Nozzle, device having a nozzle and method for manufacturing a nozzle

Abstract

The invention relates to a nozzle, a device with a nozzle and a method for producing a nozzle, in particular to a nozzle with a housing for fastening at a cylindrical opening, in particular at an end of a pipe, the housing having an exit opening with a swirl element arranged upstream of the exit opening, the invention relates to a rotational flow element comprising at least two flow guide surfaces which are arranged at least partially inclined with respect to a longitudinal center axis of a housing, the rotational flow element being fixed to the housing and comprising at least two fastening sections for fastening the rotational flow element to the housing, the fastening sections lying against the housing, and the flow guide surfaces being arranged at least partially inclined with respect to the longitudinal center axis of the housing. Each of the fastening sections is connected to one of the flow guide surfaces of the swirl element, the connection between the fastening section and the flow guide surface being arranged in the region of a section of the flow guide surface, which section is arranged at the upstream end of the swirl element.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a nozzle with a housing for fastening to a cylindrical opening, in particular at the end of a pipe, wherein the housing has an outlet opening and a swirl element arranged upstream of the outlet opening, the swirl element having at least two flow guide surfaces arranged at least partially inclined relative to the longitudinal center axis of the housing, wherein the swirl element is fixed to the housing and has at least two fastening sections for fastening the swirl element to the housing, wherein the fastening sections rest against the housing.

[0002] The invention further relates to a device having a nozzle according to the invention and a tube for conveying the liquid to be sprayed. The invention further relates to a method for producing a nozzle according to the invention. Background Art

[0003] German Utility Model DE 202019106713 U1 discloses a nozzle with a housing for fastening to the end of a tube. The housing has an outlet opening, and upstream of the outlet opening, a swirl element is arranged. The swirl element has two flow-guiding surfaces that are arranged at least partially inclined relative to the longitudinal center axis of the housing. The swirl element is fixed to the housing. To secure the swirl element, two fastening straps are provided, connected to the housing on one side and to the swirl element on the other side. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to improve a nozzle, a device having a nozzle, and a method for producing a nozzle.

[0005] For this purpose, the invention provides a nozzle having the features of claim 1, a device having the features of claim 25, or a method having the features of claim 26. Advantageous developments of the invention are mentioned in the corresponding dependent claims.

[0006] The nozzle according to the invention comprises a housing for fastening to a cylindrical opening, in particular at the end of a tube, wherein the housing has an outlet opening and a swirl element arranged upstream of the outlet opening, the swirl element having at least two flow-guiding surfaces arranged at least partially inclined relative to the longitudinal center axis of the housing. The swirl element is fixed to the housing. At least two fastening sections are provided for fastening the swirl element to the housing, said fastening sections being in contact with the housing. Each of the fastening sections is connected to one of the flow-guiding surfaces of the swirl element, wherein the connection between the fastening section and the flow-guiding surface is arranged in the region of the section of the flow-guiding surface that is arranged at the upstream end of the swirl element.

[0007] The flow-guiding surface and the fastening section are connected to each other in a region located at the upstream end of the swirl element, stabilizing the flow-guiding surface. During nozzle operation, flow forces act on the flow-guiding surface. Relatively high forces occur, particularly at the upstream end of the flow-guiding surface, as this is where the flow first strikes the flow-guiding surface. By arranging the connection between the fastening section and the flow-guiding surface in this region, the flow-guiding surface is stabilized, thereby stabilizing the swirl element and, in particular, ensuring significantly improved fatigue strength compared to conventional nozzles. In particular, vibrations of the flow-guiding surface are prevented.

[0008] In a refinement of the present invention, the fastening sections extend parallel to the longitudinal center axis and are connected to the housing, wherein each fastening section is connected to the housing on one side and to one of the flow-guiding surfaces of the swirl element on the other side. Arranging the fastening sections parallel to the longitudinal center axis ensures that they cause only low flow resistance. The fastening sections can be used to hold the flow-guiding surfaces relative to the housing. Each fastening section can be connected to one, two, or all flow-guiding surfaces of the swirl element, achieving a stable design of the swirl element with high fatigue resistance.

[0009] The swirl element is arranged outside the housing in at least some sections, so that the housing can be implemented to be significantly lighter and smaller. The inner wall of the tube into which the nozzle is inserted at its free end can be used as a swirl chamber. Therefore, due to the lighter weight of the nozzle and the shorter housing compared to a nozzle in which the swirl element is completely arranged within the housing, the tube is loaded with a smaller bending moment and generally a smaller mechanical load. As a result, the device with the nozzle and the tube is significantly less susceptible to vibrations and generally external forces. By constructing a shorter and lighter housing, the nozzle according to the present invention can be manufactured more cost-effectively than a conventional nozzle in which the swirl element is arranged within the housing. This is because the section of the housing that surrounds the swirl element and thus forms the swirl chamber, which is present in conventional nozzles, is completely eliminated.

