A garbage compression mechanism

Abstract

This invention discloses a waste compression mechanism, comprising: a shell containing a cavity, which includes a waste disposal cavity, a compression cavity, and a pre-compression cavity; the pre-compression cavity is located below the waste disposal cavity and is interconnected with it; the bottom of the pre-compression cavity is an upward-opening arc shape, and the compression cavity is located at the top rear side of the pre-compression cavity; a feeding port is provided at the front side of the waste disposal cavity, and a discharge port is provided at the rear end of the compression cavity; a gate connected to the discharge port; a guide pressure plate installed at the top of the compression cavity; a pusher installed inside the compression cavity; the pusher is movable back and forth and is driven to move back and forth by a moving mechanism; and a rotating pressure plate, the lower end of which is rotatably installed inside the pre-compression cavity and is driven to rotate by a rotating mechanism. The waste compression mechanism of this invention combines rotary pre-compression and pusher compression, resulting in a compact structure that fully utilizes space, reduces structural size and height, and achieves high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste compression equipment technology, and in particular to a waste compression mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] A waste compression station is a facility used to process municipal solid waste. It reduces the volume of waste through compression technology to facilitate transportation and processing. Waste compression stations are typically equipped with compression mechanisms, waste loading equipment, and automated control systems to improve waste processing efficiency and reduce labor costs. The waste compression mechanism is the core equipment in a waste compression station; its main function is to compress the collected waste to reduce its volume, making it easier to transport and process.

[0003] Waste compression mechanisms are divided into horizontal compression mechanisms or vertical compression mechanisms. Existing compression mechanisms either directly use horizontal compression mechanisms to compress waste horizontally, which results in a longer mechanism size and a larger space occupation; or directly use vertical compression mechanisms to compress waste vertically, which results in a taller mechanism and a larger space occupation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a waste compression mechanism that overcomes the shortcomings of existing waste compression mechanisms that directly adopt horizontal or vertical compression methods, such as long equipment size, large height, large space occupation, and low efficiency due to long stroke.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a waste compression mechanism, comprising: a housing having a cavity inside, wherein the cavity comprises a waste disposal chamber, a compression chamber, and a pre-compression chamber; the pre-compression chamber is located below the waste disposal chamber, and the top front side of the pre-compression chamber is interconnected with the waste disposal chamber; the bottom of the pre-compression chamber is an upward-opening arc shape, and the compression chamber is located at the top rear side of the pre-compression chamber; a feeding port is provided at the front side of the waste disposal chamber, and a discharge port is provided at the rear end of the compression chamber; a gate is connected to the discharge port in an openable and closable manner; a guide pressure plate is installed on the top of the compression chamber; a pusher is installed in the compression chamber and is arranged opposite to the discharge port; the pusher is movable back and forth, and the pusher is driven to move back and forth by a moving mechanism; and A rotating pressure plate is rotatably mounted in the pre-compression chamber at its lower end, and the rotating pressure plate is driven to rotate by a rotating mechanism. The lower end of the rotating pressure plate is arc-shaped. In the initial state, the rotating pressure plate is located in front of the pusher head. When the rotating pressure plate rotates counterclockwise to scrape material, the upper end of the rotating pressure plate can contact the bottom of the arc-shaped pre-compression chamber. At the same time, the moving mechanism drives the pusher head to move forward until the lower end of the pusher head contacts the lower end of the rotating pressure plate. When the rotating pressure plate rotates counterclockwise to a position perpendicular to the pusher head, the rotating pressure plate, the pusher head, and the guide pressure plate form the compression chamber. When the pusher head moves backward to the discharge port, the rotating pressure plate can continue to rotate counterclockwise and return to its original position.

[0006] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the compression chamber is arranged horizontally; or, the compression chamber is arranged inclined downwards from front to back.

[0007] Preferably, in the above technical solution, a guide mechanism is provided on the outside of the discharge port, and the gate is installed in the guide mechanism in a way that allows it to slide up and down, and the gate is driven to slide up and down by the gate mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the left and right sides of the cavity are recessed with front and rear guide grooves at positions corresponding to the push head, and the push head is protruded with a slider corresponding to the groove at positions corresponding to the groove.

