Method and device for estimating charging remaining time of battery system and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and device for estimating charging remaining time of a battery system, a battery management system and a vehicle. The method comprises the steps that when the battery system is charged, the initial temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC to be charged and the cooling temperature used for cooling the battery system are obtained, and the cooling temperature is kept constant in the charging process of the battery system; obtaining a mapping relation among the plurality of temperature sections, the plurality of SOC sections and the charging accumulation time of the battery system, wherein the mapping relation indicates the charging accumulation time of each corresponding charging stage in the plurality of charging stages; and estimating the charging remaining time of the battery system based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC and the mapping relation. According to the method, the charging remaining time is estimated more smoothly and accurately by combining and considering the dynamic temperature change and the cooling temperature of the battery system, so that a user can conveniently and reasonably arrange own time, and the user experience is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a method, an apparatus, a computing device, a battery management system, and a vehicle for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery system. Background Art

[0002] Batteries are widely used to store electricity. For example, due to the rising fuel costs and the impact of vehicle emissions on the environment (e.g., carbon emissions, etc.), in recent years, new energy vehicles (NEVs) including battery-powered vehicles (e.g., pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, etc.) have become a trend in the development of future transportation. When charging the battery of a vehicle, users often want to know the expected remaining charging time so that users can arrange their time according to the expected results.

[0003] In the prior art, the current calculation of the remaining charging time only considers the temperature rise change of the battery. However, since the temperature rise is a dynamic process, if the expected charging time is continuously adjusted according to the expected temperature, the expected charging time may become longer and longer, or the expected charging time may undergo a large jump, resulting in a large deviation between the estimated result and the actual situation, thereby bringing a poor user experience. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art and to provide a method, an apparatus, a computing device, a battery management system and a vehicle for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery system.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery system, comprising: when charging the battery system, obtaining an initial temperature, an initial state of charge (SOC), a target SOC to be charged, and a cooling temperature for cooling the battery system, wherein the cooling temperature remains constant during the charging process of the battery system; obtaining a mapping relationship between a plurality of temperature zones, a plurality of SOC zones, and a cumulative charging time of the battery system, wherein the mapping relationship indicates the cumulative charging time of each corresponding charging stage in a plurality of charging stages, wherein each corresponding charging stage corresponds to a corresponding temperature zone in the plurality of temperature zones and a corresponding SOC zone in the plurality of SOC zones; and estimating the remaining charging time of the battery system based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC, and the mapping relationship.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, estimating the remaining charging time of the battery system based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC and the mapping relationship includes: predicting one or more charging stages associated with the charging process of the battery system among the multiple charging stages based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC and the mapping relationship; and estimating the remaining charging time of the battery system based on the cumulative charging time of the one or more charging stages.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC and the mapping relationship, predicting one or more charging stages associated with the charging process of the battery system among the multiple charging stages includes: determining whether the temperature of the battery system and the cooling temperature will be in the same temperature range during the charging process of the battery system; based on the determination, predicting the one or more charging stages associated with the charging process.

[0008] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, determining whether the temperature of the battery system and the cooling temperature will be in the same temperature range during the charging process of the battery system includes: determining whether the initial temperature and the cooling temperature are in the same temperature range among the multiple temperature ranges.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on the determination, predicting the one or more charging stages associated with the charging process includes: when the initial temperature and the cooling temperature are in the same temperature section, determining one or more SOC sections related to the charging process among the multiple SOC sections based on the initial SOC and the target SOC to predict the one or more charging stages associated with the charging process, wherein each of the one or more charging stages corresponds to a SOC section in the same temperature section and the one or more SOC sections.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, determining whether the temperature of the battery system and the cooling temperature will be in the same temperature zone during the charging process of the battery system includes: when the initial temperature and the cooling temperature are in different temperature zones among the multiple temperature zones, determining, based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, and the initial SOC, that the temperature of the battery system and the cooling temperature will be in the same temperature zone for the first time when the battery system is charged to a specific SOC zone; comparing the target SOC zone corresponding to the target SOC with the specific SOC zone to determine whether the temperature of the battery system and the cooling temperature will be in the same temperature zone during the charging process of the battery system.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, comparing the target SOC section corresponding to the target SOC with the specific SOC section to determine whether the temperature of the battery system and the cooling temperature will be in the same temperature section during the charging process of the battery system includes: if the specific SOC section is located before the target SOC section in the charging sequence, determining that the temperature of the battery system and the cooling temperature will be in the same temperature section during the charging process of the battery system; if the specific SOC section and the target SOC section are the same, determining that the temperature of the battery system and the cooling temperature will be in the same temperature section during the charging process of the battery system; if the specific SOC section is located after the target SOC section in the charging sequence, determining that the temperature of the battery system and the cooling temperature will not be in the same temperature section during the charging process of the battery system.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, based on the determination, predicting the one or more charging stages associated with the charging process includes: determining one or more SOC segments related to the charging process among the multiple SOC segments based on the initial SOC and the target SOC; determining one or more temperature segments related to the charging process among the multiple temperature segments based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC and the specific SOC segment; and predicting the one or more charging stages based on the one or more SOC segments and the one or more temperature segments.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, estimating the remaining charging time of the battery system based on the cumulative charging time of the one or more charging stages includes: estimating a first part of the remaining charging time of the battery system based on a ratio value of the cumulative charging time of at least one of the one or more charging stages, wherein the at least one charging stage is associated with the initial SOC and / or the target SOC.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, estimating the remaining charging time of the battery system based on the cumulative charging time of the one or more charging stages includes: estimating the second part of the remaining charging time of the battery system based on a combined value of the cumulative charging time of at least two of the one or more charging stages, wherein the at least two charging stages are associated with an SOC segment among the multiple SOC segments that is located between the initial SOC and the target SOC.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the battery system includes a battery module or a battery pack, the battery module or the battery includes a plurality of battery cells, the initial temperature is the highest battery temperature among the plurality of battery cells, and the initial SOC is the highest SOC among the plurality of battery cells.

