Application of portulaca oleracea charcoal

Abstract

The application discloses an application of a Sesbania sesbania biochar and a preparation method of the Sesbania sesbania biochar. The preparation method comprises the following steps: the initial temperature of the dried Sesbania sesbania stem is normal temperature, the temperature is increased to 180-220 DEG C at a temperature increasing rate of 3-7 DEG C / min, the temperature is kept for 25-35 min, then the temperature is increased to 650-750 DEG C at a temperature increasing rate of 3-7 DEG C / min, the temperature is kept for 100-140 min under a nitrogen atmosphere, finally the temperature is decreased to below 100 DEG C at a temperature decreasing rate of 3-7 DEG C / min, and the Sesbania sesbania biochar is obtained. The Sesbania sesbania biochar has a highest ammonia-nitrogen removal rate of 59.9% in seawater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the application of a type of hippocampal biochar. Background Technology

[0002] Sea purslane (Sesuvium portulacastrum) is a succulent herbaceous plant that grows along the coast and is also a companion species of mangroves. It exhibits strong tolerance to salinity, drought, and heavy metals, and can be widely used for sand fixation, dike protection, soil and water conservation, and bioremediation of coastal wetlands. It is classified as belonging to the phylum Equisetum, class Magnoliopsida, order Caryophyllales, family Aizoaceae, and genus Sesuvium. Due to its exceptional vitality, it can continuously spread to form ground cover, making it an excellent plant for windbreak and sand fixation, and for protecting riverbanks. It is also frequently planted on fishpond embankments, protecting the banks and providing shade for fish; its decaying leaves can also be consumed by fish. Sea purslane is also a valuable nesting material for some birds.

[0003] Because sea purslane is a perennial herbaceous plant, and because it is tolerant of high salinity and high temperatures, reproduces rapidly, is easy to cultivate, has controllable propagation, and has a strong ability to absorb elements such as C, N, and P, it has become an ideal plant for the restoration of marine environments and is widely used in artificial wetlands, ecological floating beds, and other marine environmental and aquaculture wastewater remediation projects. However, how to dispose of sea purslane after it has reproduced in large quantities has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide applications of dentata biochar.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: to provide the application of seahorse biochar in the removal of ammonia nitrogen from seawater.

[0006] Another technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: to provide the application of seahorse biochar in adsorbing ammonia nitrogen in seawater.

[0007] Furthermore, the preparation method of the aforementioned seahorse dentata biochar includes the following steps: the dried seahorse dentata stem is initially heated to room temperature, then heated to 180℃~220℃ at a heating rate of 3℃ / min~7℃ / min, held for 25min~35min, then heated to 650℃~750℃ at a heating rate of 3℃ / min~7℃ / min, held for 100min~140min under a nitrogen atmosphere, and finally cooled to below 100℃ at a cooling rate of 3℃ / min~7℃ / min to obtain the seahorse dentata biochar.

[0008] Furthermore, the preparation of dried seahorse tusk stems includes: removing the leaves from the harvested seahorse tusks, leaving only the stems, drying the stems, soaking the dried seahorse tusks in pure water, and then drying them for later use.

[0009] Furthermore, the stem is cut into sections of about 1-5 cm in length using scissors and then dried.

[0010] Furthermore, the process involves repeated soaking and drying in pure water 3 to 5 times, with each soaking lasting 24 to 72 hours.

[0011] Furthermore, the drying temperature is 30℃~70℃.

[0012] Unless otherwise specified, the equipment, reagents, processes, parameters, etc. involved in this invention are all conventional equipment, reagents, processes, parameters, etc., and no further examples will be provided.

[0013] All ranges listed in this invention include all point values ​​within that range.

[0014] In this invention, "normal temperature" refers to the conventional ambient temperature, which can be 10 to 30°C.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, this technical solution has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. Due to the salt effect, ammonia nitrogen in seawater is more difficult to remove than ammonia nitrogen in freshwater. This invention unexpectedly discovered that biochar made from seahorse dentata has a good removal effect on ammonia nitrogen in seawater.

[0017] 2. The seahorse biochar prepared by the optimal preparation method of the present invention has a maximum ammonia nitrogen removal rate of 59.9% in seawater. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a photograph of the unsoaked seahorse teeth from Comparative Example 1.

[0020] Figure 2 The image shows the actual product of the 500-Hmc biochar from the hippocampus in Comparative Example 2.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a photograph of the actual product of the dentata biochar 700-Hmc from Example 1.

[0022] Figure 4 The image shows the actual product of the dentata biochar 700-Ca-Hmc from Comparative Example 3.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a physical image of the walnut shell biochar Htk from Comparative Example 4.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a photograph of the walnut shell biochar Ca-Htk from Comparative Example 5.

