A battery management system

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a battery management system for efficiently managing a battery and improving power supply flexibility of the battery. The system comprises: a user terminal, which is in communication connection with a battery management module, is used for sending a battery use request to the battery management module, and carries information of a target power supply mode; the battery management module, which is in communication connection with at least one standby battery module stored, is used for receiving the battery use request and sending the information of the target power supply mode to the standby battery module matched with the battery use request; and the standby battery module, which comprises a battery core and a control module connected between the battery core and a plug-in end, is used for executing power supply in the target power supply mode through the connected plug-in end after receiving the information of the target power supply mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage and application, and in particular to a battery management system. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of energy storage, there are many different types of batteries. According to the cell reaction type, batteries can be divided into lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, lead-acid batteries, etc. Different batteries also have preset power supply parameters such as output voltage and output current.

[0003] In practical applications, different electrical devices have different power requirements, and power supply parameters such as voltage and current limit the actual usability of batteries. To meet the diverse power needs of their devices, users often need to use multiple different types of batteries. However, managing multiple different types of batteries effectively is difficult, and some special types of batteries have very low actual utilization rates due to power supply parameter limitations, which may lead to waste of battery resources.

[0004] How to efficiently manage batteries and improve the flexibility of battery power supply is the technical problem that this application aims to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a battery management system for efficiently managing batteries and improving battery power supply flexibility.

[0006] This application provides a battery management system, including:

[0007] The user terminal is connected to the battery management module and is used to send a battery usage request to the battery management module. The battery usage request carries information about the target power supply mode.

[0008] A battery management module is communicatively connected to at least one stored standby battery module, and is used to receive the battery usage request and send the target power supply mode information to the standby battery module that matches the battery usage request;

[0009] The standby battery module includes a battery cell and a control module connected between the battery cell and a connector. The control module is used to supply power according to the target power supply mode through the connected connector after receiving information about the target power supply mode.

[0010] In this embodiment, the user terminal sends a battery usage request to the battery management module, carrying information about the target power supply mode. The battery management module receives the battery usage request and selects a standby battery module from at least one stored standby battery module that matches the battery usage request, sending the target power supply mode information to it. The standby battery module includes a battery cell and a control module connected between the battery cell and a connector. After the standby battery module receives the target power supply mode information, the control module uses the connected connector to supply power according to the target power supply mode. Through the solution provided in this embodiment, the battery management module can store at least one standby battery module, which is beneficial for batch management of standby battery modules. The battery management module can select a standby battery module from the stored standby battery modules that matches the user terminal's battery usage request, and then send the target power supply mode information to the selected standby battery module. The control module of the standby battery module then configures the power supply, enabling the standby battery module to supply power according to the user terminal's battery power supply request, providing power that matches the power supply mode requested by the user terminal and meeting the user's power needs. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery management system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the logical structure of a control module in a battery management system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the logic structure of a standby battery module in a battery management system, as an embodiment of this application.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a voltage control module in a battery management system according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. The drawing numbers in this application are only used to distinguish the various steps in the solution and are not used to limit the execution order of the various steps. The specific execution order is subject to the description in the specification.

[0017] To address the problems existing in the prior art, embodiments of this application provide a battery management system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0018] User terminal 11 is communicatively connected to battery management module 12 and is used to send battery usage request to battery management module 12, wherein the battery usage request carries information about the target power supply mode;

[0019] The battery management module 12 is communicatively connected to at least one stored standby battery module 13, and is used to receive the battery usage request and send the target power supply mode information to the standby battery module 13 that matches the battery usage request.

[0020] The standby battery module 13 includes a battery cell 131 and a control module 132 connected between the battery cell 131 and the plug-in terminal P. The control module 132 is used to supply power according to the target power supply mode through the connected plug-in terminal P after receiving the information of the target power supply mode.

[0021] In this application example, the user terminal can specifically be a portable smart device such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, or smartwatch. The user can control their own user terminal to communicate with the aforementioned battery management module via wireless means such as Bluetooth or WIFI, or via a wired connection cable.

[0022] Alternatively, the user terminal can be an interactive terminal containing a touchscreen or other interactive device. This interactive terminal can be located near the battery management module and can communicate with the battery management module via wired or wireless means. The user can send battery usage requests to the battery management module through the user terminal by viewing the content displayed on the touchscreen and performing operations via touch.

