Rotary swaging method for ring forge piece and flange ring forge piece

Abstract

The invention relates to a rotary swaging method for a ring forging and a flange ring forging, which comprises the following steps of: arranging a lower die on a lower anvil, arranging a cushion block in the lower die, arranging the cushion block at the bottom of the lower die, arranging a positioning groove on the cushion block, arranging a core die on the cushion block, and arranging a boss at the bottom of the core die; the bottom surface of the upper die is conical, and a space defined by the upper die, the core die and the lower die is a rolling space; the ring piece and the mold are heated, and the ring piece is placed in the rolling space; the axial closed rolling forming device is started, the vertex of the bottom face of the upper die is located in the center of the core die, the bottom face of the upper die is attached to the core die and the ring piece, the upper die rotates and ascends and descends relative to the lower die, after forming is finished, the cushion block, the core die and the final forge piece are ejected out of the lower die through an ejection device arranged in the lower anvil, and therefore the forge piece is obtained. According to the rotary swaging method, the production process can be simplified, the number of dies can be reduced, energy consumption can be reduced, and the quality of forgings can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mechanical manufacturing, in particular to a ring forging and a rotary forging method of a flange ring forging. Background Art

[0002] In the field of precision manufacturing in the aviation industry, conical ring forgings with flanges have become indispensable key components due to their unique structural characteristics and excellent mechanical properties. Such forgings not only bear the key connection and support functions in the aircraft structure, but also need to meet extremely high safety standards and lightweight requirements. However, their complex geometry, including the transition area between the conical body and the flange edge, poses great challenges to the forging process.

[0003] Traditionally, in order to cope with the forging needs of such complex shapes, manufacturers generally use closed diaphragm forging technology. This technology uses a precisely designed die system to efficiently gather materials at one end of the rectangular ring, and then uses special-shaped ring rolling or multiple diaphragm operations to gradually bend and press flanges to achieve precise forming of the forging. However, this process is not only complex, involving multiple heating (i.e. "multiple fires") and die changes, but also significantly increases production costs and cycles. At the same time, the customized development of each set of dies further increases the overall manufacturing cost and increases the difficulty of die maintenance.

[0004] It is particularly noteworthy that closed die forging is usually carried out on large hydraulic presses. Although such equipment has strong forming capabilities, it consumes extremely high energy, which is contrary to the current global concept of energy conservation, emission reduction and green manufacturing. In the context of energy shortages and increasingly important environmental protection, it is particularly important to explore more efficient and energy-saving forging methods.

[0005] As an innovative metal forming process, axial closed rolling forming technology has shown significant labor-saving effects and good material formability due to its unique forming mechanism combining axial rolling and pressing. This technology has achieved remarkable results in the manufacture of disc parts and disc-shaft integrated components, which not only improves production efficiency, but also significantly reduces energy consumption and production costs. However, in the manufacturing field of ring forgings, especially conical ring forgings with flanges, the application of axial closed rolling forming technology is still blank, which is both a technical challenge and an important opportunity to promote technological progress and green transformation in the aviation manufacturing industry.

[0006] Therefore, the development of an axial closed rolling forming technology suitable for flanged conical ring forgings can not only simplify the production process, reduce the number of molds, and reduce energy consumption, but also improve the quality of forgings and meet the urgent needs of the aviation field for high-performance and lightweight components. It has important practical significance and application prospects. Summary of the invention

