A vegetation restoration method for soil and rock slope in alpine region

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of vegetation repair methods of high-cold region soil and stone slope, solve the technical problem that the prior art construction process is complex, vegetation survival rate is low.It includes: preparation of binder and the binder is evenly sprayed on the soil and stone slope needing protection using mud spraying machine;On the soil and stone slope that spraying slope-polylactic acid three-dimensional net binder is finished;Laying soil nutrient layer;Mix the seeds of elytrigia repens, thalictrum, pot marigold, groundsel, purple-flowered needle grass and arrow leaf ligusticum, the mixed seed after processing, soil and water are fully stirred and mixed to form grass seed mud slurry, and the grass seed mud slurry is evenly sprayed on the soil nutrient layer;After seed germination, drill expansion bolt hole, chemical bolt is placed in the hole of expansion bolt, and expansion screw is drilled and fixed using.The application shows remarkable effect in improving vegetation survival rate, enhancing slope stability, simplifying construction process and reducing cost and improving biodiversity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope restoration technology, specifically to a method for vegetation restoration of soil and rock slopes in high-altitude and cold regions. Background Technology

[0002] High-altitude and cold regions, with their extreme low temperatures, arid climates, and fragile ecological environments, pose severe challenges to the protection and ecological restoration of earth and rock slopes. Due to their steep slopes, these areas are prone to rockfalls, posing a potential threat to the surrounding environment and the safety of people's lives and property.

[0003] Faced with these problems, existing slope protection and ecological restoration measures are proving inadequate. Some methods primarily focus on engineering aspects of slope protection, such as using wire mesh or planting concrete grids to reinforce the slope. However, these methods often neglect effective integration with the slope topography, requiring extensive earthwork transportation and involving complex and costly construction processes.

[0004] On the other hand, some measures attempt to achieve slope greening through simple seed sowing. They merely bury seeds in the soil, water and fertilize, and wait for the plants to grow naturally. However, this method has not been adapted to the specific ecological environment of high-altitude and cold regions. Under low-temperature and arid conditions, the germination rate of vegetation is extremely low, and the survival rate is difficult to guarantee, thus making it difficult to achieve the expected slope protection and ecological restoration effects.

[0005] In summary, existing slope protection and ecological restoration measures face numerous difficulties and challenges in high-altitude and cold regions. There is a need to develop a more scientific, rational, and efficient technical solution to address the unique ecological environment of these regions, improve vegetation germination and survival rates, and thus achieve effective slope protection and ecological restoration. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vegetation restoration method for soil and rock slopes in high-altitude and cold regions, so as to solve the technical problems of complex construction process and low vegetation survival rate in the existing technology.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] This invention provides a method for vegetation restoration of soil and rock slopes in high-altitude and cold regions, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1. After drying the soil to be used, pass it through a 50-mesh sieve for later use.

[0010] S2. Preparation of adhesive: Mix sieved soil, peat soil, sawdust, asbestos, recycled pulp fiber, cow dung, barley bran, starch-grafted acrylamide and water to make a slope-polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh adhesive.

[0011] S3. Apply the slope-polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh adhesive evenly to the soil and rock slope that needs protection using a mud spraying machine, with a spraying thickness of 1cm.

[0012] S4. Lay two layers of polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh on the soil and rock slope after spraying the slope-polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh adhesive.

[0013] S5. Laying the soil nutrient layer: In April to June, the sieved soil, urea, cow manure, barley bran, cinnamon and water are evenly mixed to make a soil nutrient slurry. The soil nutrient slurry is then sprayed onto a polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh with a thickness of 3-4 cm.

[0014] S6. Mix the seeds of Leymus chinensis, Thalictrum lucidum, Potentilla chinensis, Lysimachia christinae, Stipa purpurea, and Ligustrum sagittatum. Soak the seeds in 5L of 0.05g / L indoleacetic acid solution for 24 hours per kilogram of mixed seeds to improve germination rate and rooting ability, and enhance seed resistance. Thoroughly mix the treated mixed seeds, soil, and water in proportion to form a grass seed slurry. Spray the grass seed slurry evenly onto the soil nutrient layer to a thickness of 0.5cm-1cm.

[0015] S7. After the seeds germinate, drill expansion bolt holes 20cm deep every 30cm and clean the lime in the holes. Place the M20 chemical bolts into the expansion bolt holes and fix them with expansion screws. Leave steel cable loops at the top of the screws. Thread the steel cables through the loops to form a cross, creating a protective network.