[0023] Among them, battery usage requests can be automatically generated by the user based on the user's historical usage habits, the type of electrical equipment, etc., or they can be generated after the user selects a target item through interactive methods such as typing or clicking.

[0024] The information regarding the aforementioned target power supply mode may include various types of information, such as the power supply voltage, power supply current, power supply duration, protocol, and other power supply-related information required by the electrical equipment.

[0025] In addition to information about the target power supply mode, the battery usage request may also include identification information related to the user terminal and user ID to distinguish different users, as well as the time information when the battery usage request was sent. In practical applications, the identification information and time information facilitate the battery management module in allocating standby battery modules to users, storing the current user identification information of standby battery modules, and recording the usage duration and return status of standby battery modules based on the user.

[0026] In this embodiment, the battery management module can communicate with at least one standby battery module via wired or wireless means. Optionally, it can also supply power to each standby battery module via a wired connection.

[0027] The battery management module can obtain information and charging status of standby battery modules based on the connection. In practical applications, the battery management module can store multiple standby battery modules using containers such as storage cabinets, with different standby battery modules stored in different compartments. The battery management module can determine the actual storage compartment of each standby battery module based on its connection with each standby battery module. Furthermore, after sending the target power supply mode information to the selected standby battery module, it can control the opening of the storage compartment containing the selected standby battery module, allowing the user to retrieve the required standby battery module from that compartment.

[0028] In this application example, any standby battery module includes a battery cell, a control module, and a connector. The battery cell is used for energy storage, the control module is used for charging / discharging configuration and communication, and the connector can be used to supply power to the user's device or to connect a battery management module to charge the battery cell. The control module and the battery cell can be connected via a pluggable port.

[0029] In this solution, various types of battery cells can be used, and the battery cells can also be battery packs composed of multiple independent battery cells connected together.

[0030] In practical applications, the battery swapping market has high requirements for the remaining full-charge capacity of batteries. When the remaining full-charge capacity of a battery falls below a certain value, it is often eliminated from the battery swapping market. The secondary utilization of batteries is limited by application scenarios. Diverse battery models, inconsistent voltage platforms, and unintelligent charging and discharging control mean that most retired lithium-ion batteries used in battery swapping can only be recycled for material processing, failing to realize the value of their remaining full-charge capacity. The solution provided in this application allows for the reuse of these long-term obsolete batteries. The recycled batteries undergo safety testing and screening, and multiple safe and qualified batteries are combined into battery cells. The power supply mode of the standby battery module can be configured through a control module to meet diverse user power needs.

[0031] Specifically, in electric vehicle battery swapping applications, based on voltage platforms, they can be divided into three power platforms: 48V, 60V, and 72V. Based on the communication method between the vehicle controller and the battery, they can be divided into those with and without communication. For those with communication, they can be further divided into various types such as RS485 communication and one-wire communication. Deploying battery management systems according to these multiple types would increase battery deployment and maintenance costs, and increase the risk of users not being able to find suitable batteries.

[0032] In this embodiment, the user terminal sends a battery usage request to the battery management module, carrying information about the target power supply mode. The battery management module receives the battery usage request and selects a standby battery module from at least one stored standby battery module that matches the battery usage request, sending the target power supply mode information to it. The standby battery module includes a battery cell and a control module connected between the battery cell and a connector. After the standby battery module receives the target power supply mode information, the control module uses the connected connector to supply power according to the target power supply mode. Through the solution provided in this embodiment, the battery management module can store at least one standby battery module, which is beneficial for batch management of standby battery modules. The battery management module can select a standby battery module from the stored standby battery modules that matches the user terminal's battery usage request, and then send the target power supply mode information to the selected standby battery module. The control module of the standby battery module then configures the power supply, enabling the standby battery module to supply power according to the user terminal's battery power supply request, providing power that matches the power supply mode requested by the user terminal and meeting the user's power needs.

[0033] This solution facilitates the recycling and reuse of battery energy. For various types of battery packs, this solution can make full use of battery resources. It can send and receive battery usage requests through the battery management module, and then configure the power supply mode of the standby battery module. It can be widely used in various power consumption scenarios.

