Dispensing unit for an agricultural dispenser and method of operation of a dispensing unit

Abstract

The invention relates to a distribution unit (10) for an agricultural distributor and a method for operating a distribution unit (10). The distribution unit has a fertilizer device (22) for fertilizing an agricultural field and a seeding device (34) for seeding an agricultural field, wherein the fertilizer device (22) and the seeding device (34) are fastened on a carrier mechanism (12), which allows to change the relative position between the fertilizer device (22) and the seeding device (34).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a dispensing unit for an agricultural dispenser, and a method for operating the dispensing unit. Background Technology

[0002] Agricultural dispensers can be equipped with both fertilization and seeding units for combined application of fertilizer and seeds. The fertilization and seeding units are typically mounted on a common support mechanism, the structure of which allows for changes in their relative positions.

[0003] For example, from document US2015 / 0230391 A1, there is a distribution unit having a fertilization device for fertilization and a sowing device for sowing, wherein the height difference between the fertilization device and the sowing device can be determined to achieve a sowing depth that is as uniform and targeted as possible.

[0004] Document DE 10 2010 015 166 B4 discloses an angle adjustment for seed distribution lines, wherein the adjustment depends on the characteristics of the seeds and the travel speed.

[0005] However, in many applications, a specific longitudinal distance needs to be maintained between fertilizer and seeds in the field, where the longitudinal distance between the applied fertilizer and the sown seeds can vary due to the variable relative positions between the fertilization device and the sowing device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to maintain the expected longitudinal distance between the fertilizer applied to the field and the seeds sown, when the dispensing unit has a bearing mechanism that allows changes in the relative position between the fertilizing device and the sowing device.

[0007] The problem is solved by the type of distribution unit mentioned at the beginning, wherein the distribution unit according to the invention has a position detection system adapted to detect the relative position between the fertilization device and the sowing device based on sensors, the relative position affecting the longitudinal distance between the fertilizer applied to the farmland and the seeds sown in the farmland.

[0008] By detecting the relative position between the fertilization and sowing devices using sensors, it can be determined whether the longitudinal distance between the applied fertilizer and the sown seeds, caused by the relative position, is within acceptable limits. If the longitudinal distance is outside the acceptable limits, measures need to be taken to correct it. For example, these measures may involve changing the position and / or orientation of the fertilization and / or sowing devices. Alternatively or additionally, the operation of the fertilizer metering and / or seed metering devices in the dispensing unit can be adjusted, at least temporarily, to correct, for example, the longitudinal distance between the seeds metered separately by the seed metering device and the fertilizer portions produced by the fertilizer metering device. Thus, through the position detection system, fertilization and sowing can be coordinated so that, despite changes in relative position, the expected longitudinal distance between the applied fertilizer and the sown seeds is maintained or specifically restored.

[0009] The fertilization device can be a fertilizer coulter. The fertilizer coulter can be a disc coulter and / or include one or more coulter discs and / or fertilizer lines.

[0010] The seeding device may be a seeding blade. The seeding blade may be a disc blade and / or include one or more blade discs and / or seeding lines.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the distribution unit according to the invention, the position detection system has at least one sensor and an electronic data processing device, wherein the electronic data processing device is adapted to evaluate sensor data from the sensor to detect the relative position between the fertilizing device and the sowing device. The sensor data is not necessarily distance data. The sensor data can be data regarding the position and / or orientation of the fertilizing device, and / or data regarding the position and / or orientation of components connected to the fertilizing device (e.g., components of a supporting mechanism). The sensor data can also be data regarding the position and / or orientation of the sowing device, and / or data regarding the position and / or orientation of components connected to the sowing device (e.g., components of a supporting mechanism). Such data allows conclusions to be drawn regarding the relative position between the fertilizing device and the sowing device, and can be processed in this regard by the data processing device.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the dispensing unit according to the invention, the fertilizing device has a fertilizer dispensing port for dispensing fertilizer toward the soil of the farmland. Alternatively or additionally, the sowing device may have a seed dispensing port for dispensing seeds toward the soil of the farmland. The carrying mechanism preferably allows for changing the longitudinal distance between the fertilizer dispensing port and the seed dispensing port. The relative position between the fertilizing device and the sowing device can be detected by a sensor-based position detection system, preferably including the longitudinal distance between the fertilizer dispensing port and the seed dispensing port. The position detection system is preferably adapted to determine the position of the fertilizer dispensing port and the position of the seed dispensing port, and / or the longitudinal offset of the fertilizer dispensing port and / or the seed dispensing port from the starting position. The fertilizer dispensing port, in particular by its position, predetermines the fertilizer dispensing time. The seed dispensing port, in particular by its position, predetermines the seed dispensing time.

