Communication apparatus and communication method

Abstract

Provided are a communication device and a communication method, the communication device comprising: a transmission unit that transmits data; and a control unit that switches, for each data to be transmitted or a plurality of pieces of data to be transmitted, a beam to be used in the transmission of the data or the plurality of pieces of data.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the invention patent application with application number 201880093670.9 (International application number: PCT / JP2018 / 020851, application date: May 30, 2018, invention name: communication device). Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to a communication device in a wireless communication system. Background Art

[0003] In LTE (Long Term Evolution) and LTE's successor systems (for example, also known as LTE-A (LTE Advanced), NR (New Radio) (also known as 5G)), side link (also known as D2D (Device to Device)) technology is being studied for direct communication between communication devices such as UE without going through a base station.

[0004] In addition, V2X (Vehicle to Everything) technology is being studied and standardized. V2X is a part of ITS (Intelligent Transport Systems). Figure 1 The above-mentioned information is a general term for V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) which is a form of communication between vehicles, V2I (Vehicle to Infrastructure) which is a form of communication between vehicles and roadside units (RSU: Road-Side Unit) installed on the roadside, V2N (Vehicle to Nomadic device) which is a form of communication between vehicles and the driver's mobile terminal, and V2P (Vehicle to Pedestrian) which is a form of communication between vehicles and pedestrians' mobile terminals.

[0005] Prior art literature

[0006] Non-patent literature

[0007] Non-patent document 1: 3GPP TS 36.213 V14.2.0 (2017-06) Summary of the invention

[0008] Problems to be solved by the invention

[0009] In D2D, a common frequency band is used for reception or transmission, so it is half duplex communication, and D2D communication cannot be transmitted and received simultaneously in the same communication device. In addition, when a communication device autonomously selects transmission resources, the transmission resources selected by the communication device may conflict with the transmission resources selected by other communication devices.

[0010] In D2D communication, there is a need for a technology that can reduce the probability of collision of transmission resources for transmitting data.

[0011] Means for solving problems

[0012] According to the disclosed technology, a communication device is provided, which has:

[0013] a transmitting unit that transmits data; and

[0014] The control unit generates a request signal including information on the time and frequency positions of the wireless resources scheduled to be used by the transmission unit in response to a predetermined trigger.

[0015] According to the disclosed technology, there is provided a communication device including: a transmission unit that transmits data; and a control unit that switches a beam used in transmitting each data or a plurality of data to be transmitted, for each data to be transmitted or a plurality of data to be transmitted.

[0016] According to the disclosed technology, a communication method based on a communication device is provided, wherein the communication method has the following steps: a sending step of sending data; and a control step of switching the beam used in the transmission of each data or multiple data sent as a unit.

[0017] Effects of the Invention

[0018] According to the disclosed technology, a technology capable of reducing the probability of conflict in transmission resources used to transmit data in D2D communication is provided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a diagram for explaining V2X.

[0020] Figure 2A It is a diagram for explaining a side link.

[0021] Figure 2B It is a diagram for explaining a side link.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a diagram for explaining the MAC PDU used in the side link communication.

[0023] Figure 4This is a diagram for explaining the format of the SL-SCH subheader.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a diagram for explaining an example of a channel structure used in a side link.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a diagram showing a configuration example of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a diagram for explaining the resource selection operation of the communication device.

[0027] Fig. 8A This is a diagram for explaining an example of resource conflict in a half-duplex communication system.

[0028] Figure 8B This is a diagram for explaining an example of resource conflict among a plurality of communication devices.

[0029] Fig. 9 This is a diagram for explaining an example of dynamic resource exchange (Dynamic Resource Exchange).

[0030] Fig.10 This is a diagram for explaining an example of resource hopping related to time and frequency.

[0031] Fig.11 This is a diagram for explaining an example of a hopping resource unit.

[0032] Fig.12 This is a diagram for explaining an example of setting a hopping pattern for a hopping resource unit.

[0033] Fig.13 This is a diagram for explaining an example of a hopping pattern map.

[0034] Fig.14 It is a diagram for explaining an example of a method of applying precoder cycling or antenna switching.

[0035] Fig.15 It is a diagram for explaining an example of a method of applying precoder cycling or antenna switching.

[0036] Fig.16It is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the base station 10 according to the embodiment.

[0037] Fig.17 It is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the communication device 20 according to the embodiment.

[0038] Fig.18 It is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the communication device 20 according to the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention (this embodiment) will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiment described below is merely an example, and the embodiment to which the present invention is applied is not limited to the following embodiment.

[0040] The method of direct communication between communication devices in this embodiment assumes the side link (SL) of LTE or NR, but the method of direct communication is not limited to this method. In addition, the name "sidelink" is only an example, and the name "sidelink" may not be used, and the UL may include the function of SL.

[0041] In addition, UL and SL can also be distinguished based on the difference in any one or any combination of time resources, frequency resources, time / frequency resources, reference signals used to determine path loss (Pathloss) in transmit power control, and reference signals used for synchronization (PSSS / SSSS).

[0042] For example, in UL, the reference signal of antenna port X is used as the reference signal for determining the path loss in transmit power control, and in SL (including UL used as SL), the reference signal of antenna port Y is used as the reference signal for determining the path loss in transmit power control.

[0043] In addition, in this embodiment, the communication device is mainly assumed to be mounted on a vehicle, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the communication device may be a terminal held by a person, or may be mounted on a drone or an aircraft.

[0044] (Overview of Side Link)

[0045] In this embodiment, since the side link is used as a basic technology, first, the outline of the side link is described as a basic example. The example of the technology to be described here is a technology specified in 3GPP Rel.14, etc. This technology can be used in NR, and a technology different from this technology can also be used in NR.

[0046] The side link is roughly divided into "Discovery" and "Communication". Regarding "Discovery", Figure 2A As shown, a resource pool for discovery message is ensured in each discovery period, and the communication device (called UE) sends the discovery message (discovery signal) in the resource pool. In more detail, there are Type 1 and Type 2b. In Type 1, the communication device autonomously selects the transmission resource from the resource pool. In Type 2b, semi-static resources are allocated through high-layer signaling (e.g., RRC signal).

[0047] Regarding "Communication", Figure 2B As shown, a resource pool for SCI (Sidelink Control Information: sidelink control information) / data transmission is periodically ensured. The communication device on the transmitting side uses SCI to notify the receiving side of the data transmission resources (PSSCH resource pool) and the like through the resources selected from the control (Control) resource pool (PSCCH resource pool), and sends data through the data transmission resources. Regarding "communication", in more detail, there are mode 1 and mode 2. In mode 1, resources are dynamically allocated through the (E)PDCCH sent from the base station to the communication device. In mode 2, the communication device autonomously selects transmission resources from the resource pool. Regarding the resource pool, a resource pool pre-defined using SIB notification or the like can be used.