[0016] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery system, comprising: an information acquisition unit, configured to acquire, when charging the battery system, an initial temperature, an initial state of charge (SOC), a target SOC to be charged, and a cooling temperature for cooling the battery system, wherein the cooling temperature remains constant during the charging process of the battery system; a relationship acquisition unit, configured to acquire a mapping relationship between a plurality of temperature zones, a plurality of SOC zones, and a cumulative charging time of the battery system, wherein the mapping relationship indicates the cumulative charging time of each corresponding charging stage in a plurality of charging stages, wherein each corresponding charging stage corresponds to a corresponding temperature zone in the plurality of temperature zones and a corresponding SOC zone in the plurality of SOC zones; and an estimation unit, configured to estimate the remaining charging time of the battery system based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC, and the mapping relationship.

[0017] According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computing device, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory for storing machine-readable instructions, which, when executed, enables the at least one processor to execute the method described in the first aspect.

[0018] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a battery management system is provided, comprising: a battery system; and a controller, configured to: when charging the battery system, obtain an initial temperature, an initial state of charge (SOC), a target SOC to be charged, and a cooling temperature for cooling the battery system, wherein the cooling temperature remains constant during the charging process of the battery system; obtain a mapping relationship between multiple temperature zones, multiple SOC zones, and cumulative charging time of the battery system, wherein the mapping relationship indicates the cumulative charging time of each corresponding charging stage in a plurality of charging stages, wherein each corresponding charging stage corresponds to a corresponding temperature zone in the plurality of temperature zones and a corresponding SOC zone in the plurality of SOC zones; and estimate the remaining charging time of the battery system based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC, and the mapping relationship.

[0019] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, comprising: an apparatus for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery system according to the second aspect, or a computing device according to the third aspect, or a battery management system according to the fourth aspect.

[0020] By considering the dynamic temperature changes of the battery system and the influence of the constant cooling temperature used to cool the battery system on the temperature rise changes, the present invention can estimate the remaining charging time more smoothly and accurately, so as to facilitate users to arrange their own time reasonably and improve the user experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be better understood from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which the same reference numerals represent the same or similar components.

[0022] Figure 1 A block diagram illustrating an exemplary apparatus or system in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied is shown.

[0023] Figure 2 A flow chart of an exemplary method for estimating a remaining charging time of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0024] Figure 3 A mapping relationship among a plurality of temperature zones, a plurality of SOC zones, and charging accumulation time of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0025] Figure 4 A block diagram of an exemplary apparatus for estimating a remaining charging time of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0026] Figure 5 A block diagram of an exemplary computing device is shown in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 A block diagram of an exemplary battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following detailed description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the application and use. Furthermore, the present invention is not intended to be limited by any stated or implied theory presented in the foregoing technical field, background technology, summary of the invention or the following detailed description.

[0029] As mentioned above, the existing battery charging time estimation only considers the temperature rise change, but does not consider other factors that affect the temperature rise change (for example, ignoring the effect of cooling temperature), resulting in a large deviation between the estimated charging time and the actual situation, which is not conducive to users to arrange their own time and brings a poor user experience.

[0030] For example, battery performance is closely related to battery temperature. In order to extend the battery life as much as possible and obtain maximum power, the battery must be used within a specified temperature range. For example, by cooling or heating the power battery, the battery is kept at an optimal operating temperature to improve its operating efficiency and extend the life of the power battery pack. For example, the cooling method provided by the cooling system for the battery system may include but is not limited to air conditioning circulation cooling, water cooling, air cooling, etc. As described below, some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods, devices, computing devices, battery management systems, and vehicles for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery system. In at least some embodiments, the remaining charging time is estimated by taking into account the temperature rise change of the battery system and the cooling temperature used to cool the battery system to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, such as the following combination. Figure 1-Figure 6 Described in more detail.

[0031] refer to Figure 1 , a schematic diagram of an exemplary device or system 100 in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied is shown. The device or system 100 may be a vehicle and include a battery system 110.

[0032] In the example where the device or system 100 is a vehicle, exemplary vehicles may include electric vehicles (e.g., pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, etc.), marine vehicles, aviation vehicles, or other vehicles using batteries. The vehicle 100 may also include a component 120 connected to the battery system 110, for example, a load powered by the battery system 110. For example, the load 120 may be a motor or a hybrid motor that consumes energy provided by the battery system 110 to propel the vehicle 100, so the battery system 110 is a power battery or a traction battery. For example, the battery system 110 may include a lithium iron phosphate battery, a ternary lithium battery, or various other types of rechargeable batteries. The battery system 110 may be charged by direct current or alternating current.

[0033] refer to Figure 2 , a flowchart of an exemplary method 200 for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The method 200 may be applicable to, for example, Figure 1 The device or system 100, the battery system 110, and can be composed of, for example Figure 4 A device 400 for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery system, Figure 5 A computing device 500, Figure 6 Any one of the battery management systems (BMS) 600 is executed. Figure 2 As shown, the method 200 includes steps 210-230.

[0034] In step 210, when charging the battery system, the initial temperature of the battery system, the initial state of charge (SOC), the target SOC to be charged to, and the cooling temperature for cooling the battery system are obtained, wherein the cooling temperature remains substantially constant during the charging process of the battery system.

[0035] For example, the initial temperature T of the battery system at the start of charging can be obtained by a temperature sensor arranged at the battery system. int , the cooling temperature T for cooling the battery system is obtained by a temperature sensor arranged at the cooling system cool At the beginning of charging, if the cooling temperature T cool Greater than the initial temperature T int , the battery system will be in a heating state with rising temperature. If the cooling temperature T cool Less than the initial temperature T int , the battery system will be in a cooling state with a decreasing temperature. For example, the initial temperature T int Charging is allowed only within the specified temperature range, for example, at the minimum allowable charging temperature T lowest and the maximum allowable charging temperature T highest When the initial temperature T int Lower than the minimum allowable charging temperature T lowest Or higher than the maximum allowable charging temperature T highest Charging of the battery system is not allowed.

[0036] SOC is used to reflect the remaining capacity of the battery system. It is numerically defined as the ratio of the remaining capacity to the battery capacity, usually expressed as a percentage, and its value range is 0-1 or 0-100%. When SOC=0 or 0%, it means that the battery is fully discharged, and when SOC=1 or 100%, it means that the battery is fully charged. Various methods known in the art can be used to determine the initial SOC of the battery system, including but not limited to the ampere-hour integral method, the open circuit voltage method (open circuit voltage (OCV) method), the internal resistance method, the Kalman filter method, the neural network method, or a combination thereof. The solution disclosed in the present invention can also be applied to obtain the initial SOC value using various existing or future developed methods for determining SOC. The target SOC can be a preset or default SOC value, such as 25%, 50%, 75%, 90%, 95%, 100%, or it can be a target value set or input by the user. In the present application, the target SOC is greater than the initial SOC, and the remaining charging time is used to indicate the time required for the charging process from the initial SOC to the target SOC.

