Disconnector and switchgear

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of electrical equipment, and discloses an isolating switch and a switch device. The isolating switch comprises a static contact seat, a static contact, a dynamic contact seat and a dynamic contact. The dynamic contact can reciprocally slide in the dynamic contact seat to cooperate with the static contact to realize opening and closing. The end of the dynamic contact is formed with a hollow air cavity. The end of the air cavity is formed with a gas guide hole. The gas guide hole is communicated with the air cavity. A heat conduction member is further arranged in the air cavity. The heat conduction member is in heat conduction connection with the dynamic contact. An arc is generated at the moment when the dynamic contact is separated from the static contact. The heat energy released by the arc is conducted to the air cavity through the dynamic contact and the heat conduction member. The insulating gas in the air cavity is heated and expanded. The air pressure in the air cavity is increased. The gas is sprayed out along the gas guide hole under the action of high pressure and is quickly blown to the arc root to extinguish the arc generated between the dynamic contact and the static contact. The arc extinguishing performance of the isolating switch is improved. The isolating switch has a shorter arc burning time. The arc ablation of the contact is avoided. The insulating performance of the isolating switch is prevented from being rapidly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical equipment technology, and more particularly to a disconnecting switch and switching device. Background Technology

[0002] Gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIS) includes circuit breakers, disconnectors, grounding switches, instrument transformers, surge arresters, busbars, connectors, and outgoing terminals. All these devices or components are enclosed in a grounded metal casing filled with pressurized SF6 insulating gas; it is also known as SF6 fully enclosed switchgear. The disconnector includes a housing, stationary contacts and moving contacts housed within the housing. The moving contact, driven by an operating mechanism, can move to separate from or make conductive contact with the stationary contact, thus realizing the opening and closing action of the disconnector and the conduction and interruption of current.

[0003] An electric arc is generated when the moving and stationary contacts are about to make contact or have just separated. This arc is particularly problematic when the disconnecting switch is performing high-current interruptions, such as busbar switching. The arc can severely erode the stationary and / or moving contacts, and the resulting decomposition products can contaminate the insulation components within the switch, leading to insulation failure or reduced insulation performance and affecting the disconnecting switch's breaking capacity. While some existing disconnecting switches use baffles on the stationary contacts to extinguish the arc between the moving and stationary contacts during opening and closing, the arc-extinguishing speed and effectiveness are insufficient, still resulting in contact erosion and damage.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a disconnecting switch and switching device to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a disconnecting switch and switching device that can quickly extinguish the electric arc generated between the stationary and moving contacts, improve the arc extinguishing capability, prevent the electric arc from burning the stationary and moving contacts, and ensure that the disconnecting switch still has good insulation performance after multiple opening and closing operations.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] On the one hand, a disconnecting switch is provided, including a stationary contact seat and a stationary contact, a moving contact seat and a moving contact, wherein the moving contact can reciprocate within the moving contact seat to cooperate with the stationary contact to achieve opening and closing;

[0008] The moving contact has a hollow air cavity at its end, and an air guide hole at its end. The air guide hole communicates with the air cavity. A heat-conducting component is also provided inside the air cavity, and the heat-conducting component is thermally connected to the moving contact.

[0009] As an optional solution to the disconnecting switch provided by the present invention, the heat-conducting component includes a heat-conducting cylinder and a heat-conducting end plate disposed at one end of the heat-conducting cylinder.

[0010] The heat-conducting end plate is directly or indirectly attached to the moving contact, and the heat-conducting end plate is provided with a through hole that is directly opposite the air guide hole; the heat-conducting cylinder extends away from the air guide hole.

[0011] As an optional solution to the disconnecting switch provided by the present invention, the moving contact is embedded with a heat insulation sleeve, the heat insulation sleeve surrounds the air cavity, and the heat-conducting element extends into the heat insulation sleeve.

[0012] As an optional embodiment of the disconnecting switch provided by the present invention, the moving contact includes:

[0013] A conductive rod is slidably fitted with the moving contact seat. The end of the conductive rod is provided with an insert groove. The heat insulation sleeve is fitted in the insert groove and is in sealed contact with the inner wall of the insert groove.

[0014] A conductive contact portion is disposed at one end of the conductive rod and covers the opening of the mounting groove, and the air guide hole is disposed through the conductive contact portion.

[0015] As an optional solution to the disconnecting switch provided by the present invention, the heat insulation sleeve includes a heat insulation cylinder and a heat insulation end plate. The heat insulation cylinder is in sealed contact with the inner wall of the mounting groove, and the heat insulation end plate is connected to the end of the heat insulation cylinder away from the conductive contact portion.

[0016] As an optional solution to the disconnecting switch provided by the present invention, the heat-conducting component includes a heat-conducting cylinder and a heat-conducting end plate disposed at one end of the heat-conducting cylinder.

[0017] The heat-conducting cylinder and the heat-insulating cylinder are spaced apart; and / or, the disconnecting switch further includes a connector that passes through the heat-conducting end plate and is threadedly connected to the conductive contact portion, so that the heat-conducting end plate and the conductive contact portion are in close contact.

[0018] As an optional solution to the disconnecting switch provided by the present invention, a sealing element is provided between the heat insulation sleeve and the inner wall of the mounting groove.

[0019] As an optional solution to the disconnecting switch provided by the present invention, the conductive rod is provided with a first mounting groove communicating with the embedding groove, the conductive contact part is provided in the first mounting groove and is connected to the bottom wall of the first mounting groove by fasteners.

[0020] As an optional embodiment of the disconnecting switch provided by the present invention, the air guide hole includes a first section, a second section, and a third section, and the air cavity is connected to the third section in sequence through the first section, the second section, and the third section; the cross-sectional area of ​​the first section and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third section both gradually increase in the direction away from the second section.