[0010] In a development of the invention, the connection between the fastening section and the flow-guiding surface defines the swirl element and the upstream end of the fastening section.

[0011] Thus, a fastening section, in particular in the form of a long fastening strap, is connected to the corresponding flow-guiding surface at the upstream end of the swirl element, thereby achieving a compact and at the same time stable and durable arrangement.

[0012] In a development of the invention, the swirl element and the fastening section consist of a single plate part or of a plurality of plate parts connected to one another.

[0013] In this way, the swirl element can be produced cost-effectively and with low weight.

[0014] In a development of the invention, the swirl element and the fastening section consist of a plurality of plates connected to one another, wherein a first plate engages on the fastening section of a second plate, and wherein the second plate engages on the fastening section of the first plate.

[0015] The two plates thus form a stable joint, advantageously achieving the ultimate strength and stability of the swirl element only in the state connected to the housing. This simplifies the joining of the at least two plates, so that the at least two connected plates are still connected to each other with a gap. This gap is eliminated when the at least two plates are subsequently connected to the housing.

[0016] In a development of the invention, the first plate acts with the downstream end of the first flow guide surface on the fastening section of the second plate, and the second plate acts with the downstream end of the second flow guide surface on the fastening section of the first plate.

[0017] In this way, both the upstream and downstream ends of all flow guiding surfaces are connected to the fastening section, thereby stabilizing the flow guiding surfaces and, in particular, avoiding vibrations of the flow guiding surfaces, resulting in a very high fatigue strength.

[0018] In an improved embodiment of the present invention, the first flow guiding surface has a protrusion that engages in a matching opening at the second fastening section, in particular at the fastening section of the second plate, and the second flow guiding surface has a protrusion that engages in a matching opening at the first fastening section, in particular at the fastening section of the first plate.

[0019] By means of these mating protrusions and openings, the flow guiding surface and the fastening section can be connected to each other in a form-fitting manner. In particular, the protrusions and the mating openings are configured such that the flow guiding surface and the fastening section are connected with play but cannot be separated from each other. The flow guiding surface and the fastening section are not connected to each other in a fixed and gap-free manner until the swirl element with the at least two flow guiding surfaces is connected to the housing.

[0020] In a development of the invention, the projections are each designed in a rectangular shape, and the openings are each designed in a rectangular shape.

[0021] In a development of the invention, the first flow guiding surface acts with a section of the flow guiding surface arranged perpendicularly to the longitudinal center axis on the second fastening section, in particular the fastening section of the second plate.

[0022] In a development of the invention, the second flow guiding surface acts with a section of the flow guiding surface arranged perpendicularly to the longitudinal center axis on the first fastening section, in particular the fastening section of the first plate.

[0023] In a development of the invention, each of the fastening sections is connected to a section of the corresponding flow guiding surface which is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal center axis.

[0024] In a development of the invention, the two flow guiding surfaces are connected to one another in the region of the longitudinal center axis of the housing, viewed in the flow direction.

[0025] In this way, the swirl element can be designed to be extremely stable. In particular, each flow guiding surface is connected to the first fastening section, to the other flow guiding surface, and to the second fastening section. Thus, the flow guiding surface is stabilized at three points.

[0026] In a development of the invention, the two flow guiding surfaces each have a U-shaped recess in the region of the longitudinal center axis of the housing, wherein the U-shaped recess of the first flow guiding surface engages the U-shaped recess of the second flow guiding surface.

[0027] In a development of the invention, the base of each of the fastening sections is fastened to the housing in a form-fitting manner.

[0028] The swirl element is secured to the housing by a positive fit at the fastening section, which provides strength in conjunction with the housing. At least one positive fit is provided in the axial direction, i.e., in the direction of flow through the outlet opening of the housing and opposite to this direction of flow.

[0029] In a development of the invention, the form-fit connection is formed by means of a fold.

[0030] In particular, the form-fit connection is formed by crimping the flange of the housing onto the base of the fastening section, or the base of each of the fastening sections. This crimping not only creates a reliable connection, but also eliminates the need for material-fitting methods such as soldering or welding. This significantly improves the corrosion resistance of the nozzle according to the present invention. The crimping also allows the use of materials that are not solderable or weldable, particularly materials that cannot be soldered or welded to one another.

[0031] In a development of the invention, the housing has a circumferential collar at its upstream end, which is folded radially inward at least in sections and thereby fixes the base of the fastening section to the housing.

