A spline shaft processing method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of spline processing, and in particular, to a spline shaft processing method. The spline shaft processing method is based on the completion of positioning of a semi-finished shaft, rolling a plurality of spline teeth on the semi-finished shaft; based on the completion of the spline tooth processing, processing a clearance ring groove on the assembly end of the semi-finished shaft; the clearance ring groove is coaxial with the semi-finished shaft; the clearance ring groove penetrates the circumferential surface of the semi-finished shaft and the end face of the assembly end; the end face diameter of the assembly end is smaller than the maximum diameter of the semi-finished shaft; based on the completion of the clearance ring groove processing, rolling and forming two guide bevels at the end of each spline tooth close to the clearance ring groove; based on the completion of the guide bevel processing, heat treatment is performed on the semi-finished shaft. In this way, the problem of axial material overflow during the spline shaft processing is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of spline processing, and in particular to a spline shaft processing method. Background Art

[0002] The spline shaft is a key component for power transmission inside the gearbox. The torque generated by the engine is transmitted to the spline shaft of the gearbox through the clutch, and then through a series of gears and spline shafts, the power is transmitted to the output shaft, and finally drives the vehicle to travel. It can effectively transmit large torque and ensure the normal operation of the vehicle under various working conditions. The structural characteristics of the spline shaft are that there are longitudinal keyways on the cylindrical surface of the shaft, and the rotating parts sleeved on the shaft also have corresponding keyways, so as to keep synchronous rotation with the shaft. The processing methods of the spline shaft mainly include rolling, milling, grinding, etc. The process of processing the spline shaft by rolling is mainly through a group of rollers or rack dies with the same cross-sectional shape as the spline shaft tooth shape, which roll relative to the workpiece under the action of pressure, gradually press into the surface metal material of the workpiece, and cause the workpiece to undergo plastic deformation to form a spline shaft. This processing method has the advantages of high efficiency, low energy consumption, and high material utilization.

[0003] There are also some problems in using the rolling method to process spline shafts. When the workpiece undergoes plastic deformation under pressure, there is material overflow in the axial direction, which needs to be cut off. However, cutting before heat treatment will cause deformation after heat treatment and affect dimensional accuracy. Cutting after heat treatment will be more difficult due to the high hardness. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem of axial material overflow during the spline shaft processing, the present invention provides a spline shaft processing method, comprising:

[0005] Step S10, based on the completion of the positioning of the semi-finished shaft, rolling a plurality of spline teeth on the semi-finished shaft; the length direction of the spline teeth is parallel to the axial direction of the semi-finished shaft; the plurality of spline teeth are distributed around the axis of the semi-finished shaft;

[0006] Step S20, based on the completion of the spline tooth processing, a clearance ring groove is processed on the assembly end of the semi-finished shaft; the clearance ring groove is coaxial with the semi-finished shaft; the clearance ring groove penetrates the circumferential surface of the semi-finished shaft and the end face of the assembly end; the end face diameter of the assembly end is smaller than the maximum diameter of the semi-finished shaft;

[0007] Step S30, based on the completion of the processing of the clearance ring groove, two guiding inclined surfaces are rolled at the end of each spline tooth close to the clearance ring groove; the two guiding inclined surfaces are distributed on two opposite sides of the spline tooth; the tooth thickness of the spline tooth at the position of the guiding inclined surfaces gradually decreases in the direction close to the clearance ring groove;

[0008] Step S40: based on the guide bevel machining being completed, heat treatment is performed on the semi-finished shaft.

[0009] In some embodiments, step S10 includes:

[0010] Step S11, based on the completion of the positioning of the semi-finished shaft, a limiting ring groove is processed on the semi-finished shaft; the limiting ring groove is coaxial with the semi-finished shaft; and there is a spacing between the limiting ring groove and the end face of the assembly end;

[0011] Step S12, based on the completion of the machining of the limiting ring groove, rolling a plurality of spline teeth on the semi-finished shaft; the length direction of the spline teeth is parallel to the axial direction of the semi-finished shaft; the plurality of spline teeth are distributed around the axis of the semi-finished shaft; the limiting ring groove divides each of the spline teeth into a first key tooth segment and a second tooth segment; one end of the first key tooth segment extends to the assembly end;

[0012] In the step S40, the limiting ring groove is located outside the heat treatment range of the semi-finished shaft.