[0009] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the moving mechanism includes two pusher hydraulic cylinders, which are installed parallel to each other in the cavity to drive the pusher to move back and forth; wherein, the distance between the two pusher hydraulic cylinders is greater than the width of the rotating pressure plate in the left-right direction.

[0010] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the bottom surface of the guide bearing plate is perpendicular to the push head, and the top surface of the guide bearing plate is inclined upward from front to back.

[0011] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the lower end of the rotating pressure plate is provided with a rotating shaft, the housing is provided with a shaft hole at a position corresponding to the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft extends outward through the shaft hole; the rotating mechanism includes a reducer and a hydraulic motor, and the hydraulic motor is connected to the rotating shaft through the reducer.

[0012] Preferably, the above technical solution further includes an anti-rebound device, which is used to lock the rotating pressure plate in a position perpendicular to the push head.

[0013] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the anti-rebound device includes: a locking pin, wherein the side wall of the pre-compression chamber is provided with a through hole for the locking pin to pass through, and the locking pin is installed on the outer side wall of the housing in a manner that allows it to slide within the through hole; and an anti-rebound hydraulic cylinder, which is installed on the outer side wall of the housing and connected to the locking pin, for driving the locking pin to move in and out along the through hole.

[0014] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the locking pin is U-shaped.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The waste compression mechanism of this invention first uses a rotating pressure plate in the pre-compression chamber for pre-compression, and then uses a pusher to perform secondary compression on the pre-compressed waste. The structure is compact, and the combination of rotating pre-compression and pusher compression can make full use of space, reduce the structural size and height, occupy little space, have good compression effect, short stroke, and high efficiency. Moreover, the final material in the compression chamber is compressed and shaped at a high position, and the moisture in the material can fall smoothly and will not remain in the compression chamber layer. At the same time, the rotating pressure plate can be directly driven by an electric motor or hydraulic motor for compression, which has higher energy conversion efficiency. The movement speed of the rotating pressure plate is faster than that of the pusher driven by a hydraulic cylinder, and the processing efficiency is effectively improved.

[0017] 2. The anti-rebound device of the present invention can lock the rotating pressure plate in a position perpendicular to the pusher head, preventing the rotating pressure plate from rotating in the opposite direction and ensuring that the subsequent garbage compression work can proceed normally. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the waste compression mechanism according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the waste compression mechanism according to the present invention in its initial state.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rotating pressure plate in the state of scraping and compressing waste according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rotating pressure plate and the pusher head being perpendicular to each other according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the housing structure according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-rebound device according to the present invention installed on the housing.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the anti-rebound device installed on the waste compression mechanism according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the horizontal arrangement of the compression chamber in the waste compression mechanism according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of tilting the compression chamber in the waste compression mechanism according to the present invention.

[0027] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0028] 1-Shell, 11-Guide bearing plate, 12-Guide mechanism, 13-Slide groove, 14-Shaft hole, 15-Feeding port, 2-Push head, 3-Rotating pressure plate, 4-Gate, 5-Cavity, 51-Garbage disposal chamber, 52-Pre-compression chamber, 53-Compression chamber, 6-Anti-rebound device, 61-Clamping pin, 62-Anti-rebound hydraulic cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0030] Unless otherwise expressly stated, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" or its variations such as "including" or "comprises" shall be understood to include the stated elements or components without excluding other elements or other components.

[0031] Figures 1 to 9 A schematic diagram of a waste compression mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown. The waste compression mechanism includes a housing 1, a gate 4, a guide pressure plate 11, a pusher 2, and a rotating pressure plate 3.

