A wing-body junction test device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of ground test of aircraft structure strength, and particularly relates to a wing-body joint test device. The device comprises a T-shaped joint (7) for connecting a lower web plate (105) of a wing-body joint and a supporting base (8), a horizontal butt plate (2) fixed on the upper part of a horizontal rib plate (102) of the wing-body joint and connected to the supporting base (8) through a first long bolt (12), an upper butt plate (3) fixed on an upper web plate (104) of the wing-body joint and having a hollow square column (9) connected to the end thereof, a vertical butt plate (4) fixedly connected to a vertical rib plate (103) and having the hollow square column (9) fixedly connected to the other end thereof, and the hollow square columns (9) are connected to the supporting base (8) through second long bolts (11), and strain gauges (15) are arranged on the first long bolts (12), the second long bolts (11) and the T-shaped joint (7) respectively. The wing-body joint test device is convenient to manufacture and low in cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of ground testing technology for aircraft structural strength, and specifically relates to a wing-body joint testing device. Background Technology

[0002] In transport aircraft, the wings and fuselage are assembled together via wing-fuselage joints, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the lug 101 at the upper end of the wing-body joint connects to the wing, while the other parts of the wing-body joint connect to the fuselage. The wing-body joint is a particularly important component of the aircraft structure, primarily bearing the tensile loads of the wing. Ground strength testing is the most reliable means of understanding its load-bearing and load-transfer characteristics. Ground strength testing of the wing-body joint includes static tests under different load distribution conditions, as well as fatigue tests under different load distributions and stress ratios. Adjusting the load ratio under various conditions is a challenge of this test. Currently, the wing-body joint testing device is designed according to the stiffness distribution characteristics of the fuselage. The device is particularly large and heavy, and some loads are applied by applying pressure through the actuator cylinder. The stability of the testing device is poor, and there are many risks in the test operation. Not only can the load transfer ratio not be adjusted, but the wing-body joint also cracks multiple times before the target life during fatigue testing, making it difficult to meet the requirements of structural design selection. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address at least one of the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a wing-body joint testing device. The wing-body joint includes a lug in the upper section, an upper web in the middle section, and a lower web in the lower section. A horizontal stiffener is provided between the upper web and the lug, and a vertical stiffener is provided on the side of the upper web. The testing device includes:

[0004] The T-shaped connector has one end connected to the lower web plate and the other end connected to the support base, which is fixed to the test bench.

[0005] A horizontal connecting plate is fixed to a horizontal stiffening plate, and its end is connected to a support base by a first long bolt.

[0006] The upper connecting plate has its middle plate surface fixed to the side of the upper web plate away from the vertical stiffener plate, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to a hollow square column.

[0007] A vertically connected plate, one end of which is attached and fixed to a vertical stiffener, and the other end is fixedly connected to a hollow square column;

[0008] Each hollow square column is connected to the support base by a second long bolt. Each first long bolt, each second long bolt, and each T-joint is equipped with a strain gauge, and the lugs are connected to the load application mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the vertical plate of the T-joint is connected to two lower mating plates by bolts, the other ends of the two lower mating plates are clamped to the lower end face of the lower web plate and connected to the lower web plate by bolts, and the horizontal plate of the T-joint is connected to the support base by bolts.

[0010] Preferably, each end of the horizontal mating plate is provided with four through holes, wherein the two through holes in the middle are used to connect the four-hole square plate above the horizontal mating plate by bolts, and the two through holes on both sides and the through holes on both sides of the four-hole square plate are aligned for installing the first long bolt.

[0011] Preferably, the hollow square column is a cuboid with square holes running through it from top to bottom. A vertical through hole is opened on one side of the square hole to allow for the connection of an upper or vertical mating plate with bolts, and a parallel through hole is opened on the other side of the square hole to allow for the installation of the second long bolt.

[0012] Preferably, a washer is added to one end of the bolt head of the first long bolt and the second long bolt during assembly, and the nut end is assembled in the order of washer, spring washer, washer, spring washer, and nut.