[0013] In some embodiments, the step S20 includes: based on the completion of the processing of the spline teeth, processing a clearance ring groove on the assembly end of the semi-finished shaft, and processing a limiting ring groove on the semi-finished shaft; the clearance ring groove penetrates the circumferential surface of the semi-finished shaft and the end face of the assembly end; the end face diameter of the assembly end is smaller than the maximum diameter of the semi-finished shaft; the limiting ring groove is coaxial with the semi-finished shaft; the limiting ring groove and the end face of the assembly end have a spacing; the limiting ring groove divides each of the spline teeth into a first key tooth segment and a second tooth segment; one end of the first key tooth segment extends to the assembly end;

[0014] In the step S40, the limiting ring groove is located outside the heat treatment range of the semi-finished shaft.

[0015] In some embodiments, step S20 includes:

[0016] Step S21, based on the completion of the processing of the spline teeth, processing a limiting ring groove on the semi-finished shaft; the limiting ring groove is coaxial with the semi-finished shaft; there is a spacing between the limiting ring groove and the end face of the assembly end; the limiting ring groove divides each of the spline teeth into a first key tooth segment and a second tooth segment; one end of the first key tooth segment extends to the assembly end;

[0017] Step S22, based on the completion of the machining of the limiting ring groove, machining a clearance ring groove on the assembly end of the semi-finished shaft; the clearance ring groove penetrates the circumferential surface of the semi-finished shaft and the end face of the assembly end; the end face diameter of the assembly end is smaller than the maximum diameter of the semi-finished shaft;

[0018] In the step S40, the limiting ring groove is located outside the heat treatment range of the semi-finished shaft.

[0019] In some embodiments, step S40 includes:

[0020] Step S41, based on the guide bevel machining being completed, heat treatment is performed on the semi-finished shaft;

[0021] Step S42, based on the completion of the heat treatment of the semi-finished shaft, repair the size of the limit ring groove and clean the burrs on the semi-finished shaft until the semi-finished shaft is processed to form a spline shaft.

[0022] In some embodiments, the step S42 includes: based on the completion of the heat treatment of the semi-finished shaft, turning the overflowed material inside the limit ring groove, and grinding the burrs on the semi-finished shaft until the semi-finished shaft is processed to form a spline shaft.

[0023] In some embodiments, the step S30 includes: based on the completion of the processing of the clearance ring groove, using a first rolling template to roll and form two guide bevels at the end of each spline tooth close to the clearance ring groove; the two guide bevels are distributed on two opposite sides of the spline tooth; the tooth thickness of the spline tooth at the position of the guide bevel gradually decreases in the direction close to the clearance ring groove;

[0024] The first rolling template includes a first template body and a plurality of first rolled racks fixed on the first template body; the length of the first rolled rack is greater than the length of the first key tooth segment; the first rolled rack includes a connected first rolled tooth segment and a second rolled tooth segment; the width of the first rolled tooth segment gradually increases in a direction away from the second rolled tooth segment.

[0025] In some embodiments, step S40 includes:

[0026] Step S41, based on the guide bevel machining being completed, heat treatment is performed on the semi-finished shaft;

[0027] Step S42, based on the completion of the heat treatment of the semi-finished shaft, a limiting ring groove is processed on the semi-finished shaft; the limiting ring groove is coaxial with the semi-finished shaft; the limiting ring groove and the end face of the assembly end have a spacing; the limiting ring groove divides each of the spline teeth into a first key tooth segment and a second key tooth segment; one end of the first key tooth segment extends to the assembly end; the processing position of the limiting ring groove is within the heat treatment range of the semi-finished shaft.

[0028] In some embodiments, the machining surface formed by the clearance ring groove at the assembly end is a clearance circular surface and a clearance plane; the clearance circular surface is coaxial with the semi-finished shaft; the diameter of the clearance circular surface is equal to the end face diameter of the assembly end; the clearance plane is perpendicular to the axis of the semi-finished shaft; the clearance plane is annular; the inner ring of the clearance plane is connected with the clearance circular surface.

[0029] In some embodiments, the machining surface formed by the clearance ring groove at the assembly end is a truncated cone surface; the minimum diameter of the truncated cone surface is equal to the end face diameter of the assembly end; the maximum diameter of the truncated cone surface is equal to the maximum diameter of the semi-finished shaft.