[0048] In addition, Rel-14 has Mode 3 and Mode 4 in addition to Mode 1 and Mode 2. In Rel-14, SCI and data can be transmitted simultaneously (in one subframe) using adjacent resource blocks in the frequency direction. In addition, SCI is sometimes referred to as SA (scheduling assignment).

[0049] The channel used in "Discovery" is called PSDCH (Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel), the channel that sends control information such as SCI in "Communication" is called PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel), and the channel that sends data is called PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel). PSCCH and PSSCH have a structure based on PUSCH, and become a structure with DMRS (Demodulation Reference Signal) inserted.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, the MAC (Medium Access Control) PDU (Protocol Data Unit) used by the side link is composed of at least a MAC header, a MAC control element, a MAC SDU (Service Data Unit), and padding. The MAC PDU may also contain other information. The MAC header is composed of an SL-SCH (Sidelink Shared Channel) subheader and one or more MAC PDU subheaders.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, the SL-SCH subheader is composed of a MAC PDU format version (V), a transmission source information (SRC), a transmission destination information (DST), a reserved bit (R), etc. V is assigned at the beginning of the SL-SCH subheader, indicating the MAC PDU format version used by the communication device. Information related to the transmission source is set in the transmission source information. An identifier related to the ProSe UE ID may also be set in the transmission source information. Information related to the transmission destination is set in the transmission destination information. Information related to the ProSeLayer-2 Group ID of the transmission destination may also be set in the transmission destination information.

[0052] Figure 5 An example of the channel structure of the side link is shown. Figure 5As shown, a resource pool for PSCCH and a resource pool for PSSCH used in "communication" are allocated. In addition, a resource pool for PSDCH used in "discovery" is allocated at a cycle longer than the cycle of the channel for "communication".

[0053] In addition, PSSS (Primary Sidelink Synchronization) and SSSS (Secondary Sidelink Synchronization) are used as synchronization signals for the sidelink. In addition, for example, in order to perform operations outside the coverage area, PSBCH (Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel) is used to send broadcast information (broadcast information) such as the system frequency band, frame number, and resource structure information of the sidelink. PSSS / SSSS and PSBCH are sent, for example, through one subframe. PSSS / SSSS can also be called SLSS.

[0054] In addition, the V2X assumed in this embodiment is a method related to "communication". However, in this embodiment, there may not be a distinction between "communication" and "discovery". In addition, the technology of this embodiment can also be applied to "discovery".

[0055] (System Structure)

[0056] Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a wireless communication system according to the present embodiment. Figure 6 As shown, the wireless communication system of this embodiment includes a base station 10, a communication device 20A and a communication device 20B. In addition, there may be a plurality of communication devices in practice, but Figure 6 The communication device 20A and the communication device 20B are shown as examples.

[0057] exist Figure 6 In the figure, the communication device 20A represents the transmitting side, and the communication device 20B represents the receiving side, but both the communication device 20A and the communication device 20B have both the transmitting function and the receiving function. Hereinafter, when the communication device 20A, 20B, etc. are not particularly distinguished, they are simply described as "communication device 20", "communication device", etc. Figure 6In the figure, as an example, a situation is shown in which both the communication device 20A and the communication device 20B are located within the coverage of the base station 10; however, the actions in this embodiment can be applied to any situation in which all the communication devices 20 are located within the coverage of the base station 10, a situation in which some of the communication devices 20 are located within the coverage of the base station 10 and other communication devices 20 are located outside the coverage of the base station 10, or a situation in which all the communication devices 20 are located outside the coverage of the base station 10.

[0058] In this embodiment, the communication device 20 is a device mounted on a vehicle such as a car, and has a cellular communication function and a side link function as a UE in LTE or NR. In addition, the communication device 20 includes a function of obtaining report information (location, event information, etc.) such as a GPS device, a camera, and various sensors. In addition, the communication device 20 may be a general portable terminal (smartphone, etc.). In addition, the communication device 20 may be an RSU. The RSU may be a UE-type RSU (UE type RSU) having the function of a UE (also referred to as a gNB type UE (gNB type UE)), or a BS-type RSU having the function of a base station (also referred to as a gNB type RSU (micro BS) or an eNB type RSU (eNB type RSU)).

[0059] In addition, the communication device 20 does not need to be a device with a single housing. For example, even when various sensors are dispersedly arranged in the vehicle, a device including the various sensors is also the communication device 20. In addition, the communication device 20 may not include various sensors but may have the function of transmitting or receiving data with various sensors.

[0060] In addition, the processing content of the side link transmission of the communication device 20 is basically the same as the processing content of the UL transmission in LTE or NR. For example, the communication device 20 scrambles and modulates the codeword of the transmission data to generate complex-valued symbols, maps the complex-valued symbols (transmission signal) to layer 1 or layer 2, and precodes them. Then, the precoded complex-valued symbols are mapped to resource elements to generate a transmission signal (for example, a complex-valued time-domain SC-FDMA signal), and the transmission signal is transmitted from each antenna port.

[0061] In addition, the base station 10 has a cellular communication function as a base station 10 in LTE or NR, and a function for enabling communication of the communication device 20 in this embodiment (for example, resource pool setting, resource allocation, etc.). In addition, the base station 10 can also be an RSU (gNB type RSU).

[0062] In addition, in the wireless communication system of the present embodiment, the signal waveform used by the communication device 20 in SL or UL can be OFDMA, SC-FDMA, or other signal waveforms. In addition, in the wireless communication system of the present embodiment, as an example, a frame composed of multiple subframes (for example, 10 subframes) is formed in the time direction, and a frequency direction is composed of multiple subcarriers. 1 subframe or 1 time slot is an example of 1 transmission time interval (TTI: Transmission Time Interval). The time length other than the subframe or time slot can be used as the transmission time interval. In addition, the number of time slots per subframe can be determined according to the subcarrier spacing. In addition, the number of code elements per time slot can be 14 code elements.

[0063] In the present embodiment, the communication device 20 can also adopt any one of mode 1, which is a mode in which resources are dynamically allocated using (E)PDCCH ((Enhanced)Physical Downlink Control Channel) transmitted from the base station 10 to the communication device, mode 2, which is a mode in which the communication device autonomously selects transmission resources from a resource pool, a mode in which resources for SL signal transmission are autonomously selected (hereinafter referred to as mode 4), and a mode in which resources for SL signal transmission are allocated from the base station 10 (hereinafter referred to as mode 3). The mode is set for the communication device 20 by, for example, the base station 10.