[0034] Based on the solutions provided in the above embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the control module 132 specifically includes:

[0035] Analog front-end module 1321, microcontroller unit 1322, and DC-to-DC control chip 1323;

[0036] The analog front-end module 1321, which is electrically connected to the battery cell 131, is used to perform current sampling and / or voltage sampling on the battery cell 131 and send the sampling results to the microcontroller unit 1322 so as to control the battery cell 131 to release electrical energy after the microcontroller unit 1322 configures the power supply parameters.

[0037] The microcontroller unit 1322 is communicatively connected to the analog front-end module 1321 and is used to configure the power supply parameters of the DC-to-DC control chip 1323 according to the received sampling results and the information of the target power supply mode, so as to control the DC-to-DC control chip 1323 to perform power conversion according to the information of the target power supply mode, and to perform power supply through the plug-in terminal P according to the target power supply mode.

[0038] In this embodiment of the application, the control module includes an analog front end (AFE), a microcontroller unit (MCU), and a direct current to direct current (DC / DC) control chip.

[0039] The AFE (Automatic External Wire) is used to perform current and / or voltage sampling on the battery cell 131. Voltage sampling determines the energy storage state of the battery cell, while current sampling determines its charge / discharge state. The AFE can control the NMOS transistors to turn on or off via the NMOS control terminal, controlling the circuit from the connector P to the battery cell, thereby controlling the battery cell's charging / discharging process. The AFE communicates with the MCU (Microcontroller Unit), sending the sampling results to the MCU so that the MCU can configure power supply parameters based on the battery cell's state, ensuring the standby battery module can supply power in the user-requested mode.

[0040] The MCU is used to implement communication and configuration processing functions. It connects to both the AFE and the DC / DC control chip to enable communication and control between various modules. After receiving the sampling results and the target power supply mode information, the MCU can determine the state of the battery cell based on the sampling results. This allows it to determine the power supply parameters such as voltage and current for the battery cell to release electrical energy. The MCU then configures the power supply parameters for the DC / DC control chip, ensuring that the electrical energy released by the battery cell is transmitted through the DC / DC converter and then supplied to the target power supply mode via connector P.

[0041] Based on the solution provided in the above embodiments, optionally, the control module 132 further includes a communication module 133, which is communicatively connected to the microcontroller unit 1322, and the communication module 133 performs communication based on at least one of the following communication protocols:

[0042] RS485 communication protocol, standard exchange format SIF communication protocol, transmission control protocol TCP / Internet Protocol (IP) communication protocol.

[0043] In this application example, the communication module is used to implement the communication function between the MCU and the user terminal. In practical applications, one or more communication modules can be selected to perform communication according to actual needs, and the corresponding communication protocol can be flexibly selected according to actual needs.

[0044] The following example will further illustrate this solution. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the logic structure of a standby battery module is shown.

[0045] The battery cell consists of 16 lithium iron phosphate batteries connected in series. The AFE has the functions of current sampling and voltage sampling of the battery cells, and can realize charge / discharge control by controlling the NMOS.

[0046] The MCU possesses multiple functions, including discharge current detection, charging current detection, output voltage detection, and setting circuitry. It configures power supply parameters via a bidirectional DC / DC control chip, using bidirectional DC / DC power MOSFETs and inductors. The MCU also includes circuit safety protection and power calculation functions, allowing for flexible charging and discharging configuration based on the actual state of each functional module within the standby battery module, effectively ensuring charging and discharging safety. Furthermore, the DC / DC control chip can also feature maximum current limiting, ensuring the charging and discharging safety of the standby battery module by limiting the maximum charging and discharging current.

[0047] The MCU can be connected to one or more communication modules. The figure shows a 4G module, RS485 communication and a one-wire communication module. In practical applications, the communication flexibility of the standby battery module can be improved by configuring multiple communication modules.

[0048] In practical applications, the battery management module can pre-configure multiple preset power supply modes for the MCU. Then, after the battery management module receives a battery usage request from the user, it can determine the target power supply mode requested by the user based on the battery usage request, and then send the identifier of the target power supply mode to the selected standby battery module. The standby battery module can then query the corresponding preset power supply mode based on the received identifier of the target power supply mode, and thus execute the power supply parameter configuration according to the configuration method corresponding to the target power supply mode.