[0030] In order to solve the problem of axial material overflow during the spline shaft processing, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0031] In order to facilitate the assembly of the spline shaft, the guide bevel is rolled at the end of the spline shaft. Although the axial overflow is increased, the spline shaft is processed in two steps. The first step is to process the conventional spline teeth, and the second step is to process the guide bevel part, thereby avoiding the problem of excessive axial force causing damage to the equipment when processing the spline teeth and the guide groove at the same time. In addition, a clearance ring groove is turned before processing the guide bevel, so that the axial overflow material after rolling will reach the position of the clearance ring groove instead of protruding from the end face, thereby improving the spline dimensional accuracy, avoiding the process of turning the overflow material after heat treatment, and reducing the difficulty of processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a spline shaft processing method according to an embodiment is shown;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a spline shaft according to an embodiment is shown;

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a spline shaft in another embodiment is shown;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a rack according to an embodiment is shown;

[0036] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a rack of another embodiment is shown;

[0037] Figure 6 An axonometric view of a spline shaft of one embodiment is shown;

[0038] Figure 7 Shows Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of part A of the spline shaft is shown.

[0039] Figure numerals: 10 spline shaft; 11 shaft body; 12 spline teeth; 121 first spline tooth segment; 122 second spline tooth segment; 13 guide inclined surface; 14 assembly end; 15 limiting ring groove; 16 clearance circumferential surface; 17 clearance plane; 18 frustum cone surface; 19 overflow protrusion; 20 first rolled rack; 21 first rolled tooth segment; 22 second rolled tooth segment; 30 second rolled rack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present disclosure will now be discussed with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the present disclosure, rather than implying any limitation on the scope of the present disclosure.

[0041] As used herein, the term "including" and its variants are to be interpreted as open-ended terms meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" is to be interpreted as "based at least in part on". The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment". The term "another embodiment" is to be interpreted as "at least one other embodiment". The orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are mainly for better describing the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. In addition, in addition to being used to indicate an orientation or position relationship, some of the above terms may also be used to indicate other meanings, such as the term "upper" may also be used to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "install", "set", "provided with", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, elements or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are mainly used to distinguish different devices, elements or components (the specific types and structures may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance and quantity of the indicated devices, elements or components. Unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0042] The spline shaft 10 is a key component for power transmission inside the gearbox, which can effectively transmit a large torque and ensure the normal operation of the vehicle under various working conditions. The spline shaft 10 is composed of a shaft body 11 and a plurality of spline teeth 12. When the spline teeth 12 on the spline shaft 10 are processed by rolling, the rack and the workpiece will roll relative to each other, causing the rack to be pressed into the workpiece. When the workpiece undergoes plastic deformation under pressure, there is material overflow in the axial direction, and the overflow protrusion 19 formed needs to be cut off. However, cutting before heat treatment will cause deformation of the cut part after heat treatment, affecting the dimensional accuracy. Cutting after heat treatment will make cutting more difficult due to the high hardness. To this end, the present embodiment discloses a method for processing a spline shaft 10, such as Figure 1 As shown, the processing method of the spline shaft 10 may include steps S10 to S40, and each step is described in detail as follows:

[0043] Step S10, after the semi-finished shaft is positioned, multiple spline teeth 12 can be directly rolled on the semi-finished shaft. The length direction of the spline teeth 12 is parallel to the axial direction of the semi-finished shaft, and the multiple spline teeth 12 are distributed around the axis of the semi-finished shaft. One-time processing of the entire length of the spline teeth 12 can make the radial overflow of the semi-finished shaft more uniform, and improve the radial dimensional accuracy of the spline shaft 10 after forming. The spline teeth 12 can be rolled using a second rolling template, such as Figure 5 As shown, the second rolling template includes a second template body and a plurality of second rolling racks 30 fixed on the second template body. The second rolling racks 30 are parallel to the axis of the spline shaft 10 and have uniform width.

[0044] Step S20, after the spline teeth 12 are processed, a clearance ring groove may be processed on the assembly end 14 of the semi-finished shaft. Figure 3 As shown, the clearance ring groove is coaxial with the semi-finished shaft, and the clearance ring groove penetrates to the circumferential surface of the semi-finished shaft and the end face of the assembly end 14, so that the end face diameter of the assembly end 14 is smaller than the maximum diameter of the semi-finished shaft. During the processing of the clearance ring groove, the overflow protrusion 19 generated in the axial direction of the semi-finished shaft when rolling the spline teeth 12 can be cut off, and at the same time, the tolerance for the processing of the clearance ring groove is increased. The space cut out can provide space for the overflow protrusion 19 on the semi-finished shaft when rolling the guide bevel 13 in the next step, thereby avoiding the need to turn the overflow material with increased hardness after heat treatment, reducing the difficulty of processing.

