Hand tool

Abstract

The described solution relates to a hand tool (1) having an actuator (11) and a moving part (16), in which the actuator (11) drives the moving part (16) directly or via a transmission or by means of a hydraulic medium in order to perform a desired operation, a chamber (18) being formed in the hand tool (1), an air volume having an air pressure is enclosed or can be enclosed in the chamber. In order to improve the design of a hand-held tool of this type with respect to operational safety, it is proposed that the air pressure can be varied and evaluated in order to determine the state of the hand-held tool (1), the operation being carried out independently of the air pressure present in the chamber (18).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention describes and relates to a hand-held tool having an actuator and a moving part, wherein the actuator drives the moving part directly or via a transmission device or by a hydraulic medium to perform the desired operation, and a chamber is constructed in the hand-held tool, in which an air volume with air pressure is enclosed or can be enclosed. Background Art

[0002] Hand tools of the aforementioned type are known in various designs. For example, they are designed for pressing, cutting, punching, crimping or, for example, simply as gripping tools, wherein the work is usually carried out by a movable part which is indirectly or directly against a fixed part on the tool side, between which the workpiece to be processed is placed. For this purpose, the movable part is moved indirectly or directly from a movement start position to a movement end position by an actuator, wherein the actuator can be an electric motor which acts through the intervention of a transmission and / or through a hydraulic medium. The actuator can also be, for example, a movable handle which can act on the movable part directly or, for example, indirectly through a hydraulic medium.

[0003] For hand tools designed as hydraulically acting squeezing tools, reference can be made, for example, to WO 03 / 084719A2 (US 7 254 982 B2), EP 1 084 798 B1 (US 6 718 870 B2), WO 2014 / 009363 A1 (US 2015 / 0251256 A1) or WO 2020 / 053101 A1 (US 2021 / 0339367 A1), and further, for example, to WO 2021 / 069587 A1 or DE 10 2013 101 978 A1. For example, DE 10 2014 100 348 A1 discloses a hand tool designed as a squeezing tool with an electric motor that acts on a movable part via a transmission. A pliers-type hand tool is also known by way of example from document WO 2019 / 219407 A1 (US 2021 / 0296837 A1).

[0004] The contents of the aforementioned patent specifications and patent applications are hereby fully incorporated into the disclosure presented herein, with the intention of including incorporating features of these patent specifications and patent applications into the claims of the present solution.

[0005] It is known from the prior art cited for the pressing device that a return spring can be arranged in a chamber located in the hand tool, which return spring, for example, loads the moving part toward a moving start position. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to improve the design of a hand tool of the generic type with regard to operational safety.

[0007] In a first possible solution for a hand tool, emphasis is placed on the ability to vary the gas pressure and evaluate it to obtain a status of the hand tool, wherein operation can be performed independently of the gas pressure generated in the chamber.

[0008] During the movement of the moving part from the movement start position to the movement end position, and additionally or alternatively also during the return of the moving part from the movement end position to the movement start position, the air pressure in the chamber may change. By evaluating the actual air pressure, preferably based on at least one stored target air pressure, knowledge about the state of the hand tool, such as functionality, can be obtained. In addition, such a comparison with stored target values ​​can also be performed when the hand tool is moved into different moving part positions.

[0009] For example, in order to carry out a safety check on a hand tool before using it, the air pressure in the chamber can be additionally changed without moving the moving parts, and thus without using the hand tool, for example using a separate device, further for example in the form of an air pump, wherein the device for changing the air pressure is connected to the chamber.

[0010] The evaluation of the change in the air pressure in the chamber can provide an adjusted display for the user. This can be a pointer in the simplest form, which can be seen by the user during the change in air pressure. For example, an analog or digital display can also be provided, which may only show two possible states, or also show any change in air pressure, for example giving a digital pressure value display. Other optical and / or acoustic signals may also be triggered depending on the change in air pressure.

[0011] Furthermore, the data on the detected changes in the gas pressure can also be stored in a possibly provided data memory of the handheld tool or in an external data memory to which the data can be transmitted, for example, by radio.

[0012] During operation of the hand tool, the gas pressure that should be reached in the chamber and that can be known during the process preferably has no influence on the forces that develop on the workpiece. The performance of the operation is also not dependent on the gas pressure that may be generated in the chamber when the operation is performed. The gas pressure may form a reaction force, which is however clearly secondary to the driving force that develops in the actuator for performing the operation. The pressure values ​​that can be reached in the chamber are preferably so low that they are not sufficient to initiate the extrusion or cutting of the workpiece by themselves or to significantly support the process.

[0013] The additional features are usually described below, including in the description of the figures, in the preferred assignment to the basic described solution or the additional features. However, the additional features may be important because they are only assigned to individual, already described features of the basic solution, or to the corresponding further described features, or may be important independently of one another.

[0014] In a possible embodiment, a pressure sensor is used to measure the air pressure in the chamber. The air pressure measured by this pressure sensor can be evaluated to obtain the status of the handheld tool. Conclusions can be drawn from this measurement evaluation, for example, about correct operation.

[0015] The pressure sensor may be arranged directly on the chamber, facing the interior of the chamber.

[0016] The gas pressure can be varied by changing the size of the chamber. In particular, in those designs in which a portion of the moving part is designed as a piston, this change in the size of the chamber can be directly related to the displacement of the moving part, which can move in the chamber during the displacement. In particular, when the moving part moves from a movement start position to a movement end position, the piston section moving in the chamber leads to a continuous reduction in the size of the chamber.

[0017] A change in the air pressure in the chamber can also be produced by changing the amount, i.e. the volume of air enclosed in the chamber. For example, by connecting a pump or a compressor to the chamber, the air pressure in the chamber can be changed without any movement of moving parts. Such a change in the amount of air enables, for example, a safety check to be performed when the hand tool is in an idle state.