[0025] Figure 7This is a photograph of the apricot shell biochar from Comparative Example 6.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a photograph of the reed straw biochar 300-RSB from Comparative Example 7.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a photograph of the reed straw biochar 400-RSB from Comparative Example 8.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a photograph of the 500-RSB reed straw biochar from Comparative Example 9.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a photograph of the reed straw biochar 600-RSB from Comparative Example 10.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a photograph of the reed straw biochar 700-RSB from Comparative Example 11.

[0031] Figure 13 The ammonia nitrogen removal rates are for Group B (Example 1) and Group D (Comparative Example 3).

[0032] Figure 14 The ammonia nitrogen adsorption amount of group B (Example 1) and group D (Comparative Example 3).

[0033] Figure 15 The ammonia nitrogen removal rates are for Group G (Comparative Example 4) and Group I (Comparative Example 5).

[0034] Figure 16 The adsorption amount of ammonia nitrogen in group G (comparative example 4) and group I (comparative example 5) is shown.

[0035] Figure 17 The ammonia nitrogen removal rates are for group A (Comparative Example 1) and group C (Comparative Example 2).

[0036] Figure 18 The ammonia nitrogen adsorption capacity of group A (Comparative Example 1) and group C (Comparative Example 2) is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The raw materials for seahorse dentata come from the large-diameter base of the Fujian Provincial Marine Fisheries Seed Industry Research Center. Production process: Remove the leaves from the harvested seahorse dentata, leaving only the stem. Cut the stem into approximately 3cm lengths with scissors and dry them. Except for Comparative Example 1, soak the dried seahorse dentata in pure water for 48 hours. Repeat the drying and soaking process 3 times. Dry and set aside. Comparative Example 1 is dried directly and set aside.

[0038] Comparative Example 1

[0039] Unmodified hippocampal teeth heating program: Place the dried, unsoaked hippocampal teeth into a tube furnace. Initially at room temperature, heat to 200°C at a rate of 5°C / min, hold for 30 min, then heat to 700°C at a rate of 5°C / min, hold under a nitrogen atmosphere for 120 min, and finally cool to 100°C at a rate of 5°C / min. The program ends. Named A.

[0040] Comparative Example 2

[0041] 500-Hmc heating program: Initial temperature is room temperature. Increment the temperature to 200℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min, hold for 30 min, then increase the temperature to 500℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min, hold for 120 min under a nitrogen atmosphere, and finally decrease the temperature to 100℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min. The program ends. Named C.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] 700-Hmc heating program: Initial temperature is room temperature. Increment the temperature to 200℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min, hold for 30 min, then increase the temperature to 700℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min, hold for 120 min under a nitrogen atmosphere, and finally decrease the temperature to 100℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min. The program ends. Named B.

[0044] Comparative Example 3

[0045] 700-Ca-Hmc heating program: The mass ratio of dried seahorse dentate to oyster shell powder is 1:1. The initial temperature is room temperature. The temperature is increased to 200℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min and held for 30 min. Then, the temperature is increased to 700℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min and held for 120 min under a nitrogen atmosphere. Finally, the temperature is decreased to 100℃ at a cooling rate of 5℃ / min. The program ends. This program is named D.

[0046] Comparative Example 4

[0047] Htk heating program: Walnut shells with a particle size of 1-1.6 mm, starting at room temperature, heat to 200℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, hold for 30 min, then heat to 700℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, hold for 120 min under a nitrogen atmosphere, and finally cool to 100℃ at a cooling rate of 5℃ / min. The program ends and is named G.

[0048] Comparative Example 5

[0049] Ca-Htk heating program: Walnut shells with a particle size of 1-1.6 mm are mixed with oyster shell powder in a 1:1 mass ratio and fired in a tube furnace at 700℃. The initial temperature is room temperature. The temperature is increased to 200℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min and held for 30 min. Then, the temperature is increased to 700℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min and held for 120 min under a nitrogen atmosphere. Finally, the temperature is decreased to 100℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min, and the program ends. This is named I.

[0050] Comparative Example 6

[0051] Apricot shell biochar heating program: 6-12 mesh apricot shells, heated to 500℃ at room temperature at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, heated in a nitrogen atmosphere at 500℃ for 120min, then the program ends.

[0052] Comparative Example 7

[0053] 300-RSB: Reed straw biochar prepared at 300℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere was heated to 300℃ at room temperature at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, and heated at 300℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere for 120 minutes. The program ended.

[0054] Comparative Example 8

[0055] 400-RSB: Reed straw biochar prepared at 400℃ under nitrogen atmosphere was heated to 400℃ at room temperature at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, and heated at 400℃ under nitrogen atmosphere for 120 min, and the program ended.

[0056] Comparative Example 9

[0057] 500-RSB: Reed straw biochar prepared at 500℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere was heated to 500℃ at room temperature at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, and then heated at 500℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere for 120 minutes. The program ended.