[0007] In the prior art, multiple sets of forging dies need to be designed during the production of flange conical ring forgings, and the rolling process needs to be carried out on a hydraulic press with a large tonnage. The equipment consumes a lot of energy, which is not conducive to energy conservation and emission reduction. The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above shortcomings and provide a method for rotary forging of ring forgings and flange ring forgings. An axial closed rolling forming device is used to achieve precise forging of ring forgings. This innovation greatly reduces energy consumption and greatly shortens the production cycle. At the same time, by optimizing the process design, the present invention effectively reduces the number of required dies, and then, under the joint action of many aspects, a significant reduction in production costs is achieved.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A rotary forging method for a ring forging comprises the following steps: Die installation: a lower die is arranged on the lower anvil, a cushion block is arranged in the lower die, the cushion block is arranged at the bottom of the lower die, a positioning groove is arranged on the cushion block, the core die is arranged on the cushion block, a boss is arranged at the bottom of the core die, and the boss of the core die and the positioning groove of the cushion block are engaged with each other; a rolling space matching the forging is formed between the upper die, the core die, the cushion block and the lower die; Heat the ring to 450℃-1150℃, heat the mold to 100-400℃, and place the ring in the rolling space; Start the axial closed rolling forming device, the vertex of the bottom surface of the upper die is located at the center of the core die, the bottom surface of the upper die fits the core die and the ring, and the upper die moves toward the lower die to roll the ring. The upper die rotates at a speed of 60-120RPM, and the lower compression rate of the upper die is 1-6mm / s. After the forming is completed, the ejection device of the lower anvil ejects the pad, the core die and the forging out of the lower die to obtain the forging.

[0009] The mold is assembled according to the shape of the forging, wherein the mold includes an upper mold, a core mold, a lower mold and a cushion block. The outer diameter surface of the forging fits with the inner diameter surface of the lower mold cavity, and the inner diameter surface of the forging fits with the outer diameter surface of the core mold and the outer diameter surface of the upper mold. The upper and lower end faces of the final forging fit with the lower end face of the upper mold and the upper end face of the cushion block respectively. The cushion block is processed with a positioning groove, and a boss is machined at the bottom of the core mold, which can be clamped in the cushion block positioning groove for positioning. The lower mold is first installed on the lower anvil, and then the cushion block is placed in the lower mold, and then the core mold is placed on the cushion block, and then the ring is placed in the rolling space. The upper mold installed on the upper anvil is controlled by a hydraulic press to make a straight reciprocating movement up and down to form the ring into a forging. After the forming is completed, the cushion block, the core mold and the forging are ejected out of the lower mold by the ejection device in the lower anvil, so as to take out the forging.

[0010] Preferably, the rolling action between the upper anvil and the lower anvil is performed by a hydraulic press.

[0011] Preferably, the ring is made of titanium alloy, and the ring heating temperature is 940-960°C; the mold is heated to 150-300°C, the rotation speed of the upper mold is 60-70 RPM, and the pressing rate of the upper mold is 1-3 mm / s.

[0012] Preferably, the ring is made of steel, and the ring heating temperature is 1140-1160°C; the mold is heated to 300-400°C, the rotation speed of the upper mold is 110-120 RPM, and the pressing rate of the upper mold is 4-6 mm / s.

[0013] Preferably, the ring is made of aluminum alloy, and the ring heating temperature is 440-460°C; the mold is heated to 100-150°C, the rotation speed of the upper mold is 110-120 RPM, and the pressing rate of the upper mold is 4-6 mm / s.

[0014] Preferably, the method further comprises the steps of preparing the rings, heating the bar to 440°C-1160°C, upsetting and punching the bar, and then ring rolling the blank using a horizontal ring rolling machine at a rolling temperature of 900°C-1000°C to form rings of preset sizes.

[0015] Preferably, in the preparation of the ring, a horizontal ring rolling machine is used to perform ring rolling on the blank.

[0016] Preferably, in the preparation of the ring, a fast forging machine is used to punch holes in the bar.

[0017] A rotary forging method for a flange ring forging comprises any one of the forging methods mentioned above.