[0037] In step 220, a mapping relationship between multiple temperature zones, multiple SOC zones, and cumulative charging time of the battery system is obtained, wherein the mapping relationship indicates the cumulative charging time of each corresponding charging stage in the multiple charging stages, and each corresponding charging stage corresponds to a corresponding temperature zone in the multiple temperature zones and a corresponding SOC zone in the multiple SOC zones.

[0038] For example, the allowable charging temperature range T of the battery system can be lowest ~T highest The temperature zone T is divided into multiple temperature zones, and the allowable range of SOC (for example, 0-100%) can be divided into multiple SOC zones. i ~T i+1 and an SOC segment SOC j ~SOC j+1 The combination can correspond to a charging stage CP i,j The CP of the charging stage can be obtained by various methods such as measurement, statistical analysis, simulation, etc. i,j The cumulative charging time t i,j , charging cumulative time t i,j Indicates that the battery system is in temperature range T i ~T i+1 From SOC j Charge to SOC j+1 The time required.

[0039] refer to Figure 3 , shows an example chart 300 showing a mapping relationship between multiple temperature zones, multiple SOC zones, and charging cumulative time of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the chart 300, the allowable charging temperature range T lowest ~T highest The temperature is divided into a plurality of continuous temperature segments according to a temperature step of 5 temperature units (°C), and the allowable range of SOC is divided into a plurality of continuous SOC segments according to a SOC step of 10%. Chart 300 shows the mapping relationship between the divided temperature segments, the divided SOC segments, and the cumulative charging time, that is, a temperature segment and a SOC segment can correspond to a charging stage, and the charging stage has a corresponding cumulative charging time. For example, in chart 300, t_1 represents the battery system in the temperature segment T lowest ~T lowest +5 represents the time required for SOC to charge from 0% to 10%, t5_7 represents the battery system in the temperature section T lowest +5~T lowest +10 The time required to charge from 60% SOC to 70%. For example, if the allowable charging temperature range of the battery system is T lowest ~Thighest is divided into 10 temperature zones, the allowable range of SOC is divided into 10 SOC zones, and the mapping relationship will indicate the cumulative charging time for each of the 100 charging stages.

[0040] For example, the mapping relationship can be stored in a database. For example, the database can reside on an external server, computing device, or stored in a vehicle storage device (including but not limited to a vehicle controller, BMS, or other memory, etc.). The mapping relationship can be obtained by accessing a database storing the mapping relationship. In addition, as the battery system of the vehicle ages during use, the stored mapping relationship can be updated by obtaining the cumulative charging time of the charging stage through various methods such as re-measurement, statistical analysis, simulation, etc.

[0041] It should be understood that the chart 300 can be established by the cumulative charging time of each charging stage obtained by the battery system under a given charging mode (e.g., constant charging current, etc.). For a vehicle battery system with different charging modes (e.g., fast charging, slow charging, etc.), a mapping relationship corresponding to the charging mode can be obtained for each charging mode, for example, a mapping relationship matching the charging mode is selected from multiple mapping relationships. In addition, Figure 3 The diagram 300 is exemplary and not restrictive. For example, the allowable charging temperature range may be divided into a plurality of temperature sections according to different or uneven temperature steps, and the allowable SOC range may be divided into a plurality of SOC sections according to different or uneven SOC steps.

[0042] The above mapping relationship or the graph 300 showing the mapping relationship is related to the temperature of the battery system, but is not related to the cooling temperature T cool That is, the mapping relationship indicating the cumulative charging time of each corresponding charging stage in the plurality of charging stages can be applied to different cooling temperatures T cool .

[0043] In step 230 , the remaining charging time of the battery system is estimated based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC, and the mapping relationship.

[0044] By considering the dynamic temperature changes of the battery system and the influence of the constant cooling temperature used to cool the battery system on the temperature rise changes, the present invention can estimate the remaining charging time more smoothly and accurately, so as to facilitate users to arrange their own time reasonably and improve the user experience.

[0045] In some examples, step 230 may include: predicting one or more charging stages associated with the charging process of the battery system in multiple charging stages based on the initial temperature, cooling temperature, initial SOC, target SOC, and mapping relationship; and estimating the remaining charging time of the battery system based on the cumulative charging time of one or more charging stages. In this step, it is possible to predict which charging stages the charging process will go through based on the initial temperature, cooling temperature, initial SOC, target SOC, and mapping relationship, and calculate (e.g., sum, etc.) the remaining charging time based on the cumulative charging time of these charging stages that have been obtained. In other words, the charging process can be divided into one or more charging sub-processes corresponding to one or more charging stages, and the total charging time of the charging process can be determined by calculating the charging time of each charging sub-process.

[0046] In some examples, step 230 may include: determining whether the temperature of the battery system and the cooling temperature will be in the same temperature range during the charging process of the battery system based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC, and the mapping relationship; and predicting one or more charging stages associated with the charging process based on the determination. For example, if the temperature T of the battery system and the cooling temperature T during the charging process are the same, the battery system temperature T is the same as the cooling temperature T. cool If the battery system is charged to the same temperature range, it means that when the battery system is charged to the temperature range, it will continue to maintain the temperature range. The entire charging process can be divided into a part where the temperature gradient changes and a part where the temperature range remains unchanged. cool If the charging temperature and the cooling temperature of the battery system are not in the same temperature zone, it means that the temperature of the battery system will experience a temperature gradient change (e.g., temperature rise or temperature drop) during the entire charging process. Therefore, by judging whether the charging temperature and the cooling temperature of the battery system are in the same temperature zone, the change trend of the charging temperature of the battery system can be determined, so that it can be determined which temperature zones the charging process is associated with, and based on the initial SOC and the target SOC, it can be determined which SOC zones the charging process is associated with, so as to predict which charging stages the charging process is associated with.