[0045] Step S30, after the clearance ring groove is processed, two guide inclined surfaces 13 can be formed by rolling at the end of each spline tooth 12 near the clearance ring groove. Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, two guiding slopes 13 are distributed on two opposite sides of each spline tooth 12, and the tooth thickness of the spline tooth 12 at the guiding slope 13 gradually decreases in the direction close to the yielding ring groove. The guiding slope 13 can further provide a guiding function for the assembly of the spline shaft 10 and other parts, making it easier for the spline tooth 12 to fit with the corresponding spline groove.

[0046] Step S40, after the guide bevel 13 is processed, the semi-finished shaft can be heat treated. The hardness of the finished shaft after heat treatment is increased and it can be put into use.

[0047] In addition, the processing of the spline is divided into two steps, first processing the conventional spline teeth 12 and then processing the guide bevel 13, which can avoid the problem of excessive axial force causing damage to the equipment when processing the spline teeth 12 and the guide bevel 13 at the same time.

[0048] In this embodiment, step S10 may include step S11 and step S12, which are described in detail as follows:

[0049] Step S11, after the semi-finished shaft is positioned, a limiting ring groove 15 may be machined on the semi-finished shaft. Figure 3 As shown, the limiting ring groove 15 is coaxial with the semi-finished shaft, and there is a gap between the limiting ring groove 15 and the end face of the assembly end 1. Processing the limiting ring groove 15 before rolling the spline teeth 12 can avoid the large axial resistance during the rolling process due to the long length of the spline teeth 12. The use of the limiting ring groove 15 for separation can reduce the continuous processing length of the spline teeth 12, thereby reducing the axial force and reducing damage to the equipment. In addition, the limiting ring groove 15 can also provide space for the overflow protrusion 19 generated in the axial direction.

[0050] Step S12, after the processing of the limiting ring groove 15 is completed, multiple spline teeth 12 can be rolled on the semi-finished shaft. The length direction of the spline teeth 12 is parallel to the axial direction of the semi-finished shaft, and multiple spline teeth 12 are distributed around the axis of the semi-finished shaft. The limiting ring groove 15 divides each spline tooth 12 into a first key tooth segment 121 and a second tooth segment. One end of the first key tooth segment 121 extends to the assembly end 14, and the axial length of the first key tooth segment 121 can be less than the axial length of the second key tooth segment 122. Since the processing step of the limiting ring groove 15 is located before the processing step of the clearance ring groove, the clearance ring groove only needs to accommodate the overflow protrusion 19 generated by the first key tooth segment 121 when processing the guide bevel 13, so the processing size of the clearance ring groove can have a larger tolerance, reducing the number of attempts to cut the size of the clearance ring groove and improving the processing efficiency.

[0051] In step S40 , the limiting ring groove 15 is located outside the heat treatment range of the semi-finished shaft, which can avoid cracks in the limiting ring groove 15 and affect the strength of the spline shaft 10 .

[0052] In this embodiment, step S20 may include:

[0053] After the spline teeth 12 are processed, a clearance ring groove can be processed on the assembly end 14 of the semi-finished shaft, and a limiting ring groove 15 can be processed on the semi-finished shaft. The clearance ring groove penetrates the circumferential surface of the semi-finished shaft and the end face of the assembly end 14, so that the end face diameter of the assembly end 14 is smaller than the maximum diameter of the semi-finished shaft. The limiting ring groove 15 is coaxial with the semi-finished shaft, and there is a spacing between the limiting ring groove 15 and the end face of the assembly end 14. The limiting ring groove 15 divides each spline tooth 12 into a first key tooth segment 121 and a second tooth segment. One end of the first key tooth segment 121 extends to the assembly end 14, and the axial length of the first key tooth segment 121 can be smaller than the axial length of the second key tooth segment 122. Therefore, the clearance ring groove only needs to accommodate the overflow protrusion 19 generated by processing the first key tooth segment 121, and can have a larger tolerance.

[0054] In addition, the machining of the limiting ring groove 15 is located after the machining of the spline teeth 12 , which can improve the consistency of the overall radial expansion of the spline teeth 12 and improve the radial dimensional accuracy of the spline teeth 12 .

