A device and method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of a micro-scale charge

Abstract

The application discloses a device and method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of a micro-scale charge, and belongs to the technical field of detonation performance testing of energetic materials. The device comprises a laser, a charge system, a detonation velocity testing system and a detonation pressure testing system. The charge system comprises a charge clamp, a sample accommodating groove and a sample ring. The sample accommodating groove is fixed in the charge clamp, and the sample ring is assembled in the sample accommodating groove. The detonation velocity testing system comprises a probe, a direct current power supply and an oscilloscope. The detonation pressure testing system comprises an optical fiber and a photon Doppler velocity tester. In use, the sample to be tested is pressed into the sample ring, the probe is embedded between the two sample rings, and the sample to be tested is initiated by using the energy provided by the laser. The detonation velocity and detonation pressure of the sample to be tested can be simultaneously measured. The sample quantity required for a single shot experiment is less than 200 mg, the sample consumption is greatly reduced compared with the traditional testing method, and the testing safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of energetic material detonation performance testing technology, specifically relating to a device and method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of microscale charges. Background Technology

[0002] Microscale charges refer to charges whose dimensions are close to the critical diameter of the explosive and can ensure the stable propagation of its detonation wave. Detonation velocity refers to the speed at which the detonation wave propagates stably in the explosive, and detonation pressure refers to the Chapman-Jouguet (CJ) pressure generated by the stable detonation of the explosive. Both are important and intuitive parameters for measuring the performance of explosives and characterizing the detonation process.

[0003] Currently, my country's national military standards for testing the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of explosives are based on conventional explosives. This requires large quantities of explosives, places high demands on the safety and protection characteristics of the testing environment, and involves large and complex testing equipment, necessitating spacious testing areas. Therefore, there are many limitations in testing the performance of some new explosives. For example, the initial production volume of new explosives is low, making it impossible to meet the required testing quantities. Furthermore, their various performance parameters are not yet fully understood, and conducting large-quantity tests carries a high risk of accidents.

[0004] In addition, existing traditional testing methods mostly involve conducting detonation velocity and detonation pressure tests separately, which cannot guarantee the consistency of the sample density, porosity and other characteristics used in the two tests. Random errors have a significant impact on the test results, resulting in low correlation of the measured data and affecting the reliability of the test results. Furthermore, the amount of sample used increases exponentially, the testing efficiency is low, and unnecessary waste is caused. Summary of the Invention

[0005] 1. Purpose of the invention The purpose of this invention is to provide an apparatus and method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of microscale explosives, so that in the testing of the detonation performance of explosives, especially new explosives, the detonation velocity and detonation pressure can be measured simultaneously using a charge of less than 200 mg, thereby further determining their performance. This improves the safety of the test while reducing the amount of explosive used in the testing process.

[0006] 2. Technical Solution To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: This application provides a device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of a microscale charge, the device comprising: Laser, charging system, detonation velocity testing system, and detonation pressure testing system. in: The propellant loading system includes a propellant clamp, a sample receiving slot, a PC window, a sample ring, and a LiF window coated with an Al film, wherein: The loading clamp includes a first clamping part and a second clamping part. The center of the first clamping part and the second clamping part are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole. The opposite surfaces of the first clamping part and the second clamping part are respectively provided with a first groove and a second groove. The sample container is a cylindrical body with openings at both ends and one side. The PC window is cylindrical and its diameter is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the sample receiving groove; The sample ring is a cylindrical body with a probe groove, and its outer diameter is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the sample receiving groove. The probe groove is engraved on one side of the sample ring to ensure a tight fit between the probe and the sample surface, and between the sample surface of a single sample ring. A PC window, multiple sample rings, and an Al-coated LiF window are sequentially assembled in a sample receiving slot. The sample receiving slot is located within the first and second grooves of the explosive loading fixture, thus fixing the sample receiving slot to the explosive loading fixture. The centers of the first through-hole, the sample receiving slot, and the second through-hole are located on the same straight line. The first clamping part and the second clamping part are fixedly connected. The PC window serves as a front-end constraint, and the Al-coated LiF window is used to reflect the light signals directed towards the explosive and the window interface. The detonation velocity testing system includes a probe, a DC power supply, and an oscilloscope, among which: The probe is assembled in the probe slot, with its endpoint located at the center of the sample ring 9. It is led out through the side opening of the sample receiving slot and forms a burst velocity test circuit with the DC power supply and oscilloscope. The burst pressure testing system includes optical fiber and a photon Doppler velocity meter, among which: An optical fiber is installed in the second through hole and connected to a photon Doppler velocity meter to output signals to the photon Doppler velocity meter.