[0018] Furthermore, the gas pressure can change as an operation is initiated or performed, and accordingly, when using a hand tool, safety-related monitoring can also be performed during the operation by knowing and evaluating the gas pressure gradually building up in the chamber.

[0019] The chamber may have a pneumatic sensor in the form of a closable opening. This opening may be separate from other openings, for example through which a part of the moving part moves outwards as seen from the chamber, or the opening may be separate from the opening through which the moving part acts towards the interior of the chamber.

[0020] The closable opening of the chamber may be a relevant component for obtaining the state of the hand tool. This closure may be formed by an independent device that is not directly used to perform the operation, or it may be formed by one or more components or sections of the hand tool itself. The closure of the opening may also be achieved by the user himself when operating the hand tool.

[0021] Another embodiment can provide that the opening is connected to the chamber via an air duct. This can achieve a partial separation between the chamber and the opening. The air duct can be provided, for example, by a channel contained in the hand tool, or can also be provided by a hose arranged in the hand tool.

[0022] In addition, a plurality of such openings can be provided in the handheld tool, which are all connected to the chamber via air ducts. This enables monitoring of different safety-related areas of the handheld tool by only knowing the air pressure value in (eg only one) chamber.

[0023] In one possible embodiment, the hand tool may have a tool that can be moved from an open position, in which the tool can be placed in the hand tool, to an installed position, in which the tool is fixed in the hand tool. This may, for example, involve a hand tool in the form of a squeeze tool, furthermore, for example, a hand tool in the form of a squeeze tool according to document WO2020 / 053101 A1 (US 2021 / 0339367 A1), which has a repositionable pin for rotatably holding a pair of squeeze jaws, furthermore, for example, a pair of squeeze jaws according to document DE 10 2005 028 083 B4 (US 2006 / 0000072 A1). In order to safely operate such a hand tool, it is required that the pin is in the desired holding position.

[0024] In this regard, the opening of the chamber can be closed by moving the pin into the retaining position. This means that in the retaining position of the pin, the chamber is usually closed by the pin. Conversely, if the pin is not moved into the intended retaining position, the chamber of the device is usually connected to the ambient pressure through the opening.

[0025] Only after the pin has been moved into the holding position is the chamber closed off from the ambient pressure so that the air pressure can be increased. This increase in air pressure can be achieved by reducing the volume of the chamber during the repositioning of the moving part. Alternatively, however, it can also be achieved by varying the amount of air in the chamber, which enables, for example, a safety check with a pump before carrying out an operation.

[0026] For example, an increase in the gas pressure in the chamber can be interpreted as a movement of the pin into the holding position. The corresponding result can be displayed optically and / or acoustically. The electronic controller of the electric hand tool can also be used to unlock the drive only when an increase in the gas pressure due to the expected position of the pin has been detected (if necessary to an expected target value).

[0027] In an alternative or combined embodiment, the hand tool can also be equipped with a finger-actuated switch on the first handle. In particular, in motor-driven hand tools, such a switch is used to close a circuit for supplying power to the motor in order to reposition the moving part. The first handle provided here can be formed directly by the housing of the hand tool.

[0028] The switch can have an opening, which is connected to the chamber via an air duct. The opening faces the environment and can lead to the switch actuation surface in a visible and accessible manner.

[0029] The opening in the switch can be sealed in an advantageous and easy-to-operate manner by the finger that actuates the switch. Therefore, as mentioned above, the chamber is usually sealed only when the opening of the switch is sealed by the finger, with the result that the gas pressure in the chamber may increase.

[0030] Therefore, the increase of pressure can be regarded as actuation of the switch by a finger or preparation for actuation of the switch by a finger. Therefore, the correct placement of the user's hand (hand for guiding and operating) on ​​the first handle with the switch can be determined to improve operating safety.

[0031] If the finger is lifted from the switch while the hand tool is in use, the opening is released, resulting in a pressure drop to ambient pressure. A defined gas pressure can no longer be built up in the chamber, which causes the evaluation and control unit to immediately (e.g. within at least approximately 1 / 10 second) deactivate the drive (actuator) and thus interrupt operation.

[0032] According to another possible embodiment, as an alternative or combination of one or more of the aforementioned chamber opening arrangements or the aforementioned pneumatic sensor arrangements, the handheld tool can also be equipped with a separately applied label. This can include, for example, a safety label that also covers, for example, a threaded plug of the handheld tool housing or the access to the maintenance opening, or an information label.

[0033] The pneumatic sensor can be constructed under the tag (in the housing) in the form of an opening for air to pass through. This opening can also be connected to the chamber via an air channel. The air pressure can be increased by the sealing of the opening by the tag, which is the result of a reduction in the size of the chamber, and alternatively the result of an increase in the amount of air in the chamber.

[0034] In the solution described, the detection of a pressure increase is regarded as the expected presence of the tag at the housing position, with the possible consequence that the hand tool can be used / can be activated. In contrast, if such a pressure increase is not detected, it must be assumed that the opening is released because the tag has been removed or damaged. The hand tool then cannot be operated as expected. For example, a possible evaluation and control unit interrupts the actuation of the drive (actuator), making the hand tool inoperable.

[0035] According to a possible embodiment, as an alternative or combination of the arrangement of one or more aforementioned chamber openings, the hand tool can also have a second handle. When necessary, this second handle can be a handle that can be screwed into the hand tool, and it can extend transversely to the main extension axis of the hand tool.