[0032] refer to Figures 1 to 9The housing 1 contains a cavity 5, which includes a waste disposal cavity 51, a compression cavity 53, and a pre-compression cavity 52. ​​The pre-compression cavity 52 is located below the waste disposal cavity 51, and its top front side is connected to the waste disposal cavity 51, facilitating the falling of waste from the waste disposal cavity 51 into the pre-compression cavity 52 under gravity. The bottom of the pre-compression cavity 52 is an upward-opening arc shape, facilitating subsequent pre-compression of the waste by the rotating pressure plate 3. The compression cavity 53 is located at the top rear side of the pre-compression cavity 52 and is used for secondary compression of the waste. The front side of the waste disposal cavity 51 has a feeding port 15 for easy waste disposal. The rear end of the compression cavity 53 has a discharge port; after pre-compression and secondary compression, the waste is discharged from the discharge port. A gate 4 is connected to the discharge port in an openable and closable manner for opening and closing the discharge port. A guide pressure plate 11 is installed on the top of the compression cavity 53 to separate the waste disposal cavity 51 from the compression cavity 53. The pusher head 2 is installed inside the compression chamber 53 and is positioned opposite the discharge port. The pusher head 2 can move back and forth, and is driven by a moving mechanism to compress the waste in the compression chamber 53 and push the compressed waste towards the discharge port. The lower end of the rotating pressure plate 3 is rotatably installed inside the pre-compression chamber 52, and is driven to rotate by a rotating mechanism. The lower end of the rotating pressure plate 3 is arc-shaped. In the initial state, the rotating pressure plate 3 is located in front of the pusher head 2, opening the connection channel between the waste disposal chamber 51 and the pre-compression chamber 52, so that the waste in the waste disposal chamber 51 can be normally disposed of into the pre-compression chamber 52. When the rotating pressure plate 3 rotates counterclockwise to scrape the material, its upper end contacts the bottom of the arc-shaped pre-compression chamber 52. This means the length from the center of the rotating pressure plate's axis to its free end is equal to the radius of the arc-shaped pre-compression chamber. This compresses all the waste in the pre-compression chamber 52 into the compression chamber 53, preventing waste from getting stuck in the gap between the rotating pressure plate 3 and the bottom of the pre-compression chamber 52. Simultaneously, the moving mechanism drives the pusher head 2 forward until its lower end contacts the lower end of the rotating pressure plate 3. When the lower end of the pusher head contacts the lower end of the rotating pressure plate 3, it seals the compression chamber 53 and the pre-compression chamber 52, preventing waste from flowing out from the gap between the pusher head and the rotating pressure plate 3 during compression, thus ensuring the compression effect. When the rotating pressure plate 3 rotates counterclockwise to a position perpendicular to the pusher head 2, the rotating pressure plate 3, the pusher head 2, and the guide pressure plate 11 form the compression chamber 53. When the pusher 2 moves backward to the discharge port, the rotating pressure plate 3 can continue to rotate counterclockwise and return to its original position.The waste compression mechanism of this invention first uses the rotating pressure plate 3 in the pre-compression chamber 52 for pre-compression, and then uses the pusher 2 to perform secondary compression on the pre-compressed waste. The structure is compact, and the combination of rotating pre-compression and pusher 2 compression makes full use of space, reducing structural size and height, occupying little space, providing good compression effect, short stroke, and high efficiency. Furthermore, the final material compression in the compression chamber 53 is at a high position, allowing moisture to fall smoothly and preventing it from remaining in the compression chamber 53 layer. Simultaneously, the rotating pressure plate 3 can be directly driven by an electric motor or hydraulic motor for compression, resulting in higher energy conversion efficiency. The rotation speed of the rotating pressure plate 3 is faster than that of the pusher driven by a hydraulic cylinder, effectively improving processing efficiency.

[0033] refer to Figures 1 to 9 The compression chamber 53 can be horizontally or inclined. Preferably, the compression chamber 53 is horizontally arranged; alternatively, the compression chamber 53 is inclined downwards from front to back. Operators can choose the appropriate configuration based on actual needs.

[0034] refer to Figures 2 to 7 The gate 4 can be opened and closed by rotation or by sliding. Preferably, a guide mechanism 12 is provided on the outside of the discharge port, and the gate 4 is installed in the guide mechanism 12 in a way that allows it to slide up and down. The gate 4 is driven to slide up and down by a gate mechanism. The gate mechanism can be a hydraulic cylinder structure, which drives the gate 4 to slide up and down by extending and retracting the hydraulic cylinder, thereby opening and closing the discharge port.

[0035] refer to Figure 5 Preferably, the left and right sides of the cavity 5 are recessed with front and rear guide grooves 13 at positions corresponding to the push head 2, and the push head 2 is protruded with a slider corresponding to the groove 13 at positions corresponding to the groove 13, so as to facilitate the back and forth movement of the push head 2.

