Mechanical extracorporeal ventricular assist device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a mechanical extracorporeal ventricular assist device which comprises a bowl-shaped shell, an elastic sac cavity is fixedly embedded in the bowl-shaped shell, a round cup-shaped shell is sealingly docked with the bowl opening of the bowl-shaped shell, the round cup-shaped shell comprises an arc groove-shaped rear shell, an arc groove-shaped front shell, a circular bottom plate and two arc-shaped supporting blocks, one supporting recess is arranged on the flat side of each of the two arc-shaped supporting blocks, a rear positioning plate is fixedly arranged on the left part of the inner side of the arc groove-shaped rear shell, a pressure sensor is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the rear positioning plate, a horizontal rotating shaft is commonly rotatably arranged in the two supporting recesses, a cam is fixedly arranged on the middle part of the side surface of the horizontal rotating shaft, the cam can detachably extrude the lower sac wall of the elastic sac cavity and can detachably extrude the pressure sensor. The application solves the problems of high operation cost, high operation difficulty, large operation damage, poor working stability and easy thrombosis of the existing ventricular assist device, and is suitable for ventricular assistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically a mechanical external ventricular assist device. Background Technology

[0002] A ventricular assist device (VAD) is a mechanical device that assists the heart in supplying blood to the aorta, used for patients with heart failure or awaiting heart transplantation. Currently, clinically used VADs mainly fall into three categories: implantable VADs, magnetically levitated externally suspended VADs, and pneumatic interventional VADs. These three types of VADs suffer from the following problems due to their inherent structural limitations: First, implantable VADs require implantation surgery, resulting in high surgical costs, greater surgical difficulty, and more invasive procedures. Second, magnetically levitated externally suspended VADs are susceptible to interference from external motion and electromagnetic fields due to limitations in magnetic levitation technology, leading to poor operational stability. Third, pneumatic interventional VADs, due to unstable pumping force, are prone to blood cell aggregation during operation, increasing the risk of thrombosis. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a mechanical externally suspended VAD to address the problems of high surgical costs, greater surgical difficulty, more invasive procedures, poor operational stability, and the risk of thrombosis associated with existing VADs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems of high surgical cost, high surgical difficulty, large surgical trauma, poor working stability and easy thrombosis of existing ventricular assist devices, the present invention provides a mechanical external ventricular assist device.

