Method and device for adjusting input state, storage medium and electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses a method and device for adjusting a put-in state, a storage medium and an electronic device. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring real-time data corresponding to each battery unit in an energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system comprises a plurality of power conversion units connected in series, each power conversion unit corresponds to a battery cluster; the real-time data at least comprises voltage corresponding to each battery cluster and state of charge corresponding to each battery cluster; determining the working state of each battery cluster according to the real-time data, and generating a target pulse signal corresponding to the working state; and adjusting the put-in state of each battery cluster in the energy storage system in operation by using the target pulse signal. By using the technical scheme, the problem of low battery utilization rate, high risk of misoperation and high cost of the energy storage system in the related art is solved, and the battery utilization rate in the energy storage system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage equipment technology, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus for adjusting the operational status, a storage medium, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, energy storage technology, especially battery energy storage, has played an increasingly important role in improving the flexibility and stability of power systems. Cascaded high-voltage direct-connected energy storage systems, as an advanced energy storage solution, have gained widespread popularity due to their ability to be directly connected to the high-voltage grid without additional step-up equipment, and their modular design that facilitates expansion and maintenance. This system consists of several battery clusters and their corresponding power conversion units connected in series. Each power conversion unit is independently controlled, achieving efficient energy storage and release.

[0003] However, battery energy storage systems face a key challenge in practical operation: battery consistency. Due to differences in manufacturing processes, environmental conditions, and aging levels, even batteries within the same energy storage system can exhibit performance variations, which gradually increase over time. This inconsistency leads to some batteries reaching their charge / discharge thresholds faster than others during the charging and discharging process, resulting in overcharging or over-discharging. Overcharging or over-discharging not only damages the batteries and shortens their lifespan but can also degrade the stability of the energy storage system, impacting its overall performance and economic efficiency.

[0004] To address these issues, current cascaded high-voltage direct-connect energy storage systems typically employ two strategies to handle overcharged or over-discharged batteries. The first approach is to restrict the energy storage system to the opposite operation upon detecting overcharge or over-discharge (e.g., allowing only discharge during overcharge and only charging during over-discharge). While simple, this method leads to a significant reduction in battery utilization, particularly in long-term energy storage applications, where the system's economy and reliability are severely compromised.

[0005] The second method involves adding a bypass contactor to each power conversion unit. When the battery is overcharged or over-discharged, the bypass contactor automatically disconnects the battery from the system, ensuring the normal operation of other parts of the system. However, this strategy has several major drawbacks: First, adding bypass contactors significantly increases system costs, especially for large energy storage systems, where the additional costs are not negligible. Second, the complex operating environment of energy storage systems means that bypass contactors may malfunction due to electromagnetic interference, leading to internal short circuits in the power conversion unit and creating safety hazards. Third, once the contactor is closed, it usually cannot automatically disconnect due to design limitations. This means that when the system switches from charging to discharging, or vice versa, overcharged or over-discharged batteries cannot be put back into operation, further reducing battery utilization. Finally, manually operating the bypass contactor increases maintenance costs and complexity.

[0006] Currently, there is no effective solution to the problems of low battery utilization, high risk of malfunction, and high cost in energy storage systems.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the relevant technology to overcome the aforementioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This application provides a method and apparatus for adjusting the operational status, a storage medium, and an electronic device to at least solve the problems of low battery utilization, high risk of malfunction, and high cost in energy storage systems.

[0009] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a method for adjusting the engagement state is provided, comprising: acquiring real-time data corresponding to each battery cell in an energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system includes multiple power conversion units connected in series, each power conversion unit corresponding to a battery cluster; the real-time data includes at least: the voltage corresponding to each battery cluster and the state of charge corresponding to each battery cluster; determining the operating state of each battery cluster based on the real-time data, and generating a target pulse signal corresponding to the operating state; and using the target pulse signal to adjust the engagement state of each battery cluster during the operation of the energy storage system.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment, after adjusting the activation status of each battery cluster during the operation of the energy storage system using the target pulse signal, the method further includes: statistically analyzing the real-time activation status of different battery clusters in the energy storage system at the same time; determining a first number of power conversion units operating in bypass mode in the energy storage system and a second number of power conversion units operating in non-bypass mode in the energy storage system based on the real-time activation status; and determining whether to perform switching or shutdown processing on the energy storage system based on the first number and the second number.