[0036] refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 The moving mechanism can be a lead screw and nut structure or a hydraulic cylinder structure. Preferably, the moving mechanism includes two pusher hydraulic cylinders, which are installed parallel to each other in the cavity 5. The rear end of the pusher hydraulic cylinder is connected to the pusher 2, and the front end is connected to the housing 1, for driving the pusher 2 to move back and forth. The distance between the two pusher hydraulic cylinders is greater than the width of the rotating pressure plate 3 in the left and right direction, which facilitates the counterclockwise rotation of the rotating pressure plate 3 to return to its original position.

[0037] refer to Figures 2 to 5 Preferably, the bottom surface of the guide pressure plate 11 is perpendicular to the push head 2, which facilitates the movement of the push head 2; and the top surface of the guide pressure plate 11 is inclined upward from front to back, so that the garbage disposal chamber 51 is funnel-shaped with a larger top and a smaller bottom, which facilitates the garbage falling into the pre-compression chamber.

[0038] refer to Figures 2 to 5Preferably, the lower end of the rotating pressure plate 3 is provided with a rotating shaft, and the housing 1 is provided with a shaft hole 14 at a position corresponding to the rotating shaft, through which the rotating shaft extends outward. The rotating mechanism includes a reducer and a hydraulic motor. The hydraulic motor is connected to the rotating shaft through the reducer and is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, thereby driving the rotating pressure plate 3 to rotate.

[0039] refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 To prevent the rotating pressure plate 3 from rotating in the opposite direction due to excessive force, the garbage compression mechanism preferably includes an anti-rebound device 6. The anti-rebound device 6 is used to lock the rotating pressure plate 3 in a position perpendicular to the pusher head 2, preventing the rotating pressure plate 3 from rotating in the opposite direction, facilitating the pusher head 2 to perform secondary compression operations on the garbage, and ensuring that the garbage compression work can proceed normally.

[0040] refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The anti-rebound device 6 can be a locking pin structure, or a structure combining a locking pin and an anti-rebound hydraulic cylinder. Preferably, the anti-rebound device 6 includes a locking pin 61 and an anti-rebound hydraulic cylinder 62. The side wall of the pre-pressing chamber 52 has a through hole for the locking pin 61 to pass through. The locking pin 61 is installed on the outer side wall of the housing 1 in a manner that allows it to slide within the through hole. In the initial state, the inner end of the locking pin 61 is located within the through hole, preventing it from interfering with the rotation of the rotating pressure plate 3. When the rotating pressure plate 3 rotates to a position perpendicular to the push head 2, the locking pin 61 is driven to move inward, extending into the pre-pressing chamber 52 and contacting the bottom surface of the rotating pressure plate 3, preventing the rotating pressure plate 3 from rotating in the opposite direction. When the locking is released, simply drive the locking pin 61 to move outward, so that the inner end of the locking pin 61 is located within the through hole, thus preventing the locking pin 61 from interfering with the rotation of the rotating pressure plate 3 to press the material. The anti-rebound hydraulic cylinder 62 is mounted on the outer wall of the housing 1 and connected to the locking pin 61. It is used to drive the locking pin 61 to slide along the through hole. The structure is simple and the drive is convenient. The locking pin 61 can be in the shape of a straight line or a U. More preferably, the locking pin 61 is in the shape of a U.

[0041] refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9In operation, waste enters through the feeding port 15 and falls into the pre-compression chamber 52 under gravity. A hydraulic motor drives the rotating pressure plate 3 to rotate counterclockwise via a reducer, pre-compressing the waste in the pre-compression chamber 52 and then pressing it into the compression chamber 53. Simultaneously, the pusher hydraulic cylinder retracts, driving the pusher 2 to move backward, so that the lower end of the pusher 2 abuts against the upper arc-shaped end of the rotating pressure plate 3, preventing waste from flowing out through the gap. When the rotating pressure plate 3 rotates to a position perpendicular to the pusher 2, it stops at this position, and the anti-rebound hydraulic cylinder 62 drives the locking pin 61 to move inward, preventing the rotating pressure plate 3 from rotating in the opposite direction. Then, the pusher hydraulic cylinder extends to perform a secondary compression of the waste in the compression chamber 53. After the waste is compressed, the gate 4 is opened, and the hydraulic cylinder of the pusher head is driven to extend, pushing the waste out of the discharge port. When the pusher head 2 moves to the discharge port, the hydraulic motor drives the rotating pressure plate 3 to continue to rotate counterclockwise through the reducer, returning to its original position. The anti-rebound hydraulic cylinder 62 drives the locking pin 61 to move outward, returning to its original position. The pusher head 2 also moves forward to return to its original position, and the gate 4 is closed. This cycle continues until all the waste compression work is completed.

