High-performance polyester staple fiber and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application provides high-performance polyester staple fiber and a preparation method thereof, relates to the technical field of new textile materials, and can reduce the main back pressure of a crimping machine by 1kg, reduce the abrasion of the roller surface of the crimping machine, prolong the service life of the crimping machine, reduce the draft tension coefficient, reduce the operation load of the primary draft machine, reduce the power of the equipment, save the power consumption cost, reduce the fan opening of the relaxation heat setting machine, save the power consumption cost, reduce the friction damage of the yarn, significantly reduce the peak silk compared with other products, and significantly reduce the short fibers and dust in the production workshop compared with other products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new textile materials technology, specifically a high-performance polyester staple fiber and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Polyester staple fiber is an important textile raw material with advantages such as high strength, good abrasion resistance, and strong chemical corrosion resistance. It has been widely used in clothing, home textiles, industrial fabrics and other fields. However, at present, the production process of polyester staple fiber still has problems such as serious wear and tear on equipment, high production costs, and damage to the fiber bundle. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-performance polyester staple fiber and its preparation method, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the high-performance polyester staple fiber and its preparation method include the following steps:

[0005] (1) The 5.1dtex raw yarn with 8.49 million dtex nascent fibers is impregnated with an oil agent with a concentration of 0.28% to ensure that the yarn bundle is fully impregnated and oiled;

[0006] (2) Add a preheating system in front of the water bath, preheat the fiber bundle with 72℃ oil, and stretch the preheated fiber in the 72℃ water bath.

[0007] (3) The filament bundle is stretched twice by 10KG of steam at about 200℃;

[0008] (4) The stretched fibers are subjected to tension heat setting at a temperature of 210°C for 2 minutes.

[0009] (5) After the tension heat setting, the filament bundle is sprayed with oil by atomization. The oil concentration is 1.3%. The bundle is cooled down and an oil film layer of a certain thickness is formed and evenly attached to the surface of the filament bundle.

[0010] (6) The heat-set fibers are impregnated a second time, and then curled, relaxed, heat-set, and dried by a crimping machine;

[0011] (7) Humidify the relaxed heat-set and dried fibers using an air humidification system;

[0012] (8) Cut the humidified fiber to obtain high-performance polyester staple fiber.

[0013] Preferably, the oil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: potassium salt dispersant / ether binder = 3 / 1, wherein the components of the potassium salt dispersant are as follows: 40% fatty alcohol phosphate potassium salt, 60% water, and the components of the ether binder are as follows: 55% fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, 40% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 5% water.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] 1. It can reduce the main back pressure of the crimping machine by 1kg, reduce the wear of the crimping machine roller surface, and extend the service life of the crimping machine;

[0016] 2. Reducing the stretching tension coefficient reduces the operating load of the primary stretching machine and lowers the power consumption of the equipment, saving electricity costs;

[0017] 3. Reduce the fan opening of the relaxation heat setting machine to save on electricity costs;

[0018] 4. The filament bundles are less susceptible to frictional damage, the number of sharp filaments is significantly reduced compared to other products, and the amount of short fibers and dust in the production workshop is significantly lower than that of other products. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below.

[0020] Example 1:

[0021] A high-performance polyester staple fiber and its preparation method, comprising the following steps:

[0022] (1) The 5.1dtex raw yarn with 8.49 million dtex nascent fibers is impregnated with an oil agent with a concentration of 0.28% to ensure that the yarn bundle is fully impregnated and oiled;

[0023] (2) Add a preheating system in front of the water bath, preheat the fiber bundle with 72℃ oil, and stretch the preheated fiber in the 72℃ water bath.

[0024] (3) The filament bundle is stretched twice by 10KG of steam at about 200℃;

[0025] (4) The stretched fibers are subjected to tension heat setting at a temperature of 210°C for 2 minutes.

[0026] (5) After the tension heat setting, the filament bundle is sprayed with oil by atomization. The oil concentration is 1.30%. The bundle is cooled down and an oil film layer of a certain thickness is formed and evenly attached to the surface of the filament bundle.

[0027] (6) The heat-set fibers are impregnated a second time, and then curled, relaxed, heat-set, and dried by a crimping machine;

[0028] (7) Humidify the relaxed heat-set and dried fibers using an air humidification system;

[0029] (8) Cut the humidified fiber to obtain high-performance polyester staple fiber.