[0036] In such an embodiment, the chambers in both handles can open into corresponding openings arranged in the area of ​​the respective handle, which is usually held or covered by the hand when the hand tool is actuated. For example, the opening in the area of ​​the first handle can be the aforementioned opening in the switch.

[0037] Therefore, a double safety check is generated in this respect. The gas pressure can only be increased if both openings are sealed. The release of only one opening or the non-closure of only one opening already makes it impossible for the gas pressure in the chamber to increase, which leads, for example, to a possible evaluation and control unit interrupting the drive (actuator).

[0038] The pressure increase is thus perceived as the second handle being gripped by one hand and the switch being actuated by a finger of the other hand. This solution is particularly suitable for hand tools which are preferably operated with two hands or which are even provided for two-hand operation for safety reasons.

[0039] According to a possible embodiment, as an alternative or combination of the arrangement of one or more of the aforementioned chamber openings, the handheld tool can also be equipped with a tool holder made of a metal material. This can, for example, involve a motor-driven extrusion tool, and moreover, for example, involve an extrusion tool of the type shown and described in the aforementioned document EP 1 084 798 B1.

[0040] Such tool holders can be exposed to very high forces during the pressing process, which can lead to corresponding loads on the tool holder that exceed the considered service life.

[0041] In order to be able to perform a safe check here as well, the tool holder has a gas channel formed by the metal material itself. When the tool holder is manufactured, a gas channel is accordingly left inside the material, for example as a channel. The channel in particular (at least) passes through a critical area of ​​the tool holder, where experience or calculations have shown that high loads occurring during operation can endanger the use of the tool holder and therefore the entire hand tool.

[0042] The freed air channel is connected to a chamber in the handheld tool. In the intended state of the tool holder, the integrated air channel does not form an opening to the environment, so that the chamber is usually sealed. Accordingly, during operation of the handheld tool or during testing, a pressure increase, for example by a connected pump, is regarded as the presence of an intact tool holder.

[0043] In contrast, a decrease in pressure (during operation) or an assessment of the absence of pressure can be interpreted as the presence of a crack in the tool holding device. The crack creates an opening to the environment. The chamber is not sealed so that pressure cannot build up. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The solution is explained below with reference to the drawings, which however only describe exemplary embodiments. Therefore, components which are described only with respect to one of the exemplary embodiments and which are not replaced by different components in another exemplary embodiment due to outstanding features therein are also described as being present in this other exemplary embodiment in any case. In the drawings:

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing a partial cutaway view of the electric hand tool in the first embodiment;

[0046] Figure 2 Schematically shows Figure 1 Screenshot of Section II in the figure;

[0047] Figure 3 Shown in Figure 1 Section III is cut according to Figure 1 A longitudinal sectional view of a working head of a hand-held tool having a pin;

[0048] Figure 3a Show according to Figure 3 A view with independent operating components;

[0049] Figure 3b Show Figure 3a A magnified view of

[0050] Figure 4 A three-dimensional view of the working head is shown;

[0051] Figure 5 Show Figure 1 A magnified view of region V in FIG.

[0052] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the working head with the moving parts in the starting position of the movement;

[0053] Figure 7 Shown corresponding to Figure 6 , relating to an intermediate position of the movement of the moving part, with the pin in the retaining position;

[0054] Figure 8 Show according to Figure 7 Schematic diagram of , however, the lock bolt is in the open position;

[0055] Fig. 9 Shows a barometric pressure measurement graph;

[0056] Fig.10 Show according to Figure 6 Schematic diagrams of alternative designs;

[0057] Fig.11 Shows the pin region of the working head in an alternative embodiment;

[0058] Fig.12 A partially cut-away side view of a handheld tool relating to another embodiment is shown;

[0059] Fig.13 Show according to Fig.12 A cross-sectional view of a working head of a handheld tool;

[0060] Fig.14 Another partially cut-away side view showing another embodiment of a handheld tool;

[0061] Fig.15 A side view of a handheld tool in another embodiment is shown;

[0062] Fig.16 A schematic diagram showing a handheld tool in another embodiment;

[0063] Fig.17 A view showing a handheld tool in another embodiment;

[0064] Fig.18 A schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a handheld tool in another embodiment;

[0065] Fig.19 A schematic diagram showing a handheld tool in another embodiment, relating to a movement start position of a moving component;

[0066] Fig. 20 Shown corresponding to Fig.19 , relating to the end positions of the movement of the moving parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The following figures show different possible embodiments of the hand tool 1, wherein: Figures 1 to 9 In the first embodiment, there is Fig.10 and Fig.11 Alternative configurations, Fig.12 and Fig.13 Concerning a possible second embodiment, Fig.14Concerning the third embodiment, Figures 15 to 20 Additional exemplary embodiments are shown. In addition to the above, other alternative embodiments are also possible, so Figures 1 to 20 This should not be interpreted as limiting, but rather as illustrating possible features.

[0068] In the first embodiment Figure 1 The handheld tool 1 shown, as well as other embodiments Fig.12 and Fig.14 The hand tool 1 shown can have a pistol-shaped tool base 2 which forms a tool housing. Fig.15 The tool base 2 can also be designed to be slender and rod-shaped.

[0069] The hand tool 1 is exemplarily a hydraulically actuated extrusion tool or crimping tool. However, alternatively, the hand tool 1 can also be modified for other purposes, such as for cutting (such as Fig.14 ) or a stamped workpiece.

[0070] The tool base 2 also has a handle 5, which is usually oriented transversely to the geometric longitudinal axis x of the tool base 2 and by which a user can guide the hand tool 1. If operated wirelessly, a power source in the form of a battery 4 for supplying power to the hand tool 1 is arranged at the free end part 3 of the handle 5. Alternatively, the power source can include a cable, which can be used to establish a connection to a power source via an electrical network.

