Tunnel drilling acoustic wave transmitting acoustic system structure and its working method

Abstract

The application provides a tunnel drilling acoustic wave emission sound system structure and a working method thereof, which comprises a transmitting dipole, a transmitting monopole, an integrated circuit structure, a walking encoder, a gyroscope and a transmitting framework assembly. The transmitting framework assembly has a containing cavity, and the transmitting dipole, the walking encoder, the gyroscope and the transmitting monopole are arranged in the containing cavity. The transmitting dipole is used for transmitting two directional sound waves, and the two sound wave channels are perpendicular to each other. The transmitting monopole uniformly emits sound waves in all directions around the drilling hole. The integrated circuit structure is used for controlling the transmitting dipole and the transmitting monopole to emit different types of sound waves. The walking encoder is used for recording the speed of the structure body moving in the drilling hole, so as to calculate the position of the structure body in the drilling hole at each moment. The gyroscope is used for recording the pointing direction of the structure body, so as to obtain the azimuth angle of the geological body. The application has a clever structure and can improve the detection range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of borehole acoustic wave emission, specifically relating to a tunnel borehole acoustic wave emission acoustic system structure and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] As construction focus gradually shifts to areas with complex terrain and geology or those blocked by waterways, a large number of tunnels in treacherous mountainous areas and those crossing rivers and seas are emerging. The geological hazards they face are also becoming increasingly complex and diverse, seriously threatening tunnel construction safety. Especially when constructing tunnels in mountainous areas, the complexity of geological conditions presents enormous challenges. In this context, improving the safety and efficiency of tunnel construction has become an urgent problem to be solved. However, current mainstream tunnel advance prediction and detection methods are mostly at the meter level, which cannot meet the requirements for identifying sub-meter (<1 m) or even decimeter-level hazardous structures ahead of the tunnel face.

[0004] Borehole acoustic wave detection technology based on cross-dipole sound sources radiates a sound field from the borehole into the surrounding strata and detects the sound energy reflected back from the geological structures near the borehole. By analyzing and processing the full-wave signal received by the transducer, acoustic field imaging of the surrounding geological structures can be performed, and information on the geological structures near the borehole can be obtained, thus meeting the requirements for high-resolution and refined advanced detection. However, in tunnel and underground engineering applications, acoustic wave equipment weighing hundreds of kilograms and tens of meters in length cannot enter the narrow working face space, and large-diameter borehole detection instruments are difficult to apply in engineering boreholes smaller than 70mm, greatly increasing the construction difficulty and severely limiting its application. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a tunnel drilling acoustic wave emission system structure and its operating method.

[0006] According to some embodiments, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A tunnel drilling acoustic wave transmitting system structure includes a transmitting dipole, a transmitting monopole, an integrated circuit structure, a walking encoder, a gyroscope, and a transmitting frame assembly, wherein: The transmitting frame assembly has a receiving cavity, in which a transmitting dipole, a walking encoder, a gyroscope, and a transmitting monopole are disposed; The transmitting dipole is used to emit two directional sound waves, and the two sound wave channels are perpendicular to each other; The transmitting monopole uniformly emits sound waves in all directions around the borehole; The integrated circuit structure is used to control the transmitting dipole and transmitting monopole to emit different types of sound waves; The walking encoder is used to record the speed at which the structure moves inside the borehole, so as to calculate the position of the structure inside the borehole at each moment. The gyroscope is used to record the orientation of the structure to obtain the azimuth angle of the geological body.

[0007] As an alternative implementation, the transmitting dipole includes two sets of transmitting transducers, each set comprising multiple transducers, which are evenly arranged circumferentially within the receiving cavity. Each set of transmitting transducers is divided into an X-direction dipole and a Y-direction dipole, used to excite two mutually perpendicular directional sound waves.

[0008] As an alternative implementation, the operating frequency of the transmitting dipole is in the range of 1kHz to 6kHz, and the full wave train is 80 to 1000μs / ft.

[0009] As an alternative implementation, the transmitting monopole includes several monopole acoustic transducers, which are evenly arranged circumferentially within the receiving cavity to uniformly emit acoustic waves in all directions around the borehole.

[0010] As an alternative implementation, the operating frequency of the transmitting monopole is in the range of 15kHz to 30kHz, and the full wave train is 40 to 300μs / ft.