[0064] like Figure 7 As shown, the communication device of mode 4 (in Figure 7 For example, the communication device 20 performs sensing in the background, determines resources with good sensing results and resources not reserved by other communication devices as candidate resources, and selects resources to be used in transmission from the candidate resources.

[0065] In D2D, since a common frequency band is used for transmission and reception, half-duplex communication is used, and D2D transmission and reception cannot be performed simultaneously in the same communication device 20. That is, the communication device 20 cannot receive a D2D signal while it is transmitting a signal.

[0066] Fig. 8A This shows a case where data is transmitted to the communication device 20 at the timing when the communication device 20 is transmitting. If such conflicts between data transmission and data reception in the same communication device 20 occur continuously, communication by the communication device 20 may fail.

[0067] In D2D, two resource allocation methods are supported: a method in which the base station 10 allocates transmission resources to the communication device 20 , and a method in which the communication device 20 autonomously selects transmission resources.

[0068] When the base station 10 allocates transmission resources, it is possible to allocate a plurality of transmission resources that are orthogonal to each other to each of the plurality of communication devices 20 within the coverage area.

[0069] In the case of "communication", the base station 10 uses (E)PDCCH (Enhanced Physical Downlink Control Channel) to dynamically notify the communication device 20 of the allocation of transmission resources. In the case of "discovery", the base station 10 allocates transmission resources through RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling.

[0070] When the communication device 20 autonomously selects a transmission resource, the communication device 20 selects any resource from the resource pool (candidates of time / frequency resources) for transmission. Therefore, the transmission resource selected by a communication device 20 may conflict with the transmission resource selected by another communication device 20.

[0071] Figure 8B 1 is a diagram for explaining an example of the above-mentioned situation. Specifically, the following situation is shown: there are multiple communication devices 20, and the conflict of transmission resources of two communication devices 20 occurs continuously in time. In this way, when the conflict of transmission resources occurs continuously in time, the communication between the two communication devices 20 may not be established.

[0072] In order to reduce the probability of resource conflicts as described above, a method is conceivable in which the period from when the communication device 20 autonomously selects a transmission resource to when a trigger for reselecting a transmission resource by the communication device 20 is generated in mode 4 is shortened. However, according to this method, the number of resource reselections increases, and therefore the probability of resource conflicts may not be reduced.

[0073] In addition, in order to reduce the probability of resource conflicts as described above, the following method is considered: in mode 4, for example, semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) is applied to each of the plurality of communication devices 20. However, in this method, the number of resource reselections increases corresponding to the plurality of SPSs, and therefore the probability of resource conflicts may not be reduced.

[0074] In addition, in order to reduce the probability of resource conflicts as described above, the following method is considered: shortening the period from when the base station 10 allocates a transmission resource to the communication device 20 in mode 3 to when the base station 10 allocates the next transmission resource to the communication device 20. However, in this case, the signaling (Uu signaling) used for scheduling from the base station 10 to the communication device 20 increases.

[0075] <Method 1>

[0076] As a method for solving the above-mentioned problem, a method is considered in which information on the positions of time and frequency of candidates for transmission resources used in D2D communication is exchanged between a plurality of adjacent communication devices 20 to avoid collision. In this specification, this method is referred to as Dynamic Resource Exchange.

[0077] As a usage scenario of the present method, for example, consider a case where a sound signal is transmitted from a vehicle using semi-persistent scheduling, or a case where periodically transmitted information related to driving, such as vehicle position information, is transmitted.

[0078] As a case where transmission resources for transmitting data conflict, for example, a case where transmission resources conflict when data is transmitted through a common channel and a case where transmission resources conflict when a control signal is transmitted through a control channel can be considered.

[0079] Fig. 9 is a diagram for explaining an example of dynamic resource exchange. Fig. 9 The description assumes that the communication device 20A and the communication device 20B are close to each other. In addition, as possible states of the communication device 20A and the communication device 20B, two states are defined: a state where resource exchange is not performed and a state where resource exchange is completed.

[0080] In step S101, the communication device 20A transmits a resource exchange request to the communication device 20B close to the communication device 20A. Here, the communication device 20A and the communication device 20B have not exchanged information on the time and frequency positions of the candidates of the wireless resources used in the D2D communication before step S101.

[0081] In step S102 , in response to receiving the resource exchange request, the communication device 20B sends delivery confirmation information (Resource exchange Acknowledgement) for the resource exchange request to the communication device 20A.

[0082] In response to receiving the Acknowledgement signal, the communication device 20A that has sent the resource exchange request performs a process of exchanging resources within the communication device 20A in step S103. In addition, the communication device 20B that has sent the Acknowledgement signal also performs a process of exchanging resources within the communication device. In this case, as the states of the communication device 20A and the communication device 20B, a state corresponding to the execution of the resource exchange process may also be defined. In this case, the states of the communication devices 20A and 20B become states corresponding to the execution of the resource exchange process.

[0083] When a signal indicating that the resource exchange has been completed is signaled, the dynamic resource exchange (Dynamic Resource Exchange) is completed. For example, the communication device 20A that receives the resource exchange request may also send a signal indicating that the resource exchange has been completed to the communication device 20B that is the source of the resource exchange request after the resource exchange is completed. Along with this, the states of the communication devices 20A and 20B are transferred from the state corresponding to the execution of the resource exchange process to the state after the resource exchange is completed. That is, the state of the communication device 20A that sent the resource exchange request becomes the state in which the resource exchange has been completed, and the state of the communication device 20B that received the resource exchange request becomes the state in which the resource exchange has been completed.

[0084] After the resource exchange is completed, in step S104 , the communication device 20A and the communication device 20B can respectively perform D2D communication using the transmission resources selected as a result of the resource exchange.

[0085] The unit of resource exchange can be a single data (packet) or multiple data (multiple packets). For example, the unit of resource exchange can be any one of subcarrier, resource element, resource block and time slot (TTI) or high-level PDU (Protocol Data Unit). The unit of resource exchange can be preconfigured or specified by the standard.

[0086] The wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange may be selected from one or more wireless resources that exceed the following threshold, which is a threshold predetermined with respect to an indicator indicating communication quality such as received power (RSRP) or received quality (RSRQ, SINR) or received strength (RSSI). Here, the wireless resource may be a resource block composed of a plurality of resource elements in the time domain and the frequency domain used to send or receive data.

[0087] The resource exchange request may include information explicitly specifying wireless resources that are candidates for resource exchange.

[0088] The Acknowledgement signal may be a signal of the physical layer, or may be a signal of a higher layer (MAC, RRC).