[0047] In some examples, step 230 may include determining whether the initial temperature and the cooling temperature are in the same temperature range of the plurality of temperature ranges. initl With cooling temperature T cool When in the same temperature zone, the battery system will remain in that temperature zone throughout the charging process.

[0048] In some examples, step 230 may include: when the initial temperature and the cooling temperature are in the same temperature section, determining one or more SOC sections related to the charging process in the multiple SOC sections based on the initial SOC and the target SOC to predict one or more charging stages associated with the charging process, wherein each charging stage in the one or more charging stages corresponds to the same temperature section and a SOC section in the one or more SOC sections. Since the battery system will remain in the temperature section throughout the charging process, it is possible to determine which SOC sections the battery system will experience when charging from the initial SOC to the target SOC, and based on these SOC sections and the determined same temperature sections, it is possible to determine which charging stages these SOC sections and the same temperature sections correspond to.

[0049] In some examples, step 230 may include: when the initial temperature and the cooling temperature are in different temperature zones among the plurality of temperature zones, determining, based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, and the initial SOC, that the temperature and the cooling temperature of the battery system will be in the same temperature zone for the first time when the battery system is charged to a specific SOC zone; comparing the target SOC zone corresponding to the target SOC with the specific SOC zone to determine whether the temperature and the cooling temperature of the battery system will be in the same temperature zone during the charging process of the battery system. For example, if the initial temperature T initl With cooling temperature T cool In different temperature ranges, the charging process may include a portion where the temperature gradient changes and a portion where the temperature range remains unchanged. For example, through software simulation, the initial temperature T initl , cooling temperature T cool , initial SOC, determine the temperature T and cooling temperature T of the battery system cool The specific SOC zone to be charged when the battery is in the same temperature zone for the first time. By comparing the target SOC zone corresponding to the target SOC with the specific SOC zone, it can be determined whether the charging process includes a portion where the temperature gradient changes, or includes a portion where the temperature gradient changes and a portion where the temperature zone remains unchanged.

[0050] In some examples, step 230 may include: if the specific SOC section is located before the target SOC section in the charging sequence, determining that the temperature and cooling temperature of the battery system will be in the same temperature section during the charging process of the battery system; if the specific SOC section and the target SOC section are the same, determining that the temperature and cooling temperature of the battery system will be in the same temperature section during the charging process of the battery system; if the specific SOC section is located after the target SOC section in the charging sequence, determining that the temperature and cooling temperature of the battery system will not be in the same temperature section during the charging process of the battery system. For example, if the battery system does not experience a specific SOC section when charging from the initial SOC to the target SOC, the temperature T of the battery system and the cooling temperature T during the charging process are different. cool will not be in the same temperature section. On the contrary, if the charging process goes through a specific SOC section, the temperature T of the battery system during the charging process is different from the cooling temperature T cool will be in the same temperature zone.

[0051] In some examples, step 230 may include: determining one or more SOC segments related to the charging process from among the plurality of SOC segments based on the initial SOC and the target SOC; determining one or more temperature segments related to the charging process from among the plurality of temperature segments based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC, and the specific SOC segment; and predicting one or more charging stages based on the one or more SOC segments and the one or more temperature segments. For example, for the initial temperature T initl With cooling temperature T cool In the case of being in different temperature zones, similar to the case of being in the same temperature zone, the SOC zones that the charging process will go through can be determined based on the initial SOC and the target SOC. In determining which temperature zones the charging process will go through, other factors besides the initial temperature, initial SOC, and target SOC must be considered, such as the cooling temperature and the specific SOC zone. This is because when the battery system is charged to a specific SOC zone, the temperature T of the battery system will be different from the cooling temperature T. cool In the same temperature range (i.e., temperature T will catch up with the cooling temperature T cool (It may be a process of temperature rise or temperature drop, depending on the initial temperature T init Is it greater than or less than the cooling temperature T cool )). For example, if the battery system is charged from the initial SOC to the target SOC through a specific SOC section, the charging process is the same as the charging process from the initial temperature T initl To cooling temperature T coolFor example, if the battery system does not experience a specific SOC segment when charging from the initial SOC to the target SOC, it is necessary to determine which temperature segment the battery system temperature T will be in when charging the battery system to the target SOC. For example, the initial SOC and the initial temperature T initl , and specific SOC section and cooling temperature T cool , using the known battery temperature gradient change trend or curve to determine the temperature range in which the temperature T will be when the battery system is charged to the target SOC. For example, the battery temperature gradient change trend or curve can be a straight line, a parabola, or other types of curves. Accordingly, the initial SOC and the initial temperature T can be used by linear difference, parabola interpolation, or other methods. initl , and specific SOC section and cooling temperature T cool To calculate the temperature section corresponding to the target SOC.

[0052] In some examples, step 230 may include: estimating a first portion of the remaining time for charging the battery system based on a ratio value of the cumulative charging time of at least one charging stage in one or more charging stages, the at least one charging stage being associated with the initial SOC and / or the target SOC. For example, at the start of a charging sub-process (i.e., corresponding to the initial SOC) or the end of a charging sub-process (i.e., corresponding to the target SOC), the change in SOC may be less than the step size of the SOC segment, in which case the charging time of the sub-process will be proportional to the cumulative charging time of the associated charging stage R, where R depends on the ratio of the change in SOC of the sub-process to the step size of the SOC segment, for example, 0 <R≤1。

[0053] In some examples, step 230 may include: estimating the second part of the remaining charging time of the battery system based on the combined value of the cumulative charging time of at least two charging stages in one or more charging stages, wherein the at least two charging stages are associated with an SOC segment located between the initial SOC and the target SOC in the multiple SOC segments. For example, except for the charging start subprocess or the charging end subprocess, the other charging subprocesses of the charging process correspond to a complete SOC segment and a complete temperature segment. Since charging from the initial SOC to the target SOC may go through multiple SOC segments or temperature segments, i.e., multiple charging stages, estimating the charging time of these other charging subprocesses by the combined value of the cumulative charging time of multiple charging stages can estimate the remaining charging time more smoothly and accurately. For example, the combined value of the cumulative charging time of multiple charging stages can be calculated by averaging (e.g., arithmetic mean, etc.) (equivalent to smoothing filtering). The combined value of the cumulative charging time of multiple charging stages can also be calculated by other methods.