[0055] In step S40 , the limiting ring groove 15 is located outside the heat treatment range of the semi-finished shaft, which can avoid cracks in the limiting ring groove 15 and affect the strength of the spline shaft 10 .

[0056] In this embodiment, step S20 may include step S21 and step S22, which are described in detail as follows:

[0057] Step S21, after the processing of the spline teeth 12 is completed, the limiting ring groove 15 can be processed on the semi-finished shaft. Among them, the limiting ring groove 15 is coaxial with the semi-finished shaft, and there is a spacing between the limiting ring groove 15 and the end face of the assembly end 14. The limiting ring groove 15 divides each spline tooth 12 into a first key tooth segment 121 and a second tooth segment. One end of the first key tooth segment 121 extends to the assembly end 14, and the axial length of the first key tooth segment 121 can be less than the axial length of the second key tooth segment 122. The processing of the limiting ring groove 15 is located after the processing of the spline teeth 12, which can improve the consistency of the overall radial expansion of the spline teeth 12 and improve the radial dimensional accuracy of the spline teeth 12. Step S22, after the processing of the limiting ring groove 15 is completed, a clearance ring groove can be processed on the assembly end 14 of the semi-finished shaft. The clearance ring groove penetrates the circumferential surface of the semi-finished shaft and the end face of the assembly end 14, so that the end face diameter of the assembly end 14 is less than the maximum diameter of the semi-finished shaft.

[0058] By machining the limiting ring groove 15 first and then machining the clearance ring groove, the phenomenon of material overflowing into the clearance ring groove during machining of the limiting ring groove 15 can be avoided, so that the clearance ring groove provides sufficient material overflow space for machining the guide inclined surface 13, thereby improving the tolerance of the clearance ring groove.

[0059] In step S40 , the limiting ring groove 15 is located outside the heat treatment range of the semi-finished shaft, which can avoid cracks in the limiting ring groove 15 and affect the strength of the spline shaft 10 .

[0060] In this embodiment, step S40 may include step S41 and step S42, which are described in detail as follows:

[0061] Step S41, after the guide bevel 13 is processed, the semi-finished shaft can be heat treated to increase the hardness and strength of the semi-finished product.

[0062] Step S42, after the heat treatment of the semi-finished shaft is completed, the size of the limit ring groove 15 is repaired and the burrs on the semi-finished shaft are cleaned until the semi-finished shaft is processed to form a spline shaft 10.

[0063] In this embodiment, step S42 may include: after the heat treatment of the semi-finished shaft is completed, turning can be used to remove the material overflowing from the limiting ring groove 15 to avoid radial dimensional error of the spline shaft 10, and burrs on the semi-finished shaft can be ground off until the semi-finished shaft is processed to form the spline shaft 10.

[0064] In this embodiment, step S30 may include: after the processing of the clearance ring groove is completed, two guide bevels 13 may be formed by rolling at the end of each spline tooth 12 near the clearance ring groove using a first rolling template. The two guide bevels 13 are distributed on two opposite sides of the spline tooth 12, and the tooth thickness of the spline tooth 12 at the position of the guide bevels 13 gradually decreases in the direction close to the clearance ring groove. The guide bevels 13 can further provide a guiding effect for the assembly of the spline shaft 10 and other parts, making it easier for the spline teeth 12 to match the corresponding spline grooves.

[0065] The first rolling template may include a first template body and a plurality of first rolling racks 20 fixed to the first template body. The length of the first rolling rack 20 is greater than the length of the first key tooth segment 121. Figure 4 As shown, the first rolled rack 20 may include a first rolled tooth segment 21 and a second rolled tooth segment 22 connected to each other, and the width of the first rolled tooth segment 21 gradually increases in the direction away from the second rolled tooth segment 22. When the spline shaft 10 is rolled using the first rolling template, the second rolled tooth segment 22 can play a positioning role, so that the first rolled rack 20 is accurately aligned in the spline tooth 12 groove, and the first rolled tooth segment 21 can roll out the guide bevel 13. The overflow protrusion 19 formed by the extrusion of the spline shaft 10 during the rolling process can be located in the yielding ring groove, so that no fine trimming is required after the processing is completed.

[0066] In this embodiment, step S40 may include step S41 and step S42, which are described in detail as follows:

[0067] Step S41, after the guide bevel 13 is machined, the semi-finished shaft may be heat treated.