[0030] The oil preparation comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: potassium salt dispersant / ether binder = 3 / 1, wherein the components of the potassium salt dispersant are as follows: 40% fatty alcohol phosphate potassium salt and 60% water. The fatty alcohol phosphate potassium salt and water are mixed evenly before use. The components of the ether binder are as follows: 55% fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, 40% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 5% water. The fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and water are mixed evenly before use.

[0031] Example 2:

[0032] A high-performance polyester staple fiber and its preparation method, comprising the following steps:

[0033] (1) The 5.1dtex raw yarn with 7.64 million dtex nascent fibers is impregnated with an oil agent with a concentration of 0.26% to ensure that the yarn bundle is fully impregnated and oiled;

[0034] (2) Add a preheating system in front of the water bath, preheat the fiber bundle with 68℃ oil, and stretch the preheated fiber in the 68℃ water bath.

[0035] (3) The filament bundle is stretched twice by 10KG of steam at about 180℃;

[0036] (4) The stretched fibers are subjected to tension heat setting at 190°C for 2 minutes.

[0037] (5) After the tension heat setting, the filament bundle is sprayed with oil by atomization. The oil concentration is 1.20%. The bundle is cooled down and a certain thickness of oil film layer is formed and evenly attached to the surface of the filament bundle.

[0038] (6) The heat-set fibers are impregnated a second time, and then curled, relaxed, heat-set, and dried by a crimping machine;

[0039] (7) Humidify the relaxed heat-set and dried fibers using an air humidification system;

[0040] (8) Cut the humidified fiber to obtain high-performance polyester staple fiber.

[0041] The oil preparation comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: potassium salt dispersant / ether binder = 4 / 1, wherein the components of the potassium salt dispersant are as follows: 30% fatty alcohol phosphate potassium salt and 70% water. The fatty alcohol phosphate potassium salt and water are mixed evenly before use. The components of the ether binder are as follows: 45% fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, 45% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 10% water. The fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and water are mixed evenly before use.

[0042] Example 3:

[0043] A high-performance polyester staple fiber and its preparation method, comprising the following steps:

[0044] (1) The 5.1dtex raw yarn with 8.06 million dtex nascent fibers is impregnated with an oil agent with a concentration of 0.27% to ensure that the yarn bundle is fully impregnated and oiled;

[0045] (2) Add a preheating system in front of the water bath, preheat the fiber bundle with 70℃ oil, and stretch the preheated fiber in the 70℃ water bath.

[0046] (3) The filament bundle is stretched twice by 10KG of steam at about 190℃;

[0047] (4) The stretched fibers are subjected to tension heat setting at 195°C for 2 minutes.

[0048] (5) After the tension heat setting, the filament bundle is sprayed with oil by atomization. The oil concentration is 1.25%. The bundle is cooled down and an oil film layer of a certain thickness is formed and evenly attached to the surface of the filament bundle.

[0049] (6) The heat-set fibers are impregnated a second time, and then curled, relaxed, heat-set, and dried by a crimping machine;

[0050] (7) Humidify the relaxed heat-set and dried fibers using an air humidification system;

[0051] (8) Cut the humidified fiber to obtain high-performance polyester staple fiber.

[0052] The oil preparation comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: potassium salt dispersant / ether binder = 2 / 1, wherein the components of the potassium salt dispersant are as follows: 35% fatty alcohol phosphate potassium salt and 65% water. The fatty alcohol phosphate potassium salt and water are mixed evenly before use. The components of the ether binder are as follows: 50% fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, 40% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 10% water. The fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and water are mixed evenly before use.

[0053] Example 4:

[0054] A high-performance polyester staple fiber and its preparation method, comprising the following steps:

[0055] (1) The 5.1dtex raw yarn with 8.91 million dtex nascent fibers is impregnated with an oil agent with a concentration of 0.30% to ensure that the yarn bundle is fully impregnated and oiled;

[0056] (2) Add a preheating system in front of the water bath, preheat the fiber bundle with 73℃ oil, and stretch the preheated fiber in the 73℃ water bath.

[0057] (3) The filament bundle is stretched twice by 10KG of steam at about 220℃;

[0058] (4) The stretched fibers are subjected to tension heat setting at a temperature of 200°C for 2 minutes.

[0059] (5) After the tension heat setting, the filament bundle is sprayed with oil by atomization. The oil concentration is 1.40%. The bundle is cooled down and an oil film layer of a certain thickness is formed and evenly attached to the surface of the filament bundle.