[0089] When the resource exchange request includes information indicating a plurality of wireless resources that are candidates for resource exchange, the Acknowledgement signal to be transmitted in step 2 may include Acknowledgements for some of the wireless resources among the plurality of wireless resources.

[0090] In addition, when sending a resource exchange request, the wireless resource used to send the resource exchange request may conflict with the wireless resource used by other communication devices to send signals. In this case, for example, the wireless resource may be reselected and the resource exchange request may be sent again. In addition, multiple communication devices may send resource exchange requests to a single communication device. In this case, the single communication device on the receiving side may return an Acknowledgement signal only to one of the multiple resource exchange requests. In this case, the resource exchange corresponding to the one resource exchange request to which the Acknowledgement signal is returned may be performed only.

[0091] When the resource exchange request includes information specifying a candidate wireless resource for resource exchange, the information specifying the candidate wireless resource for resource exchange may be information indicating a time and frequency position of the candidate wireless resource for resource exchange.

[0092] As a trigger for the communication device 20A to send a resource exchange request, the following situations can be considered: for example, when it is detected that a predetermined ratio or more of the wireless resources included in the resource pool are used by other communication devices, and when the ratio of transmission failures becomes a predetermined ratio or more. Here, the predetermined ratio or predetermined ratio can be weighted according to the type of service, etc., and can be different according to the type of service.

[0093] When the communication device 20A transmits a resource exchange request in step S101, if the communication device 20A includes information about the time and frequency position of a wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange in the resource exchange request, the communication device 20B that receives the resource exchange request decides to reselect a wireless resource other than the wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange as a transmission resource if it can select a wireless resource other than the wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange. In this case, the Acknowledgement signal to be transmitted in step S102 may include information about the time and frequency position of the wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange. Additionally, the Acknowledgement signal to be transmitted in step S102 may include information about the time and frequency position of a wireless resource that can be selected by the communication device 20B and is a wireless resource other than the wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange in addition to information about the time and frequency position of the wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange. Alternatively, the Acknowledgement signal to be transmitted in step S102 may include only positive acknowledgement information (PositiveAcknowledgement).

[0094] In step S102, in response to receiving the Acknowledgement signal including the information of the time and frequency position of the one wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange, the communication device 20A that has sent the resource exchange request may select the wireless resource specified by the information of the time and frequency position included in the Acknowledgement signal as the transmission resource in the communication device 20A (step S103). In addition, in step S102, the communication device 20B that has sent the Acknowledgement signal may reselect a wireless resource other than the one wireless resource that can be selected by the communication device 20B and is a candidate for resource exchange as the transmission resource (step S103). In addition, in step S102, in response to receiving an Acknowledgement signal that includes, in addition to information on the time and frequency position of the one wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange, information on the time and frequency position of a wireless resource that can be selected by the communication device 20B and is a wireless resource other than the one wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange, the communication device 20A that has sent the resource exchange request may also select, within the communication device 20A, the one wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange specified by the information on the time and frequency position included in the Acknowledgement signal as a sending resource, and not select, within the communication device 20A, a wireless resource that can be selected within the communication device 20B and is a wireless resource other than the one wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange as a sending resource.

[0095] In addition, in step S102, in response to receiving the Acknowledgement signal including only the Positive Acknowledgement, the communication device 20A that has sent the resource exchange request may also select a wireless resource specified by the information of the time and frequency position included in the resource exchange request as the transmission resource. In this case, the communication device 20B that has sent the Acknowledgement signal including only the Positive Acknowledgement may reselect a wireless resource that can be selected by the communication device 20B and is other than the above-mentioned wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange as the transmission resource.

[0096] In addition, when the communication device 20B that receives the resource exchange request does not select a wireless resource other than the one wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange in step S102, it can be decided not to reselect a wireless resource other than the one wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange as a transmission resource. That is, the communication device 20B decides to continue to use the one wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange as a transmission resource. In this case, for example, the Acknowledgement signal to be sent in step S102 may include negative acknowledgment information (NegativeAcknowledgement). In response to receiving the Acknowledgement signal including NegativeAcknowledgement, the communication device 20A that has sent the resource exchange request may reselect a wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange and send the resource exchange request again.

[0097] In the communication device 20A on the transmission resource exchange side, when a conflict of multiple wireless resources is detected, the communication device 20A may include information on the time and frequency positions of one or more wireless resources that are candidates for resource exchange in the resource exchange request when sending a resource exchange request in step S101. In this case, the communication device 20A may, for example, select one or more wireless resources from the multiple wireless resources in which the conflict is detected based on an indicator (RSRP, RSSI, etc.) indicating the quality of communication, and include the information on the time and frequency positions of the selected one or more wireless resources in the resource exchange request. For example, one or more wireless resources may be selected from the multiple wireless resources in which the conflict is detected in descending order of RSRP. In addition or alternatively, for example, one or more wireless resources may be selected from the multiple wireless resources in which the conflict is detected based on the priority assigned to the data by ProSe Per Packet Priority (PPPP), etc., to use for sending data with a higher priority (for example, based on the highest priority, from the top to the nth priority).

[0098] In response to detecting that the received resource exchange request includes information about the time and frequency positions of multiple wireless resources that are candidates for resource exchange, the communication device 20B that receives the resource exchange request may select one or more wireless resources that the communication device 20B continues to use from the multiple wireless resources that are candidates for resource exchange. For example, the communication device 20B may select one or more wireless resources that are continued to be used from the one or more wireless resources that are candidates for resource exchange based on an indicator (RSRP, RSSI, etc.) that indicates communication quality, and include information about the time and frequency positions of one or more wireless resources that are not selected by the communication device 20B in the one or more wireless resources that are candidates for resource exchange in the Acknowledgement signal. Additionally or alternatively, for example, the communication device 20B may also select one or more wireless resources that are used to send data with a higher priority (for example, from the highest priority to the nth priority) from the multiple wireless resources that are candidates for resource exchange based on the priority assigned to the data such as ProSe Per Packet Priority (PPPP) as the one or more wireless resources that are continued to be used.

[0099] <Method 2>

[0100] As a method for solving the above-mentioned problem, a method (resource hopping) is conceivable in which the communication device 20 hops the time and frequency positions of the transmission resources to be selected in the resource pool in one cycle such as the communication period (40 ms) in terms of time and frequency for each cycle.