[0013] In another preferred embodiment of the distribution unit according to the invention, the supporting mechanism allows for changing the orientation of the fertilizing device, wherein the relative position between the fertilizing device and the sowing device can be detected by a position detection system based on sensors, including the orientation of the fertilizing device and / or the relative orientation of the fertilizing device and the sowing device. Alternatively or additionally, the supporting mechanism allows for changing the orientation of the sowing device, wherein the relative position between the fertilizing device and the sowing device can be detected by a position detection system based on sensors, including the orientation of the sowing device and / or the relative orientation of the sowing device and the fertilizing device. By changing the inclination of the fertilizing device relative to the soil, the fertilizer distribution direction is changed, thereby changing the longitudinal distance between the applied fertilizer and the sown seeds. By changing the inclination of the sowing device, the seed distribution direction is changed, thereby changing the longitudinal distance between the applied fertilizer and the sown seeds. Therefore, the orientation detection of the fertilizing device and / or the sowing device can be used to determine whether the longitudinal distance between the applied fertilizer and the sown seeds is within an acceptable range.

[0014] Furthermore, the dispensing unit according to the invention is preferred, wherein the carrying mechanism has an attachment member through which the carrying mechanism can be fastened to the unit carrier of the dispenser, particularly the crossbeam. The carrying mechanism preferably includes a deflection mechanism that affects sowing, and through this deflection mechanism, the sowing device can be deflected relative to the attachment member of the carrying mechanism, particularly to follow the soil contours of the farmland. For example, the deflection mechanism can be a parallelogram linkage mechanism. With the deflection mechanism, the sowing device can be deflected vertically, thereby maintaining the desired sowing depth even on uneven terrain with bumps and potholes.

[0015] In another preferred embodiment of the dispensing unit according to the invention, at least one sensor of the position detection system is adapted to detect the deflection state of the deflection mechanism affecting sowing. The sensor of the position detection system can be a position sensor, particularly an angle sensor. The sensor is preferably arranged on the deflection mechanism affecting sowing. Alternatively, the sensor can, for example, optically detect the soil profile, thereby allowing the deflection of the deflection mechanism to be calculated. The electronic data processing device is preferably adapted to calculate the relative position between the fertilization device and the sowing device based on the deflection state of the deflection mechanism affecting sowing. The electronic data processing device is preferably adapted to calculate the longitudinal distance between the fertilizer dispensing port and the seed dispensing port based on the deflection state of the deflection mechanism affecting sowing.

[0016] Furthermore, the dispensing unit according to the invention is preferred, wherein the supporting mechanism includes a deflection mechanism that affects fertilization. By means of the deflection mechanism affecting fertilization, the fertilizing device can be deflected relative to the attachment member of the supporting mechanism, particularly to follow the soil contour of the farmland. The deflection mechanism affecting the fertilizing device preferably includes a plurality (e.g., two) of links articulated to each other, wherein one link is hinged to the attachment member and another link is hinged to the fertilizing device.

[0017] Preferably, a further improvement of the dispensing unit according to the invention is that at least one sensor of the position detection system is adapted to detect the deflection state of the deflection mechanism affecting fertilization. The sensor of the position detection system can be a position sensor, particularly an angle sensor. The sensor is preferably arranged on the deflection mechanism affecting fertilization. Alternatively, the sensor can, for example, optically detect the soil profile, thereby allowing the deflection of the deflection mechanism to be calculated. The electronic processing device is preferably adapted to calculate the relative position between the fertilization device and the seeding device based on the deflection state of the deflection mechanism affecting fertilization. The electronic data processing device is preferably adapted to calculate the longitudinal distance between the fertilizer dispensing port and the seed dispensing port based on the deflection state of the deflection mechanism affecting fertilization.