[0021] And / or, the end of the moving contact opposite to the air cavity has a contact protrusion, and the air guide hole is disposed through the highest point of the contact protrusion.

[0022] On the other hand, a switching device is provided, including a circuit breaker, an interlocking mechanism, and a disconnecting switch as described above, wherein the interlocking mechanism connects the circuit breaker and the disconnecting switch.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0024] This invention provides a disconnecting switch and a switching device including the disconnecting switch. During use, the moving and stationary contacts of the disconnecting switch are in an environment filled with insulating gas. A gas cavity is provided at the end of the moving contact, and a vent is formed at the end of the gas cavity. The insulating gas in the environment surrounding the contacts can be introduced into the gas cavity through the vent. An electric arc is generated the instant the moving and stationary contacts separate, releasing a large amount of heat energy. The heat from the arc is conducted through the end of the moving contact to a heat-conducting element, which then conducts the heat to the gas cavity. This causes the insulating gas in the gas cavity to expand due to heat, increasing the gas pressure and creating a high-pressure chamber. Under the high pressure in the gas cavity, the gas is ejected along the vent and rapidly blown towards the root of the arc to extinguish the arc generated between the moving and stationary contacts. This improves the arc-extinguishing performance of the disconnecting switch, resulting in a shorter arc-burning time, preventing arc erosion of the contacts, and ensuring that the disconnecting switch retains good insulation performance after multiple opening and closing cycles. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a partial schematic diagram of the moving contact provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disconnecting switch provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the moving contact assembly of the disconnector provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the stationary contact assembly of the disconnector provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a first view of the disconnecting switch from the open state to the closed state according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a second view of the disconnecting switch from the open state to the closed state provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a third view of the disconnector switch from the open state to the closed state according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a first view of the disconnecting switch from the closed state to the open state according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a second view of the disconnecting switch from the closed state to the open state provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A partial view;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a third view of the disconnecting switch from the closed state to the open state provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] In the picture:

[0038] 2. Conductive contact part; 3. Air cavity; 4. Heat-conducting component; 5. Connector; 6. Fastener; 10. Electric arc;

[0039] 11. Conductive rod; 12. Heat insulation sleeve; 13. Sealing element;

[0040] 111. Mounting slot; 112. First mounting slot; 113. Second mounting slot;

[0041] 21. Air vent; 22. Contact protrusion;

[0042] 211. First hole section; 212. Second hole section; 213. Third hole section;

[0043] 41. Heat-conducting cylinder; 42. Heat-conducting end plate; 421. Through hole;

[0044] 121. Insulated cylinder; 122. Insulated end plate;

[0045] 100. Housing assembly; 200. Stationary contact assembly; 300. Moving contact assembly; 400. Grounding conductor;

[0046] 101. Outer casing; 102. First-type insulator; 103. Second-type insulator;

[0047] 201. Stationary contact seat; 202. Transmission rod; 203. Stationary contact; 204. Elastic element; 205. Second guide sleeve; 206. Guide rod; 207. Guide ring; 208. Second spring contact finger;

[0048] 2011, Receiving cavity; 2012, Second guide hole;

[0049] 2021, stepped inner hole;

[0050] 301. Moving contact; 302. Moving contact seat; 303. Transmission gear; 304. Transmission rack; 305. First guide sleeve; 306. First spring contact finger; 307. Supporting conductive component;

[0051] 3021, First guide hole;

[0052] 401, Third guide hole; 402, Third spring contact finger. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0054] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0055] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0056] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0057] In this embodiment, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this invention, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following associated objects have an "or" relationship.

[0058] In the embodiments of the present invention, the same reference numerals denote the same parts, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same parts are omitted in different embodiments.

[0059] like Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the disconnecting switch provided in this embodiment. The disconnecting switch includes a housing assembly 100, a stationary contact assembly 200, and a moving contact assembly 300. The stationary contact assembly 200 and the moving contact assembly 300 are both disposed inside the housing assembly 100 and can be detachably contacted. The interior of the housing assembly 100 is a sealed environment and is filled with insulating gas. The stationary contact assembly 200 and the moving contact assembly 300 are both in an environment filled with insulating gas.

[0060] The stationary contact assembly 200 includes a stationary contact base 201 and a stationary contact 203, while the moving contact assembly 300 includes a moving contact base 302 and a moving contact 301. The moving contact 301 can reciprocate within the moving contact base 302 to cooperate with the stationary contact 203 to achieve opening and closing. The moving contact 301 of this disconnecting switch has the ability to quickly extinguish the electric arc generated between the contacts, exhibiting excellent arc-extinguishing performance, preventing arc erosion of the contacts, and ensuring that the switch still has good insulation performance after multiple opening and closing operations.

[0061] Specifically, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 The moving contact 301 has a hollow air cavity 3 at its end, and an air guide hole 21 is formed at the end of the air cavity 3. The air guide hole 21 is connected to the air cavity 3. A heat-conducting component 4 is also provided in the air cavity 3, and the heat-conducting component 4 is thermally connected to the moving contact 301.

[0062] Because the housing assembly 100 of the disconnecting switch is filled with insulating gas, the moving contact 301 and the stationary contact 203 are in an environment filled with insulating gas during use. The vent 21 is configured to introduce or exit the insulating gas into the gas chamber 3. The insulating gas within the housing assembly 100 can be introduced into the gas chamber 3 through the vent 21, so that the gas chamber 3 is filled with insulating gas. An example of the insulating gas is SF6 (sulfur hexafluoride), which possesses extremely high insulation and arc-extinguishing capabilities under high-voltage conditions.