[0101] Fig.10 is a diagram for explaining an example of resource hopping related to time and frequency. Fig.10 As shown, in each of the time periods 1, 2, 3, ..., the time and frequency position of the transmission resource to be selected by the communication device 20A in the resource pool depends on the time period. That is, in each of the time periods 1, 2, 3, ..., the time and frequency position of the transmission resource to be selected by the communication device 20A in the resource pool jumps depending on time. Fig.10 As shown, by such resource hopping, conflicts among transmission resources of a plurality of communication devices 20 (eg, communication device 20A, communication device 20B, and communication device 20C) can be avoided. An example of a method for executing such resource hopping will be specifically described below.

[0102] First, a plurality of hopping resource units are set (defined) in advance in a predetermined resource set such as a resource pool.

[0103] For example, Fig.11 As shown, X hopping resource units are set in the frequency domain, and Y hopping resource units are set in the time domain.

[0104] For example, Fig.11 As shown, in each hopping resource unit, F (in Fig.11 F=2) frequency domain unit, T (in Fig.11 Here, each of the F frequency domain units may be, for example, a subchannel, a subcarrier, or a (sub-)PRB (Physical Resource Block). Each of the T time domain units may be a subframe, a time slot, or a TTI.

[0105] Next, a hopping pattern is set for the hopping resource unit. The hopping pattern can be set by using different timing shifts for each frequency domain unit. For example, Fig.12 As shown, let the jump resource unit before the jump be R t、f , the jump resource unit after the jump is R t'、f' In this case, R t'、f’ Can be achieved by t、f The transformation of t and f is given by t'=(t+αf+β)modT and f'=f. Fig.12 The R value when (α, β) = (2, 1) is shown in t、f and R t'、f' By setting multiple combinations of (α, β), multiple jump modes can be obtained.

[0106] Next, the skip pattern map is set by multiple combinations of (α, β). For example, by combining (α, β) = (0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1), the following can be set: Fig.13 The hopping pattern map shown in the figure. In this way, the time and frequency position of the transmission resources selected by the communication device 20 in the resource pool can be jumped depending on time according to the pre-set hopping pattern map. As a result, even when multiple communication devices 20 autonomously select transmission resources in the resource pool, conflicts in transmission resources can be avoided. In addition, in the above example, the base station device 10 can pre-set the hopping pattern through multiple combinations of (α, β), and the base station device 10 notifies the communication device 20 of the pre-set hopping pattern. Alternatively, the user device 20 can set the hopping pattern map by randomly selecting multiple combinations of (α, β).

[0107] In addition, when resource hopping is applied in the communication device 20 on the transmitting side, first, data is mapped to the transmission resource, and then resource hopping (application of the hopping pattern diagram) is performed on the transmission resource. In this way, data is transmitted via the transmission resource to which the hopping pattern diagram is applied. In the communication device 20 on the receiving side, when a signal is received, inverse resource hopping (transformation that restores the time-frequency resource to which the hopping pattern diagram is applied to the original time-frequency resource) is applied to the receiving resource. Then, the data is decoded by demapping the data received via the receiving resource.

[0108] Whether to apply resource hopping may be set in advance. For example, the timing of applying resource hopping may be set in advance. Additionally or alternatively, whether to apply hopping may be set by activation / deactivation signaling (e.g., a signal of the MAC layer, a signal of the RRC layer, a signal of the physical layer such as SCI or DCI).

[0109] In addition to resource hopping, a timing shift may be applied as long as it is within the maximum allowable range for the delay in data transmission.

[0110] In addition, when multiple hopping pattern graphs are set in advance, two communication devices may select the same hopping pattern graph at a certain timing. In this case, for example, in response to the communication device detecting that the ratio of transmission failures has become greater than a predetermined ratio, the communication device may reselect another hopping pattern from the multiple hopping pattern graphs.

[0111] Comparing the above-mentioned method 1 and method 2, it is considered that the signaling overhead of method 1 is greater than that of method 2. According to method 2, the probability of contention for transmission resources can be reduced, but there is still a case where the contention for transmission resources cannot be resolved.

[0112] <Method 3>

[0113] As method 3, a method of applying precoder cycling or antenna switching is considered. For example, the following methods are considered: a method of randomly changing a beam pattern; in the case of TDD, a synchronization signal (SLSS) from a communication device 20 on the communication object side is received by applying multiple beam patterns, and a beam pattern with the maximum received power (RSRP) or received quality (RSRQ, SINR) or received strength (RSSI) is applied; a method of applying multiple beam patterns to the same signal in the communication device 20 on the transmitting side, sending the same signal to which multiple beam patterns are applied to the communication device 20 on the receiving side, extracting the best beam pattern from the multiple beam patterns in the communication device 20 on the transmitting side based on feedback from the communication device 20 on the receiving side, and applying the extracted best beam pattern to data transmission; and a method in which the communication device 20 on the transmitting side applies multiple precoders arranged in a predetermined time sequence to data transmission.

[0114] Fig.14 and Fig.15 It is a diagram for explaining an example of a method of applying the above-mentioned precoder cycling or antenna switching.

[0115] In the case of applying method 3, the communication device 20 on the sending side may also apply different beams for each data to be sent. Alternatively, the sending device 20 may also change the beam to be applied in units of multiple data. Here, in the case of changing the beam applied to the transmission of data, the position on the frequency axis or time axis of the transmission resource used in the transmission of the data before the change of the beam needs to be different from the position on the frequency axis or time axis of the transmission resource used in the transmission of the data after the change of the beam. (However, it is assumed that the case of selecting the transmission resources at the same time and frequency position within the resource pool (or resource) for the periodically generated resource pool (or resource) is excluded. In this case, it is possible to apply periodically different beams to the transmission resources at the same time and frequency position. This is because the next cycle is earlier in time than the previous cycle). Therefore, the change of the beam and the change of the transmission resource may also be performed simultaneously. For example, the change of the beam may be combined with the dynamic resource exchange of method 1. Or the change of the beam may be combined with the resource hopping of method 2.

[0116] When using a spatial filter (Spatial Domain Filter, Spatial Domain Transmission Filter) to perform beamforming, more than two antenna elements are required. As a method of performing beamforming using a spatial filter, there is known a digital beamforming that has the same number of digital-to-analog converters (DAC, Digital Analog Converter) as the number of transmitting antenna elements and performs baseband signal processing according to the number of transmitting antenna elements. In addition, there is also known an analog beamforming that uses a variable phase shifter in a radio frequency (RF, Radio Frequency) circuit to achieve beamforming. Furthermore, there is also known a hybrid beamforming that combines digital beamforming and analog beamforming to achieve beamforming processing by both baseband signal processing and a variable phase shifter in a radio frequency (RF, Radio Frequency) circuit.