[0013] Preferably, the bolts connecting to the wing-body joint are high-strength bolts.

[0014] This application provides multiple load transfer paths, and the load on each path can be adjusted via connecting bolts. The wing-body joint testing device of this application is easy to manufacture, low in cost, and safe and reliable to assemble. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wing-body joint structure.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the wing-body joint and each mounting plate and support base of the wing-body joint test device of this application.

[0017] Figure 3 For this application Figure 2 The diagram shows the connection between each mounting plate and the support base in the embodiment shown.

[0018] Among them, 1-wing-body joint, 101-ear plate, 102-horizontal stiffener, 103-vertical stiffener, 104-upper web plate, 105-lower web plate, 2-horizontal butt plate, 3-upper butt plate, 4-vertical butt plate, 5-high-strength bolt, 6-lower butt plate, 7-T-type joint, 8-support base, 9-hollow square column, 10-stud, 11-second longest bolt, 12-first longest bolt, 13-60# bolt, 14-four-hole square plate, 15-strain gauge, 16-50# bolt, 17-300# bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] This application provides a wing-body joint testing device, such as Figure 1 As shown, the wing-body joint 1 includes an upper lug 101, a middle upper web 104, and a lower web 105. A horizontal stiffener 102 is provided between the upper web 104 and the lug 101, and a vertical stiffener 103 is provided on the side of the upper web 104. The test apparatus includes:

[0021] T-type connector 7, one end is connected to the lower web plate 105 below, and the other end is connected to the support base 8, which is fixed on the test bench surface;

[0022] The horizontal connecting plate 2 is fixed on the horizontal stiffening plate 102, and its end is connected to the support base 8 by the first long bolt 12;

[0023] The upper connecting plate 3 has its middle plate surface fixed to the side of the upper web plate 104 away from the vertical stiffener 103, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to a hollow square column 9.

[0024] A vertical connecting plate 4, one end of which is attached and fixed to a vertical stiffener plate 103, and the other end is fixedly connected to a hollow square column 9.

[0025] Each hollow square column 9 is connected to the support base 8 by a second long bolt 11. Each first long bolt 12, each second long bolt 11 and T-joint 7 are respectively provided with strain gauges 15, and ear plates 101 are connected to the load application mechanism.

[0026] In some alternative embodiments, the vertical plate of the T-joint 7 is bolted to two lower mating plates 6, the other ends of the two lower mating plates 6 are clamped to the lower end face of the lower web plate 105 and bolted to the lower web plate 105, and the horizontal plate of the T-joint 7 is bolted to the support base 8.

[0027] In some alternative embodiments, each end of the horizontal mating plate 2 is provided with four through holes, wherein the two through holes in the middle are used to connect the four-hole square plate 14 located above the horizontal mating plate 2 by bolts, and the two through holes on both sides and the through holes on both sides of the four-hole square plate 14 are aligned for installing the first long bolt 12.

[0028] The wing-body joint test device of this application applies an upward load to the lug 101 of the wing-body joint 1. The load is transmitted to the support base 8 in four directions: the first load starts from the lug 101, passes through the horizontal stiffener 102, the horizontal butt plate 2, the four-hole square plate 14, and the first long bolt 12 to the support base 8; the second load starts from the lug 101, passes through the two vertical stiffeners 103, the two vertical butt plates 4, the two hollow square columns 9, and the second long bolt 11 to the support base 8; the third load starts from the lug 101, passes through the upper web plate 104, the upper butt plate 3, the two hollow square columns 9, and the second long bolt 11 to the support base 8; the fourth load starts from the lug 101, passes through the lower web plate 105, the two lower butt plates 6, and the T-joint 7 to the support base 8.