[0011] In one exemplary embodiment, determining whether to perform a switching or shutdown process on the energy storage system based on a first quantity and a second quantity includes: determining to perform a switching or shutdown process on the energy storage system when the first quantity is greater than the second quantity; and determining not to perform a switching or shutdown process on the energy storage system when the first quantity is less than or equal to the second quantity.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment, after determining that no switching or shutdown process will be performed on the energy storage system, the method further includes: switching the non-bypass operating power conversion unit to a zero-level state; controlling the power conversion unit in the zero-level state to generate a drive pulse signal, wherein the drive pulse signal is used to release the blocking management of the switching transistor in the power conversion unit.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment, after adjusting the input state of each battery cluster during the operation of the energy storage system using the target pulse signal, the method further includes: continuously monitoring the input voltage of each battery cluster; when it is determined that the energy storage system is executing a charging command, blocking the switching transistors in the power conversion unit corresponding to the battery cluster with an input voltage greater than a first preset voltage threshold, wherein the switching transistors are used to control the generation of the target pulse signal; and when it is determined that the energy storage system is executing a discharging command, blocking the switching transistors in the power conversion unit corresponding to the battery cluster with an input voltage less than a second preset voltage threshold.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment, after adjusting the operational status of each battery cluster in the energy storage system using a target pulse signal, the method further includes: recording the latest operating status of different battery clusters after adjusting their operational status to obtain target status information; calculating the target number of remaining available power conversion units in the energy storage system corresponding to the target status information; adjusting the phase of the modulation waveform and the fundamental carrier based on the target number to obtain a target carrier; and generating a new target pulse signal based on the target carrier.

[0015] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, an adjustment device for the engagement state is also provided, comprising: an acquisition module, configured to acquire real-time data corresponding to each battery cell in an energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system includes a plurality of power conversion units connected in series, each power conversion unit corresponding to a battery cluster; the real-time data includes at least: the voltage corresponding to each battery cluster and the state of charge corresponding to each battery cluster; a generation module, configured to determine the operating state of each battery cluster based on the real-time data and generate a target pulse signal corresponding to the operating state; and an adjustment module, configured to use the target pulse signal to adjust the engagement state of each battery cluster during the operation of the energy storage system.

[0016] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, wherein a computer program is stored in the computer program, and the computer program is configured to execute the above-described adjustment method for the engaged state when it is run.

[0017] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, an electronic device is also provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the above-mentioned adjustment method for the engagement state through the computer program.

[0018] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer program product is also provided, including a computer program and a method for adjusting the above-mentioned input state when the computer program is executed by a processor.

[0019] This application acquires real-time data corresponding to each battery cell in an energy storage system. The energy storage system includes multiple power conversion units connected in series, each power conversion unit corresponding to a battery cluster. The real-time data includes at least: the voltage and state of charge (SOC) of each battery cluster. Based on the real-time data, the operating state of each battery cluster is determined, and a target pulse signal corresponding to the operating state is generated. The target pulse signal is used to adjust the activation state of each battery cluster during the operation of the energy storage system. This technical solution solves the problems of low battery utilization and high risk of malfunction and cost in related technologies. By monitoring the state of battery clusters in real time and dynamically adjusting their activation state in the energy storage system, the operating efficiency and safety of the energy storage system are effectively improved. This solution can adaptively adjust the pulse signal according to the voltage and SOC of the battery clusters, thereby achieving refined management of the battery clusters and avoiding system performance degradation and safety hazards caused by inconsistent battery cell states. In practical applications, this method can significantly improve the energy utilization rate of the energy storage system, extend battery life, reduce maintenance costs, and provide strong technical support for large-scale energy storage applications. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a computer terminal for a method of adjusting the engagement state according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for adjusting the input state according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a basic topology diagram of a cascaded high-voltage direct-connected energy storage system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a strategy for improving battery utilization in a cascaded high-voltage direct-connected energy storage system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the principle of driving pulse generation in a power conversion unit according to an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a topology diagram of a power conversion unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of an adjustment of the input state according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0031] The methods and embodiments provided in this application can be executed on a computer terminal, mobile terminal, or similar computing device. Taking running on a computer terminal as an example, Figure 1 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a computer terminal for a method of adjusting the engagement state according to an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 1 As shown, a computer terminal may include one or more ( Figure 1 Only one is shown in the diagram. A processor 102 (which may include, but is not limited to, a microprocessor (CPU) or a programmable gate array (FPGA)) and a memory 104 for storing data are also shown. The computer terminal may further include a transmission device 106 for communication functions and an input / output device 108. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 1The structure shown is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the structure of the computer terminal described above. For example, the computer terminal may also include components that are more complex than those described above. Figure 1 The more or fewer components shown, or having the same Figure 1 The different configurations shown.