[0054] In some examples, the estimated remaining charging time can also be provided to the user (e.g., the driver or passenger), a device or application associated with the vehicle, so as to facilitate the user to reasonably arrange their own time, thereby bringing a good experience. For example, the estimated remaining charging time can be presented to the user through voice, image, etc. For example, the estimated remaining charging time can be provided to an application associated with the vehicle, such as an application running on the user's user device, an application running on a device of the vehicle, or an application running on a remote device outside the vehicle.

[0055] In some examples, the battery system may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the battery module or battery may include multiple battery cells. The initial temperature of the battery system may be, for example, the highest battery temperature among the multiple battery cells to prevent exceeding the maximum allowable charging temperature, and the initial SOC may be, for example, the highest SOC among the multiple battery cells to prevent overcharging of some battery cells.

[0056] To facilitate understanding of the above method, an exemplary calculation process of the remaining charging time and related parameter definitions are given below.

[0057] Assuming that the allowable range of the SOC of the battery system is 0-100%, 10 SOC segments are established in steps of 10% (e.g., [0, 10%), [10%, 20%), ..., [90%, 100%)), and the allowable charging temperature range is from the lowest allowable charging temperature T lowest A temperature zone is established every 5 temperature units, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0058] Parameter definition:

[0059] x: initial SOC, located in the SOC range [(s-1)*10%, s*10%), 1≤s≤10.

[0060] y: initial temperature, located in the temperature range [T lowest +5*r,T lowest +(5*r+5)).

[0061] z: Target SOC, the SOC value when charging is completed, located in the SOC range [(p-1)*10%, p*10%).

[0062] T cool : Cooling temperature, which remains constant during charging and is located in the temperature range [T lowest +5*n,T lowest +(5*n+5)). Cooling temperature T coolThe initial temperature y may be in the same temperature range, or in a different temperature range (e.g., T cool >y or T cool <y).

[0063] T: The temperature of the battery system while charging.

[0064] SOC: The SOC to which the battery system can be charged.

[0065] t5*i_j: In the SOC section [(j-1)*10%, j*10%) and temperature section [T lowest +5*i,T lowest +(5*i+5) The cumulative charging time in the corresponding charging stage (see Figure 3 ).

[0066] Temperature range T lowest +5*r≤T<T lowest +(5*r+5), this temperature range corresponds to the start of charging.

[0067] Temperature range T lowest +5*g≤T<T lowest +(5*g+5), in this temperature range, the temperature T does not catch up with the cooling temperature T cool (ie, in different temperature zones).

[0068] (m-1)*10%≤SOC<m*10%. When the battery system is charged to this SOC range, the temperature T will catch up with the cooling temperature T for the first time. cool (ie, in the same temperature range). m is not a constant value and may be based on the initial temperature y, the initial SOC value x, and the cooling temperature T cool to be sure.

[0069] (q-1)*10%≤SOC<q*10%. When the battery system is charged to the SOC range, the temperature T still does not catch up with the cooling temperature T. cool (ie, in different temperature zones), s<q<m.

[0070] (p-1)*10%≤SOC<p*10%. When the battery system is charged to the SOC range, charging stops and the temperature T catches up with the cooling temperature T. cool .

[0071] t total : Total charging time or remaining charging time.

[0072] tv: Charging time required to charge SOC to v when SOC is in the SOC range [(s-1)*10%, s*10%), and v belongs to [(s-1)*10%, s*10%).

[0073] tw: Charging time required when SOC is charged from (q-1)*10% to w, where w belongs to the SOC range [(q-1)*10%, q*10%).

[0074] tr': The time required for SOC to charge from s*10% to (m-1)*10%, where the temperature T belongs to the temperature range [T lowest +5*r,T lowest +(5*r+5)).

[0075] t(n-1)': The time required for SOC to charge from s*10% to (m-1)*10%, where the temperature T belongs to the temperature range [T lowest +5*(n-1), T lowest +(5*(n-1)+5)).

[0076] tr”: The time required for SOC to charge from s*10% to (q-1)*10%, where the temperature T belongs to the temperature range [T lowest +5*r,T lowest +(5*r+5)).

[0077] tg”: The time required for SOC to charge from s*10% to (q-1)*10%, where the temperature T belongs to the temperature range [T lowest +5*g, T lowest +(5*g+5)). If |qr|=1, then the value tg" is 0, and || represents the absolute value operation. Otherwise, g=n-|mq| (for the case of temperature rise, that is, T cool >y), or g = n + |mq| (for the case of temperature drop, that is, T cool <y).

[0078] tz: Charging time required when SOC is in the SOC range [(q-1)*10%, q*10%).

[0079] The calculation process of the above various charging times is as follows:

[0080] tv=(vx) / 10*(t5*r_s)

[0081]

[0082]

[0083]

[0084]

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] tz==(z-(p-1)*10) / 10*(t5*n_p)

[0088] Calculation of remaining charging time

[0089] 1. Cooling temperature T cool > Initial temperature y (i.e., temperature rise), calculate total charging time t according to different target SOC values ​​z total :

[0090] 1.1) If z belongs to the SOC range [(s-1)*10%, s*10%), then

[0091] t total =tv

[0092] In this case 1.1), it can be considered that the charging process has only undergone one charging stage, that is, the charging stage corresponding to the charging start, which is associated with the initial SOC. The charging time at the charging start (that is, the first part of the remaining charging time) is a proportional value of the cumulative charging time of the charging stage, as described above.

[0093] 1.2) If z belongs to the SOC range [(q-1)*10%, q*10%), then

[0094] t total =tv+(tr”+…+tg”) / (gr)+tw

[0095] In this case 1.2), it can be considered that the charging process has only undergone multiple charging stages, namely, the charging stage corresponding to the start of charging (associated with the initial SOC), the intermediate charging stage (associated with the SOC section between the initial SOC and the target SOC), and the charging stage corresponding to the end of charging (associated with the target SOC). Similarly, the charging time at the start or end of charging (i.e., the first part of the remaining charging time) is the proportional value of the cumulative charging time of the corresponding charging stage, i.e., the first and third terms in the above formula. The charging time of the intermediate charging process of the charging process (i.e., the second part of the remaining charging time) is the combined value of one or more charging stages, i.e., the second term in the above formula. For example, the intermediate charging stage may involve multiple temperature sections.

