Electrochemical device, in particular fuel cell device
By designing cylindrical and conical shell components and catalyst components in fuel cell devices, and using deep-drawing and shape-locking connections, the maintenance-friendly problem in the prior art is solved, and the rapid catalyst components are achieved The stability and reliability of the replacement and structure improve the overall performance of the fuel cell device.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410852948.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2023-06-29
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-28
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-31
AI Technical Summary
The maintenance of the existing fuel cell devices is unfriendly, the catalyst components are difficult to replace, and the structure is not tight and stable enough.
The casing component and a catalyst member with a cylindrical and conical configuration are designed, which is replaced by a medium guide unit, and a tight and stable configuration is achieved through a deep draw and a shape-locking connection, and through Seals and threaded connections improve reliability and simplify replacement.
It improves the maintenance friendliness of the fuel cell device, realizes rapid and simple replacement of the catalyst components, enhances the stability and reliability of the structure, and simplifies accessibility.
Smart Images
Figure CN119230892A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to an electrochemical device, in particular a fuel cell device, comprising a medium conducting unit and a reformer. Background Art
[0002] Document DE 10 2021 214 810 A1 discloses an electrochemical device, in particular a fuel cell device, having a medium conducting unit and a reformer. Summary of the invention
[0003] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantage that the reformer comprises a housing part and a catalyst component, wherein the housing part is mounted on the medium guide unit and wherein the catalyst component is arranged so as to be replaceable, thereby increasing the ease of maintenance.
[0004] Advantageous embodiments can be achieved by the invention. It is therefore advantageous if the housing part has a cylindrical section and / or a conical section, whereby advantageous effects can be achieved.
[0005] It is also advantageous if the catalytic converter component comprises a catalytic converter housing, in particular of cylindrical design, which preferably corresponds to the housing part, and / or comprises catalytic converter material, whereby advantageous effects can also be achieved.
[0006] It is also advantageous if the medium guiding unit comprises at least one deep-drawn part, wherein the housing part, in particular a cylindrical section of the housing part, is mounted, preferably welded, to the at least one deep-drawn part. As a result, a compact design can be achieved.
[0007] Advantageously, the reformer, in particular the housing part and / or the catalytic converter component, is designed in such a way that the housing part, in particular a cylindrical section of the housing part, can accommodate the catalytic converter component, thereby making a stable design possible.
[0008] It is also advantageous if the reformer, in particular the housing part and / or the catalyst component, is designed in such a way that the catalyst component can be inserted, preferably inserted, into the housing part, in particular the cylindrical section of the housing part, in particular from the side facing the medium guide unit, thereby enabling particularly simple and rapid replacement of the catalyst component.
[0009] It is also advantageous if the housing part comprises a stop for the catalytic converter component, in particular if a conical cross section of the housing part acts as a stop for the catalytic converter component, thereby making it possible to simplify the insertion of the catalytic converter component into the housing part.
[0010] It is also advantageous if the catalytic converter component, in particular the catalytic converter housing, is fixed to the medium guide unit, in particular to the at least one deep-drawn part, preferably by means of a positive connection, thereby making it possible to additionally increase the stability.
[0011] It is particularly advantageous if the catalyst component, in particular the catalyst housing and / or the medium guide unit, in particular at least one deep-drawn part, has means for fixing, in particular for a positive connection, preferably for a screw connection, in particular tabs and / or threads. This allows a particularly stable design to be achieved.
[0012] It is also advantageous if the medium conducting device has a passage, in particular one that can be opened and / or closed, for conducting the catalytic converter component through, thereby making simplified accessibility possible.
[0013] It is particularly advantageous if the medium guide unit comprises at least one planar plate, wherein the aperture is formed in the planar plate. This allows a configuration with particularly advantageous accessibility to be achieved.
[0014] It is particularly advantageous if the medium guiding unit has a cover for closing the aperture, wherein in particular a seal is arranged between the cover and the medium guiding unit, preferably a flat plate. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly reliable design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are schematically shown in the drawings and explained in detail in the following description. The drawings show:
[0016] Figure 1 : Schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of an electrochemical device,
[0017] Figure 2 : Figure 1 A perspective view of an embodiment of a portion of an electrochemical device,
[0018] Figure 3 : Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a portion of an electrochemical device,
[0019] Figure 4 : Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a portion of an electrochemical device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] exist Figure 1 , a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of an electrochemical device 1 is shown. An “electrochemical device” is understood to mean, in particular, a device which is configured to convert chemical energy into electrical energy and vice versa. An electrochemical device may be, for example, a fuel cell system which is particularly capable of converting a fuel, such as hydrogen, into electrical energy or an electrolysis cell device which is capable of converting electrical energy into chemical energy, preferably for storage.