[0117] However, the method of performing beamforming is not limited to the above method. Generally, an antenna has directivity. For example, the communication device 20A has two antennas. When the directivities of the two antennas are different, the direction of the transmission beam can be switched by switching the antenna used at a certain timing with the antenna used at another timing (Antenna Switching).

[0118] For example, when the communication device 20 of the vehicle has one antenna each at the front, rear, right, left and top of the vehicle, the direction of the transmission beam can be switched to the front, rear, right, left and top by switching the antenna to be used to the antenna at the front, rear, right, left and top. An example of having antennas at the front, rear, right, left and top of the vehicle is shown, but the antennas can be arranged along the top and bottom of the vehicle or at the same position. In addition, when multiple antennas are arranged at the same position of the vehicle, the orientation of some of the multiple antennas can be different from the orientation of another part of the multiple antennas. For example, when multiple antennas are arranged at the top of the vehicle, the orientation of some of the multiple antennas can be set to the front and the orientation of another part of the multiple antennas can be set to the back. For example, when multiple antennas are arranged at the front of the vehicle, the orientation of some of the multiple antennas can be set to the left and the orientation of another part of the multiple antennas can be set to the right.

[0119] Alternatively, for example, in a case where the communication device 20 provided in the vehicle has one or more panels (the panels have one or more antenna elements) on the front, rear, right, left and upper sides of the vehicle, respectively, by switching the panels to be used to the panels on the front, rear, right, left and upper sides, the direction of the transmission beam can be switched to the front, rear, right, left and upper sides (Panel Switching). In this case, in addition to switching the precoder applied to each panel, the direction of the transmission beam can also be switched by applying panel switching. By switching the panels provided on the front, rear, right, left and upper sides of the vehicle as described above, the vehicle itself becomes a shield for radio waves, and sufficient directivity can be obtained even when the distance between the communication device 20 on the transmitting side and the communication device 20 on the receiving side is short, thereby reducing interference.

[0120] The above method 1, method 2 and / or method 3 can be applied in units of resource pools, carriers, cells, zones, or other units. In addition, the above method 1, method 2 and / or method 3 can be applied quasi-statically, or can be applied by triggering as described above.

[0121] (Device Structure)

[0122] Next, a functional configuration example of the base station 10 and the communication device 20 that execute the processing operations described above will be described. The base station 10 and the communication device 20 may have all the functions of the methods 1-3 described in this embodiment, or may have only a part of the functions of the methods 1-3.

[0123] <Base station 10>

[0124] Fig.16 1 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the base station 10. Fig.16 As shown, the base station 10 includes a transmission unit 101 , a reception unit 102 , a setting information management unit 103 , and a control unit 104 . Fig.16 The functional configuration shown is only an example. As long as the operation of this embodiment can be performed, the functional division and the name of the functional unit can be arbitrary. In addition, the transmission unit 101 can also be called a transmitter, and the reception unit 102 can also be called a receiver.

[0125] The transmission unit 101 includes a function of generating a signal to be transmitted to the communication device 20 side and transmitting the signal wirelessly. The reception unit 102 includes a function of receiving various signals transmitted from the communication device 20 and obtaining, for example, higher layer information from the received signal. In addition, the reception unit 102 includes a function of measuring the signal to be received and obtaining a quality value.

[0126] The setting information management unit 103 stores the setting information set in advance, the setting information received from the communication device 20, and the like. In addition, the setting information related to transmission may be stored in the transmission unit 101, and the setting information related to reception may be stored in the reception unit 102. The control unit 104 controls the base station 10. In addition, the function of the control unit 104 related to transmission may be included in the transmission unit 101, and the function of the control unit 104 related to reception may be included in the reception unit 102.

[0127] For example, the control unit 104 is configured to set the transmission resource allocated to the communication device 20. The control unit 104 is configured to cause the transmission unit 101 to transmit the setting information of the transmission resource allocated to the communication device 20.

[0128] Furthermore, the control unit 104 may be configured to set in advance the skip pattern to be applied to the communication device 20. Furthermore, the control unit 104 may be configured to cause the transmission unit 101 to transmit information indicating the skip pattern to be applied to the communication device.

[0129] <Communication device 20>

[0130] Fig.17 2 is a diagram showing an example of the functional structure of the communication device 20. Fig.17 As shown, the communication device 20 includes a transmission unit 201 , a reception unit 202 , a setting information management unit 203 , and a control unit 204 . Fig.17 The functional configuration shown is only an example. As long as the operation of this embodiment can be performed, the functional division and the name of the functional unit can be arbitrary. In addition, the transmission unit 201 can also be called a transmitter, and the reception unit 202 can also be called a receiver.

[0131] The transmission unit 201 generates a transmission signal based on the transmission data and transmits the transmission signal wirelessly. The reception unit 202 receives various signals wirelessly and obtains a higher layer signal from the received physical layer signal. In addition, the reception unit 202 includes a function of measuring the received signal to obtain a quality value.

[0132] The setting information management unit 203 stores the setting information set in advance, the setting information received from the base station 10, and the like. In addition, the setting information related to transmission may be stored in the transmission unit 201, and the setting information related to reception may be stored in the reception unit 202. The control unit 204 controls the communication device 20. In addition, the function of the control unit 204 related to transmission may be included in the transmission unit 201, and the function of the control unit 204 related to reception may be included in the reception unit 202.

[0133] For example, the control unit 204 may be configured to detect that a predetermined ratio or more of the wireless resources included in the resource pool are used by other communication devices, or may be configured to detect that a transmission failure ratio is greater than a predetermined ratio.

[0134] Furthermore, the control unit 204 may be configured to cause the transmission unit 201 to transmit a resource exchange request when it is detected that a predetermined ratio or more of the wireless resources included in the plurality of wireless resources in the resource pool are used by other communication devices or when it is detected that the ratio of transmission failures is greater than a predetermined ratio. Furthermore, the control unit 204 may be configured to cause the transmission unit 201 to transmit the resource exchange request by including information indicating wireless resources that are candidates for resource exchange (e.g., information on the time and frequency positions of wireless resources) in the resource exchange request.

[0135] Furthermore, the control unit 204 may be configured to reselect a wireless resource other than the one wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange as a transmission resource if a wireless resource other than the one wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange can be selected when the receiving unit 202 receives information indicating the wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange. In this case, the control unit 204 may be configured to include information on the time and frequency position of the one wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange in the Acknowledgement signal, and cause the transmitting unit 201 to transmit the Acknowledgement signal.

[0136] In addition, the control unit 204 is configured to, when the receiving unit 202 receives information indicating a wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange, decide to continue using the wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange as a sending resource without selecting a wireless resource other than the wireless resource that is a candidate for resource exchange, and cause the sending unit 201 to send an Acknowledgement signal including a Negative Acknowledgement.