[0032] The memory 104 can be used to store computer programs, such as application software programs and modules, like the computer program corresponding to the adjustment method for the engagement state in this embodiment. The processor 102 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory 104, thereby implementing the above-described method. The memory 104 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some instances, the memory 104 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 102, and these remote memories can be connected to a computer terminal via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0033] The transmission device 106 is used to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the network described above may include a wireless network provided by a communication provider for the computer terminal. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a Network Interface Controller (NIC), which can connect to other network devices via a base station to communicate with the Internet. In another example, the transmission device 106 may be a Radio Frequency (RF) module used for wireless communication with the Internet.

[0034] This embodiment provides a method for adjusting the input state. Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for adjusting the input state according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the process includes the following steps S202-S206:

[0035] Step S202: Obtain real-time data corresponding to each battery cell in the energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system includes multiple power conversion units connected in series, and each power conversion unit corresponds to a battery cluster; the real-time data includes at least: the voltage corresponding to each battery cluster and the state of charge corresponding to each battery cluster.

[0036] Step S204: Determine the working state of each battery cluster based on the real-time data, and generate a target pulse signal corresponding to the working state;

[0037] Step S206: Use the target pulse signal to adjust the activation status of each battery cluster during the operation of the energy storage system.

[0038] The above steps acquire real-time data corresponding to each battery cell in the energy storage system. The energy storage system includes multiple power conversion units connected in series, each power conversion unit corresponding to a battery cluster. The real-time data includes at least: the voltage and state of charge (SOC) of each battery cluster. Based on the real-time data, the operating state of each battery cluster is determined, and a target pulse signal corresponding to the operating state is generated. The target pulse signal is used to adjust the activation state of each battery cluster during the operation of the energy storage system. This technical solution solves the problems of low battery utilization and high risk of malfunction and cost in related technologies for energy storage systems. By monitoring the state of battery clusters in real time and dynamically adjusting their activation state in the energy storage system, the operating efficiency and safety of the energy storage system are effectively improved. This solution can adaptively adjust the pulse signal according to the voltage and SOC of the battery clusters, thereby achieving refined management of the battery clusters and avoiding system performance degradation and safety hazards caused by inconsistent battery cell states. In practical applications, this method can significantly improve the energy utilization rate of the energy storage system, extend battery life, reduce maintenance costs, and provide strong technical support for large-scale energy storage applications.

[0039] In an exemplary embodiment, after adjusting the operational status of each battery cluster during the operation of the energy storage system using a target pulse signal, the method further includes: statistically analyzing the real-time operational status of different battery clusters in the energy storage system at the same time; determining a first number of power conversion units operating in bypass mode and a second number of power conversion units operating in non-bypass mode based on the real-time operational status; and determining whether to perform a switching or shutdown process on the energy storage system based on the first and second numbers. By statistically analyzing the real-time operational status of battery clusters, potential problems in the system can be identified in a timely manner, such as overcharging or over-discharging of battery clusters, thereby enabling corresponding management measures to be taken to ensure the stable operation of the energy storage system. This method is particularly suitable for energy storage applications requiring high reliability and long lifespan, such as grid energy storage and data center backup power supplies.

[0040] Assume a cascaded high-voltage direct-connected energy storage system consists of 12 battery clusters, each equipped with one power conversion unit (PCU). The system is designed to have a maximum of 3 PCUs that can be bypassed. At a certain moment, system monitoring shows that battery clusters 1, 2, and 10 are bypassed due to overcharging; battery cluster 6 is also bypassed due to over-discharging; the remaining battery clusters (3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, and 12) are in normal operating condition. At this time, the first quantity corresponds to 4 (i.e., the PCUs corresponding to battery clusters 1, 2, 6, and 10). The second quantity corresponds to 8 (i.e., the PCUs corresponding to battery clusters 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, and 12). Furthermore, based on the real-time operational status, the system will automatically perform the following judgment and adjustment: check whether the first quantity (the number of bypassed PCUs) exceeds the maximum number of bypasses allowed by the system design (3 in this example). If the first number exceeds the maximum allowable bypass number (i.e., the first number is 4, exceeding 3), the system will enter the decision-making phase: determining the current power command. If it is a charging command, considering that battery clusters 1, 2, and 10 are overcharged, while battery cluster 6 is over-discharged, the system may determine that it cannot meet the requirements for further charging because additional battery clusters may be overcharged. If it is a discharging command, since battery cluster 6 is over-discharged, and battery clusters 1, 2, and 10 have already been bypassed, the system may similarly determine that it cannot meet the requirements for further discharging because additional battery clusters may be over-discharged. If the number of overcharged battery clusters under a charging command exceeds the allowable bypass number, the system will automatically switch to discharging mode or completely shut down to prevent more battery clusters from overcharging. Similarly, if the number of over-discharged battery clusters under a discharging command exceeds the allowable bypass number, the system will automatically switch to charging mode or completely shut down to prevent more battery clusters from over-discharging.

