A single ear threshing and cleaning device for sorghum

Abstract

The scheme discloses processing equipment field of gramineous crops and relates to a single ear of sorghum threshing and cleaning device, which comprises a conveying mechanism, a threshing mechanism and a cleaning mechanism, a plurality of fixing parts for fixing the single ear of sorghum stalk parts are arranged on the conveying mechanism, the threshing mechanism comprises two upper and lower aligned threshing plates, a plurality of threshing teeth are uniformly distributed on the opposite surfaces of the two threshing plates, guide plates are arranged at the two ends of the lower threshing plate, a plurality of leakage holes are also uniformly distributed on the lower threshing plate, the conveying mechanism, the guide plates and the lower threshing plate are arranged side by side, and the cleaning mechanism is arranged below the threshing mechanism and separates the grains and the straw fragments by blowing. The pulling effect between the threshing teeth and the sorghum ears can more accurately make the grains fall off, the grains are relatively clean, the grains after cleaning are relatively full, and therefore, it is easier to select sorghum seeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of processing equipment for gramineous crops, and specifically relates to a sorghum single-ear threshing and cleaning device. Background Technology

[0002] Sorghum is a cereal crop consisting of sorghum stalks and grains. Before planting sorghum, breeding is necessary to cultivate good varieties. The most important step in breeding is selecting sorghum seeds, which requires separating the grains from the sorghum stalks. The threshed grains are then sampled for breeding. Traditionally, this involves manually holding the sorghum stalks and repeatedly threshing the sorghum ears against the inner wall of a container. The grains fall off the stalks due to the impact. However, manual labor is inefficient and physically demanding, and the frequent arm and shoulder movements during the threshing process can easily cause shoulder pain. Therefore, designing a sorghum threshing device is the best solution to this problem. Using machinery to replace manual labor can improve efficiency and free up hands.

[0003] Currently, most common threshing equipment has a similar structure, and the principle is to thresh the grains by hammering. For example, the sorghum single-ear threshing device with announcement number CN205727139U uses a technical solution where the top of the shell has a feed inlet, below which is a threshing drum with hammers, below which is a separating cylinder, and between the threshing drum and the separating cylinder is a coarse screen. Inside the separating cylinder is a rotating shaft with spiral blades, and the bottom of the separating cylinder... The threshing drum is equipped with multiple discharge holes, and a discharge pipe is installed at the end of the separating drum. The central shaft and rotating shaft of the threshing drum are both connected to the motor via belts. This invention is widely used for threshing sorghum. Sorghum ears are placed into the feed inlet, where they are crushed by the hammers, resulting in threshing. The threshed grains and impurities pass through a coarse screen into the separating drum. After entering the separating drum, the grains fall through the discharge holes, while the impurities are ejected through the discharge pipe by the spiral blades, thus separating the impurities from the grains. However, during the hammering of the sorghum ears, the stalks are also broken to varying degrees. Smaller stalk fragments are difficult to separate from the grains, resulting in a significant amount of stalk debris remaining in the grains. This increases the need for subsequent separation steps and hinders work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a sorghum single-ear threshing and cleaning device that improves threshing efficiency, in order to solve the problem that the grains processed by the existing sorghum single-ear threshing devices contain a lot of straw fragments.

[0005] This invention discloses a sorghum single-ear threshing and cleaning device, comprising a conveying mechanism, a threshing mechanism, and a cleaning mechanism. The conveying mechanism is equipped with multiple fixing parts for fixing the stalk portion of the sorghum single ear. The threshing mechanism includes two threshing plates aligned vertically, with a plurality of threshing teeth evenly distributed on the surfaces of the opposite sides of the two threshing plates. Guide plates are provided at both ends of the lower threshing plate, and the lower threshing plate is also evenly distributed with a plurality of perforations. The conveying mechanism, guide plates, and lower threshing plate are arranged side by side. The cleaning mechanism is located below the threshing mechanism and uses air blowing to separate the grains and straw fragments.

[0006] The working principle of this scheme is as follows: the sorghum ears enter between two threshing plates. As the sorghum ears move from one end of the threshing plate to the other, the grains on the sorghum ears are pulled by several threshing teeth and fall off the sorghum stalks, falling down through the holes.

[0007] Plump grains are heavier than straw fragments and empty husks. Taking advantage of this property, the straw fragments and empty husks mixed in with the grains that fall through are blown away by wind, while the grains fall down and are collected when gravity is greater than wind force.

[0008] Sorghum stalks are fixed to the running chain by a fixing part, while sorghum ears are laid flat on the guide plate corresponding to the starting position of the conveying direction. As the chain rotates in the cyclic direction, the fixing part moves accordingly, dragging the single sorghum ear into the space between the two threshing plates.