[0063] An electric arc 10 will be generated the instant the moving contact 301 separates from the stationary contact 203 (see...). Figure 9 and Figure 10 The electric arc 10 releases a large amount of heat energy. The heat of the electric arc 10 is conducted to the gas chamber 3 through the moving contact 301, causing the insulating gas in the gas chamber 3 to expand due to heat. The gas pressure in the gas chamber 3 increases, becoming a high-pressure chamber. Under the action of high pressure in the gas chamber 3, the gas is ejected along the air guide hole 21 and blown rapidly toward the root of the electric arc 10 to extinguish the electric arc 10 generated between the moving contact 301 and the stationary contact 203. This improves the arc extinguishing performance of the disconnecting switch, allows the disconnecting switch to obtain a shorter arc burning time, avoids the electric arc 10 burning the contacts, and ensures that the disconnecting switch still has good insulation performance after multiple opening and closing operations.

[0064] It should be emphasized that when an electric arc 10 is generated between the moving contact 301 and the stationary contact 203, the heat of the electric arc 10 can be transferred to the gas chamber 3, causing the gas in the gas chamber 3 to expand thermally and generate high pressure. At this time, the gas pressure in the gas chamber 3 is higher than the external gas pressure, and the insulating gas inside can only be ejected through the air guide hole 21 to achieve gas blowout arc extinguishing.

[0065] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 The housing assembly 100 includes a housing 101, a first basin-type insulator 102, and a second basin-type insulator 103. The housing 101 is provided with a first mounting port and a second mounting port. The moving contact assembly 300 is mounted on the first basin-type insulator 102, and the first basin-type insulator 102 is sealed at the first mounting port. The stationary contact assembly 200 is mounted on the second basin-type insulator 103, and the second basin-type insulator 103 is sealed at the second mounting port.

[0066] When assembling the disconnecting switch, the moving contact assembly 300 can be assembled with the first basin-type insulator 102 first, and the stationary contact assembly 200 can be assembled with the second basin-type insulator 103. Then, the moving contact assembly 300 extends into the housing 101 through the first mounting port, and the first basin-type insulator 102 is installed at the first mounting port. Similarly, the stationary contact assembly 200 extends into the housing 101 through the second mounting port, and the second basin-type insulator 103 is installed at the second mounting port. The edge area of ​​the first basin-type insulator 102 and the first mounting port is connected by a flange structure, and the edge area of ​​the second basin-type insulator 103 and the second mounting port is connected by a flange structure.

[0067] For example, the axis of the first basin insulator 102 is perpendicular to the axis of the second basin insulator 103.

[0068] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the moving contact 301 can move up and down within the moving contact seat 302 to approach or move away from the stationary contact assembly 200, so as to contact or separate from the stationary contact 203.

[0069] Continue reading Figure 2 and Figure 3 The moving contact assembly 300 also includes a supporting conductive element 307 and a moving contact seat 302. The moving contact seat 302 is connected to the first basin-type insulator 102 of the housing assembly 100 via the supporting conductive element 307, and a first guide hole 3021 is provided on the moving contact seat 302. The moving contact 301 is slidably disposed within the first guide hole 3021 to move axially along the first guide hole 3021, and during the sliding process, the moving contact 301 makes conductive contact with the inner wall of the first guide hole 3021, so that current can flow sequentially through the supporting conductive element 307, the moving contact seat 302, and the moving contact 301.

[0070] A transmission gear 303 is rotatably mounted on the supporting conductive member 307. The transmission gear 303 is configured to connect with the operating mechanism of the disconnecting switch. A transmission rack 304 is fixedly mounted on the moving contact 301. The transmission rack 304 extends axially along the first guide hole 3021 and meshes with the transmission gear 303. The operator can drive the transmission gear 303 to rotate relative to the supporting conductive member 307 through the operating mechanism of the disconnecting switch, thereby driving the transmission rack 304 to move linearly along its extension direction. The transmission rack 304 drives the moving contact 301 to move axially along the first guide hole 3021, so that the moving contact 301 approaches or moves away from the stationary contact assembly 200, thus completing the opening and closing of the disconnecting switch.

[0071] Specifically, the conductive support 307 is provided with a first groove, and the moving contact seat 302 is provided with a second groove that is directly opposite the first groove. The second groove communicates with the first guide hole 3021. Part of the transmission gear 303 is located in the first groove, and the other part passes through the second groove on the moving contact seat 302 and extends into the first guide hole 3021 to mesh with the transmission rack 304.

[0072] For example, the supporting conductive element 307 is connected to the first basin-type insulator 102 by fasteners such as bolts or screws, and the moving contact seat 302 is connected to the supporting conductive element 307 by fasteners such as bolts or screws.

[0073] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 A first guide sleeve 305 is disposed within the first guide hole 3021, and a moving contact 301 is slidably disposed within the first guide sleeve 305. The first guide sleeve 305 is made of non-metallic material. The moving contact 301 is made of conductive metallic material, and the moving contact seat 302 is also made of conductive metallic material. The moving contact 301 slides in contact with the inner wall of the first guide sleeve 305, thus preventing the moving contact 301 from directly sliding and rubbing against the inner wall of the first guide hole 3021 to generate metal powder, thereby preventing metal powder from contaminating the insulating gas environment inside the housing assembly 100.

[0074] For example, see Figure 3 The first guide sleeve 305 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which avoids the generation of metal powder when sliding and rubbing with the moving contact 301. At the same time, it can reduce the friction force when the moving contact 301 slides in the first guide hole 3021, and improve the smoothness of the sliding of the moving contact 301.