[0071] In addition to the handle 5 of the tool base 2, the hand tool 1 may also have Fig.14 A further second handle 6 is shown in order to safely guide and hold a particularly heavy hand tool 1 , in particular if one-handed operation is not possible due to the weight.

[0072] In the context of the solution described here, the hand tool 1 can also be designed in particular with a separately provided actuator 7, in particular a separate power supply device and / or a separately provided hydraulic pump, which is connected to the working head 9 of the hand tool 1 via a hydraulic hose 8 (see Fig.16 ).

[0073] exist Figures 1 to 15 In the embodiment shown, the working head 9 or the tool holding device 64 of the handheld tool 1 is connected via an adapter 10 to an actuator 11 in the form of a hydraulic actuator 12, which is integrated in the tool base 2 of the handheld tool 1 (see Figure 2 ). The tool holding device 64 is preferably made of metal.

[0074] The electric motor 32 can be a component of the hydraulic actuator 12, which can be driven by the accumulator 4 provided by way of example. When the finger-actuated switch 14 arranged in the first handle 5 is actuated, hydraulic fluid (oil) is pumped from the hydraulic tank 13 into the hydraulic space 15 via a pump (e.g. a piston pump), thereby causing the piston-shaped moving part 16 movably coupled to the hydraulic space 15 to move in the direction of the movement end position.

[0075] The displacement part 16 can be acted upon by a return spring 17 which surrounds the displacement part 16 in the region of the piston shaft section. The return spring 17 can be located in a chamber 18 defined by a cylindrical chamber wall and is supported here with an end region on the chamber bottom and with an opposite end on a piston section 19 of the displacement part 16 which simultaneously extends into the chamber 18.

[0076] The piston section 19 can have a radial gasket 20 circumferentially. The radial gasket 20 tightly seals the hydraulic space 15 generated behind the displacement part 16 with respect to the chamber 18 guiding the displacement part 16 or with respect to the pneumatic space 72 facing away from the hydraulic space 15.

[0077] As shown, the working head 9 or the tool holder 64 can be replaceably held on a cylindrical chamber wall defining the chamber 18. The working head 9 or the tool holder 64 can be rotated about a geometric longitudinal axis x pointing in the direction of piston movement in order to easily adapt to local conditions.

[0078] according to Figures 1 to 11 As shown, a pair of extrusion jaws 22 rotatable about a y-axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis x can be mounted on the working head 9. These extrusion jaws 22 can be rotated from a spaced open position to a closed position to squeeze a mass 24 placed in an extrusion opening 23 between the extrusion jaws 22.

[0079] To this end, the movable part 16 on the tool holding device 27 can have an impact roller 25, which moves along the running surface 26 of the pressing jaw 22 when the movable part 16 is linearly displaced from the starting position of the movement to the end position of the movement, and the rotation of the pressing jaw 22 is controlled by the running surface.

[0080] The pressing jaw 22 can be rotated about a pin 46 extending along the geometric axis y, wherein the pin 46 is supported in the desired holding position approximately at the corresponding ends in the bores 47 of the two fork-shaped legs 48 of the working head 9, for example Figure 3 shown.

[0081] The retaining position can be ensured, for example, by means of a locking ball 49 .

[0082] The linear movement of the pin 46 along the y-axis enables the pin 46 to be moved into an open position in which the pressing jaw 22 can be removed or mounted.

[0083] By pumping hydraulic fluid into the hydraulic space 15 , the displacement element 16 and therefore the tool holding device 27 with the impact roller 25 can be advanced counter to the restoring force of the return spring 17 .

[0084] The return movement of the displacement element 16 occurs, for example, only due to the restoring force of the return spring 17 , wherein the hydraulic fluid flows out of the hydraulic space 15 and, when a return valve (not shown) is opened, flows back into the hydraulic tank 13 via the displacement element 16 .

[0085] according to Fig.16 In the embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic box 13 can be arranged in the external actuator 7. In this case, the hydraulic box 13 is connected to the hydraulic space 15 through the hydraulic hose 8.

[0086] exist Fig.17 In the embodiment shown, no electric motor drive is provided for delivering the hydraulic fluid. Instead, the actuator 11 is here a lever-type handle 29 which can be rotated relative to a fixed handle 30 and the hydraulic actuator 12 fixed thereto.

[0087] according to Fig.18 In the embodiment of the present invention, a spindle drive 31 can also be provided instead of the hydraulic actuator. The drive also resists the force of the return spring 17 incorporated in the chamber 18. The spindle 3 can be regarded as an example of a transmission. The spindle cooperates with a spindle nut, which transmits the movement of the moving part. The spindle itself can be rotated directly by the electric motor. For further details, reference can also be made to the already mentioned document WO 2014 / 009363 A1 (US 2015 / 0251256A1).

[0088] The spindle of the spindle drive 31 is driven by the electric motor 32 by actuating the switch.

[0089] In addition, as shown in the figure, Fig.19 and Fig. 20 The hand tool 1 shown can also be a strictly manually operated tool, for example a pliers-like tool for squeezing agglomerates.

[0090] The handle 29, which can be rotated like a pair of pliers toward the other handle 30, is also used here as an actuator 11. The articulated structure 33 is used here to move the two pressing jaws 34 toward each other when closing the pressing opening 23.

[0091] according to Fig.12 and Fig.13As shown, the working head 9 or the tool holding device 64 of the handheld tool 1 can have a holding body 35 designed in one piece. Fig.12 or Fig.13 , in which the longitudinal axis x of the hand tool 1 or the tool holding device 64 is represented as a line, the holding body 35 can have an approximately C-shaped design as a whole. The holding body 35 has a first C-shaped leg 36 and a second C-shaped leg 37, which are connected by a connecting plate 38 that is configured approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis x. The two C-shaped legs 36, 37 and the connecting plate 38 are designed as one piece by way of example and, consistent with their material, open a tool opening 39 into which a workpiece to be processed by the hand tool 1, for example a block or a workpiece to be cut, can be inserted.