[0004] This invention is achieved using the following technical solution: A mechanical external ventricular assist device includes a bowl-shaped housing; The bowl-shaped shell has its rim facing downwards, and an assembly hole is provided through the rim. An elastic bladder is fixedly embedded inside the bowl-shaped shell. A connector is sealed and connected to the upper wall of the elastic bladder, and the connector passes through the assembly hole. A catheter is sealed and connected to the connector. The end of the catheter has an end wall, and a wire-passing hole is provided through the center of the end wall. A blood inlet and a bleeding outlet are provided through the side wall of the end of the catheter, and the distance between the bleeding outlet and the end wall is greater than the distance between the blood inlet and the end wall. A one-way valve for blood inlet is fixedly embedded inside the blood inlet. A one-way valve for bleeding outlet is fixedly embedded inside the bleeding outlet. The bowl-shaped shell is sealed to a round cup-shaped shell; the round cup-shaped shell includes an arc-groove rear shell, an arc-groove front shell, a circular base plate, and two arc-shaped support blocks; the groove of the arc-groove front shell is sealed to the groove of the arc-groove rear shell; the front part of the upper edge of the circular base plate is fixed to the lower edge of the arc-groove front shell; the rear part of the upper edge of the circular base plate is sealed to the lower edge of the arc-groove rear shell; the rear parts of the arc-shaped sides of the two arc-shaped support blocks are fixed to the upper part of the inner side of the arc-groove rear shell; the front parts of the arc-shaped sides of the two arc-shaped support blocks are sealed to the upper part of the inner side of the arc-groove front shell; each of the two arc-shaped support blocks has a support recess on its flat side. A rear positioning plate is fixed to the left side of the inner side of the arc-groove rear shell; a rear positioning flat groove is formed on the front end face of the rear positioning plate; a rear positioning notch A is formed on the right side of the lower edge of the groove opening; a rear positioning notch B is formed on the left side of the upper and lower edges of the groove opening; a pressure sensor is fixed to the upper surface of the rear positioning plate; a front positioning plate is fixed to the left side of the inner side of the arc-groove front shell; a front positioning flat groove is formed on the rear end face of the front positioning plate, and the front positioning flat groove and the rear positioning flat groove are connected to form a positioning flat cavity; a front positioning notch A is formed on the right side of the lower edge of the groove opening of the front positioning flat groove, and the front positioning notch A and the rear positioning notch A are connected to form a positioning hole A; a front positioning notch B is formed on the left side of the upper and lower edges of the groove opening of the front positioning flat groove, and the two front positioning notches B and the two rear positioning notches B are connected to form two positioning holes B; a touch screen is fixed through the side of the arc-groove front shell. A drive motor is fixed to the upper surface of a circular base plate, and the output shaft of the drive motor rotates through the positioning hole A. A spur gear A is fixedly mounted on the side of the output shaft of the drive motor, and the spur gear A is rotatably embedded in the positioning flat cavity. A vertical rotating shaft is rotatably supported in both positioning holes B. A spur gear B is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the vertical rotating shaft, and the spur gear B meshes with the spur gear A. A bevel gear A is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the vertical rotating shaft. A transverse rotating shaft is rotatably supported in both supporting recesses. A bevel gear B is fixedly mounted on the left side of the transverse rotating shaft, and the bevel gear B meshes with the bevel gear A. A cam is fixedly mounted on the middle side of the transverse rotating shaft. The cam can separately compress the lower wall of the elastic bladder cavity on one hand, and separately compress the pressure sensor on the other hand. The controller is fixed inside the round cup-shaped housing; the input end of the controller is connected to the output end of the pressure sensor; the output end of the controller is connected to the control end of the drive motor; the controller is bidirectionally connected to the touch screen.

[0005] During the procedure, the physician first inserts the guidewire through the patient's femoral artery, allowing it to pass through the aortic valve into the left ventricle. Then, the external portion of the guidewire is inserted through the insertion hole, and the catheter is then inserted into the patient's body along the guidewire. This allows the blood inlet to enter the patient's left ventricle, while the bleeding outlet to enter the patient's aorta.

[0006] The specific working process is as follows: The output shaft of the drive motor sequentially drives the cam to rotate through spur gear A, spur gear B, vertical rotating shaft, bevel gear A, bevel gear B, and horizontal rotating shaft. This causes the cam to periodically compress the lower wall of the elastic sac, thereby pumping blood from the left ventricle to the aorta. The specific pumping process is as follows: When the cam is not compressing the lower wall of the elastic sac (e.g.... Figure 27 As shown), the lower wall of the elastic capsule is flattened, and the elastic capsule is in a relaxed state, creating negative pressure within it. Under this negative pressure, the inlet valve opens (the outlet valve closes), and blood from the left ventricle flows into the elastic capsule sequentially through the inlet, catheter, and nozzle. When the cam compresses the lower wall of the elastic capsule (as shown), Figure 28 As shown in the diagram, the lower wall of the elastic sac is concave, and the elastic sac is in a contracted state, creating positive pressure within it. Under this positive pressure, the bleeding check valve opens (the inflow check valve closes), and blood from the elastic sac flows sequentially through the nozzle, catheter, and bleeding port into the aorta.

[0007] Meanwhile, the cam periodically presses against the pressure sensor, causing the sensor to output a periodic signal in real time. The controller calculates the cam's rotation cycle based on this signal, and then calculates the drive motor's speed and the blood pumping flow rate in real time. When the blood pumping flow rate deviates from the preset normal value, the controller adjusts the drive motor's speed in real time based on the calculation results, causing the cam's rotation cycle to change. This brings the blood pumping flow rate back to the normal value, thus ensuring the patient's safety.