[0029] This application attaches strain gauges 15 to the center of the smooth rods of the first long bolt 12 and the second long bolt 11, and to the center of the vertical stiffener of the T-joint 7. The strain values ​​measured by the strain gauges 15 can be converted into the magnitude of the four loads. During the test, the magnitude of the four loads can be adjusted by rotating the nuts of the first long bolt 12, the second long bolt 11, and the bolts between the T-joint 7 and the support base 8. This allows the fuselage to be passively subjected to downward loads proportionally at the horizontal stiffener 102, vertical stiffener 103, upper web 104, and lower web 105. This method provides a clear mechanical state and accurate load transfer ratios, meeting the requirements for wing-body joint structure selection tests.

[0030] In some alternative embodiments, the bolts connecting to the wing-body joint 1 are high-strength bolts 5. High-strength bolts 5 are a type of bolt, a standard aerospace fastener, which generates a high preload after assembly and exhibits significantly higher fatigue performance than ordinary bolts. In the proposed wing-body joint testing apparatus, all bolts connecting to the wing-body joint 1 of the test piece are high-strength bolts 5.

[0031] The horizontal connecting plate 2 of this application is a long strip steel plate, preferably 10 mm thick, made of Q345 steel. A central square hole is used to house the lug 101 of the wing-body connector 1. A central small hole is connected to the horizontal stiffener 102 of the wing-body connector 1 via a high-strength bolt 5. Four large holes at the center of each end are used to install a four-hole square plate 14, and four large holes on either side of each end are used to install the first long bolt 12. The upper connecting plate 3 is a rectangular steel plate, preferably 10 mm thick, made of 30CrMnSiA steel with a heat treatment level of 1000 MPa. A central small hole is connected to the upper web plate 104 of the wing-body connector 1 via a high-strength bolt 5. Six large holes at each end are used to install hollow square columns 9. The vertical connecting plate 4 is a rectangular steel plate, consisting of two pieces, preferably 10 mm thick, made of 30CrMnSiA steel with a heat treatment level of 1000 MPa. A small hole at one end is connected to the vertical stiffener 103 of the wing-body connector 1 via a high-strength bolt 5, and six large holes at the other end are used to install hollow square columns 9. The lower connecting plate 6 is a rectangular steel plate, preferably 10 mm thick, made of 30CrMnSiA steel with a heat treatment level of 1000MPa. Two plates are used, one in front and one behind the lower web plate 105 of the wing-body joint 1. The upper small hole connects to the lower web plate 105 of the wing-body joint 1 via high-strength bolts 5. The four large holes at the bottom are used to install the vertical stiffeners of the T-joint 7. The T-joint 7 is a machined integral part, made of 30CrMnSiA steel with a heat treatment level of 1000MPa. The thickness of the vertical stiffener is the same as that of the lower web plate 105 of the wing-body joint 1. The thickness of the horizontal base plate is typically 40 mm. The T-joint 7 is installed between the two lower connecting plates 6 through four through holes on the vertical stiffener.

[0032] The support base 8 of this application is a rectangular thick steel plate made of Q345. The large holes around the perimeter are connected to the load-bearing ground of the laboratory through bolts provided by the laboratory. The small hole in the middle is a fisheye hole, which is connected to the second long bolt 11, the first long bolt 12, and other bolts. The bolt heads of each bolt are placed in the fisheye hole.

[0033] In some alternative embodiments, the hollow square column 9 is a cuboid with square holes running through it from top to bottom. A vertical through hole is opened on one side of the square hole so that the upper mating plate 3 or the vertical mating plate 4 can be connected by bolts. A parallel through hole is opened on the other side of the square hole so that the second long bolt 11 can be installed.

[0034] In this embodiment, the hollow square column is made of Q345 steel, with a square hole machined in the middle. Six vertical through holes on the side can be assembled and connected with the upper connecting plate 3 and the vertical connecting plate 4. Two through holes penetrating the upper and lower surfaces can be used to install the second long bolt 11. Here, the vertical through hole means that the axis of the through hole is perpendicular to the axis of the square hole, and the parallel through hole means that the axis of the through hole is parallel to the axis of the square hole. Studs 10 are installed in the vertical through holes. The studs 10 are standard parts, made of 30CrMnSiA steel, with a heat treatment level of 1000MPa. Two washers and two nuts are used at both ends of the studs 10 to install the hollow square column 9 at both ends of the upper connecting plate 3 and one end of the vertical connecting plate 4.