[0007] Furthermore, the aforementioned laser is an Nd:YAG solid-state laser.

[0008] Furthermore, the length of the sample receiving groove is 14 mm to 16 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the length of the aforementioned PC window is 3mm~6mm: Furthermore, the inner diameter of the sample ring is 2 mm to 5 mm, and the thickness is 1 mm to 2 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, multiple sample rings are provided, with a total (charge) length of 3 mm to 10 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, 3 to 5 sample rings are set up as described above.

[0012] Furthermore, the sample rings mentioned above are made of 316 stainless steel.

[0013] Furthermore, the depth × width dimensions of the probe groove are 0.2 mm × 0.4 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the thickness of the Al film in the LiF window coated with the Al film is 300 μm to 700 μm.

[0015] Furthermore, the length of the LiF window coated with the Al film is 3 mm to 5 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the first clamping part and the second clamping part are fixedly connected by screws.

[0017] Furthermore, the probe consists of two enameled copper wires with a diameter of 0.2 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, the aforementioned DC power supply is a constant voltage source, stably outputting a 3V voltage. Its function is to provide a stable voltage within the voltage range (less than 5V) that the oscilloscope can withstand to the detonation velocity test circuit, ensuring the stability of the rising edge of the voltage signal acquired by the oscilloscope.

[0019] This application also provides the application of the above-mentioned device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of microscale charges in the measurement of the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of microscale charges.

[0020] Furthermore, the above applications include: S1: Select a sample ring with an appropriate inner diameter based on the critical diameter of the sample to be tested; S2: Press the sample to be tested into the sample ring; S3: Assemble the probe into the probe slot of the sample ring; S4: Assemble the PC window, multiple sample rings and the LiF window coated with Al film in sequence into the sample receiving groove, and fix the sample receiving groove in the drug loading fixture; S5: Use the energy output from the laser to detonate the sample under test. S6: Calculation of Detonation Velocity and Detonation Pressure Explosive speed: The plasma generated after the explosion of a single sample ring will conduct the probes assembled on each sample ring. Together with the oscilloscope and DC power supply, it forms a closed loop, generating a corresponding voltage signal on the oscilloscope. Based on the time difference Δt of the voltage signals of each channel and the thickness a of a single sample ring, the detonation velocity D of a single sample ring can be calculated according to formula (1):

[0021] Where: D is the detonation velocity in m / s; a is the thickness of a single sample ring in mm; Δt is the oscilloscope signal time difference in ms; Explosive pressure: First, the optical signal generated after the explosion of the sample in a single sample ring is transmitted to the photon Doppler velocity meter through the second through hole of the charge fixture via an optical fiber. After processing such as short-time Fourier transform, the apparent particle velocity curve of the interface is obtained, and the apparent particle velocity u0 of the interface is obtained. According to formula (2), the refractive index of the LiF window coated with Al film is corrected to obtain the true particle velocity u of the interface. After the sample explodes, the detonation wave impacts the Al film of the LiF window. Due to the Doppler effect, the frequency of the laser reflected by the Al film will change. By measuring the frequency difference between the incident laser and the reflected laser using the photon Doppler velocimetry system, the particle velocity history of the interface between the explosive and the window can be obtained, that is, the apparent particle velocity curve of the interface. Since the emissivity of the LiF window coated with Al film will change under the action of the shock wave, an additional Doppler frequency shift is introduced. Therefore, the apparent particle velocity u0 measured in the experiment needs to be corrected according to formula (2) to obtain the true particle velocity u:

[0022] Where: u is the actual particle velocity at the interface, in m / s; u0 is the apparent particle velocity at the interface, in m / s.

[0023] Secondly, the detonation pressure of the explosive reaction zone is calculated using the impact impedance matching method. When the detonation velocity of a sample ring remains stable with that of the previous sample ring, it is considered to have reached a stable detonation. The detonation velocity D is substituted into the formula (3) to calculate the sample detonation pressure P:

[0024] Where: P is the sample detonation pressure, in Pa; u is the actual particle velocity at the interface, in m / s; D is the detonation velocity, in m / s; To determine the density of the LiF window coated with an Al film, take... ; The density of the sample to be tested is expressed in units of... ; and The Hugoniot parameter of the LiF window 5 coated with an Al film is taken as follows: , .

[0025] Furthermore, the density of the sample after compression is 70% to 98% of the theoretical density of the sample.

[0026] Furthermore, the density of the sample after compression is 80% to 98% of the theoretical density of the sample.

[0027] Furthermore, the density of the sample after compression is 85% to 98% of the theoretical density of the sample.