[0041] In summary, by real-time statistics of the number of power conversion units in bypass and non-bypass states, combined with the current power command of the system, the operating mode of the energy storage system is intelligently judged and adjusted. This effectively avoids system shutdown or performance degradation caused by excessive battery overcharging / over-discharging, while maximizing battery utilization and ensuring the system's economy and reliability.

[0042] In an exemplary embodiment, determining whether to perform a switching or shutdown process on the energy storage system based on a first quantity and a second quantity includes: determining to perform a switching or shutdown process on the energy storage system when the first quantity is greater than the second quantity; and determining not to perform a switching or shutdown process on the energy storage system when the first quantity is less than or equal to the second quantity. This strategy effectively prevents too many power conversion units in the system from entering bypass operation, avoiding a significant degradation in system performance.

[0043] In an exemplary embodiment, after determining that no switching or shutdown processing will be performed on the energy storage system, the method further includes: switching the non-bypass operating power conversion unit to a zero-level state; controlling the power conversion unit in the zero-level state to generate a drive pulse signal, wherein the drive pulse signal is used to release the blocking management of the switching transistor in the power conversion unit. In summary, by switching the power conversion unit to a zero-level state, unnecessary energy loss can be reduced, and the system's energy efficiency can be improved. Simultaneously, releasing the blocking management of the switching transistor ensures that the system can respond quickly when needed, making it suitable for scenarios requiring efficient energy management and rapid response, such as smart grids and microgrids.

[0044] In an exemplary embodiment, after adjusting the input state of each battery cluster during the operation of the energy storage system using the target pulse signal, the method further includes: continuously monitoring the input voltage of each battery cluster; when it is determined that the energy storage system is executing a charging command, blocking the switching transistors in the power conversion unit corresponding to the battery cluster with an input voltage greater than a first preset voltage threshold, wherein the switching transistors are used to control the generation of the target pulse signal; and when it is determined that the energy storage system is executing a discharging command, blocking the switching transistors in the power conversion unit corresponding to the battery cluster with an input voltage less than a second preset voltage threshold.

[0045] In summary, the aforementioned dynamic voltage monitoring and management mechanism can effectively prevent battery clusters from being overcharged or over-discharged, protect battery cells, extend the lifespan of the energy storage system, and greatly improve the performance in scenarios requiring precise battery status management, such as home energy storage systems and commercial energy storage facilities.

[0046] In an exemplary embodiment, after adjusting the operational status of each battery cluster in the energy storage system using a target pulse signal, the method further includes: recording the latest operating status of different battery clusters after adjusting their operational status to obtain target status information; calculating the target number of remaining available power conversion units in the energy storage system corresponding to the target status information; adjusting the phase of the modulation waveform and the fundamental carrier based on the target number to obtain a target carrier; and generating a new target pulse signal based on the target carrier.

[0047] Assume an energy storage system contains 16 battery clusters (16 power conversion units), and the system design allows a maximum of 4 power conversion units to be bypassed. During a certain operation, system monitoring shows that battery clusters 1 and 4 are switched to a zero-level state due to overcharging, and battery clusters 12 and 15 are also switched to a zero-level state due to over-discharging, meaning a total of 4 power conversion units are bypassed. After adjusting the activation status of the power conversion units, the system needs to record the latest operating status, i.e., which power conversion units have been bypassed and which are still operating normally. The target status information here includes: the power conversion units corresponding to battery clusters 1, 4, 12, and 15 are in a bypass state. The remaining power conversion units corresponding to battery clusters 2, 3, 5-11, 13, 14, and 16 are in a normal operating state. It should be noted that the target number refers to the number of power conversion units still available in the system. In this example, since the power conversion units corresponding to battery clusters 1, 4, 12, and 15 are bypassed, the target number is 16-4=12 power conversion units. The modulation waveform and the phase of the fundamental carrier are adjusted to generate the target carrier. Specifically, the original modulation waveform and fundamental carrier phase of the system were based on the operation of all 16 power conversion units. Now, because 4 power conversion units are bypassed, the system needs to adjust the modulation waveform and carrier phase to accommodate the operation of the remaining 12 power conversion units. The specific adjustment method is as follows: First, the amplitude of the modulation wave is recalculated to match the number of remaining power conversion units. The amplitude of the modulation wave should be proportional to the target number to ensure that each normally operating power conversion unit can handle the appropriate power, maintaining the overall output power of the system unchanged. Then, the phase of the fundamental carrier is adjusted so that the phase difference between adjacent stages is suitable for the remaining 12 power conversion units. This adjustment is to optimize the power distribution among the power conversion units, ensuring that the system can operate efficiently even when some power conversion units are bypassed.