[0018] Furthermore, the distribution unit according to the invention is preferred, wherein the deflection mechanism affecting sowing and the deflection mechanism affecting fertilization are mechanically connected to each other. The deflection mechanism affecting sowing and the deflection mechanism affecting fertilization are preferably connected to each other via a connecting rod. Deflection of the deflection mechanism affecting sowing preferably causes deflection of the deflection mechanism affecting fertilization. Conversely, deflection of the deflection mechanism affecting fertilization can cause deflection of the deflection mechanism affecting sowing. Preferably, the deflection mechanism affecting fertilization has a free wheel relative to the deflection mechanism affecting sowing, such that deflection of the deflection mechanism affecting sowing causes deflection of the deflection mechanism affecting fertilization, but not vice versa.

[0019] The fertilization depth can be changed by a movable adjusting element of the distribution unit. The adjusting element can be constructed as a rotatable eccentric component. Preferably, the adjusting element connects the deflection mechanism affecting sowing to the connecting rod. The distance between the fertilization device and the deflection mechanism affecting sowing can be changed by twisting the adjusting element to change the upper hinge point of the connecting rod. Several fertilization depths can be set by the adjusting element.

[0020] In another preferred embodiment of the dispensing unit according to the invention, the deflection mechanism affecting fertilization includes a suspension device, particularly a leaf spring suspension device. The suspension device connects an attachment member of the load-bearing mechanism to the fertilization device, through which the load-bearing mechanism can be secured to the unit load member, particularly the crossbeam. This suspension device preferably allows the fertilization device to be compressed and / or spring back, particularly in the vertical direction.

[0021] Preferably, a further improvement of the distribution unit according to the invention is that the position detection system is adapted to calculate a stable operating value characterizing the smooth operation of the fertilization device, particularly based on the positional change of the fertilization device determined over a period of time and / or based on the relative position between the fertilization device and the sowing device determined over a period of time. Alternatively or additionally, the position detection system may be adapted to calculate a stable operating value characterizing the smooth operation of the sowing device, particularly based on the positional change of the sowing device determined over a period of time and / or based on the relative position between the fertilization device and the sowing device determined over a period of time. Based on the respective stable operating values, it can be determined whether the smooth operation of the fertilization device and the smooth operation of the sowing device are within acceptable limits. If the smooth operation of the fertilization device and / or the smooth operation of the sowing device are outside acceptable limits, measures can be taken to improve or enhance operational stability.

[0022] In another preferred embodiment, the dispensing unit according to the invention has a fertilizer metering device suitable for metering the fertilizer to be applied. The fertilizer metering device may be a fertilizer portioner adapted to portion the fertilizer to be applied, that is, to combine the fertilizer to be applied into a pile of several particles (i.e., multiple portions) and distribute them in bundles at predetermined time intervals, thereby forming a dispensing cycle, rather than the usual continuous fertilization on a continuous belt. Furthermore, the dispensing unit may have a seed metering device adapted to meter the seeds to be sown. In particular, the seed metering device is a seed separating device adapted to separate the seeds to be sown. Preferably, the dispensing unit has a control device, wherein the control device may be adapted to control the operation of the fertilizer metering device according to the relative position between the fertilizing device and the sowing device. Alternatively or additionally, the control device may be adapted to control the operation of the seed metering device according to the relative position between the fertilizing device and the sowing device. Alternatively or additionally, the control device may be adapted to coordinate the operation of the fertilizer metering device and the operation of the seed metering device with each other according to the relative position between the fertilizing device and the sowing device. By controlling the operation of the fertilizer metering device and / or seed metering device based on the relative position between the fertilizing and sowing devices, the desired fertilizer and seed dispensing relationship can be achieved on farmland soil, even if the longitudinal distance between the fertilizing and / or sowing devices changes due to deflection. Thus, even if the fertilizing and / or sowing devices are adjusted to fit the soil contours, fertilization and sowing can be synchronized by coordinating the timing of fertilizer and seed dispensing. The fertilizer metering device may include a rotatably driven dispensing element, such as a dispensing wing. Controlling the operation of the fertilizer metering device can result in temporary speed adjustments at the dispensing element, such as temporary acceleration or deceleration, thereby temporarily altering the frequency of fertilizer dispensing. The seed metering device may include a rotatably driven separating element, such as a separating disc. Controlling the operation of the seed metering device can result in temporary speed adjustments at the separating element, such as temporary acceleration or deceleration, thereby temporarily altering the frequency of separating seeds (single seeds) dispensing.