[0028] This application also provides an apparatus and method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of a micro-scale charge. The method utilizes the aforementioned apparatus for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of a micro-scale charge, specifically including: S1: Select a sample ring with an appropriate inner diameter based on the critical diameter of the sample to be tested; S2: Press the sample to be tested into the sample ring; S3: Assemble the probe into the probe slot of the sample ring; S4: Assemble the PC window, multiple sample rings and the LiF window coated with Al film in sequence into the sample receiving groove, and fix the sample receiving groove in the drug loading fixture; S5: Use the energy output from the laser to detonate the sample under test. S6: Calculation of Detonation Velocity and Detonation Pressure Explosive speed: The plasma generated after the explosion of a single sample ring will conduct the probes assembled on each sample ring. Together with the oscilloscope and DC power supply, it forms a closed loop, generating a corresponding voltage signal on the oscilloscope. Based on the time difference Δt of the voltage signals of each channel and the thickness a of a single sample ring, the detonation velocity D of a single sample ring can be calculated according to formula (1):

[0029] Where: D is the detonation velocity in m / s; a is the thickness of a single sample ring in mm; Δt is the oscilloscope signal time difference in ms; Explosive pressure: First, the optical signal generated after the explosion of the sample in a single sample ring is transmitted to the photon Doppler velocity meter through the second through hole of the charge fixture via an optical fiber. After processing such as short-time Fourier transform, the apparent particle velocity curve of the interface is obtained, and the apparent particle velocity u0 of the interface is obtained. According to formula (2), the refractive index of the LiF window coated with Al film is corrected to obtain the true particle velocity u of the interface. After the sample explodes, the detonation wave impacts the Al film of the LiF window. Due to the Doppler effect, the frequency of the laser reflected by the Al film will change. By measuring the frequency difference between the incident laser and the reflected laser using the photon Doppler velocimetry system, the particle velocity history of the interface between the explosive and the window can be obtained, that is, the apparent particle velocity curve of the interface. Since the emissivity of the LiF window coated with Al film will change under the action of the shock wave, an additional Doppler frequency shift is introduced. Therefore, the apparent particle velocity u0 measured in the experiment needs to be corrected according to formula (2) to obtain the true particle velocity u:

[0030] Where: u is the actual particle velocity at the interface, in m / s; u0 is the apparent particle velocity at the interface, in m / s.

[0031] Secondly, the detonation pressure of the explosive reaction zone is calculated using the impact impedance matching method. When the detonation velocity of a sample ring remains stable with that of the previous sample ring, it is considered to have reached a stable detonation. The detonation velocity D is substituted into the formula (3) to calculate the sample detonation pressure P:

[0032] Where: P is the sample detonation pressure, in Pa; u is the actual particle velocity at the interface, in m / s; D is the detonation velocity, in m / s; To determine the density of the LiF window coated with an Al film, take... ; The density of the sample to be tested is expressed in units of... ; and The Hugoniot parameter of the LiF window 5 coated with an Al film is taken as follows: , .

[0033] Furthermore, the density of the sample after compression is 70% to 98% of the theoretical density of the sample.

[0034] Furthermore, the density of the sample after compression is 80% to 98% of the theoretical density of the sample.

[0035] Furthermore, the density of the sample after compression is 85% to 98% of the theoretical density of the sample.

[0036] 3. Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this application are as follows: (1) The device and method for simultaneously determining the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of microscale charges provided in this application are applicable to sample charge amounts of less than 200 mg. Compared with the test method mentioned in the National Military Standard, the amount of charge used is greatly reduced, which greatly reduces the burden of charge usage. At the same time, the test under microscale charge conditions also greatly improves the safety of the test.

[0037] (2) The present application provides an apparatus and method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges. Compared with the detonation velocity and detonation pressure test apparatus mentioned in the national military standard, the apparatus is simpler, has a lower processing cost, and has a smaller overall size, with lower requirements for the safety protection characteristics and site size of the test environment.

[0038] (3) The device and method provided in this application for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges can simultaneously measure the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of the sample, reducing the number of experiments and improving the testing efficiency and the correlation of the test data.

[0039] (4) The device and method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of a micro-scale charge provided in this application have high accuracy and small error in measuring particle velocity by photon Doppler velocimeter (PDV), and then the detonation pressure can be calculated. The test results have strong repeatability and high reproducibility. Furthermore, due to the propagation characteristics of the detonation wave, the circumferential detonation wave of the charge is greatly affected by the lateral rarefaction wave. The detonation velocity test probe of this application is located in the center of the charge, so the measured detonation velocity will be more accurate. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of a micro-scale charge.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a loading clamp.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sample container.