[0009] The beneficial technical effects of this solution are:

[0010] 1. This method utilizes the pulling action between the threshing teeth and the sorghum ears to more accurately remove the grains without causing severe crushing of the sorghum stalks. Most of what is pulled off consists of a small amount of grain stems or small stalk fragments, so the removed grains are relatively clean.

[0011] 2. A small amount of grain stems, small straw fragments, and empty husks are blown away by the wind, achieving efficient separation from the grains. The grains collected in the end are cleaner, and all the collected grains are plump and usable.

[0012] 3. Since the grains collected after cleaning are relatively plump, it is easier to select sorghum seeds.

[0013] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes two sprockets and a chain fitted on the two sprockets, one of which is connected to a motor, and a fixing part is connected to the chain.

[0014] The most common conveying mechanism is the conveyor belt, but this application chooses a chain instead. The chain allows for easy welding or bolting of the fixing parts, preventing chain damage and ensuring a more secure connection. If a conveyor belt is used, the fixing parts need to be glued to it. When tension is generated between the threshing teeth and the sorghum ears, this force frequently acts on the bonding point between the fixing parts and the conveyor belt, easily causing the bond to detach, increasing downtime for maintenance, and hindering work efficiency.

[0015] Furthermore, the fixing part includes a mounting plate and a spring plate. The mounting plate is connected to the chain, and one end of the spring plate in the conveying direction is rotatably connected to the mounting plate. A spring is provided at the rotatable connection to lift the spring plate. The other end of the spring plate is connected to a buckle that moves laterally. A card is connected to the mounting plate, and the card has a card hole for the buckle to engage.

[0016] After the spring is launched, the stalk of a single sorghum ear is placed on the mounting plate by hand, and then the spring is pressed down. When the clip on the spring passes the card, it shifts inward laterally, and when it continues to pass the card hole, it shifts outward and the clip is engaged in the card hole, thus quickly and stably fixing the sorghum ear in place.

[0017] Furthermore, the card is parallel to the conveying direction, the card hole on the card is perpendicular to the conveying direction, and the buckle is set on the side of the spring piece parallel to the conveying direction; a pressing block is provided at the feeding end in the conveying direction, and the top of the pressing block is located directly above the chain. When the spring piece passes the pressing block, the buckle on the spring piece is pressed into the card hole; a squeezing block is provided at the discharge end in the conveying direction, and the squeezing block is located on the side of the chain away from the guide plate. When the fixing part passes the squeezing block, the squeezing block squeezes the buckle, and after the buckle exits from the card hole, the spring piece is lifted up.

[0018] Implementing this solution eliminates the need for manual pressing of the spring clips to secure the sorghum stalks, as well as manual removal of the clips from their holes, thus increasing the automation level of the device. When the threshed sorghum stalks emerge from between the two threshing plates, the fixing part passes the compression block, which compresses the clips. The clips then retract from their holes, and the spring clips spring up. Upon reaching the feeding area, the spring clips remain open under the support of the springs, allowing workers to easily place the sorghum stalks onto the mounting plate. As the spring clips pass the lower pressing block, they are passively pressed down, forcing the clips into their holes.

[0019] Furthermore, the cleaning mechanism includes a blower, a collection frame for holding grains, and a collection box for holding straw fragments. The collection frame is located directly below the threshing plate and between the blower and the collection box. The collection box is located on the opposite side of the blower. A communication port is provided between the collection box and the collection frame, and the communication port is located directly opposite the blower.

[0020] The separated grain stalks, smaller straw fragments, and empty shells are collected in a concentrated manner, reducing the frequency of cleaning around the equipment later and also helping to maintain a comfortable production environment during the production process.

[0021] Furthermore, the threshing teeth on the two threshing plates are staggered, which is more conducive to completely removing the grains from the straw.

[0022] Furthermore, the lower threshing plate is set horizontally, while the upper threshing plate is set at an angle. The distance between the two threshing plates gradually decreases from the direction the sorghum ear enters the threshing plate towards the direction it exits. As the sorghum ear moves forward, more and more grains fall off, and the thickness of the sorghum ear becomes thinner. Grains located in the middle of the sorghum ear are more likely to fall off when passing between the narrower threshing plates.

[0023] Furthermore, a vibrator is connected to the bottom of the lower threshing plate, and the lower threshing plate is connected to the frame via a vibration spring, with its reciprocating direction being the same as the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism. The lower threshing plate vibrates back and forth with small amplitude, promoting the falling kernels, kernel stalks, small straw fragments, and empty husks to fall through the holes, promptly clearing the space between the two threshing plates, which is beneficial for threshing the next bunch of sorghum ears. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a front view of a sorghum single-ear threshing and cleaning device of the present invention, with the collection box and guide plate concealed.