[0075] Furthermore, a first contact groove is provided on the inner wall of the first guide hole 3021, and a first spring contact finger 306 is provided in the first contact groove. The first spring contact finger 306 makes conductive contact with the moving contact 301. The first spring contact finger 306 can provide a certain elastic force to abut against the moving contact 301, so that the moving contact 301 always maintains good conductive contact with the moving contact seat 302 during the sliding process in the first guide hole 3021.

[0076] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the stationary contact assembly 200 includes a stationary contact seat 201, a transmission rod 202, a stationary contact 203, and an elastic element 204.

[0077] The stationary contact seat 201 is connected to the housing assembly 100. Specifically, the stationary contact seat 201 is connected to the second basin-type insulator 103 of the housing assembly 100 by bolts or screws. The stationary contact seat 201 is provided with a communicating receiving cavity 2011 and a second guide hole 2012. The second guide hole 2012 is closer to the first guide hole 3021 than the receiving cavity 2011 and is directly opposite to the first guide hole 3021, that is, the axis of the first guide hole 3021 and the axis of the second guide hole 2012 coincide or approximately coincide. The transmission rod 202 movably passes through the second guide hole 2012 and is connected to the stationary contact 203. The elastic element 204 is located between the transmission rod 202 and the inner wall of the receiving cavity 2011. When the transmission gear 303 is driven to rotate by the operating mechanism, the transmission gear 303 drives the moving contact 301 to move axially along the first guide hole 3021 through the transmission rack 304. The moving contact 301 can pass into the second guide hole 2012 so that the moving contact 301 pushes against the stationary contact 203. The stationary contact 203 then compresses the elastic element 204 through the transmission rod 202 until the moving contact 301 moves to the closed position. The compressed elastic element 204 is used to provide elastic contact pressure between the moving contact 301 and the stationary contact 203, so that the moving and stationary contacts (i.e., between the moving contact 301 and the stationary contact 203) maintain good contact when the disconnecting switch is closed, and the contact resistance is reduced.

[0078] See Figure 4 The stationary contact assembly 200 also includes a second guide sleeve 205 and a guide rod 206. The second guide sleeve 205 is connected to the second basin-type insulator 103 by bolts or screws. The guide rod 206 is located inside the second guide sleeve 205 and has a gap between it and the inner wall of the second guide sleeve 205. One end of the second guide rod 206 has an external thread structure, allowing it to be screwed onto the second basin-type insulator 103. The transmission rod 202 is hollow and slidably passes through the second guide sleeve 205. The guide rod 206 slides within the inner cavity of the transmission rod 202, enabling the transmission rod 202 to have high movement accuracy. Furthermore, the inner cavity of the transmission rod 202 is a stepped inner hole 2021. A threaded post is provided on the stationary contact 203. The threaded post is screwed into the small diameter section of the stepped inner hole 2021. Part of the elastic element 204 is located in the large diameter section of the stepped inner hole 2021 and abuts against the stepped surface of the stepped inner hole 2021. The other part is sleeved on the guide rod 206 and abuts against the stop shoulder circumferentially provided on the outer wall of the guide rod 206.

[0079] For example, the elastic element 204 is a spring.

[0080] See Figure 4A guide ring 207 is installed on the inner wall of the second guide sleeve 205 and / or the outer wall of the transmission rod 202. The transmission rod 202 slides in contact with the second guide sleeve 205 through the guide ring 207. Since both the transmission rod 202 and the second guide sleeve 205 are made of conductive metal, direct friction between them would generate metal dust, damaging the insulating environment inside the housing assembly 100. The guide ring 207 is made of a non-metallic material, and the frictional contact between the transmission rod 202 and the guide ring 207 and / or between the second guide sleeve 205 and the guide ring 207 can prevent the generation of metal dust. For example, the guide ring 207 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which, while preventing the generation of metal dust through friction, also reduces friction and improves the smoothness of the sliding of the transmission rod 202 within the second guide sleeve 205.

[0081] Continue reading Figure 4 A second contact finger groove is provided in the second guide hole 2012, and a second spring contact finger 208 is provided in the second contact finger groove. The second spring contact finger 208 is used to make conductive contact with the moving contact 301 that passes through the second guide hole 2012, so that a certain contact pressure is maintained between the moving contact 301 and the stationary contact seat 201 to ensure stable and good conductivity.

[0082] Combination Figure 2 The housing assembly 100 of the disconnecting switch is also provided with a grounding conductor 400. The grounding conductor 400 and the stationary contact assembly 200 are respectively located on both sides of the moving contact assembly 300. The grounding conductor 400 is provided with a third guide hole 401, which is directly opposite to the first guide hole 3021. The moving contact 301 can be driven to move closer to the grounding conductor 400 by the transmission gear 303. When the moving contact 301 is inserted into the third guide hole 401 and makes conductive contact with the inner wall of the third guide hole 401, the main circuit of the disconnecting switch is disconnected, and the moving contact seat 302 is grounded to the housing 101.

[0083] Furthermore, a third contact finger groove is provided in the grounding conductor 400, and a third spring contact finger 402 is provided in the third contact finger groove. The third spring contact finger 402 is used to provide a certain elastic pressure and make conductive contact with the moving contact 301 to ensure good conductive contact between the moving contact 301 and the grounding conductor 400.

[0084] See Figure 3 At least one first contact finger groove is provided on both sides of the first guide sleeve 305 on the inner wall of the first guide hole 3021. Each first contact finger groove is provided with a first spring contact finger 306 to ensure that the moving contact 301 can maintain good contact with the moving contact seat 302 when it moves towards the stationary contact assembly 200 and towards the grounding conductor 400, thereby reducing the contact resistance.