[0068] Step S42, after the semi-finished shaft is heat treated, a limiting ring groove 15 can be processed on the semi-finished shaft. The limiting ring groove 15 is coaxial with the semi-finished shaft, and there is a spacing between the limiting ring groove 15 and the end face of the assembly end 14. The limiting ring groove 15 divides each spline tooth 12 into a first key tooth segment 121 and a second key tooth segment 122, and one end of the first key tooth segment 121 extends to the assembly end 14. The axial length of the first key tooth segment 121 can be smaller than the axial length of the second key tooth segment 122, so that the positioning ring groove only needs to accommodate the overflow protrusion 19 generated by machining the first key tooth segment 121, and a larger tolerance can be provided.

[0069] The processing position of the limiting ring groove 15 can be located within the heat treatment range of the semi-finished shaft, so that the hardness requirement of the limiting ring groove 15 can be met.

[0070] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the machining surface formed by the clearance ring groove at the assembly end 14 can be a clearance circumferential surface 16 and a clearance plane 17. The clearance circumferential surface 16 is coaxial with the semi-finished shaft, and the diameter of the clearance circumferential surface 16 is equal to the end face diameter of the assembly end 14. The clearance plane 17 is perpendicular to the axis of the semi-finished shaft, the clearance plane 17 is annular, and the inner ring of the clearance plane 17 is connected with the clearance circumferential surface 16. Therefore, the accommodation volume of the clearance ring groove can be larger.

[0071] In another embodiment, the ratio of the difference between the inner radius and the outer radius of the clearance ring groove to the axial depth of the clearance ring groove is between 0.2 and 0.25. A guide protrusion extends from one end of the first rolled tooth segment 21, and the guide protrusion is located in the clearance ring groove and has a spacing with the clearance plane 17. Therefore, the overflow protrusion 19 generated in the axial direction during processing can be distributed radially along the clearance plane 17 under the guidance of the guide protrusion, so that the overflow protrusion 19 can extend radially along the clearance ring groove, thereby avoiding the excessive axial depth of the clearance ring groove causing the overall axial size of the spline shaft 10 to affect assembly.

[0072] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the machining surface formed by the clearance ring groove at the assembly end 14 can be a truncated cone surface 18. The minimum diameter of the truncated cone surface 18 is equal to the end surface diameter of the assembly end 14, and the maximum diameter of the truncated cone surface 18 is equal to the maximum diameter of the semi-finished shaft. Therefore, the machining of the clearance ring groove can be relatively simple, and the structure is relatively stable and not easy to fail.

[0073] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned embodiments are specific examples for implementing the present disclosure, and in actual applications, various changes may be made thereto in form and detail without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A spline shaft processing method, characterized in that: The spline shaft processing method comprises: Step S10, based on the completion of the positioning of the semi-finished shaft, rolling a plurality of spline teeth on the semi-finished shaft; the length direction of the spline teeth is parallel to the axial direction of the semi-finished shaft; the plurality of spline teeth are distributed around the axis of the semi-finished shaft; Step S20, based on the completion of the spline tooth processing, a clearance ring groove is processed on the assembly end of the semi-finished shaft; the clearance ring groove is coaxial with the semi-finished shaft; the clearance ring groove penetrates the circumferential surface of the semi-finished shaft and the end face of the assembly end; the end face diameter of the assembly end is smaller than the maximum diameter of the semi-finished shaft; Step S30, based on the completion of the processing of the clearance ring groove, two guiding inclined surfaces are rolled at the end of each spline tooth close to the clearance ring groove; the two guiding inclined surfaces are distributed on two opposite sides of the spline tooth; the tooth thickness of the spline tooth at the position of the guiding inclined surfaces gradually decreases in the direction close to the clearance ring groove; Step S40: based on the guide bevel machining being completed, heat treatment is performed on the semi-finished shaft.

2. A spline shaft processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S10 comprises: Step S11, based on the completion of the positioning of the semi-finished shaft, a limiting ring groove is processed on the semi-finished shaft; the limiting ring groove is coaxial with the semi-finished shaft; and there is a spacing between the limiting ring groove and the end face of the assembly end; Step S12, based on the completion of the machining of the limiting ring groove, rolling a plurality of spline teeth on the semi-finished shaft; the length direction of the spline teeth is parallel to the axial direction of the semi-finished shaft; the plurality of spline teeth are distributed around the axis of the semi-finished shaft; the limiting ring groove divides each of the spline teeth into a first key tooth segment and a second tooth segment; one end of the first key tooth segment extends to the assembly end; In the step S40, the limiting ring groove is located outside the heat treatment range of the semi-finished shaft.