[0018] Preferably, during the preparation of the ring, the ring is heated to 440°C-1160°C, and a hole-expanding punch is used to partially expand the end of the ring.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention cleverly uses an axial closed rolling forming device to achieve precise forging of ring forgings. This innovation not only significantly reduces the demand for equipment power during the forging process, but also greatly reduces energy consumption and greatly shortens the production cycle. At the same time, by optimizing the process design, the present invention effectively reduces the number of required molds, and thus achieves a significant reduction in production costs under the combined effect of multiple aspects. The formed ring forgings were inspected, and the wall thickness of the formed workpiece was uniform and there were no cracking defects. In multiple test results, the mechanical properties of the workpiece met the requirements, and the grain size of the formed workpiece obtained by testing can meet the requirements, indicating that the forming method of the present invention has a high forming accuracy, can ensure the quality of the workpiece, and can meet the requirements of reliability and durability of the workpiece in various engineering applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mold installation structure in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the state of the mold during rolling in Example 1 of the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the process of Example 2 and Example 3 of the present invention.

[0023] Markings in the figure: 1- Upper anvil, 11-upper die, 12-lower die, 2- Lower anvil, 3- Rings, 4-hole expansion punch, 5- Pad, 51- positioning slot, 6- core mold, 61- boss, 7- Rolling space, 8-Forgings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to more clearly describe the invention purpose, technical scheme and technical effect advantages in the specific implementation case of the present invention, the scheme in the specific embodiment will be described in detail in combination with the drawings of the specification of the present invention. The specific technical scheme involved in the following specific embodiments is only for a clear and complete description of the innovative technical scheme of the present invention. It is only a part of the specific implementation scheme that can be adopted by the present invention, not all embodiments, and should not be understood as a limitation on the innovative scheme of the present invention. Any scheme adopting the same inventive concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] Secondly, the description of the drawings in the specific embodiments of the present invention is only for the convenience of technical personnel to understand the solution of the present invention. The partial details in the drawings are for the convenience of clearly presenting the technical solution. It should not be considered that all technical features in the drawings must be included in the specific implementation cases, and the detailed features in the drawings should not be identified as additional limitations on the innovative technical solution of the present invention. The components in the various embodiments described and shown in the drawings can be combined and arranged according to different configurations, and these changes in combination and arrangement should be identified as part of the entire embodiment of the innovative solution of the present invention and included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the terms indicating the orientation or position relationship, such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "center", "inside", "outside", etc., are all expressions based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship in which the invented product / equipment / device is placed when it is usually used. These terms of orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the scheme of the present invention or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, so that technicians can quickly understand the scheme, rather than indicating or implying that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific position relationship, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0027] In addition, the use of terms such as "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", etc. does not mean that the corresponding device / component / element is absolutely horizontal, vertical or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element is set in a specific direction such as "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±6%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±5%, and more preferably an error / deviation within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the scheme of the present invention.

[0028] In addition, the expressions “first”, “second”, “third”, etc. that appear in the terms are merely descriptions used to distinguish the same or similar components and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.

[0029] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "plurality" and "a number" represent at least 2. It can be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, etc., or even more than 9.

[0030] In addition, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / restricted, the terms "set", "install", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, and can be welding, riveting, bolting, threading and other commonly used connection means in the field. This connection can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two components.

[0031] For those skilled in the art, when understanding the solutions described in the specific embodiments of the present invention, they can refer to the conventional technical manuals in the field. At the same time, for the places where the above-mentioned terms appear, they can make appropriate understandings or adjustments for reference, and deduce the implementation of the same or similar technical solutions without paying any creative work.

[0032] Example 1 like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a rotary forging method for a ring forging, wherein the die includes an upper die 11, a core die 6, a lower die 12 and a cushion block 5, the upper die 11 is connected to the upper anvil 1, the lower die 12 is connected to the lower anvil 2, and the upper anvil 1 and the lower anvil 2 are respectively connected to the hydraulic press. The lower die 12 is first installed on the lower anvil 2, and then the cushion block 5 is placed in the lower die 12, and then the core die 6 is placed on the cushion block 5, the cushion block 5 is processed with a positioning groove 51, and the bottom of the core die 6 is provided with a boss 61, the boss 61 of the core die 6 and the positioning groove 51 of the cushion block 5 can be mutually engaged for positioning, the bottom surface of the upper die 11 is conical, the upper die 11 is inclined, and the space enclosed by the upper die 11, the core die 6 and the lower die 12 is a rolling space 7.