[0085] For example, see Figure 2The axis of the second basin-type insulator 103 is in the same direction as the axis of the stationary contact assembly 200, the axis of the first basin-type insulator 102 is perpendicular to the axis of the moving contact assembly 300, and the axis of the first basin-type insulator 102 is perpendicular to the axis of the second basin-type insulator 103, so that the stationary contact assembly 200 and the grounding conductor 400 can be respectively set on both sides of the moving contact assembly 300, and the structure is reasonably and compactly arranged.

[0086] In this embodiment, the stationary contact base 201 is approximately spherical, and the moving contact base 302 is approximately spherical at both the end near the stationary contact assembly 200 and the end near the grounding conductor 400. A sphere has good electric field distribution performance. Figure 1 As shown, a heat-insulating sleeve 12 is embedded in the moving contact 301, and the heat-insulating sleeve 12 surrounds the air cavity 3. The heat-conducting element 4 extends into the heat-insulating sleeve 12. Further, the moving contact provided in this embodiment includes a conductive rod 11 and a conductive contact portion 2. The conductive rod 11 is slidably inserted into the first guide hole 3021 of the moving contact seat 302 and slides in contact with the inner wall of the first guide sleeve 305. During the sliding process, the conductive rod 11 elastically abuts against the first spring contact finger 306. An insert groove 111 is provided on the conductive rod 11, and the heat-insulating sleeve 12 is disposed in the insert groove 111 and seals against the inner wall of the insert groove 111. The conductive contact portion 2 is conductively connected to one end of the conductive rod 11 and covers the opening of the insert groove 111 to confine the heat-insulating sleeve 12 inside the insert groove 111 and prevent the heat-insulating sleeve 12 from moving. The aforementioned air cavity 3 is formed between the conductive contact portion 2 and the inner wall of the heat-insulating sleeve 12. A vent 21 is provided through the conductive contact portion 2. A heat-conducting element 4 is thermally connected to the conductive contact portion 2 and extends into the inner cavity of the heat insulation sleeve 12. The heat-conducting element 4 is used to conduct the heat of the electric arc 10 on the conductive contact portion 2 into the inner cavity of the heat insulation sleeve 12, that is, into the air cavity 3, so that the insulating gas in the air cavity 3 is rapidly heated and expanded.

[0087] The heat insulation sleeve 12 is in sealed contact with the inner wall of the mounting groove 111, ensuring good airtightness of the entire gas cavity 3. The heat insulation sleeve 12 serves two purposes: firstly, it prevents the heat from the electric arc 10 from being transferred to the conductive rod 11, preventing excessive temperature rise in the conductive rod 11 and protecting the moving contact 301; secondly, it isolates the heat of the electric arc 10 within the gas cavity 3, reducing heat loss and allowing the insulating gas within the gas cavity 3 to expand rapidly due to heat. This causes a rapid increase in gas pressure within the gas cavity 3, facilitating the rapid ejection of the insulating gas through the air guide hole 21, thereby accelerating the gas blowing arc extinguishing speed, reducing arc burning time, and improving the arc extinguishing performance of the disconnecting switch.

[0088] In this embodiment, the heat insulation sleeve 12 is made of insulating and heat-insulating materials, such as glass fiber, silicone rubber, polyethylene, etc., but not limited to these.

[0089] See Figure 1The conductive rod 11 is provided with a first mounting groove 112 communicating with the embedding groove 111. The first mounting groove 112 and the embedding groove 111 form a stepped groove structure, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first mounting groove 112 is larger than that of the embedding groove 111. The conductive contact part 2 is provided in the first mounting groove 112 and is connected to the bottom wall of the first mounting groove 112 by fasteners 6. The provision of the first mounting groove 112 not only increases the installation stability of the conductive contact part 2 on the conductive rod 11, but also increases the difficulty of insulating gas leakage through the gap between the conductive contact part 2 and the conductive rod 11, thereby improving the airtightness of the air cavity 3.

[0090] For example, the fastener 6 is a screw, which makes the connection between the conductive contact 2 and the conductive rod 11 secure and maintains good conductive contact, and is also convenient for installation and disassembly.

[0091] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 A second mounting groove 113 is provided on the conductive rod 11 along its length. The transmission rack 304 is installed in the second mounting groove 113 by screws and will not protrude from the outer wall of the conductive rod 11, thus avoiding interference between the transmission rack 304 and the first spring contact finger 306. The teeth of the transmission gear 303 extend into the second mounting groove 113 to mesh with the transmission rack 304 for transmission.

[0092] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 The heat insulation sleeve 12 includes a heat insulation cylinder 121 and a heat insulation end plate 122. The heat insulation cylinder 121 is in sealed contact with the inner wall of the mounting groove 111. The heat insulation end plate 122 is connected to the end of the heat insulation cylinder 121 away from the conductive contact part 2, so that an air cavity 3 is formed between the inner wall of the heat insulation cylinder 121, the inner wall of the heat insulation end plate 122, and the conductive contact part 2. The guide rod 206 is also provided with an inner hole, which is connected to the end of the mounting groove 111 away from the first mounting groove 112 and forms a stepped structure with the mounting groove 111. The cross-sectional area of ​​the mounting groove 111 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inner hole. The heat insulation end plate 122 abuts against the stepped surface of the stepped structure to facilitate the positioning of the heat insulation sleeve 12. In addition, the structure of the heat insulation sleeve 12 is simple and easy to manufacture. The fitting groove 111 can be adapted to be the same as the shape and size of the heat insulation cylinder 121, which makes it easy to achieve a sealed contact between the heat insulation sleeve 12 and the fitting groove 111.