[0032] By means of the circumferential collar, which is folded radially inwards at least in sections, the base of the fastening section can be fixed to the housing securely and at the same time in a simple manner.

[0033] In a development of the invention, the housing has a circumferential shoulder, in particular a circumferential shoulder adjoining the circumferential flange, against which the fastening section, in particular a bottom part of the fastening section, rests in sections.

[0034] In this way, it is possible to achieve axial fixing of the bottom in two axial directions, i.e. in the flow direction through the nozzle and in the opposite direction of the flow through the nozzle. Thus, it is also possible to achieve axial fixing against the force exerted by the liquid flowing through the nozzle.

[0035] In a development of the invention, the two fastening sections each have in the region of their downstream ends at least one base extending perpendicularly and / or concentrically to the longitudinal center axis of the housing, wherein the base is at least partially fixed to the housing.

[0036] A base extending perpendicularly and / or concentrically with respect to the longitudinal center axis of the housing significantly simplifies the fastening of the fastening section and thus also the swirl element to the housing.

[0037] In a development of the invention, the base is locked to the housing only in the axial direction, in particular by means of a fold.

[0038] As a result, the fastening of the base is significantly simplified and, in particular, can be carried out without material-bonding methods, ie, without welding and / or soldering.

[0039] In a development of the invention, each of the bases forms an arc, wherein the arc extends over an angle of 45° to 180°.

[0040] In this way, the base can abut against a matching recess of the housing and thus be securely fastened to the housing.

[0041] In a development of the invention, the bottom is fixed in the housing under radial preload.

[0042] The swirl element is composed, in particular, of two plates, which can be inseparably fixed to one another but are connected to one another with play before being fastened to the housing. The two plates are fixed to one another in a manner that prevents movement relative to one another and also relative to the housing only by inserting the base into the housing under radial preload.

[0043] In a development of the invention, the free end of at least one base engages one of the fastening sections or the other base.

[0044] In this way, in the assembled state of the swirl element, a very stable arrangement is achieved in the joint.

[0045] In a development of the present invention, the free end of the base connected to the first fastening section engages below the end of the other fastening section or below the base connected to the other fastening section.

[0046] In this way, the bases of the two fastening sections can act on each other and thus stabilize the swirl element as a whole.

[0047] In a development of the invention, at least two plate parts are provided and are designed to be identical to one another.

[0048] The object of the invention is also achieved by a device with a nozzle according to the invention and with a pipe for conveying the liquid to be sprayed, wherein the nozzle is fastened to the end of the pipe and wherein the swirl element is arranged at least in sections within the pipe.

[0049] In this way, the housing can be constructed shorter and lighter than in the case of nozzles in which the swirl element is arranged in the housing.The swirl chamber is then formed by the inner wall of the tube and the swirl element arranged in the end section of the tube.

[0050] The object of the invention is also achieved by a method for producing a nozzle according to the invention, in which provision is made for the swirl element and / or the fastening section to be inserted into a receptacle on the housing.

[0051] In a development of the invention, the swirl element and / or the fastening section are fastened to the housing.

[0052] This fastening can be achieved by crimping, screwing, soldering, clinching, welding, pressing in, etc., in a form-fitting and / or materially bonding and / or frictionally locking manner.

[0053] In a development of the invention, it is provided that the two plate parts are connected or snapped together and that the plate parts connected together are subsequently inserted into receptacles on the housing.

[0054] In a development of the invention, it is provided that the swirl element and / or the fastening section are fastened to the housing by means of a fold.

[0055] By means of crimping, a reliable connection can be produced on the one hand and, on the other hand, this connection can also be produced cost-effectively and fully automatically.

[0056] In a development of the invention, it is provided that the flange of the housing is folded over at least sections onto sections of the swirl element and / or the fastening section, in particular onto the base of the fastening section, in order to fix the plate axially on the housing.

[0057] In an improved embodiment of the present invention, two plates are provided, wherein the two plates are connected or snapped together by inserting a U-shaped recess on the first plate into a U-shaped recess on the second plate, by inserting a protrusion on the first plate into an opening in the fastening section of the second plate, and by inserting a protrusion on the second plate into the opening in the fastening section of the first plate.

[0058] The two plates are thus very reliably connected to one another. In particular, each flow guiding surface is connected to the first fastening section on one side and to the second fastening section on the other side, and furthermore, the two flow guiding surfaces are also connected to one another.

[0059] In a development of the invention, the two plates are connected or latched together in such a way that they are locked to one another in a limited but non-lost manner so as to be movable relative to one another.