[0049] For example, suppose the standby battery module is a lithium-ion battery, and the battery management module is a battery swapping cabinet. The battery swapping cabinet can preset the default power supply mode for the lithium-ion battery to be a 48V communication lithium battery. Additionally, the pre-configured power supply modes for this lithium battery include, for example, 48V communication lithium battery, 60V communication lithium battery, 72V communication lithium battery, 48V simulated lead-acid battery, 60V simulated lead-acid battery, and 72V simulated lead-acid battery. In practical applications, these can be flexibly set according to the user's actual needs.

[0050] Assuming a user uses a mobile app to perform a battery swap, the app interacts with the battery swapping cabinet. The user can select the type of battery they need through the app. After receiving this information, the battery swapping cabinet selects a battery with a suitable capacity from its inventory, configures the battery to the user's selected battery mode via RS485 communication, and then opens the storage compartment door to allow the user to retrieve the battery.

[0051] After the user removes the new battery, the battery returned to the battery swapping cabinet can automatically communicate with the cabinet via RS485. The cabinet can detect the status of the returned battery and reconfigure it into a 48V communication lithium battery mode for charging.

[0052] The solution provided in this application allows the battery management module to flexibly configure standby battery modules through various communication methods. After a user initiates a battery usage request, the battery management module can efficiently configure standby battery modules through flexible communication methods, facilitating the user's rapid use of the selected standby battery modules.

[0053] Based on the solution provided in the above embodiments, optionally, the information of the target power supply mode includes information of a fixed voltage power supply mode and information of a non-fixed voltage power supply mode;

[0054] Specifically, the microcontroller unit 1322 is used for:

[0055] If the received battery usage request carries information about a fixed voltage power supply mode, the fixed voltage power supply mode information is parsed to determine a first target power supply voltage. The first target power supply voltage is used to instruct the control module 132 to perform constant voltage power supply through the connected plug terminal according to the first target power supply voltage.

[0056] If the received battery usage request carries information about a non-fixed voltage power supply mode, then a second target power supply voltage corresponding to the real-time sampling result of the voltage sampling is determined according to the preset battery state of charge curve. The second target power supply voltage is used to instruct the control module to perform transformer power supply through the connected plug terminal according to the second target power supply voltage. The preset battery state of charge curve is used to characterize the correspondence between the lead-acid battery's energy storage capacity and the power supply voltage.

[0057] In practical applications, power supply modes can be divided into two types based on whether the voltage is variable: fixed voltage power supply and non-fixed voltage power supply. Fixed voltage power supply can specifically achieve constant voltage supply according to preset voltage values ​​such as 48V, 60V, and 72V.

[0058] For fixed-voltage power supply, for example, when a user needs to use a 60V communication lithium battery, the user selects a 60V communication lithium battery on a mobile app. The battery swapping cabinet selects a set of batteries that meet the capacity requirements based on the status of the batteries in the cabinet, configures the battery as a 60V communication lithium battery via RS485 communication, and opens the compartment door for the user to use. Specifically, the fixed-voltage power supply mode information in the request sent by the user can include a first target power supply voltage, instructing the MCU to configure the standby battery module to a constant voltage power supply mode of the first target power supply voltage.

[0059] After the battery is configured as a 60V communication lithium battery, it is fixed to the corresponding voltage output through the built-in DC / DC circuit, so that the battery maintains a stable output power. If the electrical equipment is an electric two- or three-wheeled vehicle, the main controller of the electric two- or three-wheeled vehicle can obtain information such as the remaining capacity and temperature of the battery through RS485 or reserved one-wire communication functions, so as to keep the battery status display accurate during charging and avoid sudden power loss and stopping.

[0060] In addition, in practical applications, besides setting the power supply voltage, the power supply power or the power supply current can also be set. The actual power supply parameters can be selected according to actual needs.

[0061] For non-fixed voltage power supply, this mode can be categorized into several types based on the platform voltage, such as 48V simulated lead-acid battery, 60V simulated lead-acid battery, and 72V simulated lead-acid battery. The purpose of non-fixed voltage power supply is to simulate the voltage change of lead-acid batteries, where the voltage varies with the battery level. Some devices using lead-acid batteries determine the remaining battery level based on the supply voltage. Therefore, non-fixed voltage power supply allows devices in certain application scenarios to accurately determine the remaining battery level, enabling accurate battery display.