[0008] During the above process, the blood pumping flow rate, the cam rotation cycle, and the drive motor speed are all displayed in real time on the touch screen. The touch screen allows users to set the normal blood pumping flow rate and send control commands to the controller, which then controls the drive motor's operation accordingly.

[0009] Based on the above process, compared with existing ventricular assist devices, the mechanical external ventricular assist device of the present invention, based on a novel structure, has the following advantages: First, compared with implantable ventricular assist devices, the present invention does not require implantation surgery, but only interventional surgery, thereby effectively reducing surgical costs, surgical difficulty, and surgical damage. Second, compared with magnetically levitated externally suspended ventricular assist devices, the present invention is not limited by magnetic levitation technology, and therefore is not affected by external movement and electromagnetic interference, thus effectively improving operational stability. Third, compared with pneumatic interventional ventricular assist devices, the present invention uses a cam to periodically squeeze the elastic sac to pump blood, thus its pumping force is more stable, effectively avoiding blood cell aggregation during operation and thus effectively preventing thrombosis.

[0010] Furthermore, an elastic cone is fixedly embedded inside the catheter, and the elastic cone is located between the blood inlet check valve and the blood outlet check valve; the thicker end of the elastic cone faces the end wall of the catheter. During operation, the thinner end of the elastic cone opens under negative pressure to ensure smooth blood flow, and closes under positive pressure to prevent blood from flowing through, thereby preventing blood from flowing out from the suture hole.

[0011] Furthermore, a rear positioning block is fixed to the right side of the inner surface of the arc-groove rear shell; a front positioning block is fixed to the right side of the inner surface of the arc-groove front shell; the controller is simultaneously fixed to the left side of the rear positioning block and the left side of the front positioning block. During operation, the function of the rear and front positioning blocks is to reliably fix the controller inside the cup-shaped housing.

[0012] Furthermore, the touchscreen has two communication interfaces, one of which can be detachably connected to a heart rate probe. During operation, the heart rate probe can measure the patient's heart rate in real time, and the measurement results are displayed on the touchscreen in real time.

[0013] This invention effectively solves the problems of high surgical cost, high surgical difficulty, high surgical damage, poor working stability, and easy thrombosis of existing ventricular assist devices, and is suitable for ventricular assist. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Partial structural diagram Figure 1 .

[0016] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial structural diagram.

[0017] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial structural diagram.

[0018] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial structural diagram.

[0019] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial structural diagram.

[0020] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 Partial structural diagram Figure 2 .

[0021] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 9 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of a section at point B.

[0023] Figure 10 yes Figure 7 A sectional view.

[0024] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A magnified view of a section at point C.

[0025] Figure 12 yes Figure 10 A magnified view of a section at point D.

[0026] Figure 13 yes Figure 1 Another structural diagram from another angle.

[0027] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Partial structural diagram Figure 1 .

[0028] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A partial structural diagram.

[0029] Figure 16 yes Figure 15 A partial structural diagram.

[0030] Figure 17 yes Figure 16 A partial structural diagram.

[0031] Figure 18 yes Figure 13 Partial structural diagram Figure 2 .

[0032] Figure 19 yes Figure 18 A magnified view of a section at point E in the middle.

[0033] Figure 20 yes Figure 18 A sectional view.

[0034] Figure 21 yes Figure 20 A magnified view of a section at point F.

[0035] Figure 22 yes Figure 20 A magnified view of a section at point G.

[0036] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the bowl-shaped shell structure in this invention.

[0037] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic bladder, nozzle, transverse rotating shaft, and cam in this invention.

[0038] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-groove front shell, circular base plate, and touch screen in this invention.