[0060] Capturing the two plates together before they are connected to the housing significantly simplifies the handling of the swirl element or the two plates during the production of the nozzle according to the invention. Only after the two plates or the swirl element have been connected to the housing are the two plates immovably fixed relative to each other and to the housing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] Further features and advantages of the present invention are apparent from the claims and the following description of preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0062] Figure 1 shows a view of the nozzle according to the invention viewed obliquely from above,

[0063] Figure 2 Shown from below Figure 1 View of the nozzle,

[0064] Figure 3 Shown Figure 1 Side view of the nozzle,

[0065] Figure 4 Shown from above Figure 1 View of the nozzle,

[0066] Figure 5 Shows the corresponding Figure 4 A view of a finite element, where multiple cross sections are drawn.

[0067] Figure 6 Shown Figure 1 Another side view of the nozzle, where Figure 6 China is relative to Figure 3The nozzle is presented by rotating 90° around the longitudinal center axis.

[0068] Figure 7 Shows the direction Figure 5 The view observed from section AA in

[0069] Figure 8 Shows the direction Figure 5 The view of the cross section BB in the

[0070] Figure 9 Shows the direction Figure 5 The view of the cross section CC in the

[0071] Figure 10 Shows the direction Figure 5 The view of the cross section DD in the

[0072] Figures 11 to 20 Shown Figure 1 The nozzle corresponds to Figures 1 to 10 , in which the swirl element has only been inserted into the housing but has not yet been positively locked thereto,

[0073] Figure 21 Shows only the Figure 1 A view of the nozzle housing,

[0074] Figure 22 Shown is a view from above Figure 21 A view of the housing,

[0075] Figure 23 Shown from above Figure 21 A view of the housing,

[0076] Figure 24 Shown from below Figure 21 A view of the housing,

[0077] Figure 25 Shown Figure 21 A first side view of the housing,

[0078] Figure 26 Shown Figure 25 A second side view of the housing, wherein the Figure 26 The middle shell relative to Figure 25 The diagram in the figure is rotated 90°.

[0079] Figure 27 Shows the direction Figure 26 The view of the cross section CC in the

[0080] Figure 28 Shows the direction Figure 25The view of the cross section DD in the

[0081] Figures 29 to 36 Shows the corresponding Figures 21 to 28 wherein the fold is introduced into the surrounding flange of the housing,

[0082] Figures 37 to 46 Shown Figure 1 Different views of one of the plates of the swirl element of the nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0083] Figure 1 The nozzle 10 according to the invention is shown with a housing 12 and a swirl element 14. The swirl element 14 comprises a first plate 16 and a second plate 18, which are connected to one another and to the housing 12. The swirl element 14 is connected to the housing 12 in a form-fitting manner. For this purpose, a total of four folds 22 are provided on the flange 20 of the housing 12, Figure 1 Only three of them can be seen in FIG. At each of the folds 22, the flange 20 is Figure 1 The upper end section of the swirl element 14 is folded onto the bottom of one of the sheet metal parts 16 , 18 of the swirl element 14 . By means of the fold 22 , the two sheet metal parts 16 , 18 and thus also the swirl element 14 are fixed to the housing 12 in a form-fitting manner.

[0084] It should be understood that the fold 22 is completely sufficient for securely fastening the swirl element 14 to the housing 12. In particular, it is not necessary to connect the two sheet metal parts 16, 18 to each other or to the housing by means of a material-bonding method such as soldering or welding.

[0085] Advantageously, the plates 16, 18 and the housing 12 are made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel. This eliminates the need for brazing or welding, resulting in a very high corrosion resistance of the nozzle 10.

[0086] Figure 2 The view from below, ie opposite to the outflow direction from the outlet opening 24 of the housing 12, is shown. Figure 1 10. A section of the swirl element 14 can be seen through the exit opening 24.

[0087] Figure 3 Shown Figure 1 The swirl element 14 is secured by means of two fastening sections 26, 28 (at Figure 3 Only the fastening section 28 can be seen in the figure) is connected to the housing 12. The fastening sections 26, 28 are connected by means of the folded portion 22, see Figure 1 .

[0088] Figure 4 The outflow from above, ie during operation, through the outlet opening 24 is shown (see Figure 2 ) observed in the direction of liquid flow Figure 1 . In this view, the plate 18 can be seen in the upper half of the housing 12, and the second plate 16 in the lower half, which together form the swirl element 14. This view also shows that the two plates 16, 18 are connected to each other in the region of the longitudinal center axis of the housing 12. To this end, the two plates 16, 18 are each provided with a U-shaped recess 30, wherein the two U-shaped recesses 30 are inserted into each other.

[0089] Figure 5 Shown Figure 1 The nozzle 10 corresponds to Figure 4 , wherein a total of four sections AA, BB, CC and DD are drawn for clarification purposes.