[0021] exist Figure 1The embodiment of the electrochemical device 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a fuel cell device 10. Therefore, the present invention currently explains the example of the fuel cell device 10 shown in more detail, but is not limited thereto.
[0022] The fuel cell device 10 comprises two fuel cell units 12. In the embodiment shown, the fuel cell unit 12 is implemented as a fuel cell stack 13 having a plurality of fuel cells. In this case, the fuel cell is a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Alternatively, the fuel cell may also be a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) or a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC).
[0023] In addition, the fuel cell device 10 comprises a plurality of processing units 14. A "processing unit" is currently understood to be a unit or component of the fuel cell device 10, which is not a fuel cell unit 12 or a fuel cell and / or a fuel cell stack. In particular, the processing unit 14 is used for pre-processing and / or post-processing, preferably chemically and / or thermally, at least one medium to be converted and / or converted in the fuel cell unit, such as fuel B, RB, air L and / or exhaust gas A, AA. Preferably, the processing unit 14 is a reformer 26, a supplementary burner 28 and / or a heat exchanger 36, 38, 44.
[0024] In the exemplary embodiment shown, for example, during normal operation, air L is supplied to the cathode chambers 20 of the fuel cell units 12 via the air supply device 16, while reformed fuel RB, in the present case hydrogen, is supplied to the anode chambers 22. In the fuel cell units 12, the reformed fuel RB is electrochemically converted by the interaction of oxygen from the air L, generating electric current and heat.
[0025] Here, the fuel cell device 10 comprises a processing unit 14, in the illustrated case a reformer 26. The reformer 26 is configured to electrochemically convert the fuel RB, in the illustrated case a natural gas containing methane (CH4), which is supplied to the fuel cell device 10 via the fuel supply device 24 into a reformed fuel RB, in the illustrated case a mixture containing hydrogen (H2), in the fuel cell unit 12.
[0026] Furthermore, the fuel cell unit 12 is connected on the exhaust gas side to a further treatment unit 14, in the present case to a supplementary burner 28. The exhaust gas of the fuel cell unit 12 is supplied to the supplementary burner 28, in the present case cathode exhaust gas KA via a cathode exhaust gas guide 30 and part of the anode exhaust gas AA via an anode exhaust gas guide 32. The cathode exhaust gas KA contains unconsumed air L or unconsumed oxygen, while the anode exhaust gas AA may contain unconverted reformed fuel RB and / or possibly unreformed fuel B. With the aid of the supplementary burner 28, the anode exhaust gas AA or the unconverted reformed fuel RB contained therein and / or the unreformed fuel B contained therein are burned together with the oxygen in the cathode exhaust gas KA or in the air L contained therein.
[0027] The hot exhaust gas A formed during the combustion in the post-burner 28 is discharged from the post-burner 28 via an exhaust gas guide 34 and via a further treatment unit 14, in the present case via a heat exchanger 36. The heat exchanger 36 is in turn fluidically connected to the reformer 26, so that heat can be transferred from the hot exhaust gas A to the fuel B supplied to the reformer 26. The heat of the hot exhaust gas A can thus be used to reform the fuel B supplied in the reformer 26.
[0028] In addition, a further treatment unit 14, in the present case a further heat exchanger 38, is located in the exhaust gas conducting device 34 downstream of the heat exchanger 36. The heat exchanger 38 is here again fluidically connected to the air supply device 16, so that the residual heat of the hot exhaust gas A can be transferred to the air L supplied in the air supply device 16. The residual heat of the hot exhaust gas can thus be used to preheat the air L supplied in the air supply device 16.
[0029] Furthermore, the fuel cell system 10 has a recirculation device 40, by means of which a part of the anode exhaust gas AA can be branched off from the anode exhaust gas line 32 and supplied to a recirculation line 42 forming a recirculation loop 40. In this case, the branched off anode exhaust gas AA passes through a further treatment unit 14, in the present case a further heat exchanger 44.