[0016] Furthermore, the slope-polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh adhesive formulation is prepared by mixing soil, peat soil, sawdust, asbestos, recycled pulp fiber, cow dung, barley bran, starch-grafted acrylamide, and water in a ratio of 900-1000: 50-100: 25-50: 20-40: 50-100: 20-40: 30-50: 10-12: 250-300 by weight.

[0017] Furthermore, the polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh has a thickness of 0.4 cm and an inner pore size of 0.2 cm.

[0018] Further, in step S4, the preparation method of the polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh is as follows: dissolve polylactic acid particles in chloroform solvent, stir at a certain temperature for several hours to ensure uniform dissolution, adjust the concentration of the solution to about 10%-20% to obtain suitable fiber diameter and spinning performance; pour the solution into a mold of a specific shape, place the mold in a well-ventilated environment, wait for the solvent to evaporate, and the polylactic acid mesh structure to solidify and form.

[0019] Furthermore, the polylactic acid is produced by extracting starch from renewable resources, fermenting it into lactic acid, and then polymerizing it; the renewable resources include corn, cassava, sugar beets, or sugarcane.

[0020] Furthermore, the soil nutrient slurry formula is prepared by mixing soil, urea, cow manure, barley bran, cinnamon, and water in a ratio of 5000:50:20:20:20:1200 by weight.

[0021] Furthermore, the seeds of *Leymus chinensis*, *Thalictrum sylvestris*, *Potentilla chinensis*, *Gnaphalium affine*, *Stipa purpurea*, and *Ligustrum sagittatum* are mixed in a ratio of 1:1:2:3:1:3.

[0022] Furthermore, the *Leymus chinensis* species are drought-resistant, cold-resistant, and wind-resistant, with strong environmental adaptability. They are propagated by seed, reaching a height of 70-140cm, with a growing season from mid-April to mid-October. The *Thalictrum sylvestris* species are cold-resistant and highly adaptable, propagating through both seed and root reproduction. They reach a height of 60-150cm, with a growing season from early April to mid-November. The *Potentilla chinensis* species are drought-resistant, cold-resistant, and highly adaptable to various soil types. They are propagated by seed, reaching a height of 20-70cm, with a growing season from March to October. The *Gnaphalium affine* species are light-loving, drought-resistant, and have low soil requirements. They are propagated by seed, reaching a height of 5-30cm, with a growing season from March to September. The *Stipa purpurea* species are drought-resistant, cold-resistant, and propagated by seed, reaching a height of 20-45cm, with a growing season from mid-May to late September. The *Ligustrum sagittatum* species are perennial herbaceous plants with strong adaptability. They are propagated by seed, reaching a height of 25-70cm, with a growing season from June to October.

[0023] Furthermore, the grass seed slurry is prepared by mixing seeds, soil and water in a ratio of 1:3-5:1-1.5 by weight.

[0024] Based on the above technical solution, the embodiments of the present invention can produce at least the following technical effects:

[0025] (1) The vegetation restoration method for soil and rock slopes in high-altitude and cold regions provided by the present invention selects herbaceous plants (such as crested wheatgrass, thalassiopeia, etc.) that are highly adaptable to the environment of high-altitude and cold regions, have well-developed root systems and strong reproductive capabilities, and are matched in proportion. This significantly improves the survival rate and growth status of vegetation under high-altitude and cold conditions. Croested wheatgrass, thalassiopeia, and other plants are drought-resistant, cold-resistant, and wind-resistant, have strong environmental adaptability, and have a long growing season, which can effectively cope with the extreme climate conditions in high-altitude and cold regions.

[0026] (2) The vegetation restoration method for soil and rock slopes in high-altitude and cold regions provided by the present invention uses a slope-polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh adhesive to firmly adhere soil and other materials to the soil and rock slope, forming a stable protective layer, which effectively prevents rockfall on the soil and rock slope. The polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh is mainly made of renewable resources and can be naturally degraded after its service life, reducing environmental pollution and being absorbed and utilized by plants. It has low density and high strength physical characteristics and can degrade in harsh environments, avoiding secondary pollution to the environment. At the same time, compared with the traditional coconut fiber felt, the three-dimensional mesh has a hole spacing of 0.2cm, which increases the breathability, increases the soil temperature in the early stage of plant germination, and has a certain water retention capacity. Plant roots can also pass through the holes, and the high strength provides good support for the roots.