[0023] In another preferred embodiment of the dispensing unit according to the invention, the fertilizing device includes a fertilization line and / or a fertilizer dispensing port. Alternatively or additionally, the sowing device includes a sowing line and / or a seed dispensing port. The control device may be adapted to control the positioning drive device according to the relative position between the fertilizing device and the sowing device to change the position of the fertilizer dispensing port and / or the orientation of the fertilization line. Alternatively or additionally, the control device may be adapted to control the positioning drive device according to the relative position between the fertilizing device and the sowing device to change the position of the seed dispensing port and / or the orientation of the sowing line. The positioning drive device may be an electric motor. The positioning drive device may be a linear motor. The control device may be adapted to control the compaction force of the fertilizing device and / or the sowing device on the soil according to the relative position between the fertilizing device and the sowing device, thereby improving operational stability.

[0024] The problem to be solved by the present invention is further solved by the method mentioned at the beginning, wherein, in the context of the method according to the invention, changes in the relative position between the fertilizing device and the sowing device are detected by a position detection system. Then, a control device controls the operation of a fertilizer metering device of a dispensing unit, adapted to meter the fertilizer to be applied, based on the detected relative position between the fertilizing device and the sowing device. Specifically, the fertilizer metering device controlled by the control device is a fertilizer dispenser adapted to portion the fertilizer to be applied. Alternatively or additionally, the control device controls the operation of a seed metering device of the dispensing unit, adapted to meter the seeds to be sown, based on the detected relative position between the fertilizing device and the sowing device. The seed metering device controlled by the control device is preferably a seed separating device adapted to separate the seeds to be sown.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the control device controls the positioning drive device of the dispensing unit based on the detected relative position between the fertilizing device and the sowing device, so as to change the position of the fertilizer dispensing port of the dispensing unit and / or the orientation of the fertilization line of the dispensing unit. Alternatively or additionally, the control device controls the positioning drive device of the dispensing unit based on the detected relative position between the fertilizing device and the sowing device, so as to change the position of the seed dispensing port of the dispensing unit and / or the orientation of the sowing line of the dispensing unit. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be explained and described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic side view of the allocation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic side view of the deflection mechanism that affects the seeding of the distribution unit shown;

[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the distribution unit moving through the depressions in the farmland soil.

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the distribution unit moving on the protrusions of farmland soil.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic side view of a distribution unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a first fertilization depth is provided on the fertilization device;

[0032] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A schematic side view of the distribution unit shown, wherein a second fertilization depth is provided on the fertilization device;

[0033] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 A schematic side view of the distribution unit shown, wherein a third fertilization depth is provided on the fertilization device;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic side view of a distribution unit according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A schematic side view of the deflection mechanism that affects the seeding of the distribution unit shown;

[0036] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 The diagram shows the distribution unit moving along the ridges of the farmland soil; and

[0037] Figure 11 yes Figure 8 The diagram shows the distribution unit moving through the depressions in the farmland soil.

[0038] Figure Labels

[0039] 10 allocation units

[0040] 12. Bearing mechanism

[0041] 14 Attachment parts

[0042] 16-unit carrier

[0043] 18 Deflection Mechanism

[0044] 20a, 20b connecting rods

[0045] 22 Fertilizer application device

[0046] 24 Plowshares

[0047] 26 Fertilizer application line

[0048] 28 Fertilizer Dispensing Port

[0049] 30 Deflection Mechanism

[0050] 32a, 32b connecting rods

[0051] 34 Seeding device

[0052] 35 Load-bearing components

[0053] 36 Plowshares

[0054] 38 Seeding Line

[0055] 40 Seed Dispensing Ports

[0056] 42 Furrow Former

[0057] 44 Seed Metering Device

[0058] 46 Storage containers

[0059] 48 Container carrier

[0060] 50 Control devices

[0061] 52 Data processing device

[0062] 54 sensors

[0063] 56 sensors

[0064] 58 Connecting rod

[0065] 60 Adjustment element

[0066] 62 capture rollers

[0067] 64 pressure rollers

[0068] 66 Depth Guide Roller

[0069] 68 Suspension device

[0070] B Soil

[0071] Fertilization depth (T0, T1, T2)