[0048] Understandably, by recording and analyzing the latest operating status of the battery cluster, the modulation waveform and the phase of the fundamental carrier can be dynamically adjusted to optimize the generation of pulse signals, further improving the energy conversion efficiency of the energy storage system and the level of intelligence in battery management. This is suitable for energy storage applications that require high adaptability and optimization, such as renewable energy power generation and electric vehicle charging stations.

[0049] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. To better understand the above method, the following description, in conjunction with embodiments, illustrates the process, but is not intended to limit the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application. Specifically:

[0050] This application provides an optional embodiment of a method for improving battery utilization in a cascaded high-voltage direct-connected energy storage system. When a battery experiences overcharging / over-discharging, it can be correctly disconnected while maintaining the normal operation of the remaining batteries. Specifically, based on related technologies, bypassing is not achieved using a bypass contactor prone to malfunction. Instead, control is used to ensure the AC side of the power conversion unit to be bypassed is at a zero-level state, achieving an equivalent bypass and avoiding the risk of short circuits on the battery side, allowing the remaining working batteries to continue operating. Simultaneously, the over-discharge unit is re-engaged during a discharge command, and the overcharge unit is re-engaged during a discharge command, further improving battery utilization.

[0051] Optional, Figure 3 This is a basic topology diagram of a cascaded high-voltage direct-connected energy storage system according to an embodiment of this application. Specifically, when the energy storage system detects that a battery cluster is overcharged / over-discharged, the energy storage system can automatically set the power conversion unit corresponding to the battery cluster to a zero-level state according to the actual working state, so that no current flows through the overcharged / over-discharged battery cluster, achieving a bypass state, and the remaining power conversion units output normally, ensuring the normal operation of other battery clusters besides the one in question.

[0052] As an optional implementation method, Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a strategy for improving battery utilization in a cascaded high-voltage direct-connected energy storage system according to an embodiment of this application. Specifically, the strategy includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Determine the power command switching logic, including: When the system power command changes, a positive active power indicates discharging, and a negative active power indicates charging; Under a charging command, if there are power conversion units that were previously bypassed due to over-discharge, the drive pulses of the switching transistors of all power conversion units are blocked to prevent malfunction, and the over-discharged units are put back into operation, i.e., they are considered normal units; Under a discharging command, if there are power conversion units that were previously bypassed due to overcharging, the drive pulses of the switching transistors of all power conversion units are blocked, and the overcharged units are put back into operation, i.e., they are considered normal units; In addition, by calculating the number of available power conversion units, the modulation wave obtained from the control loop is divided by the number of available stages to obtain the modulation wave of each stage. The fundamental carrier is phase-shifted based on the number of available stages, and the phase difference between adjacent stages is: Where S is the number of available levels. Optional, Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the principle of driving pulse generation for the power conversion unit according to an embodiment of this application. Furthermore, the driving pulse signal for the power conversion unit is regenerated by modulating each stage of the modulated wave and the phase-shifted carrier wave. The pulse blocking of all units is then released.

[0054] Step two involves monitoring and handling battery overcharge / over-discharge, including: continuously monitoring the voltage of each battery; under a charging command, if the battery voltage exceeds a threshold, it is considered overcharged. In this case, the drive pulses of all power conversion unit switching transistors are blocked to prevent malfunction of the switching transistors, and then the overcharge bypass stage count is increased; under a discharging command, if the battery voltage is below a threshold, it is considered over-discharged. In this case, the drive pulses of all power conversion unit switching transistors are blocked to prevent malfunction of the switching transistors, and then the over-discharge bypass stage count is increased.