[0062] For example, when a user's electric two- or three-wheeled vehicle does not have a communication function, the instrument on the vehicle determines the remaining battery capacity based on the battery's output voltage. In this case, the user can select the simulated lead-acid battery mode.

[0063] After the user selects the simulated lead-acid battery with the corresponding voltage platform, the battery controls the output voltage through its built-in DC / DC circuit. The output voltage value corresponds to the voltage of the lead-acid battery with the current remaining battery capacity. In this mode, the user's instrument panel displays the same battery level as when using a lead-acid battery, and the vehicle's power experience is also the same.

[0064] The State of Charge (SOC) curve of a lead-acid battery characterizes the relationship between the remaining battery capacity and the output voltage. In this solution, the SOC curve is measured or obtained from the battery manufacturer and pre-stored in the MCU. The MCU can then determine the corresponding output voltage based on the real-time sampling results of the AFE (Automatic Feedback Controller), thereby controlling the standby battery module to output the corresponding voltage according to the SOC curve of the lead-acid battery. The device can then accurately display the remaining battery capacity based on the supply voltage.

[0065] Based on the solution provided in the above embodiments, optionally, the DC-to-DC control chip is specifically used for:

[0066] The electrical energy released by the battery cell is converted into voltage and current to supply power through the plug-in terminal according to the received target supply voltage and a supply current less than or equal to a preset current value.

[0067] In this application example, the DC / DC control chip is pre-set with a preset current value to ensure circuit safety, which is used to control the standby battery module to perform power supply with a safe power supply current not exceeding the preset current value.

[0068] Based on the solutions provided in the above embodiments, optionally, the control module includes a voltage control module, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the voltage control module includes:

[0069] The first resistor R1 is grounded at its first end (GND), and the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the negative input terminal U- of the operational amplifier.

[0070] The second resistor R2 has its first end connected to the plug-in terminal Ui1 and its second end connected to the positive input terminal U+ of the operational amplifier.

[0071] The third resistor R3 has its first end connected to the digital-to-analog converter output terminal Ui2 of the microcontroller unit, and its second end connected to the positive input terminal U+ of the operational amplifier.

[0072] The fourth resistor R4 has its first terminal grounded to GND and its second terminal connected to the positive input terminal U+ of the operational amplifier.

[0073] The feedback resistor Rf is connected between the negative input terminal U- of the operational amplifier and the output terminal Uo of the operational amplifier;

[0074] The output terminal Uo of the operational amplifier is connected to the feedback terminal of the DC-to-DC control chip.

[0075] In this application example, the operational amplifier can specifically be a non-inverting adder, such as the LM358.

[0076] The voltage control module provided in this application embodiment can realize the overall output voltage regulation of the standby battery module. The output voltage feedback terminal of the bidirectional DC / DC control chip is not directly connected to the actual output terminal, but is connected to the output voltage feedback terminal of the bidirectional DC / DC control chip after the MCU performs calculations and configuration. Figure 3 In the circuit diagram shown, Uo is connected to the output voltage feedback terminal of the bidirectional DC / DC control chip, Ui1 is connected to the output voltage that performs over-division and voltage follower processing, and Ui2 is connected to the digital-to-analog converter (DA) output pin of the MCU.

[0077] Since Uo is the output voltage feedback terminal of the bidirectional DC / DC control chip, it will remain at a stable voltage. Therefore, the voltage control module provided in this application embodiment can control the overall output voltage of the standby battery module by adjusting Ui2 through the MCU.

[0078] In non-fixed voltage power supply mode, this solution can pre-calculate the Ui2 values ​​corresponding to the output voltage of a lead-acid battery at 48V, 60V, and 72V using the SOC curve of the lead-acid battery, and store these values ​​in the MCU. When the user requests a non-fixed voltage power supply mode, i.e., a simulated lead-acid battery mode, the MCU can look up the Ui2 value corresponding to the battery cell's state based on the pre-stored SOC state table, output it to the non-inverting adder, and adjust the Ui2 value in real time based on the changes in the battery cell's state according to the SOC curve, thereby simulating the lead-acid battery voltage output.

[0079] Based on the solution provided in the above embodiments, optionally, the microcontroller unit 1322 is further configured to:

[0080] Monitor charging and discharging electrical parameters, including the discharging electrical parameters of the battery cell and / or the charging electrical parameters of the connector.