[0035] In some alternative embodiments, a washer is added to one end of the bolt head of the first long bolt 12 and the second long bolt 11 during assembly, and the nut end is assembled in the order of washer, spring washer, washer, spring washer, and nut.

[0036] The first long bolt 12 of this application is a 1400# bolt, made of 30CrMnSiA steel, with a heat treatment level of 1000MPa. It is used with three washers, two spring washers, and one nut. A washer needs to be added to one end of the bolt head during assembly, and the nut end should be assembled in the following order: washer, spring washer, washer, spring washer, nut. The second long bolt 11 has the same structure and usage as the first long bolt 12, but is slightly shorter, and is a 1350# bolt.

[0037] The bolts used in this application to connect the horizontal butt plate 2 and the four-hole square plate 14 are 60# bolts 13, which are standard parts and made of Q345 steel. The four-hole square plate 14 is a rectangular steel plate, preferably 50mm thick. The bolts used in this application to connect the lower butt plate 6 and the T-joint 7 are 50# bolts 16, which are standard parts made of 30CrMnSiA steel with a heat treatment level of 1000MPa. The bolts used in this application to connect the T-joint 7 and the support base 8 are 300# bolts 17.

[0038] The wing-body joint testing device proposed in this application is easy to manufacture, low in cost, safe and reliable to assemble, and has a high frequency of fatigue testing.

[0039] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A wing-body joint testing device, wherein the wing-body joint (1) comprises an upper lug (101), a middle upper web (104), and a lower web (105), wherein a horizontal stiffener (102) is provided between the upper web (104) and the lug (101), and a vertical stiffener (103) is provided on the side of the upper web (104), characterized in that, The test apparatus includes: The T-type connector (7) is connected at one end to the lower web plate (105) and at the other end to the support base (8), which is fixed on the test bench. The horizontal connecting plate (2) is fixed on the horizontal stiffening plate (102), and its end is connected to the support base (8) by the first long bolt (12); The upper connecting plate (3) has its middle plate surface fixed to the side of the upper web plate (104) away from the vertical stiffener plate (103), and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to a hollow square column (9). A vertical butt plate (4) is attached and fixed at one end to a vertical stiffener plate (103), and a hollow square column (9) is fixedly connected at the other end. Each hollow square column (9) is connected to the support base (8) by the second long bolt (11), and strain gauges (15) are respectively provided on each first long bolt (12), each second long bolt (11) and T-joint (7), and ear plate (101) is connected to the load application mechanism.

2. The wing-body joint testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical plate of the T-joint (7) is connected to two lower mating plates (6) by bolts. The other ends of the two lower mating plates (6) are clamped to the lower end face of the lower web plate (105) and connected to the lower web plate (105) by bolts. The horizontal plate of the T-joint (7) is connected to the support base (8) by bolts.

3. The wing-body joint testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each end of the horizontal docking plate (2) is provided with four through holes, wherein the two through holes in the middle are used to connect the four-hole square plate (14) above the horizontal docking plate (2) by bolts, and the two through holes on both sides and the through holes on both sides of the four-hole square plate (14) are aligned for installing the first long bolt (12).

4. The wing-body joint testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow square column (9) is a cuboid with a square hole running through it from top to bottom. A vertical through hole is opened on one side of the square hole so that the upper connecting plate (3) or the vertical connecting plate (4) can be connected by bolts. A parallel through hole is opened on the other side of the square hole so that the second long bolt (11) can be installed.

5. The wing-body joint testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When assembling, a washer is added to one end of the bolt head of the first long bolt (12) and the second long bolt (11), and the nut end is assembled in the order of washer, spring washer, washer, spring washer and nut.

6. The wing-body joint testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bolts connecting to the wing-body joint (1) are high-strength bolts (5).

Images