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a single sample ring (left) with probe grooves and a single sample ring (right) with probes and samples assembled.

[0044] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the probe trigger signal for a TNT sample.

[0045] Figure 6 This is a velocity history diagram of apparent particles at the interface of a TNT sample (raw image data).

[0046] Figure 7 This is a graph showing the apparent particle velocity profile at the interface of the TNT sample.

[0047] Figure 8 This is a diagram of the trigger signal for the CL-20 sample probe.

[0048] Figure 9 The apparent particle velocity history diagram of the CL-20 sample interface (raw image data).

[0049] Figure 10 The graph shows the apparent particle velocity curves at the interface of the CL-20 sample.

[0050] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Oscilloscope, 2-Drug loading clamp, 3-Sample receiving slot, 4-Photon Doppler velocity meter, 5-LiF window coated with Al film, 6-PC window, 7-Laser, 8-Fiber optic cable, 9-Sample ring, 10-Probe, 11-DC power supply, 12-Probe slot, 13-Sample, 211-First clamping part, 221-Second clamping part, 212-First through hole, 222-Second through hole, 213-First groove, 223-Second groove. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The present application will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0052] It should be noted that terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and "middle" used in this specification are only for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered as within the scope of this application.

[0053] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the term “and / or” as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0054] Unless otherwise specified in the examples, the procedures should be performed under standard conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available products.

[0055] As used herein, the term “about” is used to provide for the flexibility and imprecision associated with a given term, measure, or value. Those skilled in the art can readily determine the degree of flexibility for a particular variable. As used herein, the term “at least one of…” is intended to be synonymous with “one or more of…”. For example, “at least one of A, B, and C” explicitly includes only A, only B, only C, and combinations thereof. Density, quantity, and other numerical data may be presented in range format herein. It should be understood that such range format is used solely for convenience and brevity and should be flexibly interpreted to include not only the values ​​explicitly stated as the limits of the range, but also all individual values ​​or subranges encompassed within the range, as if each value and subrange were explicitly stated. For example, a range of values ​​from about 1 to about 4.5 should be interpreted to include not only the explicitly stated limits of 1 to 4.5, but also individual numbers (such as 2, 3, 4) and subranges (such as 1 to 3, 2 to 4, etc.). The same principle applies to ranges that describe only a single value, such as "less than about 4.5," which should be interpreted to include all the aforementioned values ​​and ranges. Furthermore, this interpretation should apply regardless of the breadth of the range or characteristic described.

[0056] Example 1 This embodiment provides a device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of microscale explosive charges.

[0057] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the device includes a laser 7, a charging system, a detonation velocity testing system, and a detonation pressure testing system, wherein: The propellant loading system includes a propellant clamp 2, a sample receiving slot 3, a PC window 6, a sample ring 9, and a LiF window coated with an Al film 5, wherein: The loading clamp 2 includes a first clamping part 211 and a second clamping part 221. The center of the first clamping part 211 and the second clamping part 221 are respectively provided with a first through hole 212 and a second through hole 222. The opposite surfaces of the first clamping part 211 and the second clamping part 221 are respectively provided with a first groove 213 and a second groove 223. The sample receiving groove 3 is a circular cylinder with openings at both ends and one side, and its length is 14 mm to 16 mm. The PC window 6 is cylindrical and its diameter is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the sample receiving groove 3, and its length is 3 mm to 6 mm. The sample ring 9 is a cylindrical body with probe grooves 12. Its outer diameter is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the sample receiving groove 3. Its inner diameter is 2 mm to 5 mm and its thickness is 1 mm to 2 mm. Multiple rings are provided, and their total (charge) length is 3 mm to 10 mm. The depth × width of the probe groove 12 is 0.2 mm × 0.4 mm. The sample ring 9 is made of 316 stainless steel. In the LiF window 5 coated with an Al film, the thickness of the Al film is 300 μm to 700 μm, and its length is 3 mm to 5 mm. The PC window 6, multiple sample rings 9, and the LiF window 5 coated with an Al film are sequentially assembled in the sample receiving groove 3. The sample receiving groove 3 is located in the first groove 213 and the second groove 223 of the explosive loading clamp 2, so that the sample receiving groove 3 is fixed to the explosive loading clamp 2. The centers of the first through hole 212, the sample receiving groove 3, and the second through hole 222 are located on the same straight line. The first clamping part 211 and the second clamping part 221 are fixedly connected (e.g., with screws). The PC window 6 serves as a front-end constraint, and the LiF window 5 coated with an Al film is used to reflect the light signals directed toward the explosive and the window interface. The detonation velocity testing system includes a probe 10, a DC power supply 11, and an oscilloscope 1, wherein: The probe 10 consists of two enameled copper wires with a diameter of 0.2 mm; DC power supply 11 is a constant voltage source that stably outputs 3V voltage. Its function is to provide a stable voltage within the voltage range (less than 5V) that oscilloscope 1 can withstand to the detonation velocity test circuit, so as to ensure the stability of the rising edge of the voltage signal acquired by oscilloscope 1. The probe 10 is assembled in the probe slot 12, and its end point is located at the center of the sample ring 9. It is led out through the side opening of the sample receiving slot 3 and forms a burst velocity test circuit with the DC power supply 11 and the oscilloscope 1. The burst pressure testing system includes an optical fiber 8 and a photon Doppler velocity meter 4, wherein: The optical fiber 8 is located in the second through hole 222 and connected to the photon Doppler velocity meter 4, and is used to output signals to the photon Doppler velocity meter 4.