[0055] Step 3: Determine the accumulated bypass stage count. Based on the accumulated result, determine the zero-level pulse switching procedure. The bypass stage count accumulation includes: under a charging command, comparing the overcharge bypass count with the bypassable count. If the overcharge bypass count is greater than the bypassable count, the system cannot continue bypassing; charging should be disabled, waiting for the power command to switch to a discharge or shutdown command. Under a discharge command, comparing the over-discharge bypass count with the bypassable count. If the over-discharge bypass count is greater than the bypassable count, the system cannot continue bypassing; discharging should be disabled, waiting for the power command to switch to a charging or shutdown command. The zero-level pulse switching includes: if the bypass stage count is less than the bypassable stage count, setting the drive pulses of the newly added power conversion unit to be bypassed to VT1 and VT3 to be on, and VT2 and VT4 to be off, resulting in a zero-level bypass state. Figure 6 This is a topology schematic diagram of a power conversion unit according to an embodiment of this application. The voltage drop V at points a and b is shown below. ab =0, the AC side is in a short-circuit state; while the circuit between c and d is always open, avoiding a short circuit on the battery side. Then, the remaining drive pulses are regenerated based on the remaining available units. After adjustment, the pulse blockade is released and operation continues, while the battery status is monitored.

[0056] It should be noted that the following aspects are the main focus during the implementation of the above optional implementation methods:

[0057] Firstly, the system determines whether a power conversion unit is operational. Under a charging command, power conversion units that were previously bypassed due to over-discharge will be reactivated; under a discharging command, power conversion units that were previously bypassed due to overcharging will be reactivated. Before reactivating, the system blocks the drive pulses of all power conversion units to prevent malfunctions, and then generates new drive pulse signals.

[0058] The second aspect involves battery status monitoring and processing. During charging, if the battery voltage or SOC exceeds a threshold, the battery is considered overcharged. During discharging, if the battery voltage or SOC falls below a threshold, the battery is considered over-discharged. In case of overcharging / over-discharging, the system blocks the drive pulses of all power conversion units to prevent malfunctions and then increments the bypass count. The system compares the overcharge / over-discharge bypass count with the bypassable count. If the bypass count exceeds the bypassable count, charging / discharging stops, awaiting power command switching or shutdown. If the bypass count does not exceed the bypassable count, the power conversion unit to be bypassed is switched to a zero-level state, a new drive pulse signal is generated, and the blockade is lifted to continue operation.

[0059] Thirdly, the zero-level state is achieved by setting the power conversion unit to be bypassed to have VT1 and VT3 turned on and VT2 and VT4 turned off, so that its AC side is in a zero-level state, thus preventing current from flowing through the overcharged / over-discharged battery.

[0060] Fourthly: Generating the drive pulse signal; calculating the number of remaining available power conversion units, adjusting the phase of the modulation waveform and the fundamental carrier, so that each stage of the modulation wave and the phase-shifted carrier are modulated to generate a new drive pulse signal. When the number of stages decreases, the modulation index needs to be increased in order to maintain the original power, but it must not exceed the upper limit to avoid overmodulation.

[0061] In summary, this application proposes a method for improving battery utilization in a cascaded high-voltage direct-connected energy storage system, through optional embodiments. The cascaded high-voltage direct-connected energy storage system consists of multiple power conversion units connected in series, with each power conversion unit corresponding to a battery cluster. When the system detects overcharging or over-discharging of a battery cluster, the corresponding power conversion unit is switched to a zero-level state, achieving a bypass effect and preventing that battery cluster from continuing to operate, while the remaining power conversion units in the same stage can still operate normally, thus improving battery utilization.

[0062] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods according to the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of the various embodiments of this application.

[0063] This embodiment also provides an adjustment device for the engagement state, which is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0064] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of an adjustment device for an engagement state according to an embodiment of this application. The device includes:

[0065] The acquisition module 72 is used to acquire real-time data corresponding to each battery cell in the energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system includes multiple power conversion units connected in series, and each power conversion unit corresponds to a battery cluster; the real-time data includes at least: the voltage corresponding to each battery cluster and the state of charge corresponding to each battery cluster.

[0066] The generation module 74 is used to determine the working state of each battery cluster based on the real-time data and generate a target pulse signal corresponding to the working state;

[0067] The adjustment module 76 is used to adjust the activation status of each battery cluster during the operation of the energy storage system using the target pulse signal.