[0039] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the central rate probe of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 27 This is a reference for the working state of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0041] Figure 28 This is a reference for the working state of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0042] In the diagram: 1-bowl-shaped shell, 1.1-assembly hole, 2-elastic cavity, 3-connector, 4-catheter, 4.1-threading hole, 4.2-blood inlet, 4.3-bleeding outlet, 5-blood inlet check valve, 6-bleeding check valve, 7-arc-groove rear shell, 8-arc-groove front shell, 9-circular base plate, 10-arch-shaped support block, 10.1-support recess, 11-rear positioning plate, 11.1-rear positioning flat groove, 11.2-rear positioning notch A, 11.3-rear positioning notch B, 12-pressure Sensor, 13-Front positioning plate, 13.1-Front positioning flat groove, 13.2-Front positioning notch A, 13.3-Front positioning notch B, 14-Touch screen, 14.1-Communication interface, 15-Drive motor, 16-Spur gear A, 17-Vertical rotating shaft, 18-Spur gear B, 19-Bevel gear A, 20-Horizontal rotating shaft, 21-Bevel gear B, 22-Cam, 23-Controller, 24-Elastic cone, 25-Rear positioning block, 26-Front positioning block, 27-Heart rate probe. Detailed Implementation

[0043] A mechanical external ventricular assist device includes a bowl-shaped housing 1; The bowl-shaped shell 1 has its rim facing downwards, and an assembly hole 1.1 is provided through the rim. An elastic bladder 2 is fixedly embedded inside the bowl-shaped shell 1. A connector 3 is sealed and connected to the upper wall of the elastic bladder 2, and the connector 3 passes through the assembly hole 1.1. A conduit 4 is sealed and connected to the connector 3. The tail end of the conduit 4 has an end wall, and a threading hole 4.1 is provided through the center of the end wall. A blood inlet 4.2 and a bleeding outlet 4.3 are provided through the side wall of the tail end of the conduit 4, and the distance between the bleeding outlet 4.3 and the end wall is greater than the distance between the blood inlet 4.2 and the end wall. A one-way valve 5 is fixedly embedded inside the blood inlet 4.2. A one-way valve 6 is fixedly embedded inside the bleeding outlet 4.3. The bowl-shaped shell 1 is sealed to a round cup-shaped shell; the round cup-shaped shell includes an arc-groove rear shell 7, an arc-groove front shell 8, a circular base plate 9, and two arc-shaped support blocks 10; the groove of the arc-groove front shell 8 is sealed to the groove of the arc-groove rear shell 7; the front part of the upper edge of the circular base plate 9 is fixed to the lower end of the arc-groove front shell 8; the rear part of the upper edge of the circular base plate 9 is sealed to the lower end of the arc-groove rear shell 7; the rear parts of the arc-shaped sides of the two arc-shaped support blocks 10 are fixed to the upper end of the inner side of the arc-groove rear shell 7; the front parts of the arc-shaped sides of the two arc-shaped support blocks 10 are sealed to the upper end of the inner side of the arc-groove front shell 8; each of the two arc-shaped support blocks 10 has a support recess 10.1 on its flat side. A rear positioning plate 11 is fixed to the left side of the inner side of the arc-groove rear shell 7; a rear positioning flat groove 11.1 is opened on the front end face of the rear positioning plate 11; a rear positioning notch A11.2 is opened on the right side of the lower edge of the groove opening of the rear positioning flat groove 11.1; a rear positioning notch B11.3 is opened on the left side of the upper and lower edges of the groove opening of the rear positioning flat groove 11.1; a pressure sensor 12 is fixed to the upper surface of the rear positioning plate 11; a front positioning plate 13 is fixed to the left side of the inner side of the arc-groove front shell 8; a front positioning flat groove 13.1 is opened on the rear end face of the front positioning plate 13, and the front positioning... The front positioning flat groove 13.1 and the rear positioning flat groove 11.1 are connected to form a positioning flat cavity; a front positioning notch A13.2 is opened on the right side of the lower edge of the front positioning flat groove 13.1, and the front positioning notch A13.2 is connected to the rear positioning notch A11.2 to form a positioning hole A; a front positioning notch B13.3 is opened on the left side of the upper and lower edges of the front positioning flat groove 13.1, and the two front positioning notches B13.3 are connected to the two rear positioning notches B11.3 to form two positioning holes B; a touch screen 14 is fixed through the side of the arc-shaped front shell 8. A drive motor 15 is fixed to the upper surface of the circular base plate 9, and the output shaft of the drive motor 15 rotates through the positioning hole A; a spur gear A16 is fixedly mounted on the side of the output shaft of the drive motor 15, and the spur gear A16 is rotatably embedded in the positioning flat cavity; a vertical rotating shaft 17 is rotatably supported in the two positioning holes B; a spur gear B18 is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the vertical rotating shaft 17, and the spur gear B18 meshes with the spur gear A16; a bevel gear A19 is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the vertical rotating shaft 17; a transverse rotating shaft 20 is rotatably supported in the two supporting recesses 10.1; a bevel gear B21 is fixedly mounted on the left side of the transverse rotating shaft 20, and the bevel gear B21 meshes with the bevel gear A19; a cam 22 is fixedly mounted on the middle side of the transverse rotating shaft 20; the cam 22 can separately compress the lower wall of the elastic bladder 2 on one hand, and separately compress the pressure sensor 12 on the other hand. A controller 23 is fixed inside a round cup-shaped housing; the input end of the controller 23 is connected to the output end of the pressure sensor 12; the output end of the controller 23 is connected to the control end of the drive motor 15; the controller 23 is bidirectionally connected to the touch screen 14.