[0092] The first C-shaped leg 36 has a first tool holder 40. The second C-shaped leg 37 has a second tool holder 41. The first tool holder 40 can be designed as a single piece with the first C-shaped leg 36, while the second tool holder 41 can be moved relative to the first tool holder 40 into the tool opening 39. The second tool holder 41 can be moved hydraulically, for example, by a displacement part 16 that can be linearly displaced in the tool base 2.

[0093] refer to Figure 3 , firstly the possibility of generating an additional or higher air pressure by means of a pump or compressor is shown, see reference numeral 75. The pump or compressor can be driven by a separate electric motor 76. The separate electric motor 76 can also have a separate battery 79. The air generated in the pump or compressor 75 can flow into the chamber 18 via a pump return valve 77 and a separate air pipe 78.

[0094] In addition, reference Figure 3a and 3b The possibility of having a separate operating part 80 is shown. The operating part 80 can be a piston, in particular an air piston. The piston can be biased into its starting position by a return spring 81. With this configuration, no additional air is delivered into the chamber 18, but the chamber 18 changes its volume only by moving the air piston. The air piston is part of the wall of the chamber.

[0095] Each of the two tool holders 40 , 41 is used, for example, for detachably mounting a tool, wherein the first tool holder 40 holds a first tool and the second tool holder 41 holds a second tool.

[0096] The working head 9 may also have a first tool 42 which, when fixed to the tool holder 27 of the movable part 16, can be linearly displaced in the working head 9 along the longitudinal axis x. The first tool 42 may be designed as a movable blade which, when the tool opening 39 is closed, can be moved (see Fig.14 ) is moved towards a fixing means 43 in the form of a mating blade. The blades completely overlap in the final operating position.

[0097] The second handle 6, see Fig.14 , for example, can be fastened via a thread 45 to a working head connecting plate 44 , which is usually oriented in the direction of the longitudinal axis x.

[0098] In particular in hydraulic hand tools, the chamber 18 forms a pneumatic space 72 on the air side of the piston-shaped moving part 16. When the hand tool 1 is operated, i.e. when the moving part 16 moves forward, the volume of the normally closed chamber 18 forming the spring space decreases and the air inside the pneumatic space 72 is compressed. Different types of pneumatic sensors S can be operated by this compressed air during use and include at least one electronic pressure sensor 50, see Figure 5 The pressure sensor 50 can be used to measure the air pressure inside the chamber 18. The pressure sensor 50 can be arranged directly on the chamber 18, facing the interior of the chamber 18. Depending on the measurement result, a possibly downstream electronic evaluation unit and / or control unit can trigger or block a function in the hand tool 1.

[0099] When the moving part moves from the movement start position to the movement end position, additionally or alternatively during the return of the moving part from the movement end position to the movement start position, the air pressure in the chamber may change. By evaluating the actual air pressure, preferably based on at least one stored target air pressure, knowledge about the state of the hand tool, such as the function, can be obtained. In addition, such a comparison with the stored target value can also be carried out when the hand tool is moved into different moving part positions. The stored target air pressure can be stored in an electronic memory, for example a memory arranged on a board in the tool.

[0100] The evaluation of the change in air pressure within the chamber may provide an adjusted display for the user. In its simplest form this may be a pointer which can be seen by the user during changes in air pressure. For example, an analog or digital display 74 may also be provided which may display only two possible states, or also display any changes in air pressure, for example giving a digital pressure value display. Other optical and / or acoustic signals may also be triggered in response to changes in air pressure.

[0101] This chamber 18 can also be provided in a Fig.18 The spindle drive 31 shown in the hand tool 1 is used for pressure measurement.

[0102] In accordance with Fig.19 and Fig. 20 In a dedicated manually operated pliers-type hand tool 1 , the normally closed chamber 18 may only appear when necessary when the tool is actuated.

[0103] The different sensors S can be formed by sealable openings 51. These openings 51 are connected to pressure sensors 50 via air ducts 52, wherein the pressure sensors 50 can be advantageously arranged on a circuit board 53, which is, for example, a circuit board that also has a device controller. The circuit board 53 can preferably be arranged in the first handle 5.

[0104] The evaluation unit and / or the control unit can be situated, for example, on the printed circuit board 53 , as can a possibly provided memory for storing measured air pressure data.

[0105] In accordance with Fig.16 In the design of the handheld tool 1, the pressure sensor 50 arranged on the circuit board 53 can be set in a separate actuator 7. For this purpose, in addition to the hydraulic hose 8, a channel-shaped sensor pipeline 73 can be formed between the pressure sensor 50 and the chamber 18 formed in the handheld tool 1.

[0106] The air channel 52 can be formed by a gas-tightly connected hose 55, which extends in particular to the interior of the tool housing. Additional air channels 52 are formed by open channels 56 of the working head 9 or the tool holder 64 and / or the tool 1 and / or the moving part 16 and / or the adapter 10, wherein the gaskets 54 can be arranged interspersedly to allow these channels 56 to also bridge the interface between two sections that may move, in particular rotate, relative to each other, such as the working head 9 or the tool holder 64 and the adapter 10. In addition, these channels 56 can transition into the hose 55 inside the housing.

[0107] A plurality of channels 56 and / or hoses 55 for monitoring a plurality of sensors S can be connected to one another so that only one air channel 52 ultimately leads directly to the pressure sensor 50 .