[0096] 1.3) If z belongs to the SOC range [(m-1)*10%, m*10%), then

[0097] t total =tv+(tr'+…+t(n-1)') / (nr)+(z-(m-1)*10) / 10*(t5*n_m)

[0098] 1.4) If z ≥ m*10%, then

[0099]

[0100] The situations 1.3) and 1.4) are similar to situation 2) and will not be described in detail.

[0101] 2. Cooling temperature T cool The total charging time t is calculated according to different target SOC values ​​z. total :

[0102] 2.1) If z belongs to the SOC range [(s-1)*10%, s*10%), then

[0103] t total =tv

[0104] In this case 2.1), it can be considered that the charging process has only undergone one charging stage, that is, the charging stage corresponding to the start of charging, which is associated with the initial SOC. The charging time at the start of charging (that is, the first part of the remaining charging time) is a proportional value of the cumulative charging time of the charging stage, as described above.

[0105] 2.2) If z belongs to the SOC range [s*10%, (s+1)*10%), then

[0106] t total =tv+(ys*10) / 10*(t5*r_s+1)

[0107] In this case 2.2), it can be considered that the charging process has only undergone multiple charging stages, namely, the charging stage corresponding to the start of charging (associated with the initial SOC) and the charging end stage (associated with the target SOC), wherein each charging stage corresponds to the same temperature segment. The charging time at the start or end of charging (i.e., the first part of the remaining charging time) is the ratio of the cumulative charging time of the corresponding charging stage, i.e., the first and second terms in the above formula.

[0108] 2.3) If z ≥ (s+1)*10%, then

[0109]

[0110] In this case 2.3), it can be considered that the charging process has only undergone multiple charging stages, namely, the charging stage corresponding to the start of charging (associated with the initial SOC), the intermediate charging stage (associated with the SOC section between the initial SOC and the target SOC), and the charging stage corresponding to the end of charging (associated with the target SOC), wherein each charging stage corresponds to the same temperature section. Similarly, the charging time at the start or end of charging (i.e., the first part of the remaining charging time) is the proportional value of the cumulative charging time of the corresponding charging stage, i.e., the first and third terms in the above formula. The charging time of the intermediate charging process of the charging process (i.e., the second part of the remaining charging time) is the combined value of one or more charging stages, i.e., the second term in the above formula.

[0111] 3. Cooling temperature T cool Less than the initial temperature y (i.e., temperature drop), calculate the total charging time t according to different target SOC values ​​z total :

[0112] 3.1) If z belongs to the SOC range [(s-1)*10%, s*10%), then

[0113] t total =tv

[0114] 3.2) If z belongs to the SOC range [(q-1)*10%, q*10%), then

[0115] t total =tv+(tr”+…+tg”) / (rg)+tw

[0116] 3.3) If z belongs to the SOC range [(m-1)*10%, m*10%), then

[0117] t total =tv+(tr'+…+t(n+1)') / (rn)+(z-(m-1)*10) / 10*(t5*n_m)

[0118] 3.4) If z ≥ m*10%, then

[0119]

[0120] The above temperature drop situations 3.1) to 3.4) are similar to the above temperature rise situations 2.1 to 2.4) and will not be described in detail.

[0121] Calculation Example

[0122] Assuming the minimum allowable charging temperature T lowest =0℃, maximum allowable charging temperature T highest=55°C, SOC from 0 to 100% is divided into 10 sections with a step size of 10%.

[0123] Example 1. Cooling temperature T cool > Initial temperature y (i.e., temperature rise), calculate total charging time t according to different target SOC values ​​z total :

[0124] 1) If z belongs to the SOC range [(s-1)*10%, s*10%),

[0125] Initial SOC value x = 11%, s = 2, m = 8, initial temperature y = 3 ° C, cooling temperature T cool =26℃, target SOC value z=19%, then t total =tx=(19-11) / 10*(t_2).

[0126] Initial SOC value x = 21%, s = 3, m = 6, initial temperature y = 7 ° C, cooling temperature T cool =26℃, target SOC value z=30%, then t total =tx=(30-21) / 10*(t5_3).

[0127] 2) If z belongs to the SOC range [(q-1)*10%, q*10%),

[0128] Initial SOC value x = 11%, s = 2, m = 8, initial temperature y = 3 ° C, cooling temperature T cool =26℃, target SOC value z=55%, q=6, then t total =tv+(tr”+…+tg”) / (gr)+tw=0.9*t_2+(t_3+t_4+t_5+t5_3+t5_4+t5_5+t10_3+t10_4+t10_5) / 3+0.5*t15_6.

[0129] 3) If z belongs to the SOC range [(m-1)*10%, m*10%),

[0130] Initial SOC value x = 11%, s = 2, m = 8, initial temperature y = 3 ° C, cooling temperature T cool =26℃, target SOC value z=75%, then t total=tv+(tr'+…+t(n-1)') / (nr)+(z-(m-1)*10) / 10*(t5*n_m)=0.9*t_2+(t_3+t_4+t_5+t_6+t_7+t5_3+t5_4+t5_5+t5_6+t5_7 +t10_3+t10_4+t10_5+t10_6+t10_7+t15_3+t15_4+t15_5+t15_6+t15_7+t20_3+t20_4+t20_5+t20_6+t20_7) / 5+0.5*t25_8.

[0131] 4) If z ≥ m*10%,

[0132] Initial SOC value x = 11%, s = 2, m = 8, initial temperature y = 3 ° C, cooling temperature T cool =26℃, target SOC value z=85%, then

[0133] Example 2. Cooling temperature T cool The total charging time t is calculated according to different target SOC values ​​z. total :

[0134] 1) If z belongs to the SOC range [(s-1)*10%, s*10%),

[0135] Initial SOC value x = 11%, s = 2, m = 8, initial temperature y = 27 ° C, cooling temperature T cool =26℃, target SOC value z=19%, then t total =tx=(19-11) / 10*(t25_2).

[0136] Initial SOC value x = 21%, s = 3, m = 6, initial temperature y = 28 ° C, cooling temperature T cool =26℃, target SOC value z=30%, then t total =tx=(30-21) / 10*(t25_3).

[0137] 2) If z belongs to the SOC range [s*10%, (s+1)*10%),

[0138] Initial SOC value x = 11%, s = 2, m = 8, initial temperature y = 28 ° C, cooling temperature T cool =26℃, target SOC value z=25%, q=6, then t total =tv+(ys*10) / 10*(t5*r_s+1)=0.9*t25_2+0.5*t25_3.