[0044] An elastic cone 24 is fixedly embedded inside the catheter 4, and the elastic cone 24 is located between the blood inlet check valve 5 and the bleeding check valve 6; the thick end of the elastic cone 24 faces the end wall of the catheter 4.

[0045] A rear positioning block 25 is fixed to the right side of the inner side of the arc-groove rear shell 7; a front positioning block 26 is fixed to the right side of the inner side of the arc-groove front shell 8; and the controller 23 is simultaneously fixed to the left side of the rear positioning block 25 and the left side of the front positioning block 26.

[0046] The touchscreen 14 has two communication interfaces 14.1, and a heart rate probe 27 can be detachably plugged into one of the communication interfaces 14.1.

[0047] In practice, the elastic cavity 2 is made of rubber. Both the blood inlet check valve 5 and the bleeding check valve 6 are duckbill valves. The diameter of spur gear B18 is larger than the diameter of spur gear A16.

[0048] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely illustrative examples, and the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical external ventricular assist device, characterized in that: Including a bowl-shaped shell (1); The bowl-shaped shell (1) has its rim facing downwards, and an assembly hole (1.1) is provided through the edge of the rim. An elastic bladder (2) is fixedly embedded inside the bowl-shaped shell (1). A connector (3) is sealed and connected to the upper wall of the elastic bladder (2), and the connector (3) passes through the assembly hole (1.1). A conduit (4) is sealed and connected to the connector (3). The end of the conduit (4) has an end wall, and a threading hole (4.1) is provided through the center of the end wall. A blood inlet (4.2) and a bleeding outlet (4.3) are provided through the side wall of the tail of the conduit (4), and the distance between the bleeding outlet (4.3) and the end wall is greater than the distance between the blood inlet (4.2) and the end wall. A one-way valve for blood inlet (5) is fixedly embedded inside the blood inlet (4.2). A one-way valve for bleeding (6) is fixedly embedded inside the bleeding outlet (4.3). The bowl-shaped shell (1) is sealed with a round cup-shaped shell; the round cup-shaped shell includes an arc-groove rear shell (7), an arc-groove front shell (8), a circular bottom plate (9), and two bow-shaped support blocks (10); the groove of the arc-groove front shell (8) is sealed with the groove of the arc-groove rear shell (7); the front part of the upper edge of the circular bottom plate (9) is fixed to the lower end of the arc-groove front shell (8); the rear part of the upper edge of the circular bottom plate (9) is sealed with the lower end of the arc-groove rear shell (7); the rear part of the arc-shaped side of the two bow-shaped support blocks (10) is fixed to the upper end of the inner side of the arc-groove rear shell (7); the front part of the arc-shaped side of the two bow-shaped support blocks (10) is sealed with the upper end of the inner side of the arc-groove front shell (8); each of the flat side of the two bow-shaped support blocks (10) has a support recess (10.1). A rear positioning plate (11) is fixed to the left side of the inner side of the arc-groove rear shell (7); a rear positioning flat groove (11.1) is opened on the front end face of the rear positioning plate (11); a rear positioning notch A (11.2) is opened on the right side of the lower edge of the groove of the rear positioning flat groove (11.1); a rear positioning notch B (11.3) is opened on the left side of the upper and lower edges of the groove of the rear positioning flat groove (11.1); a pressure sensor (12) is fixed to the upper surface of the rear positioning plate (11); a front positioning plate (13) is fixed to the left side of the inner side of the arc-groove front shell (8); a front positioning flat groove (13.1) is opened on the rear end face of the front positioning plate (13), and The front positioning flat groove (13.1) and the rear positioning flat groove (11.1) are connected to form a positioning flat cavity; a front positioning notch A (13.2) is provided on the right side of the lower edge of the front positioning flat groove (13.1), and the front positioning notch A (13.2) and the rear positioning notch A (11.2) are connected to form a positioning hole A; a front positioning notch B (13.3) is provided on the left side of the upper and lower edges of the front positioning flat groove (13.1), and the two front positioning notches B (13.3) and the two rear positioning notches B (11.3) are connected to form two positioning holes B; a touch screen (14) is fixed through the side of the arc-shaped front shell (8); A drive motor (15) is fixed on the upper surface of a circular base plate (9), and the output shaft of the drive motor (15) rotates through the positioning hole A; a spur gear A (16) is fixedly mounted on the side of the output shaft of the drive motor (15), and the spur gear A (16) is rotatably embedded in the positioning flat cavity; a vertical rotating shaft (17) is rotatably supported in the two positioning holes B; a spur gear B (18) is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the vertical rotating shaft (17), and the spur gear B (18) meshes with the spur gear A (16); the vertical rotating shaft (1 7) is fixedly fitted with a bevel gear A (19) on the upper side; a transverse shaft (20) is rotatably supported in two support recesses (10.1); a bevel gear B (21) is fixedly fitted on the left side of the transverse shaft (20), and the bevel gear B (21) meshes with the bevel gear A (19); a cam (22) is fixedly fitted on the middle side of the transverse shaft (20); the cam (22) can separately squeeze the lower wall of the elastic bladder (2) on one hand, and separately squeeze the pressure sensor (12) on the other hand. A controller (23) is fixed inside a round cup-shaped housing; the input end of the controller (23) is connected to the output end of the pressure sensor (12); the output end of the controller (23) is connected to the control end of the drive motor (15); the controller (23) is bidirectionally connected to the touch screen (14).

2. The mechanical external ventricular assist device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic cone (24) is fixedly embedded in the catheter (4), and the elastic cone (24) is located between the blood inlet check valve (5) and the bleeding check valve (6); the thick end of the elastic cone (24) faces the end wall of the catheter (4).

3. The mechanical external ventricular assist device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rear positioning block (25) is fixed to the right side of the inner side of the arc-groove rear shell (7); a front positioning block (26) is fixed to the right side of the inner side of the arc-groove front shell (8); and the controller (23) is fixed to both the left side of the rear positioning block (25) and the left side of the front positioning block (26).

4. The mechanical external ventricular assist device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The touch screen (14) has two communication interfaces (14.1), and a heart rate probe (27) can be detachably plugged into one of the communication interfaces (14.1).

5. A mechanical external ventricular assist device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic capsule (2) is made of rubber.

6. A mechanical external ventricular assist device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the blood inlet check valve (5) and the bleeding check valve (6) are duckbill valves.

7. A mechanical external ventricular assist device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of spur gear B (18) is greater than the diameter of spur gear A (16).

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