[0058] Example 2 This embodiment provides an application of the device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of a micro-scale charge, as described in Embodiment 1, i.e., a method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of a micro-scale charge. Specifically, it includes: S1: Select a sample ring 9 with an appropriate inner diameter based on the critical diameter of the sample 13 to be tested; S2: Press the sample to be tested 13 into the sample ring 9; after pressing, the density of the sample to be tested is 80%~98% of the theoretical density of the sample to be tested; S3: Assemble the probe 10 into the probe groove 12 of the sample ring 9, with the probe tip located at the center of the sample ring 9; S4: The PC window 6, multiple sample rings 9 and the LiF window 5 coated with Al film are sequentially assembled into the sample receiving groove 3, and the sample receiving groove 3 is fixed in the drug loading fixture 2. S5: Use the energy output from laser 7 to detonate the sample under test 13; S6: Calculation of Detonation Velocity and Detonation Pressure Explosive speed: The plasma generated after the explosion of a single sample ring 9 will conduct the probes 10 assembled on each sample ring 9. Together with the oscilloscope 1 and the DC power supply 11, they form a closed loop, generating a corresponding voltage signal on the oscilloscope 1. Based on the time difference Δt of the voltage signals of each channel and the thickness a of a single sample ring 9, the detonation velocity D of a single sample ring sample 13 can be calculated according to formula (1):

[0059] Where: D is the detonation velocity in m / s; a is the thickness of a single sample ring in mm; Δt is the oscilloscope signal time difference in ms; Explosive pressure: First, the light signal generated after the explosion of the sample 13 in the single sample ring 9 is transmitted to the photon Doppler velocity meter 4 through the second through hole 222 of the charge clamp 2 via the optical fiber 8. After processing such as short-time Fourier transform, the apparent particle velocity curve of the interface is obtained, and the apparent particle velocity u0 of the interface is obtained. According to formula (2), the refractive index of the LiF window 5 coated with Al film is corrected to obtain the true particle velocity u of the interface. After the explosion of the sample 13, the detonation wave impacts the Al film of the LiF window. Due to the Doppler effect, the frequency of the laser reflected by the Al film will change. By measuring the frequency difference between the incident laser and the reflected laser using the photon Doppler velocimetry system, the particle velocity history of the interface between the explosive and the window can be obtained, that is, the apparent particle velocity curve of the interface. Since the refractive index of the LiF window 5 coated with Al film will change under the action of the shock wave, an additional Doppler frequency shift is introduced. Therefore, the apparent particle velocity u0 measured in the experiment needs to be corrected according to formula (2) to obtain the true particle velocity u:

[0060] Where: u is the actual particle velocity at the interface, in m / s; u0 is the apparent particle velocity at the interface, in m / s.

[0061] Secondly, the detonation pressure of the explosive reaction zone is calculated using the impact impedance matching method. When the detonation velocity of a sample ring remains stable with that of the previous sample ring, it is considered to have reached a stable detonation. The detonation velocity D is substituted into the formula (3) to calculate the sample detonation pressure P:

[0062] Where: P is the sample detonation pressure, in Pa; u is the actual particle velocity at the interface, in m / s; D is the detonation velocity, in m / s; To determine the density of the LiF window coated with an Al film, take... ; The density of the sample to be tested is expressed in units of... ; and The Hugoniot parameter of the LiF window 5 coated with an Al film is taken as follows: , .

[0063] Example 3 This embodiment provides a device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of microscale explosive charges.