[0072] x Vertical distance Detailed Implementation

[0073] Figure 1A dispensing unit 10 of an agricultural dispenser is shown, which can be used to dispense fertilizer and seeds on farmland. Agricultural dispensers typically have multiple dispensing units 10 arranged laterally to each other in the direction of travel, wherein each dispensing unit is, for example, assigned to a row, so that fertilizer and seeds can be distributed in rows on the farmland. Therefore, the corresponding dispensing unit 10 is also referred to as a row unit.

[0074] The dispensing unit 10 includes a support mechanism 12. The support mechanism 12 includes an attachment member 14, which fastens the support mechanism 12 to the unit support member 16 of the dispenser. The unit support member 16 is a crossbeam extending transversely to the direction of travel, on which multiple dispensing units 10 can be fastened.

[0075] The carrying mechanism 12 includes a deflection mechanism 18 having two links 20a and 20b articulated together, wherein link 20a is hinged to attachment member 14. A fertilizer applicator 22 is attached to link 20b and is used to apply fertilizer to the farmland. The fertilizer applicator 22 is a fertilizer plowshare comprising two plowshare discs 24, wherein, in this illustration, the front plowshare disc 24 is removed, revealing the fertilizer line 26 arranged between the plowshare discs 24. Fertilizer to be applied can be supplied to the fertilizer line 26, which is distributed through fertilizer dispensing ports 28 of the fertilizer line 26 toward the farmland soil B. The fertilizer line 26 can be connected to a fertilizer metering device for measuring the fertilizer to be applied. For example, the fertilizer metering device could be a fertilizer dispenser that measures fertilizer so that fertilizer portions can be applied to the farmland via the fertilizer line 26. Fertilizer portions are aggregates of fertilizer granules that can be bundled and applied to the field. This creates a distribution cycle among the individual fertilizer portions, unlike the previously common continuous fertilization in the form of strips, where the variable relative positions between the fertilization and seeding devices are irrelevant.

[0076] The carrying mechanism 12 also includes a deflection mechanism 30, which is configured as a parallelogram linkage with an upper link 32a and a lower link 32b. The links 32a and 32b of the deflection mechanism 30 are hinged to the attachment member 14 on one side and to the carrying member 35 on the other side. A seeding device 34 in the form of a seeding plow is attached to the carrying member 35. The seeding device 34 is used to place seeds onto the field and includes two plow discs 36 and a seeding line 38 arranged between the plow discs 36. Separated seeds are distributed onto the field through a seed dispensing port 40 of the seeding line 38. In the direction of travel in front of the seed dispensing port 40, the seeding device 34 includes a furrow former 42 for forming seed furrows opened by the plow discs 36.

[0077] The fertilization device 22 can be deflected by the deflection mechanism 18 so that the attachment part 14 relative to the support mechanism 12 follows the soil contour of the farmland. The seeding device 34 can be deflected by the deflection mechanism 30 so that the attachment part 14 relative to the support mechanism 12 follows the soil contour of the farmland.

[0078] Seed particles are separated by a seed metering device 44, which is configured as a seed separation device. The seed metering device 44 may include a rotatably driven separation element, such as a separation disc, wherein seed receiving grooves in the separation disc are used to separate seed particles. Seeds are loaded into a storage container 46 by the seed metering device 44, wherein the storage container 46 is connected to the carrying mechanism 12 via a container carrier 48.

[0079] The bearing mechanism 12 allows the relative positions between the fertilizer application device 22 and the seeding device 34 to be changed via the deflection mechanism 18 and the deflection mechanism 30.