[0033] The titanium alloy ring 3 is heated to 950° C., the mold is heated to 300° C., and the ring 3 is placed in the rolling space 7 .

[0034] The hydraulic press is started, and the hydraulic press drives the axial closed rolling forming device to perform rolling, wherein the vertex of the bottom surface of the upper die 11 is located at the center of the core die 6, and the bottom surface of the upper die 11 is in contact with the core die 6 and the ring 3. The upper die 11 is rotated and descended for rolling, wherein the rotation speed is 60 RPM, and the lower compression rate of the upper die 11 is 2 mm / s. After the forming is completed, the ejection device in the lower anvil 2 ejects the cushion block 5, the core die 6 and the forging 8 out of the lower die 12, thereby obtaining the forging 8.

[0035] During rolling, the upper die 11 rotates along the apex of the conical bottom surface, and the upper die 11 rotates to roll the upper end surface of the ring 3. The outer diameter surface of the ring 3 fits with the inner diameter surface of the cavity of the lower die 12, and the inner diameter surface of the ring 3 fits with the outer diameter surface of the core die 6 and the outer diameter surface of the upper die 11. The upper and lower end surfaces of the ring 3 fit with the lower end surface of the upper die 11 and the upper end surface of the cushion block 5 respectively.

[0036] Example 2 like Figure 4 As shown, a forging method of a flange conical ring forging is to heat an aluminum alloy bar to 450°C, use a horizontal ring rolling machine to perform upsetting and punching on the bar for multiple times, so that a hole is opened in the middle of the bar to form an aluminum alloy ring 3, heat the aluminum alloy ring 3 to 450°C, use an expanding punch 4 to partially expand the end of the aluminum alloy ring 3, and the completed aluminum alloy ring 3 is a flange ring 3 with one end slightly larger and the other end slightly smaller.

[0037] The die is installed in the manner of Example 1, and the flange ring 3 is placed in the rolling space 7 with the small end downward.

[0038] The flange ring 3 is heated to 460° C., the mold is heated to 150° C., and the flange ring 3 is placed in the rolling space 7 .

[0039] The hydraulic press is started, and the hydraulic press drives the axial closed rolling forming device to perform rolling, wherein the vertex of the bottom surface of the upper die 11 is located at the center of the core die 6, and the bottom surface of the upper die 11 is in contact with the core die 6 and the flange ring 3. The upper die 11 is rotated and descended for rolling, wherein the rotation speed is 120 RPM, and the lower compression rate of the upper die 11 is 5 mm / s. After the forming is completed, the ejection device provided in the lower anvil 2 ejects the cushion block 5, the core die 6 and the flange tapered ring forging 8 out of the lower die 12, thereby obtaining the flange tapered ring forging 8.

[0040] Example 3 like Figure 4 As shown, a forging method of a flange tapered ring forging made of steel is shown, wherein the steel bar is heated to 1150°C, and a horizontal ring rolling machine is used to perform upsetting and punching on the bar for multiple times to make a hole in the middle of the bar to form a steel ring 3, and the steel ring 3 is heated to 1150°C, and an expanding punch 4 is used to partially expand the end of the steel ring 3. The completed steel ring 3 is a flange ring 3 with one end slightly larger and the other end slightly smaller.

[0041] The die is installed in the manner of Example 1, and the flange ring 3 is placed in the rolling space 7 with the small end downward.

[0042] The flange ring 3 is heated to 1150° C., the mold is heated to 400° C., and the flange ring 3 is placed in the rolling space 7 .

[0043] Start the hydraulic press, which drives the axial closed rolling forming device to perform rolling, wherein the vertex of the bottom surface of the upper die 11 is located at the center of the core die 6, and the bottom surface of the upper die 11 fits the core die 6 and the flange ring 3. The upper die 11 rotates and descends for rolling, wherein the rotation speed is 120 RPM, and the lower compression rate of the upper die 11 is 5 mm / s. After the forming is completed, the ejection device provided in the lower anvil 2 ejects the cushion block 5, the core die 6 and the flange conical ring forging 8 out of the lower die 12, thereby obtaining the flange conical ring forging 8 made of steel.