[0058] Comparative Example 10

[0059] 600-RSB: Reed straw biochar prepared at 600℃ under nitrogen atmosphere was heated to 600℃ at room temperature at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, and heated at 600℃ under nitrogen atmosphere for 120 min, and the program ended.

[0060] Comparative Example 11

[0061] 700-RSB: Reed straw biochar prepared at 700℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere was heated to 700℃ at room temperature at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, and then heated at 700℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere for 120 minutes. The program ended.

[0062] Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption experiment of seahorse dentata

[0063] Calculation method

[0064] (1) Removal rate

[0065] The formula for calculating the removal rate is as follows.

[0066]

[0067] In the formula: R1 — removal rate (%)

[0068] C0 — Initial concentration (mg / L)

[0069] Ct — Concentration (mg / L) after t hours

[0070] (2) Adsorption capacity

[0071] The formula for calculating the adsorption capacity is as follows.

[0072]

[0073] In the formula: q — adsorption capacity (mg / g);

[0074] V—sample volume (L);

[0075] C0—Initial concentration (mg / L);

[0076] Ct — Concentration (mg / L) after adsorption for t hours;

[0077] m — Material usage (g)

[0078] Ammonia nitrogen adsorption experiments using seahorse dentate and walnut shells: First, simulated seawater aquaculture wastewater was prepared in the laboratory using a national standard ammonia nitrogen reference (concentration: 1000 mg / L). 0.2 g of biochar from each group was added to an Erlenmeyer flask, along with 50 ml of an ammonia nitrogen solution (salinity 30) with a concentration of approximately 2 mg / L. The flask was shaken for 12 hours at 25°C and a shaking speed of 120 r / min. A portion of the water sample was then filtered, and its ammonia nitrogen concentration was measured. The blank group consisted of 50 ml of artificial seawater and biochar; the experimental group consisted of 50 ml of ammonia nitrogen solution and biochar; and the control group consisted of 50 ml of ammonia nitrogen solution.

[0079] Ammonia nitrogen adsorption experiment using apricot shells and reed straw: First, simulated seawater aquaculture wastewater was prepared in the laboratory using a national standard ammonia nitrogen reference (concentration: 1000 mg / L). 0.05 g of biochar from each group was added to an Erlenmeyer flask, along with 50 ml of an ammonia nitrogen solution (salinity 30) with a concentration of approximately 1 mg / L. The flask was shaken for 12 hours at 25℃ and a shaking speed of 120 r / min. A portion of the water sample was then filtered, and its ammonia nitrogen concentration was measured. The blank group consisted of 50 ml of artificial seawater and biochar; the experimental group consisted of 50 ml of ammonia nitrogen solution and biochar; and the control group consisted of 50 ml of ammonia nitrogen solution.

[0080] according to Figure 13 and Figure 14 The ammonia nitrogen removal rate of group B reached 59.9%, while that of group D was 9.3%. This indicates that the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen by biochar is competitive with that of Ca2+. The modified dentata biochar has fewer ammonia nitrogen binding sites on its surface, resulting in a decrease in ammonia nitrogen adsorption efficiency.

[0081] like Figure 15 and Figure 16 The removal rates of ammonia nitrogen in groups G and I were 9.8% and 22.7%, respectively, and the adsorption capacities were 0.052 mg / g and 0.12 mg / g, respectively. The adsorption capacity after modification was 2.31 times that before modification.

[0082] like Figure 17 and Figure 18 The removal rates of ammonia nitrogen for groups A and C were -3.4% and 8%, respectively, with adsorption capacities of -0.0075 mg / g and 0.017 mg / g, respectively. Group B also showed better ammonia nitrogen adsorption than group C. Therefore, seahorse tusks fired at 700℃ showed better ammonia nitrogen adsorption than those fired at 500℃. Soaking in pure water can dissolve some of the potentially polluting phosphates and ammonia nitrogen from the seahorse tusks themselves, reducing the potential pollution from the seahorse tusks.

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent and the contents of the specification should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of seahorse dentata biochar in adsorbing ammonia nitrogen in seawater; the preparation method of the seahorse dentata biochar includes the following steps: the dried seahorse dentata stem is initially heated to room temperature, then heated to 180℃~220℃ at a heating rate of 3℃ / min~7℃ / min, held for 25 min~35 min, then heated to 650℃~750℃ at a heating rate of 3℃ / min~7℃ / min, held under a nitrogen atmosphere for 100 min~140 min, and finally cooled to below 100℃ at a cooling rate of 3℃ / min~7℃ / min to obtain the seahorse dentata biochar; wherein, Seahorse dentate stems are soaked in pure water and dried repeatedly 3 to 5 times, with each soaking lasting 24 to 72 hours.

2. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation of dried seahorse tusk stems includes: removing the leaves from the harvested seahorse tusks, leaving only the stems, and then drying the stems.

3. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying temperature is 30℃~70℃.

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