[0137] Furthermore, the control unit 204 may be configured to set whether to apply resource hopping based on a prior setting or in response to a notification received by the reception unit 202 from the base station 10 .

[0138] Furthermore, the control unit 204 may be configured to switch a precoder applied when transmitting data and / or an antenna (or a panel including a plurality of antenna elements) used when transmitting data.

[0139] <Hardware Structure>

[0140] The block diagram used in the description of the above embodiment ( Figure 16-17) shows blocks in units of functions. These functional blocks (structural parts) are implemented by any combination of hardware and / or software. In addition, the means for implementing each functional block are not particularly limited. That is, each functional block can be implemented by a device that physically and / or logically combines multiple elements, or two or more devices that are physically and / or logically separated can be directly and / or indirectly (for example, by wire and / or wireless) connected and implemented by these multiple devices.

[0141] Furthermore, for example, the communication device 20 and the base station 10 in one embodiment of the present invention may both function as a computer that performs the processing of this embodiment. Fig.18 1 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the communication device 20 and the base station 10 of the present embodiment. The communication device 20 and the base station 10 can be respectively configured as a computer device that physically includes a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, and the like.

[0142] In the following description, the word "device" may be replaced by "circuit", "equipment (device)", "unit (unit)", etc. The hardware structure of the communication device 20 and the base station 10 may be configured to include one or more devices represented by 1001 to 1006 in the figure, or may be configured to exclude some devices.

[0143] Each function in the communication device UE and the base station 10 is implemented by the following method: the specified software (program) is read into the hardware such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, so that the processor 1001 performs calculations and controls the communication of the communication device 1004, and the reading and / or writing of data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0144] The processor 1001 runs an operating system, for example, to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 may be composed of a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, a calculation device, a register, and the like.

[0145] In addition, the processor 1001 reads a program (program code), a software module or data from the storage 1003 and / or the communication device 1004 to the memory 1002, and performs various processing accordingly. As the program, a program that causes the computer to execute at least a part of the actions described in the above embodiments is used. For example, it can also be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and operated by the processor 1001. Fig.16The base station 10 shown includes a transmitting unit 101, a receiving unit 102, a setting information management unit 103, and a control unit 104. It can also be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and operated by the processor 1001. Fig.17 The communication device 20 shown in FIG. 1 includes a transmitter 201, a receiver 202, a setting information management unit 203, and a control unit 204. In addition, although it is described that the various processes described above are performed by one processor 1001, the various processes described above may be performed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. In addition, the program may be transmitted from the network via a telecommunication line.

[0146] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be composed of at least one of a ROM (Read Only Memory), an EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM), a RAM (Random Access Memory), etc. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, a cache, a main memory (main storage device), etc. The memory 1002 can store a program (program code), a software module, etc. that can be executed to implement the processing of one embodiment of the present invention.

[0147] The memory 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be composed of, for example, at least one of an optical disk such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), a hard disk drive, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (such as a compressed disk, a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disk, a smart card, a flash memory (such as a card, a stick, a key drive), a Floppy (registered trademark) disk, a magnetic strip, etc. The memory 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device. The above-mentioned storage medium may be, for example, other appropriate media such as a database, a server, etc. that includes the memory 1002 and / or the memory 1003.

[0148] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transceiver device) for communicating between computers via a wired and / or wireless network, and may also be referred to as a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, etc. For example, the transmitting unit 201 and the receiving unit 202 of the communication device 20 may also be implemented by the communication device 1004. In addition, the transmitting unit 101 and the receiving unit 102 of the base station 10 may also be implemented by the communication device 1004.

[0149] The input device 1005 is an input device that receives input from the outside (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that implements output to the outside (e.g., a display, a speaker, an LED light, etc.). In addition, the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may also be integrally formed (e.g., a touch panel).

[0150] In addition, the processor 1001 and the memory 1002 and other devices are connected via a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be composed of a single bus or different buses between the devices.

[0151] In addition, the communication device 20 and the base station 10 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), or an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), and may implement a part or all of each functional block by the hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be installed by at least one of these hardware.

[0152] (Summary of Implementation Methods)

[0153] This specification discloses at least the following communication devices.

[0154] <Item 1>

[0155] A communication device comprising:

[0156] a transmitting unit that transmits data; and

[0157] The control unit generates a request signal including information on the time and frequency positions of the wireless resources scheduled to be used by the transmission unit in response to a predetermined trigger.

[0158] <Item 2>

[0159] A communication device, wherein:

[0160] The predetermined trigger is at least one of: detecting that a predetermined ratio or more of wireless resources among a plurality of wireless resources included in a resource pool are used by other communication devices, and detecting that a transmission failure ratio becomes greater than a predetermined ratio.

[0161] <Item 3>

[0162] A communication device, wherein:

[0163] The communication device further includes a receiving unit, the receiving unit receiving data,

[0164] The control unit selects the wireless resource scheduled for use as a transmission resource in response to the reception of the acknowledgement information by the reception unit.

[0165] <Item 4>

[0166] A communication device, wherein:

[0167] The control unit reselects a wireless resource other than the wireless resource scheduled to be used in response to the control unit receiving the negative response information.

[0168] <Item 5>

[0169] A communication device comprising:

[0170] a receiving unit that receives data;

[0171] a control unit that, in response to the receiving unit receiving a request signal including information on the time and frequency positions of the wireless resources, reselects a wireless resource other than the wireless resource as a transmission resource; and

[0172] A transmitting unit transmits a signal including acknowledgement information in response to the control unit reselecting a wireless resource other than the wireless resource as the transmission resource.

[0173] <Item 6>

[0174] A communication device, wherein:

[0175] The control unit reselects the wireless resource as the transmission resource in response to receiving the request signal including the information of the time and frequency position of the wireless resource,

[0176] The transmitting unit transmits a signal including negative acknowledgement information in response to the control unit reselecting the wireless resource as the transmission resource.

[0177] <Item 7>

[0178] A communication device comprising:

[0179] a transmitting unit that transmits data; and

[0180] The control unit applies a skip pattern to a transmission resource in response to a predetermined trigger, and when the transmission unit transmits the data, the control unit causes the transmission unit to use the transmission resource to which the skip pattern is applied.

[0181] <Item 8>

[0182] A communication device, wherein:

[0183] The control unit switches the beam used for transmission of each data to be transmitted or a plurality of data to be transmitted as a unit.

[0184] According to any one of the structures of items 1 to 8 above, it is possible to provide a technology capable of reducing the probability of conflict in transmission resources used for transmitting data in D2D communication.