3. A spline shaft processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S20 comprises: based on the completion of the processing of the spline teeth, processing a clearance ring groove on the assembly end of the semi-finished shaft, and processing a limiting ring groove on the semi-finished shaft; the clearance ring groove penetrates the circumferential surface of the semi-finished shaft and the end face of the assembly end; the end face diameter of the assembly end is smaller than the maximum diameter of the semi-finished shaft; the limiting ring groove is coaxial with the semi-finished shaft; the limiting ring groove and the end face of the assembly end have a spacing; the limiting ring groove divides each of the spline teeth into a first key tooth segment and a second tooth segment; one end of the first key tooth segment extends to the assembly end; In the step S40, the limiting ring groove is located outside the heat treatment range of the semi-finished shaft.

4. A spline shaft processing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step S20 comprises: Step S21, based on the completion of the processing of the spline teeth, processing a limiting ring groove on the semi-finished shaft; the limiting ring groove is coaxial with the semi-finished shaft; there is a spacing between the limiting ring groove and the end face of the assembly end; the limiting ring groove divides each of the spline teeth into a first key tooth segment and a second tooth segment; one end of the first key tooth segment extends to the assembly end; Step S22, based on the completion of the machining of the limiting ring groove, machining a clearance ring groove on the assembly end of the semi-finished shaft; the clearance ring groove penetrates the circumferential surface of the semi-finished shaft and the end face of the assembly end; the end face diameter of the assembly end is smaller than the maximum diameter of the semi-finished shaft; In the step S40, the limiting ring groove is located outside the heat treatment range of the semi-finished shaft.

5. A spline shaft processing method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The step S40 comprises: Step S41, based on the guide bevel machining being completed, heat treatment is performed on the semi-finished shaft; Step S42, based on the completion of the heat treatment of the semi-finished shaft, repair the size of the limit ring groove and clean the burrs on the semi-finished shaft until the semi-finished shaft is processed to form a spline shaft.

6. A spline shaft processing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step S42 includes: based on the completion of the heat treatment of the semi-finished shaft, turning the overflowed material inside the limiting ring groove, and grinding the burrs on the semi-finished shaft, until the semi-finished shaft is processed to form a spline shaft.

7. A spline shaft processing method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The step S30 comprises: based on the completion of the processing of the clearance ring groove, using a first rolling template to roll and form two guiding inclined surfaces at the end of each spline tooth close to the clearance ring groove; the two guiding inclined surfaces are distributed on two opposite sides of the spline tooth; the tooth thickness of the spline tooth at the position of the guiding inclined surfaces gradually decreases in the direction close to the clearance ring groove; The first rolling template includes a first template body and a plurality of first rolled racks fixed on the first template body; the length of the first rolled rack is greater than the length of the first key tooth segment; the first rolled rack includes a connected first rolled tooth segment and a second rolled tooth segment; the width of the first rolled tooth segment gradually increases in a direction away from the second rolled tooth segment.

8. A spline shaft processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S40 comprises: Step S41, based on the guide bevel machining being completed, heat treatment is performed on the semi-finished shaft; Step S42, based on the completion of the heat treatment of the semi-finished shaft, a limiting ring groove is processed on the semi-finished shaft; the limiting ring groove is coaxial with the semi-finished shaft; the limiting ring groove and the end face of the assembly end have a spacing; the limiting ring groove divides each of the spline teeth into a first key tooth segment and a second key tooth segment; one end of the first key tooth segment extends to the assembly end; the processing position of the limiting ring groove is within the heat treatment range of the semi-finished shaft.

9. A spline shaft processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machining surfaces formed by the clearance ring groove at the assembly end are a clearance circular surface and a clearance plane; the clearance circular surface is coaxial with the semi-finished shaft; the diameter of the clearance circular surface is equal to the end face diameter of the assembly end; the clearance plane is perpendicular to the axis of the semi-finished shaft; the clearance plane is annular; the inner ring of the clearance plane is connected with the clearance circular surface.

10. A spline shaft processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machining surface formed by the clearance ring groove at the assembly end is a truncated cone surface; the minimum diameter of the truncated cone surface is equal to the end face diameter of the assembly end; the maximum diameter of the truncated cone surface is equal to the maximum diameter of the semi-finished shaft.

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