[0139] 3) If z ≥ (s + 1) * 10%,

[0140] Initial SOC value x = 11%, s = 2, m = 8, initial temperature y = 28 ° C, cooling temperature T cool =26℃, target SOC value z=45%, then

[0141] Example 3. Cooling temperature T cool Less than the initial temperature y (i.e., temperature drop), calculate the total charging time t according to different target SOC values ​​z total :

[0142] 1) If z belongs to the SOC range [(s-1)*10%, s*10%),

[0143] Initial SOC value x = 11%, s = 2, m = 8, initial temperature y = 53 ° C, cooling temperature T cool =26℃, target SOC value z=19%, then t total =tx=(19-11) / 10*(t50_2).

[0144] Initial SOC value x = 21%, s = 3, m = 6, initial temperature y = 47 ° C, cooling temperature T cool =26℃, target SOC value z=30%, then t total =tx=(30-21) / 10*(t45_3).

[0145] 2) If z belongs to the SOC range [(q-1)*10%, q*10%),

[0146] Initial SOC value x = 11%, s = 2, m = 8, initial temperature y = 53 ° C, cooling temperature T cool =26℃, target SOC value z=55%, then t total =tv+(tr”+…+tg”) / (rg)+tw=0.9*t50_2+(t40_3+t40_4+t40_5+t45_3+t45_4+t45_5+t50_3+t50_4+t50_5) / 3+0.5*t35_6.

[0147] 3) If z belongs to the SOC range [(m-1)*10%, m*10%),

[0148] Initial SOC value x = 11%, s = 2, m = 8, initial temperature y = 53 ° C, cooling temperature T cool =26℃, target SOC value z=75%, then t total=tv+(tr'+…+t(n+1)') / (rn)+

[0149] (z-(m-1)*10) / 10*(t5*n_m)=0.9*t50_2+(t30_3+t30_4+t30_5+t30_6+t30 _7+t35_3+t35_4+t35_5+t35_6+t35_7+t40_3+t40_4+t40_5+t40_6+t40_7+

[0150] t45_3+t45_4+t45_5+t45_6+t45_7+t50_3+t50_4+t50_5+t50_6+t50_7) / 5+0.5*t25_8.

[0151] 3.4) If z ≥ m*10%,

[0152] Initial SOC value x = 11%, s = 2, m = 8, initial temperature y = 53 ° C, cooling temperature T cool =26℃, target SOC value z=85%, then

[0153] refer to Figure 4 , a block diagram of an exemplary device 400 for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Each module of the device 400 can be implemented by software, hardware (e.g., integrated circuit, FPGA, etc.) or a combination of software and hardware. Figure 4 As shown, the apparatus 400 includes an information acquiring unit 410 , a relationship acquiring unit 420 , and an estimating unit 430 .

[0154] The information acquisition unit 410 is configured to acquire the initial temperature, initial SOC, target SOC to be charged, and cooling temperature for cooling the battery system when charging the battery system, wherein the cooling temperature remains constant during the charging process of the battery system.

[0155] The relationship acquisition unit 420 is configured to acquire a mapping relationship between multiple temperature zones, multiple SOC zones, and cumulative charging time of the battery system, wherein the mapping relationship indicates the cumulative charging time of each corresponding charging stage in the multiple charging stages, and each corresponding charging stage corresponds to a corresponding temperature zone in the multiple temperature zones and a corresponding SOC zone in the multiple SOC zones.

[0156] The estimation unit 430 is configured to estimate the remaining charging time of the battery system based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC, and the mapping relationship.

[0157] In addition, the estimation unit 430 can also be configured to perform a combination of Figure 2 and Figure 3 Any one or more steps of the described method for estimating the remaining time to charge of a battery system.

[0158] refer to Figure 5 , a block diagram of an exemplary computing device 500 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The computing device 500 includes at least one processor 510 and a memory 520 coupled to the at least one processor 510. The memory 520 is used to store machine-readable instructions, and when the machine-readable instructions are executed by at least one processor 510, the processor 510 executes the method in the above embodiment (for example, any one or more steps in the aforementioned method 200).

[0159] refer to Figure 6 , a block diagram of an exemplary battery management system (BMS) 600 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The BMS 600 includes a battery system 610 and a controller 620. For example, the battery system 610 may be Figure 1 The controller 520 may be configured to: when charging the battery system, obtain the initial temperature, initial state of charge (SOC), target SOC to be charged, and cooling temperature for cooling the battery system, wherein the cooling temperature is kept constant during the charging process of the battery system; obtain a mapping relationship between multiple temperature segments, multiple SOC segments, and cumulative charging time of the battery system, wherein the mapping relationship indicates the cumulative charging time of each corresponding charging stage in multiple charging stages, and each corresponding charging stage corresponds to a corresponding temperature segment in multiple temperature segments and a corresponding SOC segment in multiple SOC segments; estimate the remaining charging time of the battery system based on the initial temperature, cooling temperature, initial SOC, target SOC, and mapping relationship.

[0160] The controller 520 may also be configured to execute the method in the above embodiment (eg, any one or more steps in the aforementioned method 200 ).

[0161] For example, the method for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery system disclosed in the present invention has low computational complexity, can quickly obtain the estimated time, and can be implemented by a BMS without increasing the burden on the BMS. Alternatively, the method can also be implemented by other devices other than the BMS.

[0162] Reference back Figure 1 , the vehicle 100 may include Figure 4 The apparatus 400, computing device 500, or battery management system 600 for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery system may be used to implement any one or more steps of the aforementioned method for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery system.

[0163] As discussed above, although the present application discusses a method for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery system in a vehicle application, the method, apparatus, computing device, and battery management system disclosed herein are also applicable to other arrangements where the remaining charging time needs to be estimated. For example, the technical solution disclosed herein can also be applied to cooling temperatures that vary in multiple segments, and as long as the cooling temperature remains constant in each segment (e.g., from one SOC to another SOC), the remaining charging time can still be estimated by calculating the charging time in segments.