[0090] Figure 7 Shows the direction Figure 5 AA in the figure, wherein the end of the tube 32 is also shown, through which the liquid to be sprayed can be conveyed. It can be seen that the housing 12 is screwed into the end of the tube 32. The tube 32 is only shown schematically here. Figure 7 As can be seen in FIG, housing 12 is screwed into a mating internal thread at the end of tube 32. Swirl element 14 is arranged in sections outside housing 12, and the inner wall of tube 32 forms a swirl chamber in which swirl element 14 is arranged. Swirl element 14 has two flow guiding surfaces 34 and 36. Flow guiding surface 34 forms part of first plate 18, and flow guiding surface 36 forms part of first plate 16.

[0091] exist Figure 7 As can already be seen in FIG, the plates 16, 18 each have a bottom section 38, wherein Figure 7 Only one of the bottom sections 38 can be seen in the figure. The bottom section 38 rests on the inner side of the circumferential flange 20 of the housing 12, and as already described, the flange 20 is folded onto the bottom 38 at the fold 22 to fix the bottom 38 to the housing 12.

[0092] according to Figure 7It can also be seen that there is only a very small distance between the radially outer outer edges of the flow guide surfaces 34, 36 and the inner wall of the tube 32. As a result, the liquid to be sprayed, which is conveyed through the tube 32, must mostly flow past the flow guide surfaces 34, 36, and only a very small portion can flow between the inner wall of the tube 32 and the outer edges of the flow guide surfaces 34, 36. As a result, only a very small portion of the liquid to be sprayed, which is conveyed through the tube 32, is not set in rotation about the longitudinal center axis 40 of the nozzle 10 by means of the swirl element 14, wherein Figure 7 In the device presented in FIG. 1 with the nozzle 10 and the tube 32 , the longitudinal center axes of the nozzle 10 and the tube 32 coincide.

[0093] and Figures 1 to 6 Combined, from Figure 7 The construction of the swirl element 14 can be seen in FIG. The flow guide surface 34 is formed by means of the second plate 18 and the flow guide surface 36 is formed by means of the first plate 16. The two flow guide surfaces 34, 36 each have a Figure 7 The first sections 34a, 36a (indicated by the arrows above the tube 32 in the figure) are arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal center axis 40 and, therefore, also perpendicular to the flow direction. The first sections 34a, 36a each transition into a second section 34b, 36b, which may also be referred to as an intermediate section. Sections 34b, 36b are each inclined 45° relative to the longitudinal center axis 40. Third sections 34c, 36c each connect to the second sections 34b, 36b, again arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal center axis 40. The first section 34a of the flow-guiding surface 34 is integrally connected to the fastening section 26 of the first plate 18. The first section 36a is connected to the fastening section 28 of the first plate 16. The first sections 34a, 36a are each bent at a right angle relative to the fastening sections 26, 28. The flow guiding surfaces 34 , 36 are each connected to the housing 12 by means of fastening sections 26 , 28 , which can also be referred to as fastening straps.

[0094] As already explained, the two flow guiding surfaces 34, 36 are connected to one another in the region of the second sections 34b, 36b, see Figure 4 For this purpose, as already explained, the flow guiding surfaces 34 , 36 each have a U-shaped recess 30 , and the U-shaped recesses are inserted into one another, so that the flow guiding surfaces 34 , 36 then hook into one another and are connected to one another.

[0095] from Figure 7 It can also be seen that when viewed in the flow direction, Figure 7From top to bottom, the housing 12 has an inlet chamber, a constriction following the inlet chamber, and an outlet channel following the constriction. The inlet channel narrows in the direction of flow, the constriction has a substantially constant diameter, and the outlet channel widens in the direction of flow. The constriction has a rounded transition at the transition between the inlet chamber and the constriction. The transition region can also be configured with chamfers. Aside from the transition region, the constriction is cylindrical.

[0096] At its upstream starting point, the inner wall of the inlet chamber is arranged parallel to the longitudinal center axis 40. As the inlet chamber continues to extend, the inner wall then curves concavely, in the embodiment presented, in the shape of a circular arc. At the downstream end of the inlet chamber, the inner wall of the inlet chamber is arranged at an angle of approximately 45° to the longitudinal center axis and then transitions into the transition region of the constriction. At the upstream starting point of the outlet channel, the inner wall of the outlet channel is aligned with the inner wall of the constriction. Thus, in the embodiment presented, at the upstream starting point of the outlet channel, the inner wall of the outlet channel is arranged parallel to the longitudinal center axis 40. As the outlet channel continues to extend, the widening outlet channel has convexly curved walls. In the embodiment presented, the cross-section of the outlet channel is circular and has a circular arc-shaped profile in the flow direction. In cross-section, the outlet channel may also have a trumpet-shaped profile. Within the scope of the present invention, the outlet channel may also widen hyperbolically, exponentially, or according to a free form.