[0068] The aforementioned device acquires real-time data corresponding to each battery cell in an energy storage system. The energy storage system includes multiple power conversion units connected in series, each power conversion unit corresponding to a battery cluster. The real-time data includes at least: the voltage and state of charge (SOC) of each battery cluster. Based on the real-time data, the device determines the operating state of each battery cluster and generates a target pulse signal corresponding to that operating state. The target pulse signal is then used to adjust the operational state of each battery cluster during the operation of the energy storage system. This technical solution addresses the problems of low battery utilization and high risk of malfunction and cost in related technologies for energy storage systems. By monitoring the state of battery clusters in real time and dynamically adjusting their operational state within the energy storage system, the operating efficiency and safety of the energy storage system are effectively improved. This solution can adaptively adjust the pulse signal based on the voltage and SOC of the battery clusters, thereby achieving refined management of the battery clusters and avoiding system performance degradation and safety hazards caused by inconsistent battery cell states. In practical applications, this method can significantly improve the energy utilization rate of energy storage systems, extend battery life, and reduce maintenance costs, providing strong technical support for large-scale energy storage applications.

[0069] In an exemplary embodiment, the above-mentioned apparatus further includes: a determining module, configured to: after adjusting the activation state of each battery cluster during the operation of the energy storage system using a target pulse signal, statistically analyze the real-time activation state of different battery clusters in the energy storage system at the same time; determine a first number of power conversion units operating in bypass mode in the energy storage system based on the real-time activation state, and determine a second number of power conversion units operating in non-bypass mode in the energy storage system; and determine whether to perform switching or shutdown processing on the energy storage system based on the first number and the second number.

[0070] In an exemplary embodiment, the determining module is further configured to determine, when the first quantity is greater than the second quantity, to perform a switching or shutdown process on the energy storage system; and to determine, when the first quantity is less than or equal to the second quantity, not to perform a switching or shutdown process on the energy storage system.

[0071] In an exemplary embodiment, the determination module further includes: a generation unit, configured to determine that after not performing switching or shutdown processing on the energy storage system, the non-bypass power conversion unit is switched to a zero-level state; and to control the power conversion unit in the zero-level state to generate a drive pulse signal, wherein the drive pulse signal is used to release the blocking management of the switching transistor in the power conversion unit.

[0072] In an exemplary embodiment, the above-described apparatus further includes: a management module, configured to continuously monitor the input voltage of each battery cluster after adjusting the input state of each battery cluster during the operation of the energy storage system using a target pulse signal; when it is determined that the energy storage system is executing a charging command, to implement blocking management for the switching transistors in the power conversion units corresponding to battery clusters with input voltages greater than a first preset voltage threshold, wherein the switching transistors are used to control the generation of the target pulse signal; and when it is determined that the energy storage system is executing a discharging command, to implement blocking management for the switching transistors in the power conversion units corresponding to battery clusters with input voltages less than a second preset voltage threshold.

[0073] In an exemplary embodiment, the above-described apparatus further includes: a pulse module, configured to: after adjusting the input state of each battery cluster during the operation of the energy storage system using a target pulse signal, record the latest operating state of different battery clusters after adjusting the input state to obtain target state information; calculate the target number of remaining available power conversion units in the energy storage system corresponding to the target state information; adjust the phase of the modulation waveform and the fundamental carrier based on the target number to obtain a target carrier; and generate a new target pulse signal based on the target carrier.

[0074] Embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps in any of the above method embodiments when run.

[0075] Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium may be configured to store a computer program for performing the following steps:

[0076] S1. Obtain real-time data corresponding to each battery cell in the energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system includes multiple power conversion units connected in series, and each power conversion unit corresponds to a battery cluster; the real-time data includes at least: the voltage corresponding to each battery cluster and the state of charge corresponding to each battery cluster.

[0077] S2. Determine the working state of each battery cluster based on the real-time data, and generate a target pulse signal corresponding to the working state;

[0078] S3. Use the target pulse signal to adjust the activation status of each battery cluster during the operation of the energy storage system.

[0079] In one exemplary embodiment, the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media capable of storing computer programs, such as a USB flash drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drive, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0080] Specific examples in this embodiment can be found in the examples described in the above embodiments and exemplary implementations, and will not be repeated here.

[0081] Embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product, including a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, performs the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0082] Embodiments of this application also provide another computer program product, including a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0083] Embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program and the processor is configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0084] Optionally, in this embodiment, the processor can be configured to perform the following steps via a computer program:

[0085] S1. Obtain real-time data corresponding to each battery cell in the energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system includes multiple power conversion units connected in series, and each power conversion unit corresponds to a battery cluster; the real-time data includes at least: the voltage corresponding to each battery cluster and the state of charge corresponding to each battery cluster.