[0030] By means of the recirculation loop 40 or the recirculation line 42, the branched part of the anode exhaust gas AA can be led back or resupplied to the corresponding anode chamber 22 of the fuel cell unit 12 and / or the reformer 26, so that the unconverted reformed fuel RB that may be contained in the branched anode exhaust gas AA can then be converted in the fuel cell unit 12 and / or the unreformed fuel B that may be contained in the branched anode exhaust gas AA can then be reformed in the reformer 26. The efficiency of the fuel cell device 10 can thereby be further increased. In addition, the fresh fuel B can be mixed into the branched anode exhaust gas AA that is recirculated in the recirculation loop 40 via the fuel supply line 24. By means of a further heat exchanger 44, the heat from the branched anode exhaust gas AA can then be transferred from the return line 38 to the fuel mixture formed in the recirculation loop 40 by mixing the fresh fuel B for heat production.
[0031] The supply of air L in the air supply 16 , the supply of fuel B in the fuel supply 24 and the recirculation rate of the medium in the recirculation circuit 40 can be regulated and / or coordinated by means of the compressor 46 in the corresponding lines.
[0032] exist Figures 2 to 4 The devices and components shown in the present invention are now used in Figure 1 The schematically shown electrochemical device 1 or fuel cell device 10 is a part of the structural design possibility and serves to illustrate the present invention. The structural design of other components is known to those skilled in the art from the prior art and is not shown in more detail in the drawings for the sake of clarity.
[0033] exist Figure 2 In stereoscopic view and in Figure 3 The cross-sectional view is shown in Figure 1 An embodiment of an electrochemical device 1 or a part of a fuel cell device 10 . The electrochemical device comprises a medium conducting unit 50 and a reformer 26 .
[0034] The medium guiding unit 50 is provided for guiding a medium to at least one fuel cell unit 12 and / or for conducting a medium from the fuel cell unit 12. In the illustrated embodiment, the medium guiding unit 50 is provided for guiding a first medium, such as reformed fuel RB, to at least one fuel cell unit 12 and for conducting a second medium, such as cathode exhaust gas KA, from at least one fuel cell unit 12. In the illustrated embodiment, the medium guiding unit 50 is also provided for distributing the medium to at least one fuel cell unit 12, to a plurality of or two fuel cell units 12 in the illustrated case, and / or to at least one treatment unit 14, to a plurality of treatment units 14 in the illustrated case. Therefore, the medium guiding unit 50 can also be understood as a distributor unit.
[0035] The present electrochemical device 1 or fuel cell device 10 is now characterized in that the reformer 26 comprises a housing part 52 and a catalyst component 54, wherein the housing part 52 is mounted on the medium guide unit 50 and wherein the catalyst component 54 is arranged so as to be replaceable. This increases the ease of maintenance.
[0036] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the housing part has a cylindrical section 56 and / or a conical section 58 .
[0037] The catalyst component 54 in turn comprises a catalyst housing 60 which is cylindrical in the illustrated case and corresponds in the present case to the housing part 52, and comprises a catalyst material 62. The catalyst material 62 is provided for increasing the reaction rate of the reforming reaction when reforming the fuel B supplied to the reformer.
[0038] In the exemplary embodiment shown, a catalyst material 62 is introduced into the catalyst housing 60. In the illustrated case, the catalyst material 62 fills a large portion of the catalyst housing 60. In the present case, the catalyst material 62 is cylindrical. In particular, the catalyst material is designed in such a way that it has a flow guide (not shown in detail) so that the fuel B to be reformed can pass through the catalyst material 62.
[0039] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the medium guide unit 50 comprises at least one deep-drawn part 64, wherein the housing part 52, in the present case the cylindrically designed section 56 of the housing part 52, is mounted, in the shown case welded, on the at least one deep-drawn part 64. This allows a compact design of the reformer 26 to be achieved.
[0040] The reformer is mounted in a suspended manner on the medium guide unit 50, in the present case a deep-drawn part 64. Thermal expansion can thus take place downwards.
[0041] In the exemplary embodiment shown, reformer 26, in this case housing part 52, and catalyst component 54 are designed such that housing part 52, in the illustrated case a cylindrical section 56 of housing part 52, receives or can receive catalyst component 54. This allows a stable design to be achieved.
[0042] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the reformer 26, in the shown case the housing part 52 and the catalyst component 54 are designed such that the catalyst component 52 can be inserted, in the present case inserted, from the side facing the medium guide unit 50 into the cylindrical section 56 of the housing part 52, in the present case the housing part 58. This makes it possible to replace the catalyst component 54 particularly easily and quickly.
[0043] In the present case, the housing part 52 comprises a stop 66 for the catalyst component 54. Specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, the conical section 58 of the housing part 52 acts as a stop 66 for the catalyst component 54. This makes it possible to introduce the catalyst component 54 into the housing part 54 in a simplified manner.