[0108] Initially based on Figures 1 to 3 Described is an exemplary embodiment, wherein, in the region of the forked legs 48, the working head 9 comprising a pair of extrusion jaws 22 has a channel 56 for forming an air channel 52 extending approximately in the direction of the longitudinal axis x. As shown, this channel 56 can be composed of two or more merged channel sections.

[0109] The passage 56 passes through the bore 47 which is covered by the free end of the pin 46 in the holding position and is freely open in the front region of the fork-shaped leg 48. The opening 51 forming the sensor S is present in the region covered by the passage 56 and the bore 47.

[0110] As shown in the figure, the area of ​​the opening 51 may have a sealing sleeve 60 , which can reduce the opening area of ​​the opening 51 .

[0111] The cylindrical wall forming the chamber 18 is closed by a sleeve 57 which is radially spaced from the cylindrical wall forming the chamber 18 to leave between them a tubular passage section 58. This passage section 58 is connected to the passage 56 of the working head 9 to form a seal relative to the environment.

[0112] The channel section 58 can merge into a pipe section 59 which in turn can be connected to a hose 55 leading to the pressure sensor 50 .

[0113] The interior of the chamber 18 is connected to the air channel 52 , ie, the channel 56 , via the branch channel 61 , so that when the opening 51 is sealed, the air pressure generated in the chamber 18 also appears in the entire air channel network.

[0114] based on Figures 6 to 8 The schematic diagram in illustrates the activation principle. The pin 46 completely introduced into the bore 47 seals the gas channel 52 formed by the channel 56 from the environment. The sealing sleeve 60 arranged in the opening 51 seals the opening 51 by abutting against the surface of the pin 46.

[0115] When the actuator is activated, for example according to Fig.17 In the embodiment of the embodiment, when the motor is activated or the handle is actuated, the pump delivers oil into the pneumatic space 72 of the chamber 18 and moves the moving part 16 forward. This causes an immediate increase in the air pressure in the pneumatic space 72, which may also accommodate the return spring 17. The increase in air pressure is caused by the reduction in the size of the chamber.

[0116] according to Fig. 9 , each stroke of the pump can be considered as a step in the air pressure curve L. If the actuator 11 stops (point L1 in the air pressure curve L), the moving part 16 does not move anymore and remains in this position. A slight drop in pressure may be caused by an imperfect rod and locking pin washer.

[0117] Opening the return valve (at point L2 of the air pressure curve L) can initiate the complete retraction of the moving part 16 by the relaxation of the return spring 17 and can completely release the air pressure. Due to the possible pressure loss caused by leakage, the air pressure can even drop below the ambient pressure in advance. This characteristic is not a disadvantage, because the next operation will start with negative pressure, which is an indication that the pin 46 is already correctly located in the holding position even before the motor 32 is started.

[0118] As long as the pin 46 has been fully introduced, a slight movement of the mobile part 16 already leads to a pressure increase, which can be accurately measured by the electronic pressure sensor 50. In contrast, if the pin 46 is not correctly introduced (e.g. Figure 8 As shown, since the opening 51 is open to the environment, no pressure build-up occurs. This missing signal at the pressure sensor 50 can be used to stop the motor 32 of the hand tool 1 immediately after a travel of less than 1 mm, or to prevent the motor 32 from activating. (Further) displacement of the moving part 16 is prevented.

[0119] like Fig.10 As schematically shown, for example for testing purposes, the pneumatic sensor S can also be activated before commissioning the hand tool 1, without activating the movement of the moving part 16. In this case, for example, the auxiliary pump 62 can be connected in a stationary, idle state of the hand tool 1. Fig.10 As long as the pin 46 remains completely in its intended holding position, the auxiliary pump 62 generates an increased air pressure in the chamber system of the hand tool 1 by expanding the total amount of enclosed air. If, on the other hand, the pin 46 is not in its intended holding position, the opening 51 is open to the environment and no increase in air pressure can be achieved even by the auxiliary pump 62.

[0120] Regardless of whether a safety test using sensor S is performed before or during operation of handheld tool 1 , the values ​​measured by pressure sensor 50 may also be stored, for example in a device memory.

[0121] Fig.11 An alternative design of the pin 46 is shown. In the intended holding position, the end of the pin 46 opposite the actuating end of the pin 46 moves into a blind hole-like recess 63, which is provided instead of the bore 47. The channel 56 forming the air channel 52 opens into this recess 63, and its opening 51 is sealed by the wall of the pin 46 in the region of the recess 63 when the pin 46 is fully inserted. Accordingly, during the commissioning of the hand tool 1, a pressure increase occurs which can be measured by the pressure sensor 50.

[0122] Especially Figure 5As shown, an opening 51 forming one of the pneumatic sensors S is connected to the pressure sensor 50 via an air channel 52 in the form of a hose 55 , which opening may also be configured in the switch 14 for activating the actuator 11 and covered by the user's finger for actuating the switch 14 .

[0123] The expected arrangement of the finger is queried via the pneumatic sensor S. Only when an increase in the air pressure in the chamber 18 is achieved and detected by covering the opening 51 with a finger can the hand tool 1 be activated or used further.

[0124] The pneumatic sensor S on the switch 14 can be connected to the Figures 1 to 8 The pneumatic sensor S for querying the position of the pin 46 may also be combined with other sensors S to be described below.

[0125] according to Fig.12 and Fig.13 According to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 5 , a pneumatic sensor S can be arranged by forming an air channel 52 inside the working head 9 including the tool holding device 64 , in particular inside the connecting plate 38 , without (initially) resulting in an opening to the environment.

[0126] The shaped channel 56 is connected via a branch channel 61 to the interior of the chamber 18 , in particular to the pneumatic space 72 , and to the channel section 58 formed by the sleeve 57 .