[0081] If the charging and discharging parameters trigger a preset safety policy, the charging and discharging function will be restricted according to the preset safety policy.

[0082] In the solution provided in this application embodiment, the MCU has circuit safety protection functions. Specifically, the MCU can monitor the power consumption parameters corresponding to the various states of the standby battery module, such as charging, discharging, and not charging / discharging, in real time.

[0083] For example, when the standby battery module is charging, the MCU can detect the charging current. If the charging current exceeds the preset maximum charging current, the charging and discharging functions will be restricted according to the preset safety policy. Specific restriction methods include stopping charging, reducing the charging current, and issuing alarms in the form of indicator lights / sound.

[0084] In practical applications, the charging and discharging mode of the standby battery module and its corresponding preset safety policies can be flexibly set according to actual needs. Optionally, the MCU can also send alarms to the user terminal or other devices in real time through the communication module to promptly remind electricity users and ensure their power safety.

[0085] Based on the solution provided in the above embodiments, optionally, the control module 132 further includes:

[0086] An electromagnetic compatibility filter is connected between the DC-to-DC control chip and the connector.

[0087] See Figure 3The filter can be connected between the DC / DC control chip and the connector. This filter can be an electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) filter. The filter can be used to reduce ripple current and effectively improve power supply stability.

[0088] Based on the solution provided in the above embodiments, optionally, the battery management module 12 is further configured to charge the at least one standby battery module 13 stored in a preset power supply mode.

[0089] The microcontroller unit 1322 is further used for:

[0090] If the time during which a standby battery module is not charged or discharged exceeds a preset time, the standby battery module is controlled to switch to a preset charging mode, which is matched with the preset power supply mode.

[0091] The solution provided in this application embodiment is used to switch the mode of the standby battery module when the standby battery module is not charging or discharging, so that the battery management module can charge the standby battery module according to the preset charging mode.

[0092] In practical applications, when a user returns the battery to the battery swapping cabinet after use, the communication module of the standby battery module automatically connects to the battery swapping cabinet. The battery swapping cabinet then sends a command to restore the battery to 48V communication lithium battery mode and recharge the battery for the next use.

[0093] Correspondingly, the MCU of the standby battery module can also execute safety policies when not charging or discharging. For example, when the battery is not configured for application mode, or after charging for 3 minutes without communication, the battery enters the 48V communication lithium battery mode. In this mode, the battery's bidirectional DC / DC module is in a pass-through state, and the MCU does not detect or set the output voltage; the battery's output voltage equals the cell voltage. In this mode, the MCU can detect the charging and discharging current. When the charging or discharging current exceeds the set maximum value, the MCU controls the bidirectional DC / DC circuit to limit the current to the set value.

[0094] In practical applications, the charging mode for standby battery modules in the battery swapping cabinet can be flexibly set according to actual needs. For example, all standby battery modules can use the same charging mode, such as 48V constant current constant voltage charging. Alternatively, based on the stored capacity of multiple standby battery modules, a fast charging mode can be prioritized for a few standby battery modules, while the other standby battery modules use the normal charging mode, to ensure that there are always standby battery modules with sufficient power available for users in the battery swapping cabinet.

[0095] Based on the solution provided in the above embodiments, optionally, the battery management module 12 is specifically used for:

[0096] According to the battery usage request, at least one candidate battery module 13 with a storage capacity greater than a preset capacity is selected from at least one stored standby battery module 13;

[0097] Information about the target power supply mode is sent to the candidate battery module 13 that matches the battery usage request.

[0098] In the solution provided in this application embodiment, the battery management module can select a sufficiently charged candidate battery module to provide to the user based on the battery usage request. Specifically, if the battery usage request includes an estimated charging time, a preset battery level can be determined based on that estimated charging time. Then, it can determine which candidate battery modules from a stored pool of at least one available battery module can meet the user's charging needs, select at least one candidate battery module, and choose one to send target power supply mode information for power supply configuration and provision to the user. Alternatively, the preset battery level can be a pre-configured custom level, such as 80%.

[0099] The solution provided by the embodiments of this application can provide users with a standby battery module with sufficient power to meet their charging needs.