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Left view after adding the collection box;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point D in the middle. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0031] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: frame 1, chain 2, sprocket 3, connecting shaft 4, collection frame 5, fan 6, lower pressing block 7, threshing teeth 8, upper threshing plate 9, lower threshing plate 10, leakage hole 101, vibration spring 11, air inlet 12, fixing part 13, locking hole 131, card 132, buckle 133, mounting plate 134, spring 135, spring 136, air outlet pipe 14, extrusion block 15, extrusion protrusion 151, and collection box 16.

[0032] Example 1 is basically as shown in the appendix. Figures 1 to 6 As shown: A sorghum single-ear threshing and cleaning device includes a frame 1, a conveying mechanism, a threshing mechanism, and a cleaning mechanism. The conveying mechanism and the threshing mechanism are installed side by side on the frame 1, and the cleaning mechanism is located below the threshing mechanism. A side plate is provided on the side of the frame 1.

[0033] The conveying mechanism includes two sprockets 3 and a chain 2 fitted onto the two sprockets 3. One of the sprockets 3 is connected to a motor, which is mounted on a side plate. The two sprockets 3 are rotatably connected to the side plate via a connecting shaft 4. Multiple fixing parts 13 are spaced apart along the length of the chain 2. Each fixing part 13 includes a mounting plate 134 and a spring 135. The mounting plate 134 is welded or screwed onto the chain 2. One end of the spring 135 in the conveying direction is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 134, and a spring 136 is provided at the rotatable connection point to spring up the spring 135. The other end of the spring 135 is connected to a laterally springing buckle 133, located on the side of the spring 135 away from the threshing plate. A card 132 is connected to the mounting plate 134, parallel to the conveying direction, and has a locking hole 131 for the buckle 133 to engage. The feed end is provided with a "7"-shaped lower pressure block 7. The lower end of the lower pressure block 7 is connected to the frame 1, and the upper end of the lower pressure block 7 is located directly above the chain 2. When the spring piece 135 passes the lower pressure block 7, the buckle 133 on the spring piece 135 is pressed into the buckle hole 131. The discharge end in the conveying direction is provided with a pressing block 15. The pressing block 15 is provided with a pressing protrusion 151. The pressing block 15 is located on the side of the chain 2 away from the guide plate. When the fixing part 13 passes the pressing block 15, the pressing protrusion 151 presses the buckle 133. After the buckle 133 exits from the buckle hole 131, the spring piece 135 is lifted.

[0034] The threshing mechanism includes two threshing plates positioned vertically, namely an upper threshing plate 9 and a lower threshing plate 10. A plurality of threshing teeth 8 are evenly distributed on the opposite surfaces of the two threshing plates, and the threshing teeth 8 on the two threshing plates are staggered. The lower threshing plate 10 is horizontally positioned, while the upper threshing plate 9 is inclined downwards along the conveying direction. Therefore, the distance between the upper threshing plate 9 and the lower threshing plate 10 gradually decreases from the direction of travel of the conveying mechanism, with the end with the larger distance being the feed end and the end with the smaller distance being the discharge end. A vibrator is connected to the bottom of the lower threshing plate 10, and the lower threshing plate 10 is connected to the frame 1 via a vibration spring 11, with the reciprocating direction being the same as the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism.

[0035] The lower threshing plate 10 has guide plates parallel to the ground at both ends (the guide plates are omitted in the figure to make the chain structure clearer). The guide plates are connected to the frame and have smooth surfaces. The upper surface of the left guide plate is slightly higher than the upper surface of the lower threshing plate 10, and the upper surface of the right guide plate is slightly lower than the upper surface of the lower threshing plate 10. The lower threshing plate 10 also has several perforations 101. The conveying direction of the conveying mechanism is parallel to the extension direction of the guide plates and the lower threshing plate.

[0036] The cleaning mechanism is located below the threshing mechanism and uses air blowing to separate the grains and straw fragments. Specifically, the cleaning mechanism includes a blower 6, a collection frame 5 for collecting grains, and a collection box 16 for collecting straw fragments. The blower 6 is connected to a duckbill-shaped air outlet pipe 14. The collection frame 5 is located directly below the threshing plate and between the air outlet pipe 14 and the collection box 16. The collection box 16 is located on the opposite side of the blower 6, and the collection box 16 has an air inlet 12 on one side facing the blower 6. The air inlet 12 is positioned higher than the top of the collection frame 5.

[0037] When implementing this scheme, after the fixing part 13 exits from the discharge end and passes through the extrusion block 15, the extrusion protrusion 151 extrudes the buckle 133. After the buckle 133 exits from the buckle hole 131, the spring piece 135 is popped up to prepare for the next release of a single sorghum ear (state as follows). Figure 5 As shown), the fixing part 13 of the spring clip 135 is opened, so before the feeding end, the sorghum stalks are manually placed on the mounting plate 134, while the sorghum ears are laid on the guide plate. When passing the lower pressing block 7, the spring clip 135 is passively pressed down, and the buckle 133 is pressed into the locking hole 131, thereby fixing the stalk part of the single sorghum ear (as shown). Figure 3 (See the rightmost fixing part 13).