[0080] The distribution unit 10 includes position detection systems 52 and 54, which can detect the relative position between the fertilization device 22 and the seeding device 34 based on sensors. This relative position affects the longitudinal distance between the fertilizer applied to the field and the seeds sown on the field. The position detection system includes sensor 54 and electronic data processing device 52, wherein the electronic data processing device 52 evaluates sensor data to detect the relative position between the fertilization device and the seeding device 34. The carrying mechanism 12 allows for changes in the longitudinal distance x between the fertilizer dispensing port 28 and the seed dispensing port 40. The relative position between the fertilization device 22 and the seeding device 34 detected by the position detection systems 52 and 54 is related to the longitudinal distance x between the fertilizer dispensing port 28 and the seed dispensing port 40. Since the fertilizer dispensing port 28 determines the fertilizer dispensing point and the seed dispensing port 40 determines the seed dispensing point, the longitudinal distance x between the fertilizer dispensing port 28 and the seed dispensing port 40 can be determined.

[0081] Sensor 54 is arranged at the hinge between connecting rods 20a and 20b of deflection mechanism 18 and is used to detect the deflection state of deflection mechanism 18 that affects fertilization. Sensor 54 is configured as an angle sensor and detects the angle between connecting rods 20a and 20b. Based on the deflection state of deflection mechanism 18 that affects fertilization, electronic data processing device 52 calculates the longitudinal distance x between fertilizer dispensing port 28 and seed dispensing port 40. Deflection mechanism 18 that affects fertilization and deflection mechanism 30 that affects sowing are mechanically connected to each other by connecting rod 58. Connecting rod 58 is hinged to lower connecting rod 32b of deflection mechanism 30 and connecting rod 20b of deflection mechanism 18.

[0082] If the data processing device 52 determines that the longitudinal distance x is outside the permissible range due to the deflection of the fertilization device 22 and / or the deflection of the seeding device 34, causing the relative positions of fertilizer and seeds on the farmland to be inconsistent with expectations, the operation of the fertilizer metering device and / or the seed metering device 44 can be adjusted by the control device 50. By adjusting the operation of the fertilizer metering device and / or the seed metering device, the dispensing time of the generated fertilizer portions and / or the separated seeds can be temporarily adjusted, thereby resynchronizing fertilization and sowing by dispensing fertilizer and seeds at coordinated times. For this purpose, for example, the speed of the rotatably driven dispensing element (e.g., dispensing wing) of the fertilizer metering device and / or the speed of the separating element (e.g., separating disc) of the seed metering device 44 can be temporarily adjusted.

[0083] like Figure 2 As shown, in addition to the sensor 54 on the deflection mechanism 18, the position detection system may alternatively or additionally include a sensor 56 on the deflection mechanism 30. The sensor 56 is used to detect the deflection state of the deflection mechanism 30. The deflection state of the deflection mechanism 30 is detected by the sensor 56 through the orientation of the upper connecting rod 32a.

[0084] Then, the electronic data processing device 52 also calculates the longitudinal distance x between the fertilizer dispensing port 28 and the seed dispensing port 40 based on the deflection state of the deflection mechanism 30 that affects sowing. The position detection system may include any one of sensors 54 and 56 or both of sensors 54 and 56.

[0085] Figure 3 and Figure 4 The kinematic coupling of deflection mechanism 18 and deflection mechanism 30 via connecting rod 58 is shown.

[0086] The dispensing unit 10 includes a depth guide roller 66, which is arranged laterally next to the seeding device 34. Behind the plow disc 36 of the seeding device 34 are a capturing roller 62 for capturing the seeds and a V-shaped pressure roller 64 for closing the seed furrow.

[0087] exist Figure 3 In the illustrated configuration, the depth guide roller 66 passes over depressions, causing the seeding device 34 to deflect downwards relative to the attachment member 14 via the deflection mechanism 30. The deflection of the deflection mechanism 30 also affects the deflection state of the deflection mechanism 18, which influences fertilization, via the connecting rod 58. Therefore, although there is no depth control roller on the fertilization device 22, the fertilization device 22 is still guided in a manner specific to the soil profile.

[0088] exist Figure 4In the distribution state shown, the depth guide roller 66 passes over the protrusion, causing the seeding device 34 to deflect upward relative to the attachment member 14 via the deflection mechanism 30. This deflection also affects the deflection state of the deflection mechanism 18, which influences fertilization, via the connecting rod 58, causing the fertilization device 22 to be guided again in a manner specific to the soil profile.