[0127] In the desired state of the working head 9 , during the movement of the moving part 16 , the gas pressure increases significantly, while the volume of the chamber 18 decreases accordingly.

[0128] A pressure drop during operation or the absence of a measurable pressure increase indicates the presence of a crack 21 in the tool holding device 64. The crack 21 leads to an opening 51 to the environment.

[0129] Another branch channel 61 'can lead into the opening 51 formed by the housing bore 65. This opening 51 can be covered, for example, by a label 66, further, for example, by a warning label, and is therefore closed when the hand tool 1 is configured as expected. If the pressure increases during operation, it indicates that the label 66 is arranged as expected. In contrast, if no increase in air pressure is noticed after the label 66 is removed, the actuator 11, for example the motor 32, is turned off or further preferably not activated.

[0130] A pneumatic sensor S may also be provided to query the expected use of the second handle 6 mounted on the working head 9 (see Fig.14). The channel 56 extending from the chamber 18 through the working head 9 opens in the region of the thread 45 for fixing the second handle 6 to the working head 9 and in this way is connected to the handle channel 67 in the second handle 6. The handle channel 67 opens into the opening 51 on the outer circumference of the handle wall and is further positioned in such a way that during conventional operation, the opening 51 is covered by the hand grasping the second handle 6. If the opening 51 is not covered, the pressure does not increase. This is considered to be an unintended use of the hand tool 1.

[0131] If a combination of multiple pneumatic sensors is given, a test run of the tool 1 or a continued operation of the tool 1 can only be achieved if all relevant openings 51 are sealed, so that the pressure can be increased. If the openings 51 are covered, for example, by labels 66 and / or there are no cracks inside the tool holding device 64 and / or if the second handle 6 is grasped as expected and / or the switch 14 is actuated by a finger, the expected use state can be present.

[0132] Fig.18 An example of a spindle drive 31 is shown. An increase in the gas pressure in the chamber 18 measured by the pressure sensor 50 can be achieved by covering the opening 51 provided in the gripping area 68 with the hand of the user. If the opening 51 is not covered, no pressure increase occurs, which is regarded as an unintended use of the hand tool 1 and leads to deactivation.

[0133] Particularly in the case of an electric motor 32 and / or a hydraulically or pneumatically driven hand tool 1 , no significant pressure increase can immediately stop the advancement of the moving part 16 and / or directly initiate its retraction, or prevent the start of advancement.

[0134] The gas pressure that can be achieved in the chamber 18 and the air channel system connected thereto is relatively low, at any rate not low enough to generate the necessary force in the area of ​​the tool. The gas pressure that can be achieved also does not contribute to the gradual development of force.

[0135] In accordance with Fig.19 and Fig. 20 In the pliers-like hand tool 1, the moving part 16 can be fixedly connected to the handle 29 used as the actuator 11. During the operation process in which the handles 29 and 30 are moved toward each other like pliers, the moving part 16 extends into the chamber 18, which is configured in the other handle 30 and is connected to the opening 51 configured on the surface of the handle 30 via the air channel 52 in the form of a channel 56. When the hand tool 1 is in the expected operating state, the opening 51 is covered by the label 66.

[0136] When the handles 29 and 30 are moved toward each other, the squeeze port 23 is closed simultaneously and the moving part 16 extends into the chamber 18. This causes the volume in the chamber 18 to continuously decrease, so that the pressure in the chamber 18 increases when the opening 51 is covered by the label 66. This can be used to move the visual indicator 70 through the other air channel 69, which in the corresponding air pressure protrudes beyond the circumferential surface of the handle 30 via the sealed opening 71, thereby indicating the intended use.

[0137] If the opening 51 is not covered by the label 66, no increase in air pressure occurs. Therefore, the indicator 70 does not protrude.

[0138] The opening 51 in the above-described embodiment that can be covered and sealed can alternatively also be provided by a valve.