[0011] As an alternative implementation, the contact structure of the transmitting dipole and / or the transmitting monopole is protected with a water-resistant material. This ensures that the circuitry therein does not come into contact with water, preventing short-circuit damage.

[0012] As an alternative implementation, the integrated circuit structure includes a control circuit, an excitation circuit, and a water immersion protection device, wherein: Multiple sets of the excitation circuit are provided to excite the transmitting monopole and the transmitting dipole, respectively. The control circuit is used to control the transmitting dipole and transmitting monopole to excite different types of sound sources; The water immersion protection device is used to prevent electric shock after the integrated circuit structure, the transmitting dipole and / or the transmitting monopole come into contact with water.

[0013] As an alternative implementation, the excitation circuit employs bipolar pulse excitation with a frequency ranging from 1kHz to 30kHz and a voltage adjustable from 800V to 3000V.

[0014] As an alternative implementation, the surface of the receiving cavity is provided with a shell, which is made of steel.

[0015] As a further embodiment, the housing is provided with a slot at the mounting position of the transmitting dipole and / or the transmitting monopole.

[0016] The working method based on the above-mentioned tunnel drilling acoustic wave emission system structure includes the following steps: During the detection, measurements are performed sequentially of the X-direction sound source excited by the X-direction dipole emitting dipole, the Y-direction sound source excited by the Y-direction dipole emitting dipole, and the omnidirectional sound source excited by the monopole emitting monopole. During the measurement, the angle pointing of the gyroscope, the position information of the walking encoder, and the reflected signal received by the omnidirectional receiving acoustic system are obtained. Based on the walking encoder, the detection position at each measurement moment is determined. Based on the angle of the gyroscope, the angle between the orientation of the anomalous body and the X-direction of the structure is determined. Combined with the reflected signal received by the omnidirectional acoustic system, the orientation of the anomalous body is determined.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention utilizes a cavity inside the structural body and a slotted outer shell, which not only effectively reduces the weight of the overall device, but also ensures that the dipole acoustic transducer emitting dipoles and the monopole acoustic transducer emitting monopoles are fully coupled with the water during operation, thereby improving the propagation efficiency and clarity of sound waves inside the borehole and increasing the detection range.

[0018] This invention calculates the location of the structure in the borehole based on the movement speed, and sequentially controls the excitation of the X dipole, Y dipole, and monopole. Combined with a walking encoder, gyroscope, and omnidirectional acoustic receiving system, it can perform directional detection and positioning of geological bodies near the borehole, and has good directional capability.

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the transmitting acoustic system structure according to one embodiment; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the outer casing of a transmitting acoustic system according to one embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the directivity of a sound source in one embodiment. Figure 4 A flowchart of one embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating waterproofing of transducer contacts in one embodiment.

[0022] Among them, 1. transmitting dipole, 2. transmitting monopole, 3. integrated circuit connection structure, 4. walking encoder, 5. gyroscope, 6. transmitting acoustic system shell, and 7. transmitting frame assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0025] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0026] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features described in this application may be combined with each other.

[0027] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, a sound wave transmitting system structure suitable for tunnel drilling includes a transmitting dipole 1, a transmitting monopole 2, an integrated circuit structure, a walking encoder 4, a gyroscope 5, a sound transmitting system housing 6, and a transmitting frame assembly 7. In this embodiment, the transmitting frame assembly 7 is made of steel and has a receiving cavity for housing the transmitting dipole 1, the transmitting monopole 2, the integrated circuit structure, the walking encoder 4, and the gyroscope 5, making them an integrated structure. The sound transmitting system housing 6 is provided outside the receiving cavity to protect the safety of the above components.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the outer shell 6 of the sound transmission system is provided with a slot, the position of which matches the position of the corresponding pole of the transmitting dipole 1 and the transmitting monopole 2 to ensure the quality of sound wave transmission.

[0029] like Figure 5 As shown, the contact structures of the corresponding poles of the emitting dipole 1 and emitting monopole 2 are protected with epoxy resin to ensure that the circuit structure does not come into contact with water and to prevent short circuit damage.