[0089] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the fertilizer application depth can be changed by adjusting element 60. Adjusting element 60 is constructed as an eccentric member and connects the lower connecting rod 32b of the deflection mechanism 30 to the connecting rod 58. The distance between the plowshare 24 of the fertilizer applicator 22 and the deflection mechanism 30 can be changed by adjusting element 60 to alter the upper hinge point of the connecting rod 58. Figure 5 The settings shown include a minimum fertilization depth T0.

[0090] like Figure 6 As shown, the fertilization depth can be adjusted to dimension T1 by twisting the eccentrically set element 60. Figure 7 As shown, further twisting of the eccentrically positioned element 60 results in a further increase in fertilization depth to dimension T2.

[0091] Figure 8 The distribution unit 10 is shown, wherein the deflection mechanism 18 that affects fertilization includes a suspension device 68, which is configured as a leaf spring suspension device.

[0092] The distribution unit 10 includes position detection systems 52 and 56, which are used to detect the relative position between the fertilization device 22 and the seeding device 34 based on sensors, which affects the longitudinal distance of the fertilizer applied to the farmland and the seeds sown on the farmland.

[0093] like Figure 9 As shown, the sensor 56 of the position detection system is arranged on the upper link 32a of the deflection mechanism 30, so that the deflection state of the deflection mechanism 30 can be determined by the orientation of the upper link 32a.

[0094] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the fertilization device 22 can also follow the contour of the soil B via the leaf spring suspension device 68 between the attachment member 14 and the fertilization device 22. In this respect, when traveling on a protrusion (see... Figure 10 ) and when traveling on potholes (see Figure 11 This allows for maintaining an appropriate fertilization depth.

Claims

1. A dispensing unit (10) for an agricultural dispenser, comprising: Fertilizer applicator (22) for applying fertilizer to farmland; and Seeding device (34), used for sowing in farmland, The fertilizing device (22) and the sowing device (34) are fastened to the supporting mechanism (12), which allows for changes in the relative positions of the fertilizing device (22) and the sowing device (34). The distribution unit (10) includes a position detection system (52, 54, 56), which is adapted to detect the relative position between the fertilization device (22) and the seeding device (34) based on sensors. This relative position affects the longitudinal distance between the fertilizer applied to the farmland and the seeds sown on the farmland. The characteristic feature is that the allocation unit (10) comprises: - Fertilizer metering device, suitable for metering fertilizer to be applied; - Seed metering device (44), suitable for metering seeds to be sown; and - Control device (50), adapted to: - Control the operation of the fertilizer metering device according to the relative position between the fertilizer applicator (22) and the seeding device (34); and / or - Control the operation of the seed metering device (44) according to the relative position between the fertilization device (22) and the sowing device (34); and / or - The operation of the fertilizer metering device is coordinated with the operation of the seed metering device (44) according to the relative position between the fertilizer application device (22) and the seeding device (34).

2. The allocation unit (10) according to claim 1. Its features are, The position detection system (52, 54, 56) has at least one sensor (54, 56) and an electronic data processing device (52), wherein the electronic data processing device (52) is adapted to evaluate sensor data from the sensor to detect the relative position between the fertilization device (22) and the seeding device (34).

3. The allocation unit (10) according to claim 1 or 2. Its features are, - The fertilization device (22) has a fertilizer dispensing port (28) for dispensing fertilizer toward the farmland soil (B); and - The seeding device (34) has a seed dispensing port (40) for dispensing seeds toward the farmland soil (B); The supporting mechanism (12) allows for changing the longitudinal distance (x) between the fertilizer dispensing port (28) and the seed dispensing port (40), and the relative position between the fertilizing device (22) and the sowing device (34) detected by the position detection system (52, 54, 56) based on the sensor includes the longitudinal distance (x) between the fertilizer dispensing port (28) and the seed dispensing port (40).

4. The allocation unit (10) according to claim 1 or 2. Its features are, The supporting mechanism (12) allows the orientation of the fertilizing device (22) to be changed, wherein the relative position between the fertilizing device (22) and the sowing device (34) includes the orientation of the fertilizing device (22) and / or the relative orientation of the fertilizing device (22) and the sowing device (34).