[0064] Refer to Example 1 and Figures 1-4 As shown in this embodiment, an apparatus for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of a microscale charge includes a laser 7, a charging system, a detonation velocity testing system, and a detonation pressure testing system, wherein: Laser 7 is an Nd:YAG solid-state laser; The propellant loading system includes a propellant clamp 2, a sample receiving slot 3, a PC window 6, a sample ring 9, and a LiF window coated with an Al film 5, wherein: The loading clamp 2 includes a first clamping part 211 and a second clamping part 221. The center of the first clamping part 211 and the second clamping part 221 are respectively provided with a first through hole 212 and a second through hole 222. The opposite surfaces of the first clamping part 211 and the second clamping part 221 are respectively provided with a first groove 213 and a second groove 223. The sample receiving groove 3 is a cylindrical body with openings at both ends and one side, and its length is 15.5 mm. The length of the sample receiving groove is slightly less than the sum of the PC window 6, the total (charge) length and the total length of the LiF window 5 coated with Al film, so as to ensure that each sample ring 9 is in close contact when the charge clamp 2 is holding it. The PC window 6 is cylindrical with a diameter less than or equal to the inner diameter of the sample receiving groove 3, and its length is 6 mm. The sample ring 9 is a cylindrical body with probe grooves 12. Its outer diameter is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the sample receiving groove 3. The inner diameter is 2 mm to 5 mm and the thickness is 1.5 mm. Four probe grooves are provided, and the total (charge) length is 6 mm. The depth × width of the probe groove 12 is 0.2 mm × 0.4 mm. The sample ring 9 is made of 316 stainless steel. The Al film in the LiF window 5 coated with Al film has a thickness of 500 μm and a length of 4 mm. The PC window 6, multiple sample rings 9, and the LiF window 5 coated with an Al film are sequentially assembled in the sample receiving groove 3. The sample receiving groove 3 is located in the first groove 213 and the second groove 223 of the explosive loading clamp 2, so that the sample receiving groove 3 is fixed to the explosive loading clamp 2. The centers of the first through hole 212, the sample receiving groove 3, and the second through hole 222 are located on the same straight line. The first clamping part 211 and the second clamping part 221 are fixedly connected (e.g., with screws). The PC window 6 serves as a front-end constraint, and the LiF window 5 coated with an Al film is used to reflect the light signals directed toward the explosive and the window interface. The detonation velocity testing system includes a probe 10, a DC power supply 11, and an oscilloscope 1, wherein: The probe 10 consists of two enameled copper wires with a diameter of 0.2 mm; DC power supply 11 is a constant voltage source; The probe 10 is assembled in the probe slot 12, with its endpoint located at the center of the sample ring 9. It is led out through the side opening of the sample receiving slot 3 and forms a detonation velocity test circuit with the DC power supply 11 and the oscilloscope 1 (manufacturer: Tektronix; model: DPO 7104). The burst pressure testing system includes an optical fiber 8 and a photon Doppler velocity meter 4, wherein: Fiber 8 (manufacturer: OZ OPTICS; model: LPF-01-1550-9) is located in the second through hole 222 and connected to the photon Doppler velocity meter 4 for outputting signals to the photon Doppler velocity meter 4.

[0065] Example 4 This embodiment provides a method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of microscale explosive charges.

[0066] In this embodiment, the sample to be tested is 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), that is, the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) are measured simultaneously.

[0067] In this embodiment, the method is based on a device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of microscale charges as described in Example 3.