[0097] An outlet opening is arranged at the downstream end of the outlet channel. The outlet opening is limited by a circumferential separating edge. Figure 7 The separating edge is formed by two surfaces that converge at an angle of 90° or slightly less than 90° when viewed in cross section. The separating edge ensures that no liquid aggregates in the form of larger droplets or deposits are formed at the edge of the exit opening. The separating edge is surrounded by an impact protection surface, wherein the impact protection surface is arranged radially outside the separating edge. Viewed in the flow direction, the impact protection surface protrudes slightly relative to the separating edge. Thus, for example, when the nozzle 10 is transported, the nozzle 10 is used in Figure 7 When the front side of the housing 12 at the bottom is placed on a surface, the separation edge can be protected from damage by means of the impact protection surface. Figure 7 The impact protection surface also prevents, for example, an assembler from accidentally touching the separating edge 58 with a tool and thereby damaging the separating edge 58 .

[0098] Within the scope of the present invention, the inner contours of the aforementioned inlet chamber, the constriction, and the outlet channel, which widens in the direction of flow, can be modified. For example, the inlet chamber can be configured as a truncated cone, as can the outlet channel. In the embodiment presented, the inlet chamber, the constriction, and the outlet channel are each circular when viewed in a cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal center axis 40. Within the scope of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the outlet channel, when viewed perpendicular to the longitudinal center axis 40, can differ from a circular shape. For example, the outlet channel can transition from a circular constriction when viewed in cross-section to an elliptical or oval outlet opening or one formed according to a free-form shape. This allows the exiting jet to be shaped.

[0099] Figure 8 The diagram shows the direction of Figure 5 The view of the cross section BB in the figure. Figure 8 It can be seen in FIG that the bottom 38 is fastened to the housing 12 in a positive-locking manner by means of the bead 22 , and the other bottom 48 is likewise fastened to the housing 12 in a positive-locking manner by means of the bead 22 .

[0100] Figures 11 to 19 The nozzle 10 is shown corresponding to Figures 1 to 10 A view of which, unlike Figures 1 to 10 ,exist Figures 11 to 20 In the embodiment, the folded portion 22 is not yet provided at the flange 20 of the housing 12. Figures 11 to 20 Shown in the manufacture according to Figure 1 The intermediate step of the nozzle is to connect the two plates 16, 18 to each other. According to this intermediate step, the two plates 16, 18 are already connected to each other and, in the connected state, are inserted into a circumferential recess of the housing 12, which is arranged radially within the flange 20. As a result, the two bases 38, 48 of the plates 16, 18 are accommodated in the recess of the housing 12 under radial preload. Figures 11 to 20 In the state of , the swirl element 14 is already securely fixed to the housing 12 . Subsequently, by introducing the fold 22 , the swirl element 14 is connected to the housing 12 in a form-fitting manner.

[0101] according to Figure 8 and 18 It can be seen that the bottom 38 of the first plate 16 snaps into place below the fastening section 26 of the second plate 18. Figure 8 and 18 In the embodiment, this area is respectively designated by reference numeral 50. When the swirl element 14 with the two plates 16, 18 is pressed, pressed or pushed into the circumferential recess of the housing 12, the bottom 38 is Figure 8 and 18The engagement at the right end of the fastening section 26 in the housing 12 and the corresponding engagement of the bottom 48 at the lower end of the fastening section 28 of the other plate 16 ensure that the bottoms 38, 48 can be pressed, pressed or pushed into the recess in the housing 12. Figure 8 and 18 In FIG. 1 , the swirl element 14 is inserted from left to right into the housing 12 . The engagement in the region 50 then ensures that the bottoms 38 , 48 do not bend but can be inserted into the recess in the housing 12 .

[0102] Figures 21 to 28 Different views of the housing 12 are shown. It should be understood that Figures 21 to 28 In the state, the flange 20 of the shell 12 has not been folded. Figures 21 to 28 The housing 12 is shown in the state during the production of the nozzle 10 before the swirl element 14 with the two plate parts 16 , 18 is inserted into the housing 12 .

[0103] from Figure 27 and 28 The housing recess 52 can be seen, which is located radially inside the flange 20 and which is located in the axial direction, i.e. in the Figure 27 and 28 The swirl element 14 is limited downwardly by the shoulder 54. When the swirl element 14 is inserted into the recess 52, the bases 38, 48 of the plates 16, 18 are pushed, pressed or pressed into the recess 52 in the axial direction until the bases 38, 48 abut against the shoulder 54. As a result, the relative position of the two plates 16, 18 and thus also the swirl element 14 relative to the housing is precisely defined.