[0042] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the invention, as well as various different choices and variations. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A refuse compaction mechanism characterized by, include: The shell has a cavity inside, which contains a waste disposal cavity, a compression cavity, and a pre-compression cavity. The pre-compression chamber is located below the waste disposal chamber, and the top front side of the pre-compression chamber is connected to the waste disposal chamber; the bottom of the pre-compression chamber is an arc shape with the opening facing upwards, and the compression chamber is located on the top rear side of the pre-compression chamber; the front side of the waste disposal chamber is provided with a feeding port, and the rear end of the compression chamber is provided with a discharge port; A gate that is connected to the discharge port in a manner that allows it to be opened and closed; A guide plate is installed on top of the compression chamber; A pusher head, installed within the compression chamber and positioned opposite the discharge port; the pusher head is capable of moving back and forth, and its movement is driven by a moving mechanism; and A rotating pressure plate is rotatably mounted in the pre-compression chamber at its lower end, and the rotating pressure plate is driven to rotate by a rotating mechanism. The lower end of the rotating pressure plate is arc-shaped. In the initial state, the rotating pressure plate is located in front of the pusher head. When the rotating pressure plate rotates counterclockwise to scrape material, the upper end of the rotating pressure plate can contact the bottom of the arc-shaped pre-compression chamber. At the same time, the moving mechanism drives the pusher head to move forward until the lower end of the pusher head contacts the lower end of the rotating pressure plate. When the rotating pressure plate rotates counterclockwise to a position perpendicular to the pusher head, the rotating pressure plate, the pusher head, and the guide pressure plate form the compression chamber. When the pusher head moves backward to the discharge port, the rotating pressure plate can continue to rotate counterclockwise and return to its original position.

2. The waste compression mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compression chamber is horizontally arranged; or, the compression chamber is inclined downwards from front to back.

3. The waste compression mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, A guide mechanism is provided on the outside of the discharge port, and the gate is installed in the guide mechanism in a way that allows it to slide up and down. The gate is driven to slide up and down by the gate mechanism.

4. The waste compression mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The left and right sides of the cavity are recessed with front and rear guide grooves at positions corresponding to the push head, and the push head is protruded with a slider corresponding to the groove at positions corresponding to the groove.

5. The waste compression mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moving mechanism includes two pusher hydraulic cylinders, which are installed parallel to each other in the cavity to drive the pusher to move back and forth; wherein the distance between the two pusher hydraulic cylinders is greater than the width of the rotating pressure plate in the left and right direction.

6. The waste compression mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the guide bearing plate is perpendicular to the push head, and the top surface of the guide bearing plate is inclined upward from front to back.

7. The waste compression mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the rotating pressure plate is provided with a rotating shaft, and the housing is provided with a shaft hole at a position corresponding to the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft extends outward through the shaft hole. The rotating mechanism includes a reducer and a hydraulic motor, and the hydraulic motor is connected to the rotating shaft through the reducer.

8. The waste compression mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an anti-rebound device, which is used to lock the rotating pressure plate in a position perpendicular to the push head.

9. The waste compression mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that, The anti-rebound device includes: A locking pin is provided on the side wall of the pre-compression chamber, through which the locking pin passes, and the locking pin is mounted on the outer side wall of the housing in a manner that allows it to slide within the through hole; and An anti-rebound hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the outer wall of the housing and connected to the locking pin, used to drive the locking pin to move in and out of the through hole.

10. The waste compression mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that, The locking pin is U-shaped.

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