[0068] Specifically, it includes: S1: Considering the critical diameter of TNT, this embodiment selects sample ring 9 with an inner diameter of 3 mm, an outer diameter of 6 mm, and a thickness of 1.5 mm. A total of 4 sample rings are set, and their total (charge) length is 6 mm. S2: The TNT sample to be tested is pressed into sample ring 9, with a pressing density of 1.62±0.02 g / cm³. 3 The total sample volume was 68.7 mg; S3: Assemble four probes 10 into the probe slots 12 of four sample rings 9, with the endpoints of the probes 12 located at the center of the sample rings 9; S4: The PC window 6, the four sample rings 9 and the LiF window 5 coated with Al film are sequentially assembled into the sample receiving groove 3, and the sample receiving groove 3 is fixed in the drug loading fixture 2. S5: Use the energy output from laser 7 to detonate the TNT sample under test; S6: Calculation of Detonation Velocity and Detonation Pressure Explosive speed: When a sample ring 9 explodes, the plasma generated will conduct the probes 10 assembled on each sample ring 9. Together with the oscilloscope 1 and the DC power supply 11, they form a closed loop, generating a corresponding voltage signal on the oscilloscope 1. The resulting oscilloscope probe signal trigger curve is shown in the appendix. Figure 5 ; From the appendix Figure 5 We know that: t1 = -9.8 ns, t2 = 199.4 ns, t3 = 395.8 ns, t4 = 591.8 ns, where t n This represents the trigger time of the nth channel; given the sample ring thickness a = 1.5 mm, according to formula (1), we can calculate: D1 = 7170 m / s, D2 = 7637 m / s, D3 = 7653 m / s, where: Dn This indicates the detonation velocity of the nth sample ring, starting from the probe in channel 1. Explosive pressure: The optical signal generated after the explosion of a single sample ring 9 is transmitted through the second through-hole 222 of the charge holder to the photon Doppler velocity meter 4 via optical fiber 8. After processing such as short-time Fourier transform, the apparent particle velocity curve of the interface is obtained. The obtained apparent particle velocity curve of the interface (original image data) is attached. Figure 6 The apparent particle velocity curves at the sample interface are shown in the appendix. Figure 7 The apparent particle velocity u0 of the interface is obtained, and the refractive index of the LiF window 5 coated with Al film is corrected according to formula (2) to obtain the actual particle velocity u of the interface. From the appendix Figure 7 It can be seen that the velocity of the particles at point CJ on the apparent interface of the sample is u. 0CJ =1280 m / s, and the velocity u of the particles at point CJ on the actual interface of the sample can be calculated according to formula (2). CJ =1010 m / s; The detonation pressure of the explosive reaction zone was calculated using the impact impedance matching method. From the above calculation, it can be seen that the sample ring before the third sample ring maintains a stable detonation velocity, which can be considered as reaching a stable detonation. Taking the detonation velocity D=7653 m / s as the input, the detonation pressure P=15.0 GPa of the TNT sample at the microscale can be calculated according to formula (3).

[0069] Example 5 This embodiment provides a method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of microscale explosive charges.

[0070] In this embodiment, the sample to be tested is hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzite (CL-20), that is, the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzite (CL-20) are measured simultaneously.

[0071] Referring to Example 4, it specifically includes: S1: Considering the critical diameter of CL-20, this embodiment selects sample ring 9 with an inner diameter of 3 mm, an outer diameter of 6 mm, and a thickness of 1.5 mm. A total of 4 sample rings are set, and their total (charge) length is 6 mm. S2: Press the CL-20 sample to be tested into the sample ring, with a pressing density of 1.81 ± 0.02 g / cm³. 3 The total sample volume was 76.8 mg; S3: Assemble four probes 10 into the probe slots 12 of four sample rings 9, with the endpoints of the probes 12 located at the center of the sample rings 9; S4: The PC window 6, the four sample rings 9 and the LiF window 5 coated with Al film are sequentially assembled into the sample receiving groove 3, and the sample receiving groove 3 is fixed in the drug loading fixture 2. S5: Use the energy output from laser 7 to detonate the test sample CL-20; S6: Calculation of Detonation Velocity and Detonation Pressure Explosive speed: When a sample ring 9 explodes, the plasma generated will conduct the probes 10 assembled on each sample ring 9. Together with the oscilloscope 1 and the DC power supply 11, they form a closed loop, generating a corresponding voltage signal on the oscilloscope 1. The resulting oscilloscope probe signal trigger curve is shown in the appendix. Figure 8 ; From the appendix Figure 8 We know that: t1 = -30.4 ns, t2 = 194.6 ns, t3 = 371.4 ns, t4 = 547.8 ns, where t n This represents the trigger time of the nth channel; given the sample ring thickness a = 1.5 mm, according to formula (1), we can calculate: D1 = 6667 m / s, D2 = 8484 m / s, D3 = 8503 m / s, where: D n This indicates the detonation velocity of the nth sample ring, starting from the probe in channel 1. Explosive pressure: The optical signal generated after the explosion of a single sample ring 9 is transmitted through the second through-hole 222 of the charge holder to the photon Doppler velocity meter 4 via optical fiber 8. After processing such as short-time Fourier transform, the apparent particle velocity curve of the interface is obtained. The obtained apparent particle velocity curve of the interface (original image data) is attached. Figure 9 The apparent particle velocity curves at the sample interface are shown in the appendix. Figure 10 The apparent particle velocity u0 of the interface is obtained, and the refractive index of the LiF window 5 coated with Al film is corrected according to formula (2) to obtain the actual particle velocity u of the interface. From the appendix Figure 10 It can be seen that the velocity of the particles at point CJ on the apparent interface of the sample is u. 0CJ =1522 m / s, and the velocity u of the particles at point CJ on the actual interface of the sample can be calculated according to formula (2). CJ =1201 m / s; The detonation pressure of the explosive reaction zone was calculated using the impact impedance matching method. From the above calculation, it can be seen that the sample ring before the third sample ring maintains a stable detonation velocity, which can be considered as reaching a stable detonation. Taking the detonation velocity D=8503 m / s as the input, the detonation pressure P=20.0 GPa of the CL-20 sample at the microscale can be calculated according to formula (3).