[0104] The bases 38 , 48 each have an arcuate shape and are inserted into the recess 52 with radial preload.

[0105] Figures 29 to 36 Shows the corresponding Figures 21 to 28 A view of the housing 12. Different from Figures 21 to 28 , according to Figures 29 to 36 In the state, the housing 12 is already provided with the folded portion 22. Figures 29 to 36 This serves only for clarification purposes, since the bead 22 is introduced only after the swirl element 14 has been inserted.

[0106] For example, in Figure 30 In FIG. 1 , it can be clearly seen that the flange 20 of the housing 12 is only Figure 30The upper end section of the flange 20 is folded radially inwards by 90°. This is done at four locations of the upper edge of the flange 20 that are each spaced 90° apart from one another. Surprisingly, folding at four locations of the flange 20 that are each spaced 90° apart from one another is sufficient to securely and form-fittingly hold the swirl element 14 in the circumferential recess 52 of the housing with the base 38, 48. Figure 30 In the embodiment, the fold 20 produced by the folding only needs to lock the bottom 38, 48 upward, ie in the axial direction opposite to the flow direction. When viewed in the flow direction, the bottom 38, 48 is fixed by means of the shoulder 54 of the recess 52.

[0107] Figures 37 to 46 Different views of the first plate 16 of the swirl element 14 are shown. The second plate 18 is constructed identically to the first plate 16.

[0108] The first plate 16 has a fastening section 26 which is fastened at its Figure 37 The upper end of the nozzle is connected to the first flow surface 36 by means of a right-angle bend. The first flow surface 36 has a first section 36a. Figure 1 ), the first section 36a is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal center axis 40 of the nozzle. The first section 36a transitions into the second section 36b, which is arranged at a 45° angle to the longitudinal center axis 40. The third section 36c of the flow guide surface 36 is then again arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal center axis 40. A U-shaped recess 30 is arranged in the second section 36b, which is then inserted into a corresponding U-shaped recess in the other plate 18.

[0109] On the third section 36c, a rectangular projection 60 can be seen, which is inserted into a matching rectangular recess on the fastening section 28 of the second plate 18, see Figure 1 The fastening section 26 of the first plate 16 also has a rectangular recess 62 , into which the projection of the flow guide surface 34 of the second plate 18 is then inserted.

[0110] exist Figure 37 It can also be seen that the bottom 38 of the first plate 16 protrudes vertically from the fastening section 26 and has an arcuate shape. It can also be seen that the free end of the bottom is provided with a protrusion 64, which can be snapped into the fastening section of the second plate 18 (not shown). Figure 37 Thus, the projection 64 engages under the notch at the fastening section of the second plate 18, and the projection at the bottom 48 of the second plate 18 snaps into the notch 66 of the fastening section 26 of the first plate 16. Thus, when the swirl element with two plates 16, 18 is inserted into the recess 52 on the housing 12 (see Figure 28 ) until the bottom of 38,48 Figure 37 When the lower edge of the bottom 38, 48 abuts against the shoulder 54 of the recess 52 in the housing 12, the free ends of the bottoms 38, 48 are axially aligned, i.e. Figure 37 The opposite upward movement is locked.

[0111] After the swirl element 14 with the two plate parts 16 , 18 has been inserted into the recess 52 in the housing 12 , the flange 20 is subsequently folded over onto the base 38 , 48 at four locations, thereby producing the folds 22 , see FIG. Figure 30 and Figures 1 to 10 As a result, the bottoms 38 , 48 are positively locked against being pulled out of the housing 12 counter to the flow direction.

Claims

1. A nozzle with a housing for fastening to a cylindrical opening, in particular to the end of a tube, wherein: The housing has an outlet opening, with a swirl element arranged upstream of the outlet opening, the swirl element having at least two flow guiding surfaces arranged at least partially inclined relative to the longitudinal center axis of the housing, wherein the swirl element is fixed to the housing and has at least two fastening sections for fastening the swirl element to the housing, wherein the fastening sections are in contact with the housing, characterized in that each of the fastening sections is connected to one of the flow guiding surfaces of the swirl element, wherein the connection between the fastening sections and the flow guiding surfaces is arranged in the region of a section of the flow guiding surface, namely, the section is arranged at the upstream end of the swirl element.

2. The nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that The fastening sections extend parallel to the longitudinal center axis and are connected to the housing, wherein each fastening section is connected on one side to the housing and on the other side to at least one of the flow guiding surfaces of the swirl element.