[0185] (Supplementary Implementation Methods)

[0186] The above describes the various embodiments of the present invention, but the disclosed invention is not limited to such embodiments, and a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand various variations, corrections, substitutions, replacements, etc. In order to facilitate the understanding of the invention, specific numerical examples are used for description, but unless otherwise specified, these numerical values ​​are only examples, and any appropriate value can be used. The distinction between the items in the above description is not essential to the present invention, and the matters recorded in more than two items can be combined and used as needed, and the matters recorded in a certain item can be applied to the matters recorded in other items (as long as there is no contradiction). The boundaries of the functional units or processing units in the functional block diagram do not necessarily correspond to the boundaries of the physical components. The actions of multiple functional units can be performed by one physical component, or the actions of one functional unit can be performed by multiple physical components. Regarding the processing procedures described in the embodiments, the order of processing can be swapped if there is no contradiction. In order to facilitate the description of the processing, the communication device 20 and the base station 10 are described using a functional block diagram, and such a device can also be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination thereof. The software that uses the processor of the communication device 20 according to the embodiment of the present invention and the software that uses the processor of the base station 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention can be respectively stored in a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, a read-only memory (ROM), an EPROM, an EEPROM, a register, a hard disk (HDD), a removable disk, a CD-ROM, a database, a server and any other appropriate storage medium.

[0187] In addition, the notification of information is not limited to the form / implementation method described in this specification, and can also be performed by other methods. For example, the notification of information can be implemented through physical layer signaling (for example, DCI (Downlink Control Information), UCI (Uplink Control Information)), high-level signaling (for example, RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling, MAC (Medium Access Control) signaling, broadcast information (MIB (Master Information Block), SIB (System Information Block)), other signals or a combination of these. In addition, RRC signaling can be called RRC message, for example, it can also be RRC connection creation (RRC Connection Setup) message, RRC connection reconfiguration (RRC Connection Reconfiguration) message, etc.

[0188] The various forms / implementations described in this specification may also be applied to LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G, 5G, NR, FRA (Future Radio Access), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (UltraMobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE802.20, UWB (Ultra-WideBand), Bluetooth (registered trademark), systems using other appropriate systems, and / or next-generation systems extended thereby.

[0189] The processing procedures, timings, and flows of each form / implementation described in this specification may be changed in order if there is no contradiction. For example, the elements of various steps described in this specification are presented in an illustrative order, but are not limited to the specific order presented.

[0190] In this specification, a specific action that is assumed to be performed by the base station 10 may also be performed by its upper node depending on the situation. It is obvious that in a network composed of one or more network nodes having the base station 10, various actions performed for communication with the communication device 20 can be performed by the base station 10 and / or other network nodes other than the base station 10 (for example, consider MME or S-GW, etc., but not limited to this). In the above, the case where there is only one other network node other than the base station 10 is illustrated, but it can also be a combination of multiple other network nodes (for example, MME and S-GW).

[0191] Each form / implementation method described in this specification may be used alone or in combination, and may be switched and used according to execution.

[0192] Regarding the communication device 20, those skilled in the art sometimes also refer to it as a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client or some other appropriate terms.

[0193] Regarding the base station 10, those skilled in the art sometimes refer to it as NB (NodeB), eNB (enhanced NodeB), base station (Base Station), gNB, or some other appropriate terms.

[0194] The terms "determining" and "determining" used in this specification sometimes also include various actions. "Judgment" and "determination" may include, for example, matters that have been judged, calculated, calculated, processed, derived, investigated, searched (for example, searched in a table, database or other data structure), confirmed (ascertaining) as matters that are "judged" and "determined", etc. In addition, "judgment" and "determination" may include matters that have been received (for example, receiving information), transmitted (for example, transmitting information), input, output, accessed (for example, accessed data in a memory) as matters that are "judged" and "determined". In addition, "judgment" and "determination" may include matters that have been resolved (resolving), selected (selecting), chosen (choosing), established (establishing), compared (comparing), etc. as matters that are "judged" and "determined". That is, "judgment" and "determination" may include matters that have been "judged" and "determined" for any action.

[0195] The phrase "according to" used in this specification does not mean "only according to" unless otherwise clearly stated. In other words, the phrase "according to" means both "only according to" and "at least according to".

[0196] Whenever used in this specification or claims, the terms "include", "including" and their variations are as inclusive as the term "comprising". Furthermore, the term "or" used in this specification or claims does not mean exclusive or.

[0197] Throughout the present disclosure, when articles are added due to translation, such as a, an, and the in English, these articles may include plural ones unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0198] The present invention has been described in detail above, but it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in this specification. The present invention can be implemented as a modification and variation without departing from the gist and scope of the present invention as determined by the description of the claims. Therefore, the description of this specification is intended to illustrate and does not have any limiting significance on the present invention.

[0199] Description of symbols

[0200] 101: Sending department;

[0201] 102: receiving unit;

[0202] 103: Setting up the information management department;

[0203] 104: Control unit;

[0204] 201: Sending department;

[0205] 202: receiving department;

[0206] 203: Setting up the information management department;

[0207] 204: Control Department;

[0208] 1001: processor;

[0209] 1002: Memory;

[0210] 1003: memory;

[0211] 1004: Communication devices;

[0212] 1005: input device;

[0213] 1006: Output device.

Claims

1. A communication device, comprising: a transmitting unit that transmits data; and A control unit switches the beam used in transmitting each data or a plurality of data to be transmitted, for each data to be transmitted or a plurality of data to be transmitted.

2. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein: The control unit switches the beam used for transmitting the data or the plurality of data by randomly changing the beam pattern.

3. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein: The control unit receives a synchronization signal from a communication device on the other side of the communication by applying a plurality of beam patterns, and applies a beam pattern with the highest reception power, reception quality, or reception intensity to switch the beam used in transmitting the data or the plurality of data.

4. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein: The transmitting unit applies multiple beam patterns to the same signal, and transmits the same signal to which the multiple beam patterns are applied to a communication device on the receiving side. The control unit extracts an optimal beam pattern from the multiple beam patterns based on feedback from the communication device on the receiving side, and applies the extracted optimal beam pattern, thereby switching the beam used in transmitting the data or multiple data.

5. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein: The control unit switches the beam used for transmitting the data or the plurality of data by applying a plurality of precoders arranged in a predetermined time series.

6. A communication method based on a communication device, wherein: The communication method comprises the following steps: Sending step, sending data; as well as The control step switches the beam used in the transmission of each data or a plurality of data to be transmitted, in units of each data to be transmitted or a plurality of data to be transmitted.

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