[0093] In other embodiments, the shape and structure of the heat insulation sleeve 12 and the shape of the mounting groove 111 can be designed according to requirements, as long as a sealed contact is ensured between the heat insulation sleeve 12 and the mounting groove 111.

[0094] Furthermore, a sealing element 13 is provided between the heat insulation sleeve 12 and the inner wall of the mounting groove 111 to seal the gap between the heat insulation sleeve 12 and the conductive rod 11, so as to prevent high temperature and high pressure insulating gas from leaking out through the gap between them and improve the air tightness of the air chamber 3.

[0095] Specifically, the outer wall of the heat insulation sleeve 12 is provided with a first sealing groove, and a sealing element 13 is embedded in the first sealing groove; and / or, the inner wall of the mounting groove 111 is provided with a second sealing groove, and a sealing element 13 is embedded in the second sealing groove.

[0096] For example, the seal 13 is a sealing ring.

[0097] In this embodiment, the heat-conducting element 4 extends in the heat insulation cylinder 121 towards the heat insulation end plate 122. For example, the extension length of the heat-conducting element 4 is not less than one-half of the length of the heat insulation cylinder 121, and further, not less than three-quarters of the length of the heat insulation cylinder 121, to ensure that heat can be conducted to the entire air cavity 3 as much as possible, thereby improving the uniformity of heating and expansion of the gas in the air cavity 3.

[0098] Optionally, see Figure 1 The moving contact 301 is also provided with a connector 5. The heat-conducting component 4 includes a heat-conducting cylinder 41 and a heat-conducting end plate 42 located at one end of the heat-conducting cylinder 41. The end of the heat-conducting cylinder 41 away from the heat-conducting end plate 42 is open. The heat-conducting end plate 42 is directly or indirectly attached to the conductive contact part 2 and is connected to the conductive contact part 2 through the connector 5. The heat-conducting end plate 42 is provided with a through hole 421 opposite to the air vent 21. The through hole 421 is used to connect the air cavity 3 and the air vent 21. The heat-conducting end plate 42 and the conductive contact part 2 have a large contact heat-conducting area, which can quickly and timely conduct the heat on the conductive contact part 2 to the heat-conducting component 4. The heat-conducting cylinder 41 is located inside the heat insulation cylinder 121 of the heat insulation sleeve 12 and extends towards the heat insulation end plate 122, quickly conducting the heat on the heat-conducting end plate 42 to the entire air cavity 3.

[0099] Specifically, the connector 5 passes through the heat-conducting end plate 42 and is threadedly connected to the conductive contact part 2, ensuring tight contact between the heat-conducting end plate 42 and the conductive contact part 2. This absorbs the heat generated by the electric arc on the conductive contact part 2 and conducts it through the heat-conducting cylinder 41 to the interior of the gas cavity 3, thereby heating the gas inside the gas cavity 3. The connector 5 can be a screw, which is convenient, stable, and reliable. Simultaneously, the screw can also conduct some heat to the heat-conducting component 4 and the interior of the gas cavity 3, improving the heat conduction effect.

[0100] The heat-conducting end plate 42 can be directly attached to the surface of the conductive contact portion 2 to ensure good thermal conductivity between them. Alternatively, a thermally conductive layer can be sandwiched between the heat-conducting end plate 42 and the conductive contact portion 2, allowing indirect contact between them through the thermally conductive layer. The thermally conductive layer is, for example, thermally conductive silicone, ensuring gapless contact between the heat-conducting end plate 42 and the conductive contact portion 2, thereby improving the thermal conductivity.

[0101] Furthermore, the cross-sections of both the heat-conducting cylinder 41 and the heat-insulating cylinder 121 are circular, so that the inner and outer walls of the heat-conducting cylinder 41 and the inner wall of the heat-insulating cylinder 121 are relatively smooth, reducing the resistance when the insulating gas flows.

[0102] In other embodiments, the shape and structure of the heat-conducting element 4 may include a corrugated plate, etc., which can increase the contact area with the insulating gas in the air cavity 3 and transfer more heat. Of course, the heat-conducting element 4 may also have other shapes and structures, and there is no specific limitation on them.

[0103] For example, the heat-conducting component 4 is made of a metallic material with high thermal conductivity, such as steel, copper, etc., but not limited to these.

[0104] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 The heat-conducting component 4 is spaced apart from the inner wall of the heat-insulating sleeve 12, specifically between the heat-conducting cylinder 41 and the heat-insulating cylinder 121. This prevents the heat-conducting component 4 from directly contacting the heat-insulating sleeve 12, thus avoiding heat loss onto the heat-insulating sleeve 12. This allows the entire surface of the heat-conducting component 4 to be in contact with the insulating gas as much as possible, rapidly heating the insulating gas to expansion. Furthermore, the space between the heat-conducting cylinder 41 and the heat-insulating cylinder 121 is small, allowing the heated insulating gas to quickly pressurize the space. This forces the insulating gas to rush into the heat-conducting cylinder 41 and then smoothly exit through the through-hole 421 and the vent 21, quickly extinguishing the electric arc 10.

[0105] Optionally, the heat-conducting element 4 is coaxially arranged with the heat insulation sleeve 12 to improve the heating uniformity of the insulating gas in the gas cavity 3 by the heat-conducting element 4.

[0106] See Figure 1The vent 21 includes a first segment 211, a second segment 212, and a third segment 213 connected in sequence. The air chamber 3 is connected to the third segment 213 through the first segment 211, the second segment 212, and the third segment 213 in sequence. The cross-sectional areas of the first segment 211 and the third segment 213 gradually increase in the direction away from the second segment 212, meaning that both the first segment 211 and the third segment 213 are funnel-shaped. The end of the first segment 211 furthest from the second segment 212 has a larger opening to introduce more insulating gas. The inner diameter of the second segment 212 is the smallest inner diameter of the first segment 211 and the third segment 213. By narrowing the opening, the insulating gas is accelerated at the second segment 212, increasing the blowing speed of the insulating gas and forming a more powerful airflow, thus improving the arc-extinguishing capability. The end of the third segment 213 furthest from the second segment 212 has a larger opening to expand the diffusion range of the insulating gas and extinguish the arc 10 in a larger area.