[0060] (6) The heat-set fibers are impregnated a second time, and then curled, relaxed, heat-set, and dried by a crimping machine;

[0061] (7) Humidify the relaxed heat-set and dried fibers using an air humidification system;

[0062] (8) Cut the humidified fiber to obtain high-performance polyester staple fiber.

[0063] The oil preparation comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: potassium salt dispersant / ether binder = 3 / 2, wherein the components of the potassium salt dispersant are as follows: 45% fatty alcohol phosphate potassium salt and 55% water. The fatty alcohol phosphate potassium salt and water are mixed evenly before use. The components of the ether binder are as follows: 60% fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, 35% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 5% water. The fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and water are mixed evenly before use.

[0064] The preparation of short fibers requires equipment such as a crimping machine, a primary drafting machine, and a relaxation heat setting machine. Simultaneously, it is necessary to monitor and record the main back pressure of the crimping machine, the drafting tension coefficient of the primary drafting machine, the operating power of the primary drafting machine, the fan opening of the relaxation heat setting machine, workshop short fiber observation, and moisture regain. Furthermore, the moisture regain is compared with that of commercially available cotton-type products. The relevant experimental data results are shown below:

[0065] Main back pressure reduction 1KG 0.4KG 0.8KG 1.5KG 0 Tensile tension coefficient 0.940 0.995 0.970 0.968 0.990 Stretching machine power 3.5KW 3.9KW 3.7KW 4.2KW 4KW Fan opening 37％ 42％ 40％ 50％ 43％ Workshop short-fiber observation 0.1025g / day 0.4139g / day 0.3516g / day 0.2937g / day 0.3652g / day Rebound 0.50％-0.60％ 0.48％-0.53％ 0.40％-0.45％ 0.38％-0.42％ 0.40％-0.47％

[0066] The only difference between the baseline example and Example 1 is the oil; all other production steps and conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0067] As can be seen from the table above, Example 1 has the best overall effect. Compared with the baseline example, Example 1 reduces the main back pressure of the coiling machine by 1 kg, thereby reducing wear on the coiling machine rollers and extending its service life. Simultaneously, it reduces the drafting tension coefficient from 0.990 to 0.940, lowering the operating load of the primary drafting machine and reducing its power consumption from 4 kW to 3.5 kW, saving on electricity costs. Furthermore, the fan opening of the relaxation heat setting machine is adjusted from 43% to 3%. It reduces electricity costs by 7%; at the same time, the filaments are less susceptible to frictional damage, the number of sharp filaments is significantly reduced compared to other products, and the amount of short fibers and dust in the production workshop is significantly reduced compared to other products, decreasing from 0.3652g / day to 0.1025g / day in daily workshop observations; under the same oiling conditions, this oiling agent can achieve a high moisture regain of 0.50%-0.60%, while other high-strength cotton-type oiling agents can only meet the production requirements of downstream customers when they reach the range of 0.40%-0.47%, thus saving 7-9 yuan / ton in production costs.

[0068] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A method for preparing high-performance polyester staple fiber, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) The 5.1dtex raw yarn with 8.49 million dtex nascent fibers is impregnated with an oil agent with a concentration of 0.28% to ensure that the yarn bundle is fully impregnated and oiled; (2) Add a preheating system before the water bath, preheat the fiber bundle with 72℃ oil, and stretch the preheated fiber in the 72℃ water bath. (3) The filament bundle is stretched twice by 10KG of steam at about 200℃; (4) The stretched fibers are subjected to tension heat setting at a temperature of 210°C for 2 minutes. (5) After the tension heat setting, the filament bundle is sprayed with oil by atomization. The oil concentration is 1.3%. It is then cooled down and a certain thickness of oil film layer is formed and evenly attached to the surface of the filament bundle. (6) The heat-set fibers are impregnated a second time, and then curled, relaxed, heat-set, and dried using a crimping machine; (7) Humidify the relaxed heat-set and dried fibers using an air humidification system; (8) Cut the humidified fiber to obtain high-performance polyester staple fiber.

2. The method for preparing high-performance polyester staple fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: potassium salt dispersant / ether coagulant = 3 / 1, wherein the components of the potassium salt dispersant are as follows: 40% potassium salt of fatty alcohol phosphate and 60% water, and the components of the ether coagulant are as follows: 55% fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, 40% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 5% water.