[0038] As the sorghum ears travel from the feed end to the discharge end of the threshing plate, the grains on the sorghum ears are pulled off the sorghum stalks by passing through several threshing teeth 8, and fall down through the sieve holes 101. Full grains are heavier than straw fragments and empty husks. Utilizing this characteristic, the blower 6 is turned on, and the straw fragments and empty husks mixed with the falling grains are blown away by airflow. The grains, under the influence of gravity exceeding the wind force, fall down and are collected in the collection frame 5, while the straw fragments and empty husks are blown away into the collection box 16.

[0039] After the threshed sorghum stalks come out between the two threshing plates, the fixing part 13 passes through the squeezing block 15, which squeezes the buckle 133. After the buckle 133 exits from the locking hole 131, the spring piece 135 is bounced up. When the cycle returns to the feeding point, the spring piece 135 is always open under the support of the spring 136, which makes it convenient for workers to place the sorghum stalks on the mounting plate 134. They only need to put them on. When the spring piece 135 passes through the lower pressing block 7, the spring piece 135 is passively pressed down, and the buckle 133 is pressed into the locking hole 131. This cycle continues.

[0040] The beneficial technical effects of this solution are:

[0041] 1. This solution utilizes the pulling action between the threshing teeth 8 and the sorghum ears to more accurately remove the grains without causing severe crushing of the sorghum stalks. Most of what is pulled off consists of a small amount of grain stems or small stalk fragments, resulting in cleaner grains.

[0042] 2. A small amount of grain stems, small straw fragments, and empty husks are blown away by the wind, achieving efficient separation from the grains. The grains collected in the end are cleaner, and all the collected grains are plump and usable.

[0043] 3. The grains after cleaning are relatively plump, making it easier to select sorghum varieties.

[0044] Example 2: The difference between this solution and Example 1 is that the guide plate can also be replaced with a conveyor belt.

Claims

1. A sorghum single-ear threshing and cleaning device, characterized in that: The system includes a conveying mechanism, a threshing mechanism, and a cleaning mechanism. The conveying mechanism has multiple fixing parts for securing the sorghum stalks. The threshing mechanism includes two threshing plates aligned vertically, with several threshing teeth evenly distributed on the surfaces of the opposite sides of the two threshing plates. Guide plates are provided at both ends of the lower threshing plate, which also has several perforations evenly distributed on its surface. The conveying mechanism, guide plates, and lower threshing plate are arranged side by side. The cleaning mechanism is located below the threshing mechanism and uses air blowing to separate the grains from the straw fragments. The fixing part includes a mounting plate and a spring plate. The mounting plate is connected to the chain. One end of the spring plate in the conveying direction is rotatably connected to the mounting plate, and a spring is provided at the rotatable connection to lift the spring plate. The other end of the spring plate is connected to a buckle that springs laterally. A card is connected to the mounting plate, and the card has a card hole for the buckle to engage. The card is parallel to the conveying direction, and the card hole on the card is perpendicular to the conveying direction. The buckle is set on the side of the spring piece that is parallel to the conveying direction. A pressing block is provided at the feeding end in the conveying direction. The top of the pressing block is located directly above the chain. When the spring piece passes the pressing block, the buckle on the spring piece is pressed into the card hole. A squeezing block is provided at the discharge end in the conveying direction. The squeezing block is located on the side of the chain away from the guide plate. When the fixing part passes the squeezing block, the squeezing block squeezes the buckle. After the buckle is removed from the card hole, the spring piece is lifted.

2. The sorghum single-ear threshing and cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism includes two sprockets and a chain fitted on the two sprockets, one of which is connected to a motor, and a fixing part is connected to the chain.

3. A sorghum single-ear threshing and cleaning device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism includes a blower, a collection frame for holding grains, and a collection box for holding straw fragments. The collection frame is located directly below the threshing plate and between the blower and the collection box, while the collection box is located on the opposite side of the blower.

4. A sorghum single-ear threshing and cleaning device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The threshing teeth on the two threshing plates are staggered.

5. A sorghum single-ear threshing and cleaning device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The lower threshing plate is set horizontally, while the upper threshing plate is set at an angle. The distance between the two threshing plates gradually decreases from the direction in which the sorghum ear enters the threshing plate to the direction in which it exits the threshing plate.

6. A sorghum single-ear threshing and cleaning device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the threshing plate is connected to a vibrator, and the threshing plate is connected to the frame by a vibration spring. The reciprocating direction is the same as the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism.

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