[0086] S2. Determine the working state of each battery cluster based on the real-time data, and generate a target pulse signal corresponding to the working state;

[0087] S3. Use the target pulse signal to adjust the activation status of each battery cluster during the operation of the energy storage system.

[0088] In one exemplary embodiment, the electronic device may further include a transmission device and an input / output device, wherein the transmission device is connected to the processor and the input / output device is connected to the processor.

[0089] Specific examples in this embodiment can be found in the examples described in the above embodiments and exemplary implementations, and will not be repeated here.

[0090] Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the modules or steps of this application described above can be implemented using general-purpose computing devices. They can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. They can be implemented using computer-executable program code, and thus can be stored in a storage device for execution by a computing device. In some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a different order than those presented here, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, this application is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0091] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting the input state, characterized in that, include: The system acquires real-time data corresponding to each battery cell in the energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system includes multiple power conversion units connected in series, and each power conversion unit corresponds to a battery cluster; the real-time data includes at least: the voltage corresponding to each battery cluster and the state of charge corresponding to each battery cluster. The operating status of each battery cluster is determined based on the real-time data, and a target pulse signal corresponding to the operating status is generated. The target pulse signal is used to adjust the activation status of each battery cluster during the operation of the energy storage system; The method further includes, after adjusting the operational status of each battery cluster during energy storage system operation using the target pulse signal: Continuously monitor the input voltage of each battery cluster; When it is determined that the energy storage system executes a charging command, the switching transistors in the power conversion units corresponding to the battery clusters whose input voltage is greater than a first preset voltage threshold are blocked, wherein the switching transistors are used to control the generation of target pulse signals; When the energy storage system is determined to execute a discharge command, the switching transistors in the power conversion unit corresponding to the battery cluster whose input voltage is less than the second preset voltage threshold are locked.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After adjusting the operational status of each battery cluster during energy storage system operation using the target pulse signal, the method further includes: The real-time operational status of different battery clusters in the energy storage system at the same time is statistically analyzed. Based on the real-time activation status, determine the first number of power conversion units in the energy storage system that are operating in bypass mode, and determine the second number of power conversion units in the energy storage system that are operating in non-bypass mode. Based on the first quantity and the second quantity, determine whether to perform a switching or shutdown process on the energy storage system.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Determining whether to perform a switching or shutdown process on the energy storage system based on the first quantity and the second quantity includes: If the first quantity is greater than the second quantity, it is determined that the energy storage system should be switched or shut down. If the first quantity is less than or equal to the second quantity, it is determined that no switching or shutdown process will be performed on the energy storage system.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, After determining that no switching or shutdown process will be performed on the energy storage system, the method further includes: Switch the non-bypass power conversion unit to a zero-level state; The power conversion unit, which is in a zero-level state, generates a drive pulse signal, wherein the drive pulse signal is used to release the blocking management of the switching transistor in the power conversion unit.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After adjusting the operational status of each battery cluster during energy storage system operation using the target pulse signal, the method further includes: Record the latest working status of different battery clusters after adjusting their input status to obtain target status information; Calculate the target number of remaining available power conversion units in the energy storage system corresponding to the target state information; The target carrier is obtained by adjusting the phase of the modulation waveform and the fundamental carrier based on the target quantity; A new target pulse signal is generated based on the target carrier.

6. An adjustment device for an engaged state, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire real-time data corresponding to each battery cell in the energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system includes multiple power conversion units connected in series, and each power conversion unit corresponds to a battery cluster; the real-time data includes at least: the voltage corresponding to each battery cluster and the state of charge corresponding to each battery cluster. The generation module is used to determine the working state of each battery cluster based on the real-time data and generate a target pulse signal corresponding to the working state. An adjustment module is used to adjust the activation status of each battery cluster during the operation of the energy storage system using the target pulse signal; The device further includes: a management module, used to continuously monitor the input voltage of each battery cluster after adjusting the input state of each battery cluster during the operation of the energy storage system using a target pulse signal; when it is determined that the energy storage system is executing a charging command, to block the switching transistors in the power conversion units corresponding to battery clusters with input voltages greater than a first preset voltage threshold, wherein the switching transistors are used to control the generation of the target pulse signal; and when it is determined that the energy storage system is executing a discharging command, to block the switching transistors in the power conversion units corresponding to battery clusters with input voltages less than a second preset voltage threshold.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein the program, when executed, performs the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that, The memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the method of any one of claims 1 to 5 through the computer program.

9. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.

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