[0030] In this embodiment, the integrated circuit connection structure 3 is used to connect the integrated circuit structure, which includes a control circuit, an excitation circuit, and a water immersion electric shock protection device. It is mainly used to control the emission of different types of sound waves by the transmitting dipole and the transmitting monopole.

[0031] In this embodiment, three sets of excitation circuits are provided to control the X-direction dipole and Y-direction dipole output excitation signals of the transmitting monopole 2 and transmitting dipole 1, respectively; bipolar pulse excitation is adopted, with a frequency in the range of 1kHz to 30kHz and a voltage that can be arbitrarily adjusted in the range of 800V to 3000V.

[0032] The control circuit is used to control the transmitting dipole 1 and the transmitting monopole 2 to excite different types of sound sources; The water immersion protection device ensures that even under extreme conditions, when the epoxy resin is damaged, each circuit can still operate normally for a short period of time when exposed to water, preventing technicians from being electrocuted.

[0033] All of the above-mentioned integrated circuit structures can be achieved using existing devices.

[0034] The transmitting dipole 1 consists of 8 transmitting transducers, which are divided into two groups. Each group is evenly arranged around the structure body. Each group of transmitting transducers is divided into an X-direction dipole and a Y-direction dipole. The X-direction dipole is connected in parallel with the X-dipole control circuit built into the transmitting sound system, and the Y-direction dipole is connected in parallel with the Y-dipole control circuit, which respectively excite two mutually perpendicular directional sound waves.

[0035] The transmitting monopole 2 is formed by combining two cylindrical piezoelectric materials. The transmitting monopole is controlled by the monopole control circuit built into the transmitting circuit to uniformly emit sound waves in all directions around the drill hole. The operating frequency of the transmitting monopole 2 is in the range of 15kHz~30kHz, and the full wave train is 40~300μs / ft.

[0036] The walking encoder 4 is used to record the speed at which the structure moves inside the borehole and calculates the position of the structure at each moment for later data processing.

[0037] Gyroscope 5 is used to record the orientation of the structure at each moment. This information is then incorporated into later calculations to obtain the azimuth angle of the anomalous body.

[0038] The outer shell 6 of the transmitting sound system is made of thin-walled steel. While protecting the internal structure of the main body from wear, it ensures that the transmitting sound source can be effectively received by the receiving sound system, thereby improving the receiving sensitivity. By adopting an opening method, water from the borehole is poured into the interior of the main body during operation, ensuring that the dipole and monopole acoustic transducers are fully coupled with the water, improving the propagation efficiency and clarity of the sound waves inside the borehole, and increasing the detection range of the main body.

[0039] Based on experiments, the simulated radiation range diagram of the dipole sound source in this embodiment is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, it has good orientation capabilities.

[0040] This embodiment is a sound wave transmitting device, which should be used in conjunction with an existing omnidirectional sound wave receiving system. The omnidirectional receiving system, like this invention, is a cylindrical structure of the same size and can be rigidly connected to this embodiment. Its frame is made of steel, and ceramic transducers are placed around it to receive reflected wave signals from anomalous objects in all directions.

[0041] Example 2 The structural detection method provided in Example 1 includes the following steps: During the detection, measurements are performed in three modes in sequence: X-direction dipole excitation of X-direction sound source, Y-direction dipole excitation of Y-direction sound source, and monopole excitation of omnidirectional sound source. When the transmitting acoustic system works in conjunction with the monopole receiving acoustic system, the workflow is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the motion speed recorded by the encoder of the walking device is first read, and then the drilling position of the structure body is calculated based on the motion speed. Then, the X-direction dipole, Y-direction dipole and monopole excitation sound source are sequentially controlled. In conjunction with the gyroscope and omnidirectional receiving sound system, the gyroscope records the instrument angle and the reflected signal received by the omnidirectional receiving sound system. Finally, the reflected wave is processed to obtain the azimuth angle to complete the non-rotational directional detection.

[0042] The orientation recognition process is based on the directionality of the dipole excitation signal, and its principle is as follows: Let θ be the angle between the orientation of the anomalous body and the direction pointed to by the instrument X. Then, the magnitude of the signal emitted by the dipole at the orientation of the instrument X and the signal received by the omnidirectional receiver is: ; in, A function for transmitting signals. The signal received by the omnidirectional receiver when the sound source in the X direction is excited is the magnitude of the signal.