[0044] The formed ring forgings were inspected, and the wall thickness of the formed workpiece was uniform and there was no crack defect. In multiple test results, the mechanical properties of the workpiece met the requirements, and the grain size of the formed workpiece obtained by testing could meet the requirements, indicating that the forming method of the present invention has high forming accuracy, can ensure the quality of the workpiece, and can meet the requirements of reliability and durability of the workpiece in various engineering applications.

[0045] The above embodiments describe only the basic principles, main features and / or advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the invention content of the specification only describe the principles or specific cases of the present invention. Without departing from the essence of the innovative idea of ​​the present invention, the innovative scheme of the present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rotary forging of a ring forging, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Mould installation: a lower mould (12) is arranged on the lower anvil (2), a cushion block (5) is arranged in the lower mould (12), the cushion block (5) is arranged at the bottom of the lower mould (12), a positioning groove (51) is arranged on the cushion block (5), the core mould (6) is arranged on the cushion block (5), a boss (61) is arranged at the bottom of the core mould (6), the boss (61) of the core mould (6) and the positioning groove (51) of the cushion block (5) are engaged with each other; a rolling space (7) matching the forging is formed between the upper mould (11), the core mould (6), the cushion block (5) and the lower mould (12); The ring (3) is heated to 450° C. to 1150° C., the mold is heated to 100° C. to 400° C., and the ring (3) is placed in a rolling space (7); The axial closed rolling forming device is started, the vertex of the bottom surface of the upper die (11) is located at the center of the core die (6), the bottom surface of the upper die (11) is in contact with the core die (6) and the ring (3), and the upper die (11) moves toward the lower die (12) to roll the ring (3), wherein the upper die rotation speed is 60-120RPM, and the lower compression rate of the upper die (11) is 1-6mm / s. After the forming is completed, the ejection device of the lower anvil (2) ejects the cushion block (5), the core die (6) and the forging (8) out of the lower die (12), thereby obtaining the forging (8).

2. The rotary forging method of a ring forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rolling action between the upper anvil (1) and the lower anvil (2) is completed by using a hydraulic press.

3. The rotary forging method of a ring forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ring (3) is made of titanium alloy, and the heating temperature of the ring (3) is 940-960° C. The mold is heated to 150-300° C., the rotation speed of the upper mold (11) is 60-70 RPM, and the pressing rate of the upper mold (11) is 1-3 mm / s.

4. The rotary forging method of a ring forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ring (3) is made of steel, and the heating temperature of the ring (3) is 1140-1160° C. The mold is heated to 300-400° C., the rotation speed of the upper mold (11) is 110-120 RPM, and the pressing rate of the upper mold (11) is 4-6 mm / s.

5. The rotary forging method of a ring forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ring (3) is made of aluminum alloy, and the heating temperature of the ring (3) is 440-460° C. The mold is heated to 100-150° C., the rotation speed of the upper mold (11) is 110-120 RPM, and the pressing rate of the upper mold (11) is 4-6 mm / s.

6. The rotary forging method of any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method also includes the steps of preparing a ring, heating a bar material to 440°C-1160°C, upsetting and punching the bar material, and then ring rolling the blank using a horizontal ring rolling machine at a rolling temperature of 900°C-1000°C to form a ring (3) of a preset size.

7. The rotary forging method of a ring forging according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the preparation of the ring, a fast forging machine is used to punch holes in the bar.

8. The rotary forging method of a ring forging according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the preparation of the ring, a horizontal ring rolling machine is used to perform ring rolling on the blank.

9. A rotary forging method for a flange ring forging, characterized in that: The invention comprises any one of the forging methods described in claims 1 to 8.

10. A forging method for a flange tapered ring forging according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the preparation of the ring, the ring (3) is heated to 440°C-1160°C, and a hole-expanding punch (4) is used to partially expand the end of the ring (3).

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