[0100] The solution provided in this application is adaptable to lithium-ion batteries in various application scenarios, offering greater flexibility in product preparation and deployment. Specifically, through a power supply mode, the standby battery module can power multiple different load devices, effectively expanding the product's usability and versatility. Furthermore, the variable input voltage and charging / discharging power of the battery ensure more stable and reliable operation.

[0101] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0102] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0103] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0104] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0105] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0106] Memory may include non-persistent storage in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0107] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0108] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0109] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0110] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A battery management system, characterized in that, include: The user terminal is connected to the battery management module and is used to send a battery usage request to the battery management module. The battery usage request carries information about the target power supply mode. A battery management module is communicatively connected to at least one stored standby battery module, and is used to receive the battery usage request and send the target power supply mode information to the standby battery module that matches the battery usage request; The standby battery module includes a battery cell and a control module connected between the battery cell and the plug-in terminal. The control module is used to supply power according to the target power supply mode through the connected plug-in terminal after receiving the information of the target power supply mode. The control module specifically includes: Analog front-end module, microcontroller unit, and DC-to-DC control chip; The analog front-end module, which is electrically connected to the battery cell, is used to perform current sampling and / or voltage sampling on the battery cell and send the sampling results to the microcontroller unit so as to control the battery cell to release electrical energy after the microcontroller unit configures the power supply parameters. The microcontroller unit is communicatively connected to the analog front-end module and is used to configure the power supply parameters of the DC-to-DC control chip according to the received sampling results and the target power supply mode information, so as to control the DC-to-DC control chip to perform power conversion according to the target power supply mode information, and to perform power supply through the plug-in terminal according to the target power supply mode; The information on the target power supply mode includes information on fixed voltage power supply mode and information on non-fixed voltage power supply mode; Specifically, the microcontroller unit is used for: If the received battery usage request carries information about a fixed voltage power supply mode, the fixed voltage power supply mode information is parsed to determine a first target power supply voltage. The first target power supply voltage is used to instruct the control module to perform constant voltage power supply through the connected plug terminal according to the first target power supply voltage. If the received battery usage request carries information about a non-fixed voltage power supply mode, then a second target power supply voltage corresponding to the real-time sampling result of the voltage sampling is determined according to the preset battery state of charge curve. The second target power supply voltage is used to instruct the control module to perform transformer power supply through the connected plug terminal according to the second target power supply voltage. The preset battery state of charge curve is used to characterize the correspondence between the lead-acid battery's energy storage capacity and the power supply voltage.

2. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The control module further includes a communication module, which is communicatively connected to the microcontroller unit. The communication module performs communication based on at least one of the following communication protocols: RS485 communication protocol, standard exchange format SIF communication protocol, transmission control protocol TCP / Internet Protocol (IP) communication protocol.

3. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The DC-to-DC control chip is specifically used for: The electrical energy released by the battery cell is converted into voltage and current to supply power through the plug-in terminal according to the received target supply voltage and a supply current less than or equal to a preset current value.

4. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The control module includes a voltage control module, which includes: The first resistor has its first end grounded and its second end connected to the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier. The second resistor has a first end connected to the plug-in terminal and a second end connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier. The third resistor has its first end connected to the digital-to-analog converter output terminal of the microcontroller unit and its second end connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier. A fourth resistor, the first end of which is grounded, and the second end of which is connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier; A feedback resistor is connected between the negative input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier. The output of the operational amplifier is connected to the feedback terminal of the DC-to-DC control chip.

5. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The microcontroller unit is also used for: Monitor charging and discharging electrical parameters, including the discharging electrical parameters of the battery cell and / or the charging electrical parameters of the connector. If the charging and discharging electrical parameters trigger a preset safety policy, the charging and discharging function will be restricted according to the preset safety policy.

6. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The control module also includes: An electromagnetic compatibility filter is connected between the DC-to-DC control chip and the connector.

7. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The battery management module is also used to charge the at least one standby battery module stored in a preset power supply mode. The microcontroller unit is also used for: If the time during which a standby battery module is not charged or discharged exceeds a preset time, the standby battery module is controlled to switch to a preset charging mode, which is matched with the preset power supply mode.

8. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The battery management module is specifically used for: Based on the battery usage request, at least one candidate battery module with a storage capacity greater than a preset capacity is selected from at least one stored standby battery module. Information about the target power supply mode is sent to the candidate battery modules that match the battery usage request.

Images