[0107] Furthermore, the conductive contact 2 has a contact protrusion 22 protruding from the end opposite to the air cavity 3, and a vent hole 21 is provided through the highest point of the contact protrusion 22. The electric arc 10 easily converges at the tip position. The electric arc 10 generated between the conductive contact 2 and the stationary contact 203 is distributed in the area where the contact protrusion 22 is located. The vent hole 21 is provided at the highest point of the contact protrusion 22 so that the blown high-pressure insulating gas can be precisely blown to extinguish the arc at the concentrated position of the electric arc 10, thereby achieving precise arc extinguishing, reducing the arc burning time, and accelerating the extinguishing of the electric arc 10.

[0108] More specifically, the surface of the contact protrusion 22 and the inner wall of the third hole section 213 are connected by an arc to avoid turbulence at this location when the insulating gas is ejected, which would cause a decrease in speed.

[0109] The following is for reference Figure 2 , Figures 5 to 11 This embodiment describes the opening and closing process of the disconnecting switch.

[0110] (1) Closing operation stage

[0111] like Figure 2 As shown, in the open state, the moving contact 301 of the moving contact assembly 300 remains separated from the stationary contact 203 of the stationary contact assembly 200 within the first guide hole 3021. The operator drives the transmission gear 303 along the operating mechanism of the disconnecting switch. Figure 5 The direction indicated by the middle arrow is counterclockwise. Driven by the transmission gear 303, the transmission rack 304 causes the conductive rod 11 and the conductive contact portion 2 to move along the first guide hole 3021, extending out of the first guide hole 3021 and approaching the stationary contact assembly 200. (As shown in the image) Figure 5As shown, when the conductive contact 2 is about to contact the stationary contact 203, an electric arc 10 is generated between the conductive contact 2 and the stationary contact 203, reaching a pre-breakdown state. However, the pre-breakdown time is very short at this time, and the contact erosion is minimal. Figure 6 As shown, the conductive contact 2 comes into contact with the stationary contact 203, and the electric arc 10 disappears.

[0112] Transmission gear 303 continues along Figure 6 The circuit rotates counterclockwise as indicated by the middle arrow, driving the conductive rod 11 to continue moving via the transmission rack 304. The conductive rod 11 extends into the second guide hole 2012 of the stationary contact seat 201 and maintains conductive contact with the stationary contact seat 201 via the second spring finger 208. The conductive contact part 2, driven by the conductive rod 11, pushes against the stationary contact 203, and the stationary contact 203 compresses the elastic element 204 via the transmission rod 202. When the disconnecting switch reaches the closed position, the stationary contact 203 is pushed to its limit position within the stationary contact seat 201 by the conductive contact part 2, and the elastic element 204 is compressed to its maximum elastic force value under working conditions. This elastic force ensures full contact between the conductive contact part 2 and the stationary contact 203 to prevent re-arcing between them. Furthermore, the conductive rod 11 maintains full contact with the stationary contact seat 201 via the second spring finger 208, allowing current to flow.

[0113] (2) Tripping operation stage

[0114] When the disconnect switch is Figure 7 When switching from the closed state to the open state, the transmission gear 303 is driven along the operating mechanism. Figure 8 Rotating clockwise as indicated by the middle arrow, the transmission rack 304, driven by the transmission gear 303, causes the conductive rod 11 and the stationary contact 203 to move away from the stationary contact assembly 200. While the conductive contact 2 is still in contact with the conductive contact 2 under the elastic force of the elastic member 204, the stationary contact 203 maintains full contact with the conductive contact 2, preventing the generation of electric arc 10 during this stage.

[0115] The conductive rod 11 and the conductive contact 2 move to Figure 8 In the state shown, the conductive contact 2 is about to separate from the stationary contact 203. The transmission gear 303 continues to rotate, causing the conductive contact 2 to continue moving away from the stationary contact 203, as shown. Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, at the instant the conductive contact 2 separates from the stationary contact 203, an electric arc 10 is generated. The energy (mainly heat energy) of the arc 10 is transferred along the conductive contact 2 to the heat-conducting component 4. The heat-conducting component 4 is heated and transfers the heat energy to the insulating gas (such as SF6 insulating gas) within the air cavity 3 defined by the heat insulation sleeve 12 and the conductive contact 2. The insulating gas expands due to heat, forming a high-pressure chamber in the air cavity 3. At the same time, the heat insulation sleeve 12 insulates the heat, preventing heat loss along the conductive rod 11. The seal 13 between the heat insulation sleeve 12 and the conductive rod 11 prevents the high-pressure insulating gas from leaking from the gap between them. Thus, the insulating gas can only be rapidly ejected from the air vent 21 of the conductive contact 2, blowing towards the root of the arc 10 to extinguish the arc. The flow direction of the insulating gas is as follows: Figure 9 and Figure 10 The arrow at point 3 in the middle air chamber indicates this.

[0116] Transmission gear 303 continues along Figure 11 The direction shown is rotated clockwise to return the conductive rod 11 to the open position, at which point the disconnecting switch is switched to the open state. Because the arc 10 between the conductive contact 2 and the stationary contact 203 is extinguished by high-voltage insulating gas before the conductive rod 11 reaches the open position, the transmission of current is cut off, the disconnecting switch obtains a shorter arcing time, the arc extinguishing performance is improved, and the erosion of the contacts is reduced.