[0044] exist Figure 4 Shown in Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a portion of an electrochemical device 1. Figure 3 In contrast to the exemplary embodiment shown in , the catalytic converter component 54 , in the case shown, the catalytic converter housing 60 , is fastened to the medium guide unit 50 or to at least one deep-drawn part 64 by means of a positive connection. This makes it possible to additionally increase the stability.
[0045] exist Figure 4 In the case shown, the form-locking connection is a threaded connection. Therefore, the catalyst component 54, currently the catalyst housing 60, the device 68 in the case shown has a tab 70 for a threaded connection with the medium guide unit 50 or the deep-drawn part 64. The medium guide unit 50 or the deep-drawn part 64 in the case shown also has a device 68, currently a thread 72, for a threaded connection on the side facing the medium guide unit 50. This allows a particularly stable configuration. In addition, it is also possible to loosen and, if necessary, to re-establish the form-locking connection, which further allows advantageous replacement during maintenance.
[0046] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the medium guide unit 50 has a particularly openable and / or closable aperture 74 for guiding the catalyst component 54 through it. This makes it possible to achieve simplified accessibility.
[0047] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the medium guide unit 50 comprises at least one planar plate 76, wherein a breakthrough 74 is formed in the planar plate 76. This makes it possible to achieve particularly advantageous accessibility.
[0048] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the medium guide unit 50 has a cover 78 for closing the aperture 74, wherein in the case shown a seal 80 is arranged between the cover 78 and the medium guide unit 80, in the present case the planar plate 76. This allows a particularly reliable design to be achieved.
[0049] In the case shown, the cover 78 is connected to the medium guide unit 50 or the planar plate 76 by means of a screw connection. Alternatively, however, it is also possible for the cover 80 to be pressed against the medium guide unit 50 or the planar plate 76 by means of the fuel cell unit 12 or the fuel cell stack 13 applied to the medium guide unit 50 or the planar plate 76. This allows the number of parts to be reduced.
Claims
1. An electrochemical device (1), in particular a fuel cell device (10), comprising a medium conducting unit (50) and a reformer (26), characterized in that: The reformer (26) comprises a housing part (52) and a catalyst component (54), wherein the housing part (52) is mounted on the medium guide unit (50) and wherein the catalyst component (54) is arranged so as to be replaceable.
2. The electrochemical device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that The housing part (52) has a cylindrical section (56) and / or a conical section (58).
3. The electrochemical device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The catalytic converter component (54) comprises a catalytic converter housing (60) and / or a catalytic converter material (62), the catalytic converter housing being in particular cylindrical in design and preferably corresponding to the housing part (52).
4. The electrochemical device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The media guide unit (50) comprises at least one deep-drawn part (64), wherein the housing part, in particular a cylindrical section of the housing part (64), is mounted, preferably welded, on the at least one deep-drawn part (64).
5. The electrochemical device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The reformer (26), in particular the housing part (52) and / or the catalytic converter component (54) are designed such that the housing part (60), in particular a cylindrical section (56) of the housing part (52), can accommodate the catalytic converter component (54).
6. The electrochemical device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The reformer (26), in particular the housing part (52) and / or the catalyst component (54) are designed such that the catalyst component (54) can be inserted, preferably inserted, into a cylindrical section (56) of the housing part (52), in particular the housing part (60), in particular from a side facing the medium guide unit (50).
7. The electrochemical device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The housing part (52) comprises a stop (66) for the catalytic converter component (54); in particular, a conically shaped section (58) of the housing part (52) acts as a stop (66) for the catalytic converter component (54).
8. The electrochemical device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The catalytic converter component (54), in particular the catalytic converter housing (60), is preferably fastened to the medium guide unit (50), in particular to the at least one deep-drawn part (64), by means of a positive connection.
9. The electrochemical device (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that The catalyst component (54), in particular the catalyst housing (60) and / or the medium guide unit (50), in particular the at least one deep-drawn part (64), has means (68), in particular webs (70) and / or threads (72) for fastening, in particular for a positive connection, preferably for a screw connection.
10. The electrochemical device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The medium guide unit (50) has a passage (74) for guiding the catalytic converter component (54) through, which passage is particularly openable and / or closable.
11. The electrochemical device (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that The medium guide unit (50) comprises at least one planar plate (76), wherein the aperture (74) is formed in the planar plate (76).
12. The electrochemical device (1) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that The medium guide unit (50) has a cover (78) for closing the aperture (74), wherein a seal (80) is arranged in particular between the cover (78) and the medium guide unit (50), preferably the planar plate (76).