[0139] Reference numerals list

[0140] 1Handheld tools

[0141] 2 Tool base

[0142] 3-end components

[0143] 4. Battery

[0144] 5 handles

[0145] 6 second handle

[0146] 7 Actuator

[0147] 8 Hydraulic hose

[0148] 9 working heads

[0149] 10 Adapter

[0150] 11 Actuator

[0151] 12 Hydraulic actuators

[0152] 13 Hydraulic box

[0153] 14 Switches

[0154] 15 Hydraulic space

[0155] 16 moving parts

[0156] 17 Return spring

[0157] 18 Chambers

[0158] 19 piston section

[0159] 20 radial washers

[0160] 21 Cracks

[0161] 22 extrusion jaw pairs

[0162] 23 Extrusion port

[0163] 24 clumps

[0164] 25 Impact Roller

[0165] 26 running surfaces

[0166] 27 Tool holding device

[0167] 29 handles

[0168] 30 handles

[0169] 31 Spindle drive

[0170] 32 Electric motor

[0171] 33 hinge structure

[0172] 34 Squeeze Jaw

[0173] 35 holding body

[0174] 36 C-shaped side legs

[0175] 37 C-shaped side legs

[0176] 38 connection plate

[0177] 39 tool port

[0178] 40 first tool holding device

[0179] 41 Second tool holding device

[0180] 42 Tools

[0181] 43 Tools

[0182] 44 working head connecting plate

[0183] 45 thread

[0184] 46 pin

[0185] 47 Drilling

[0186] 48 Forked side legs

[0187] 49 Locking ball

[0188] 50 Pressure Sensor

[0189] 51 Open

[0190] 52 Airway

[0191] 53 Circuit Board

[0192] 54 Washers

[0193] 55 Hose

[0194] 56 channels

[0195] 57 casing

[0196] 58 channel segment

[0197] 59 pipe section

[0198] 60 sealing sleeve

[0199] 61 branch channel

[0200] 61' branch channel

[0201] 62 auxiliary pump

[0202] 63 concavity

[0203] 64 Tool holding device

[0204] 65 Shell drilling

[0205] 66 Tags

[0206] 67 handle channels

[0207] 68 grip area

[0208] 69 Airway

[0209] 70 indicator

[0210] 71 Opening

[0211] 72 Pneumatic Space

[0212] 73 sensor pipeline

[0213] 74 digital display

[0214] 75 Pumps / Compressors

[0215] 76 Electric Motor

[0216] 77 Reflux Valve

[0217] 78 Air pipe

[0218] 79 Battery

[0219] 80 Operating parts

[0220] 81 return spring

[0221] x-axis

[0222] y axis

[0223] L pressure curve

[0224] Ll point

[0225] L2 point

[0226] S Sensor

Claims

1. A hand tool (1) having an actuator (11) and a moving part (16), wherein: The actuator (11) drives the movable part (16) directly or via a transmission device or by a hydraulic medium to perform the intended operation, and a chamber (18) is constructed in the hand tool (16), and an air volume with air pressure is closed or can be closed in the chamber, characterized in that the movable part or an opening part independent of the movable part (16) is arranged to change the air pressure by changing the space of the chamber (18) or alternatively by supplying additional air to the chamber (18), and the state of the hand tool (16) can be identified by evaluating the air pressure, wherein the driving of the movable part (16) can be implemented with or without pressure.

2. The hand tool (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure sensor (35) is provided, which is arranged to measure the air pressure in the chamber (18) and can evaluate the measured air pressure to detect the state of the hand tool (1).

3. The hand tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The space of the chamber (18) is changed by moving the walls of the chamber (18).

4. The hand tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that By supplying additional air into the chamber (18), the air pressure can be varied.

5. The hand tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that Changes in air pressure are associated with operations.

6. A hand tool (1) having an actuator (11) and a moving part (16), wherein: The actuator (11) drives the moving part (16) directly or via a transmission device or by a hydraulic medium to perform the desired operation, and a chamber (18) is constructed in the hand tool (16), and an air volume with air pressure is enclosed or can be enclosed in the chamber, characterized in that the air pressure can be changed and the air pressure can be evaluated to obtain the state of the hand tool (1), wherein the operation can be carried out independently of the air pressure existing in the chamber (18).

7. The hand tool (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that A pressure sensor (35) is provided, which is arranged to measure the air pressure in the chamber (18) and can evaluate the measured air pressure to obtain the status of the hand tool (1).

8. The handheld tool according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The gas pressure can be varied by changing the size of the chamber (18).

9. The hand tool according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that The air pressure can be varied by changing the amount of air enclosed in the chamber (18).

10. The hand tool according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that: The air pressure changes when an action is triggered or performed.

11. The hand tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The chamber (18) has a sealable opening (51).

12. The hand tool (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that The opening (51) is connected to the chamber (18) via an air passage (52).

13. The hand tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The hand tool (1) has a tool (22) which can be moved into a holding position by means of a pin (46), wherein the pin (46) can be moved from an open position into a holding position in which the tool can be inserted into the hand tool (1) and in which the tool is fixed in the hand tool (1).

14. The hand tool according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that The opening (51) can be closed by moving the bolt (46) into the retaining position.

15. The hand tool according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that: By moving the pin (46) into the retaining position, the gas pressure can be increased.

16. The hand tool according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that The increase in gas pressure in the chamber (18) can be seen as a movement of the pin (46) into the retaining position.

17. The hand tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The first handle (5) of the hand tool (1) has a finger-actuated switch (14).

18. The handheld tool according to claim 17, characterized in that: The switch (14) has an opening (51) for air to pass through.

19. The handheld tool according to claim 18, characterized in that: The opening (51) can be closed by a finger for actuating the switch (14).

20. The hand tool according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that: The gas pressure can be increased by closing the opening (51) in the switch (14).

21. The hand tool according to any one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that The increase in pressure can be seen as an actuation of the switch (14) by a finger.

22. The hand tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The hand tool (1) is provided with a separately applied label (66).

23. The handheld tool according to claim 22, characterized in that An opening (51) for the passage of air is formed below the label (66).

24. The handheld tool according to claim 23, characterized in that The opening (51) is sealed by the label (66).

25. The handheld tool according to claim 24, characterized in that By sealing the opening (51), the gas pressure can be increased.

26. The hand tool according to any one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that An increase in pressure can be interpreted as the presence of the tag (66).

27. The hand tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The hand tool (1) has a second handle (6).

28. The handheld tool according to claim 27, characterized in that The chambers (18) in the two handles (5, 6) communicate with respective openings (51) which are arranged in the region of the respective handle (5, 6) which is respectively grasped by a hand during actuation of the hand tool (1).

29. The handheld tool according to claim 28, characterized in that By sealing the two openings (51), the gas pressure can be increased.

30. The hand tool according to any one of claims 27 to 29, characterized in that The increase in pressure can be seen as the second handle (6) being grasped by a hand, while the switch (14) is actuated by a finger.

31. The hand tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The handheld tool (1) is provided with a tool holding device (64) made of metal material.

32. The handheld tool according to claim 31, characterized in that The tool holding device (64) has an air channel (52) which is formed of the metal material itself.

33. The handheld tool according to claim 32, characterized in that The air passage (52) is connected to the chamber (18).

34. The hand tool according to any one of claims 31 to 33, characterized in that A pressure drop can be viewed as the presence of a crack (21) in the tool holding device (64).

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