[0164] The foregoing discussion is merely the disclosure and description of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention. Through these discussions and the accompanying drawings and claims, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various changes, modifications and variations may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for estimating a remaining charging time of a battery system, comprising: When charging a battery system, obtaining an initial temperature, an initial state of charge (SOC), a target SOC to be charged to, and a cooling temperature for cooling the battery system, wherein the cooling temperature is kept constant during the charging process of the battery system; Acquire a mapping relationship between a plurality of temperature zones, a plurality of SOC zones, and cumulative charging time of the battery system, wherein the mapping relationship indicates the cumulative charging time of each corresponding charging stage in a plurality of charging stages, each corresponding charging stage corresponding to a corresponding temperature zone in the plurality of temperature zones and a corresponding SOC zone in the plurality of SOC zones; and Based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC, and the mapping relationship, a remaining time for charging of the battery system is estimated.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The estimating the remaining charging time of the battery system based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC, and the mapping relationship includes: predicting one or more charging stages associated with a charging process of the battery system among the plurality of charging stages based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC, and the mapping relationship; Based on the cumulative charging time of the one or more charging stages, a remaining charging time of the battery system is estimated.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: Predicting one or more charging stages associated with the charging process of the battery system in the plurality of charging stages based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC, and the mapping relationship includes: determining whether a temperature of the battery system and the cooling temperature will be in the same temperature range during the charging process of the battery system; Based on the determination, the one or more charging phases associated with the charging process are predicted.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein: Determining whether the temperature of the battery system and the cooling temperature will be in the same temperature zone during the charging process of the battery system includes: It is determined whether the initial temperature and the cooling temperature are in the same temperature section among the plurality of temperature sections.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: Based on the determining, predicting the one or more charging phases associated with the charging process includes: When the initial temperature and the cooling temperature are in the same temperature section, one or more SOC sections related to the charging process among the multiple SOC sections are determined based on the initial SOC and the target SOC to predict the one or more charging stages associated with the charging process, wherein each of the one or more charging stages corresponds to the same temperature section and a SOC section among the one or more SOC sections.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein: Determining whether the temperature of the battery system and the cooling temperature will be in the same temperature zone during the charging process of the battery system includes: When the initial temperature and the cooling temperature are in different temperature segments among the plurality of temperature segments, determining, based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, and the initial SOC, that the temperature of the battery system and the cooling temperature will be in the same temperature segment for the first time when the battery system is charged to a specific SOC segment; A target SOC section corresponding to the target SOC is compared with the specific SOC section to determine whether the temperature of the battery system and the cooling temperature will be in the same temperature section during the charging process of the battery system.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: Comparing the target SOC section corresponding to the target SOC with the specific SOC section to determine whether the temperature of the battery system and the cooling temperature will be in the same temperature section during the charging process of the battery system comprises: If the specific SOC section is located before the target SOC section in the charging order, determining that the temperature of the battery system and the cooling temperature will be in the same temperature section during the charging process of the battery system; If the specific SOC section and the target SOC section are the same, determining that the temperature of the battery system and the cooling temperature will be in the same temperature section during the charging process of the battery system; If the specific SOC section is located after the target SOC section in the charging order, it is determined that the temperature of the battery system and the cooling temperature will not be in the same temperature section during the charging process of the battery system.

8. The method according to claim 6, wherein: Based on the determining, predicting the one or more charging phases associated with the charging process includes: determining one or more SOC sections of the plurality of SOC sections that are relevant to the charging process based on the initial SOC and the target SOC; determining one or more temperature sections of the plurality of temperature sections that are associated with the charging process based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC, and the specific SOC section; The one or more charging phases are predicted based on the one or more SOC zones and the one or more temperature zones.

9. The method according to claim 2, wherein: Based on the cumulative charging time of the one or more charging stages, estimating the remaining charging time of the battery system includes: A first portion of a remaining charging time of the battery system is estimated based on a ratio value of a cumulative charging time of at least one of the one or more charging stages, the at least one charging stage being associated with the initial SOC and / or the target SOC.

10. The method according to claim 2, wherein: Based on the cumulative charging time of the one or more charging stages, estimating the remaining charging time of the battery system includes: A second portion of the remaining charging time of the battery system is estimated based on a combined value of the cumulative charging time of at least two of the one or more charging stages, wherein the at least two charging stages are associated with an SOC segment of the multiple SOC segments that is between the initial SOC and the target SOC.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The battery system includes a battery module or a battery pack, the battery module or the battery includes a plurality of battery cells, the initial temperature is the highest battery temperature among the plurality of battery cells, and the initial SOC is the highest SOC among the plurality of battery cells.

12. A device for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery system, comprising: an information acquisition unit configured to acquire, when charging the battery system, an initial temperature, an initial state of charge (SOC), a target SOC to be charged to, and a cooling temperature for cooling the battery system, wherein the cooling temperature is kept constant during the charging process of the battery system; a relationship acquisition unit configured to acquire a mapping relationship between a plurality of temperature zones, a plurality of SOC zones, and a cumulative charging time of the battery system, wherein the mapping relationship indicates a cumulative charging time of each corresponding charging stage in a plurality of charging stages, each corresponding charging stage corresponding to a corresponding temperature zone in the plurality of temperature zones and a corresponding SOC zone in the plurality of SOC zones; and An estimating unit is configured to estimate a remaining charging time of the battery system based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC, and the mapping relationship.

13. A computing device comprising: at least one processor; as well as A memory storing machine-readable instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to execute the method for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

14. A battery management system, comprising: Battery system; as well as The controller is configured as: When charging a battery system, obtaining an initial temperature, an initial state of charge (SOC), a target SOC to be charged to, and a cooling temperature for cooling the battery system, wherein the cooling temperature is kept constant during the charging process of the battery system; Acquire a mapping relationship between a plurality of temperature zones, a plurality of SOC zones, and a cumulative charging time of the battery system, wherein the mapping relationship indicates a cumulative charging time of each corresponding charging stage in a plurality of charging stages, and each corresponding charging stage corresponds to a corresponding temperature zone in the plurality of temperature zones and a corresponding SOC zone in the plurality of SOC zones; Based on the initial temperature, the cooling temperature, the initial SOC, the target SOC, and the mapping relationship, a remaining time for charging of the battery system is estimated. 15 . A vehicle comprising the apparatus for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery system according to claim 12 , the computing device according to claim 13 , or the battery management system according to claim 14 .

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