5. The allocation unit (10) according to claim 1 or 2. Its features are, The carrier mechanism (12) has an attachment member (14) through which the carrier mechanism (12) can be fastened to the unit carrier (16) of the distributor.

6. The allocation unit (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The unit support (16) is the crossbeam of the distributor.

7. The allocation unit (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The carrying mechanism (12) includes a deflection mechanism (30) that affects sowing, and the sowing device (34) is able to deflect relative to the attachment part (14) of the carrying mechanism (12) via the deflection mechanism (30) to follow the soil contour of the farmland.

8. The allocation unit (10) according to claim 7. Its features are, At least one sensor (54, 56) of the position detection system (52, 54, 56) is adapted to detect the deflection state of the deflection mechanism (30) that affects seeding.

9. The allocation unit (10) according to claim 7. Its features are, The bearing mechanism (12) includes a deflection mechanism (18) that affects fertilization, and the fertilization device (22) is able to deflect relative to the attachment part (14) of the bearing mechanism (12) via the deflection mechanism (18) to follow the soil contour of the farmland.

10. The allocation unit (10) according to claim 9. Its features are, At least one sensor (54, 56) of the position detection system (52, 54, 56) is adapted to detect the deflection state of the deflection mechanism (18) that affects fertilization.

11. The allocation unit (10) according to claim 9. Its features are, The deflection mechanism (30) affecting sowing and the deflection mechanism (18) affecting fertilization are mechanically connected to each other.

12. The allocation unit (10) according to claim 9. Its features are, The deflection mechanism (18) that affects fertilization includes a suspension device (68).

13. The allocation unit (10) according to claim 1 or 2. Its features are, The position detection system (52, 54, 56) is adapted to calculate a stable operating value characterizing the stable operation of the fertilization device (22) based on the positional changes of the fertilization device (22) determined over a period of time and / or based on the relative positions between the fertilization device (22) and the seeding device (34) determined over a period of time; and / or The position detection system (52, 54, 56) is adapted to calculate a stable operating value characterizing the stable operation of the sowing device (34) based on the position change of the sowing device (34) determined over a period of time and / or based on the relative position between the fertilization device (22) and the sowing device (34) determined over a period of time.

14. The allocation unit (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The fertilizer metering device is a fertilizer dispenser suitable for dividing the fertilizer to be applied into portions, and the seed metering device (44) is a seed particle separator suitable for separating the seeds to be sown.

15. The allocation unit (10) according to claim 1 or 2. Its features are, - The fertilization device (22) includes a fertilization line (26) and / or a fertilizer dispensing port (28); and / or - The seeding device (34) includes a seeding line (38) and / or a seed dispensing port (40). The control device (50) is adapted to: - The positioning drive device is controlled according to the relative position between the fertilizing device (22) and the sowing device (34) to change the position of the fertilizer dispensing port (28) and / or the orientation of the fertilization line (26); and / or - The positioning drive device is controlled according to the relative position between the fertilization device (22) and the sowing device (34) to change the position of the seed dispensing port (40) and / or the orientation of the sowing line (38).

16. A method of operating an allocation unit, wherein the allocation unit is the allocation unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims. Its features are, The method includes the following steps: - The variable relative position between the fertilization device (22) and the seeding device (34) is detected by the position detection system (52, 54, 56); The control device (50) determines the relative position between the fertilization device (22) and the sowing device (34) based on the detected relative positions. - The operation of the fertilizer metering device of the control distribution unit (10); and / or - The operation of the seed metering device (44) of the control distribution unit (10).

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, The fertilizer metering device is a fertilizer dispenser suitable for dividing the fertilizer to be applied into portions, and the seed metering device (44) is a seed separator suitable for separating the seeds to be sown.

18. The method according to claim 16, Its features are, The control device (50) determines the relative position between the detected fertilization device (22) and the seeding device (34) based on the position of the seeding device. - Control the positioning drive device of the distribution unit (10) to change the position of the fertilizer dispensing port (28) of the distribution unit (10) and / or the orientation of the fertilizer application line (26) of the distribution unit (10); and / or - Control the positioning drive device of the distribution unit (10) to change the position of the seed distribution port (40) of the distribution unit (10) and / or the orientation of the seeding line (38) of the distribution unit (10).

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