3. The nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The connection between the fastening section and the flow guiding surface defines the swirl element and the upstream end of the fastening section.

4. A nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The swirl element and the fastening section consist of a single plate part or of a plurality of plate parts connected to one another.

5. A nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The swirl element and the fastening section consist of a plurality of plates connected to one another, wherein a first plate acts on a fastening section of a second plate, and wherein the second plate acts on a fastening section of the first plate.

6. The nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that The first plate acts with the downstream end of the first flow guiding surface on the fastening section of the second plate, and the second plate acts with the downstream end of the second flow guiding surface on the fastening section of the first plate.

7. A nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The first flow guiding surface has a protrusion which engages in a matching opening at a second fastening section, in particular at a fastening section of the second plate, and the second flow guiding surface has a protrusion which engages in a matching opening at a first fastening section, in particular at a fastening section of the first plate.

8. The nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that The projections are each configured in a rectangular shape, and the openings are each configured in a rectangular shape.

9. A nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that The first flow guiding surface acts with a section of the flow guiding surface which is arranged perpendicularly to the longitudinal center axis on a second fastening section, in particular a fastening section of the second plate.

10. A nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that The second flow guiding surface acts with a section of the flow guiding surface which is arranged perpendicularly to the longitudinal center axis on a first fastening section, in particular a fastening section of the first plate.

11. A nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that Each of the fastening sections is connected to a section of the respective flow guiding surface which is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal center axis.

12. A nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that The two flow guiding surfaces are connected to one another in the region of a longitudinal center axis of the housing, viewed in the flow direction.

13. The nozzle according to claim 12, characterized in that In the region of the longitudinal center axis of the housing, the two flow guiding surfaces each have a U-shaped recess, wherein the U-shaped recess of the first flow guiding surface engages into the U-shaped recess of the second flow guiding surface.

14. A nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that The base of each of the fastening sections is fastened to the housing in a form-fitting manner.

15. The nozzle according to claim 14, characterized in that The form fit is formed by means of the fold.

16. The nozzle according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that The housing has, at its upstream end, a circumferential collar which is folded radially inward at least in sections and thereby fixes the base of the fastening section to the housing.

17. A nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that The housing has a circumferential shoulder, in particular a circumferential shoulder adjoining the circumferential flange, against which the fastening section, in particular a base section of the fastening section, rests.

18. A nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that The two fastening sections each have in the region of their downstream ends at least one base extending perpendicularly and / or concentrically to the longitudinal center axis of the housing, wherein the base is at least partially fastened to the housing.

19. The nozzle according to claim 18, characterized in that The base is locked to the housing only in the axial direction, in particular by means of a fold.

20. The nozzle according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that Each of the bases forms an arcuate portion, wherein the arcuate portion extends over an angle of 45 to 180 degrees.

21. The nozzle according to claim 20, characterized in that The base is fixed in the housing under radial preload.

22. The nozzle according to any one of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that The free end of at least one base engages on one of the fastening sections or on the other base.

23. The nozzle according to claim 22, characterized in that The free end of the bottom portion connected to the first fastening section is engaged under the end of another fastening section, or engaged under the bottom portion connected to another fastening section.

24. The nozzle according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that At least two plates are provided and are configured identically to one another.

25. A device with a nozzle according to at least one of the preceding claims and with a tube for conveying the liquid to be sprayed, wherein: The nozzle is fastened at the end of the tube, and the swirl element is arranged at least in sections within the tube.

26. A method for producing a nozzle according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The swirl element and / or the fastening section is inserted into a receptacle on the housing.

27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that The swirl element and / or the fastening section are fastened to the housing.

28. The method according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that The two sheet metal parts are connected or snapped together and the sheet metal parts connected to each other are subsequently inserted into the receptacles on the housing.

29. The method according to claim 26, 27 or 28, characterized in that The swirl element and / or the fastening section are fixed to the housing by means of a crimp.

30. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that The flange of the housing is crimped at least partially onto sections of the swirl element and / or the fastening section, in particular onto the base of the fastening section, in order to fix the sheet metal part axially on the housing.

31. The method according to any one of claims 26 to 30, wherein: Two plates are provided, characterized in that the two plates are connected or snapped together by inserting a U-shaped recess on the first plate into a U-shaped recess on the second plate, by inserting a protrusion on the first plate into an opening in a fastening section of the second plate, and by inserting a protrusion on the second plate into an opening in the fastening section of the first plate.

32. The method according to claim 31, characterized in that The two plates are connected or snapped together in such a way that they are locked to one another in a limited manner so as to be movable relative to one another but not to be lost.

Images