[0072] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the invention by those skilled in the art. All modifications and variations made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of a microscale explosive charge, characterized in that, The device includes: Laser, charging system, detonation velocity testing system, and detonation pressure testing system. in: The propellant loading system includes a propellant clamp, a sample receiving slot, a PC window, a sample ring, and a LiF window coated with an Al film, wherein: The loading clamp includes a first clamping part and a second clamping part. The center of the first clamping part and the second clamping part are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole. The opposite surfaces of the first clamping part and the second clamping part are respectively provided with a first groove and a second groove. The sample container is a cylindrical body with openings at both ends and one side. The PC window is cylindrical and its diameter is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the sample receiving groove; The sample ring is a cylindrical body with a probe groove, the outer diameter of which is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the sample receiving groove. A probe groove is engraved on one side of the sample ring to ensure a tight fit between the probe and the sample surface, and between the sample surfaces of individual sample rings. The depth × width of the probe groove is 0.2 mm × 0.4 mm. The probe consists of two 0.2 mm diameter enameled copper wires. The length of the sample receiving groove is 14 mm to 16 mm; and / or the thickness of the sample ring is 1 mm to 2 mm. The total length of the sample ring is 3 mm to 10 mm; the inner diameter of the sample ring is 2 mm to 5 mm. A PC window, multiple sample rings, and an Al-coated LiF window are sequentially assembled in a sample receiving slot. The sample receiving slot is located within the first and second grooves of the explosive loading fixture, thus fixing the sample receiving slot to the explosive loading fixture. The centers of the first through-hole, the sample receiving slot, and the second through-hole are aligned on the same straight line. The first clamping part and the second clamping part are fixedly connected. The PC window serves as a front-end constraint, and the Al-coated LiF window is used to reflect light signals directed towards the explosive and the window interface. The Al film thickness in the LiF window is 300 μm to 700 μm. The detonation velocity testing system includes a probe, a DC power supply, and an oscilloscope, among which: The probe is assembled in the probe slot, with its endpoint located at the center of the sample ring. It is led out through the side opening of the sample receiving slot and forms a detonation velocity test circuit with the DC power supply and oscilloscope. The burst pressure testing system includes optical fiber and a photon Doppler velocity meter, among which: An optical fiber is installed in the second through hole and connected to a photon Doppler velocity meter to output signals to the photon Doppler velocity meter.

2. A method for simultaneously determining the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of a microscale charge, characterized in that, The method is based on the device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of a microscale charge as described in claim 1, and specifically includes: S1: Select a sample ring with an appropriate inner diameter based on the critical diameter of the sample to be tested; S2: Press the sample to be tested into the sample ring; S3: Assemble the probe into the probe slot of the sample ring, with the endpoint located at the center of the sample ring; S4: Assemble the PC window, multiple sample rings and the LiF window coated with Al film in sequence into the sample receiving groove, and fix the sample receiving groove in the drug loading fixture; S5: Use the energy output from the laser to detonate the sample under test. S6: Calculation of Detonation Velocity and Detonation Pressure Explosive speed: Based on the time difference Δt of the voltage signals of each channel and the thickness a of a single sample ring, the detonation velocity D of a single sample ring can be calculated according to formula (1): Where: D is the detonation velocity in m / s; a is the thickness of a single sample ring in mm; Δt is the oscilloscope signal time difference in ms; Overpressure: Using a photon Doppler velocity meter, the apparent particle velocity curve of the interface was obtained through short-time Fourier transform processing, and the apparent particle velocity u0 of the interface was obtained. According to formula (2), the refractive index of the LiF window coated with Al film was corrected to obtain the actual particle velocity u of the interface: Where: u is the actual particle velocity at the interface, in m / s; u0 is the apparent particle velocity at the interface, in m / s; The detonation pressure of the explosive reaction zone is calculated using the impact impedance matching method. When the detonation velocity of a sample ring remains stable with that of the previous sample ring, it is considered to have reached a stable detonation. The detonation velocity D is substituted into the formula (3) to calculate the sample detonation pressure P: Where: P is the sample detonation pressure, in Pa; u is the actual particle velocity at the interface, in m / s; D is the detonation velocity, in m / s; To determine the density of the LiF window coated with an Al film, take... ; The density of the sample to be tested is expressed in units of... ; and The Hugoniot parameter of the LiF window coated with an Al film is taken as follows: , .

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