[0043] The magnitude of the signal emitted by the instrument's Y-axis dipole and received by the omnidirectional receiver is: ; in, The signal received by the omnidirectional receiver when the sound source in the X direction is excited is the magnitude of the signal.

[0044] The location of the abnormal body can then be represented as: .

[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made by those skilled in the art without creative effort within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel drilling acoustic wave emitting system structure, characterized in that, It includes a transmitting dipole, a transmitting monopole, an integrated circuit structure, a walking encoder, a gyroscope, and a transmitting frame assembly, wherein: The transmitting frame assembly has a receiving cavity, in which a transmitting dipole, a walking encoder, a gyroscope, and a transmitting monopole are disposed; The transmitting dipole is used to emit two directional sound waves, and the two sound wave channels are perpendicular to each other; The transmitting monopole uniformly emits sound waves in all directions around the borehole; The integrated circuit structure is used to control the transmitting dipole and transmitting monopole to emit different types of sound waves; The walking encoder is used to record the speed at which the structure moves inside the borehole, so as to calculate the position of the structure inside the borehole at each moment. The gyroscope is used to record the orientation of the structure to obtain the azimuth angle of the geological body; The transmitting monopole includes several monopole acoustic transducers, which are evenly arranged circumferentially in the receiving cavity to uniformly emit acoustic waves in all directions around the borehole. The integrated circuit structure includes a control circuit, an excitation circuit, and a water immersion protection device for electric shock, wherein: The excitation circuit is configured in multiple sets, which respectively control the X-direction dipole and Y-direction dipole of the transmitting monopole and transmitting dipole to output excitation signals; The control circuit is used to control the transmitting dipole and transmitting monopole to excite different types of sound sources; The water immersion electric shock protector is used to prevent electric shock after the integrated circuit structure, the transmitting dipole and / or the transmitting monopole come into contact with water; The housing is provided with a slot at the mounting position of the transmitting dipole and / or the transmitting monopole; Based on the motion speed recorded by the encoder of the walking device, the drilling position of the structure body is calculated. The X-direction dipole, Y-direction dipole and monopole excitation sound source are sequentially controlled. In conjunction with the gyroscope and omnidirectional receiving sound system, the angle pointing of the gyroscope recording instrument and the reflected signal received by the omnidirectional receiving sound system are obtained. The reflected wave is processed to obtain the azimuth angle, and the non-rotational directional detection is completed.

2. The acoustic system structure for tunnel drilling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transmitting dipole includes two sets of transmitting transducers, each set comprising multiple transducers, which are circumferentially uniform. Arranged within the receiving cavity, each set of transmitting transducers consists of an X-direction dipole and a Y-direction dipole, used to excite two mutually perpendicular directional sound waves.

3. The acoustic system structure for tunnel drilling as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The operating frequency of the transmitting dipole is in the range of 1kHz to 6kHz, and the full wave train is 80 to 1000 μs / ft.

4. The acoustic system structure for tunnel drilling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The operating frequency of the transmitting monopole is in the range of 15kHz to 30kHz, and the full wave train is 40 to 300μs / ft.

5. The acoustic system structure for tunnel drilling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The contact structure of the transmitting dipole and / or the transmitting monopole is protected by a water-resistant material.

6. The acoustic system structure for tunnel drilling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The excitation circuit uses bipolar pulse excitation with a frequency in the range of 1kHz to 30kHz and a voltage in the range of 800V to 3000V.

7. The acoustic system structure for tunnel drilling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the receiving cavity is provided with an outer shell, which is made of steel.

8. A method for operating a tunnel borehole acoustic wave emitting acoustic system structure based on any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: During the detection, measurements are performed sequentially of the X-direction sound source excited by the X-direction dipole emitting dipole, the Y-direction sound source excited by the Y-direction dipole emitting dipole, and the omnidirectional sound source excited by the monopole emitting monopole. During the measurement, the angle pointing of the gyroscope, the position information of the walking encoder, and the reflected signal received by the omnidirectional receiving acoustic system are obtained. Based on the walking encoder, the detection position at each measurement moment is determined. Based on the angle of the gyroscope, the angle between the orientation of the anomalous body and the X-direction of the structure is determined. Combined with the reflected signal received by the omnidirectional acoustic system, the orientation of the anomalous body is determined.

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