[0117] This embodiment also provides a switchgear, including a circuit breaker, a linkage mechanism, and a disconnecting switch as described above. The linkage mechanism connects the circuit breaker and the disconnecting switch. For example, the linkage mechanism is used to lock the disconnecting switch after the circuit breaker is closed. The switchgear may also include a grounding switch, and the linkage mechanism connects the circuit breaker, the disconnecting switch, and the grounding switch, used to lock the disconnecting switch and the grounding switch after the circuit breaker is closed. Exemplarily, the switchgear is a GIS (Gas Insulated Metal Enclosed Switchgear). The composition and connection of the GIS (such as the linkage between the linkage mechanism and the circuit breaker, grounding switch, and disconnecting switch) are existing mature technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0118] The advantages of the switching device having the disconnecting switch provided in this embodiment are as described above.

[0119] It is understood that the disconnecting switch provided in this embodiment can also be used alone to achieve opening and closing, or it can be applied in the above-mentioned switching equipment and used in conjunction with circuit breakers and grounding switches.

[0120] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A disconnecting switch, comprising a housing assembly (100), a stationary contact seat (201) and a stationary contact (203), a moving contact seat (302) and a moving contact (301), wherein the stationary contact seat (201), the stationary contact (203), the moving contact seat (302) and the moving contact (301) are all disposed within the housing assembly (100), the interior of the housing assembly (100) is a sealed environment filled with insulating gas, the moving contact (301) can reciprocate within the moving contact seat (302) to cooperate with the stationary contact (203) to achieve opening and closing, and an electric arc (10) is generated when the moving contact (301) separates from the stationary contact (203), characterized in that, The moving contact (301) has a hollow air cavity (3) at its end, and an air guide hole (21) is formed at the end of the air cavity (3). The air guide hole (21) is connected to the air cavity (3). A heat-conducting component (4) is also provided in the air cavity (3). The heat-conducting component (4) is thermally connected to the moving contact (301). The moving contact (301) is embedded with a heat insulation sleeve (12), which surrounds the air cavity (3). The heat-conducting element (4) extends into the heat insulation sleeve (12) and is used to conduct the heat of the electric arc (10) into the heat insulation sleeve (12). The heat insulation sleeve (12) can block the heat of the electric arc (10) inside the air cavity (3). The heat from the electric arc (10) is conducted to the gas chamber (3) through the moving contact (301), causing the insulating gas in the gas chamber (3) to expand due to heat. The gas pressure in the gas chamber (3) increases to become a high-pressure chamber. Under the action of the high pressure in the gas chamber (3), the gas is ejected along the air guide hole (21) and blown rapidly toward the root of the electric arc (10).

2. The disconnecting switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-conducting component (4) includes a heat-conducting cylinder (41) and a heat-conducting end plate (42) disposed at one end of the heat-conducting cylinder (41). The heat-conducting end plate (42) is directly or indirectly attached to the moving contact (301), and the heat-conducting end plate (42) is provided with a through hole (421) that is directly opposite to the air guide hole (21); the heat-conducting cylinder (41) extends away from the air guide hole (21).

3. The disconnecting switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moving contact (301) includes: The conductive rod (11) is slidably engaged with the moving contact seat (302). The end of the conductive rod (11) is provided with an insert groove (111). The heat insulation sleeve (12) is disposed in the insert groove (111) and is in sealed contact with the inner wall of the insert groove (111). A conductive contact part (2) is provided at one end of the conductive rod (11) and covers the slot of the mounting groove (111). The air guide hole (21) is provided through the conductive contact part (2).

4. The disconnecting switch according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat insulation sleeve (12) includes a heat insulation cylinder (121) and a heat insulation end plate (122). The heat insulation cylinder (121) is in sealed contact with the inner wall of the mounting groove (111), and the heat insulation end plate (122) is connected to the end of the heat insulation cylinder (121) away from the conductive contact part (2).

5. The disconnecting switch according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat-conducting component (4) includes a heat-conducting cylinder (41) and a heat-conducting end plate (42) disposed at one end of the heat-conducting cylinder (41). The heat-conducting cylinder (41) and the heat-insulating cylinder (121) are spaced apart; and / or, the disconnecting switch further includes a connector (5) that passes through the heat-conducting end plate (42) and is threadedly connected to the conductive contact (2) so that the heat-conducting end plate (42) and the conductive contact (2) are in close contact.

6. The disconnecting switch according to claim 3, characterized in that, A sealing element (13) is provided between the heat insulation sleeve (12) and the inner wall of the mounting groove (111).

7. The disconnecting switch according to claim 3, characterized in that, The conductive rod (11) is provided with a first mounting groove (112) that communicates with the mounting groove (111). The conductive contact part (2) is located in the first mounting groove (112) and is connected to the bottom wall of the first mounting groove (112) by a fastener (6).

8. The disconnecting switch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The air guide hole (21) includes a first hole section (211), a second hole section (212), and a third hole section (213). The air chamber (3) is connected to the third hole section (213) in sequence through the first hole section (211), the second hole section (212), and the third hole section (213). The cross-sectional area of ​​the first hole section (211) and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third hole section (213) gradually increase in the direction away from the second hole section (212). And / or, the moving contact (301) has a contact protrusion (22) at one end away from the air cavity (3), and the air guide hole (21) is disposed through the highest point of the contact protrusion (22).

9. A switchgear, characterized in that, It includes a circuit breaker, a linkage mechanism, and a disconnecting switch as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the linkage mechanism connects the circuit breaker and the disconnecting switch.

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