[0027] (3) The vegetation restoration method for soil and rock slopes in high-altitude and cold regions provided by the present invention adopts a combination of movable steel cables and expansion bolts, which can be bent according to the specific terrain of the soil and rock slope, cope with various uneven slope conditions, and are easier to fit with the slope surface. At the same time, the grid size can be determined according to the slope gradient. The connectors connect all points on the entire slope, connecting the soil and rock slopes into a whole, and preventing slope rockfall as a whole. At the same time, M20 chemical expansion bolts are used to cope with the harsh environment of high-altitude and cold regions. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the protective network structure of the present invention;

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Expansion bolt hole; 2. Chemical bolt; 3. Expansion screw; 4. Steel cable ring. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0032] A method for vegetation restoration of rocky slopes in high-altitude and cold regions includes the following steps:

[0033] S1. After drying the soil to be used, pass it through a 50-mesh sieve for later use.

[0034] S2. Preparation of adhesive: The sieved soil, peat soil, sawdust, asbestos, recycled pulp fiber, cow dung, barley bran, starch-grafted acrylamide and water are mixed in a ratio of 950:70:40:30:70:30:40:12:280 to prepare a slope-polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh adhesive.

[0035] S3. The slope-polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh adhesive is evenly sprayed onto the soil and rock slope that needs protection using a mud spraying machine. The spraying thickness is 1cm. The slope-polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh adhesive can provide nutrients and also ensure a certain degree of adhesion.

[0036] S4. On the soil and rock slope after the slope-polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh adhesive has been sprayed, lay two layers of polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh. The thickness of a single sheet of polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh is 0.4cm, the inner hole is 0.2cm, and the total thickness is 0.8cm.

[0037] The specific methods for preparing polylactic acid three-dimensional meshes include:

[0038] ①Preparation of polylactic acid solution

[0039] Based on the requirements of soil reinforcement, polylactic acid (PLA) material with appropriate molecular weight and melting point is selected. The PLA particles are dissolved in chloroform solvent, typically requiring stirring for several hours at a certain temperature to ensure uniform dissolution. The solution concentration is adjusted to approximately 10%-20% to obtain suitable fiber diameter and spinning properties.

[0040] ② Casting process

[0041] The solution is poured into a mold of a specific shape, which can be designed as a mesh or have a specific porosity. Depending on the requirements, the mold can be planar, curved, or have a three-dimensional structure.

[0042] ③ Solvent evaporation and curing

[0043] Place the mold in a well-ventilated environment and allow the solvent to evaporate, and the polylactic acid network structure will solidify and take shape.

[0044] Polylactic acid (PLA) materials are mainly formed by the fermentation of renewable resources such as corn starch into lactic acid, followed by polymerization. After its service life, it can be naturally degraded, reducing environmental pollution and being absorbed and utilized by plants. Its physical properties include low density and high strength. It can degrade in harsh environments, and the three-dimensional mesh has a pore spacing of 0.2cm compared to traditional coconut fiber felt, which increases its breathability, raises soil temperature in the early stage of plant germination, and also has a certain water retention capacity. Plant roots can also pass through the pores, and its high strength provides good support for the roots.

[0045] S5. Laying the soil nutrient layer: In April to June, the sieved soil, urea, cow manure, barley bran, cinnamon and water are evenly mixed to make a soil nutrient slurry. The soil nutrient slurry is then sprayed onto a polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh with a spray thickness of 3cm.

[0046] S6. Mix the seeds of Leymus chinensis, Thalictrum lucidum, Potentilla chinensis, Lysimachia christinae, Stipa purpurea, and Ligustrum sagittatum.

[0047] Leymus chinensis: drought-resistant, cold-resistant, wind-resistant, and sand-resistant, with strong adaptability to the environment. It is propagated by seed, grows to a height of 70-140cm, and has a growing season from mid-April to mid-October.

[0048] Thalictrum: Cold-resistant and highly adaptable to the environment, it can be propagated by seeds and roots, grows to a height of 60-150cm, and its growing season is from early April to mid-November;

[0049] Potentilla chinensis: drought-resistant, cold-resistant, and highly adaptable to soil. It is propagated by sowing, grows to a height of 20-70cm, and has a growing season from March to October.

[0050] Ground ivy: It prefers light, is drought-tolerant, and has low requirements for soil. It is propagated by sowing. It grows to a height of 5-30cm and its growing season is from March to September.

[0051] Purple needlegrass: drought-resistant, cold-resistant, propagated by seed, height 20-45cm, growing season from mid-May to late September;

[0052] Ligustrum sagittatum: a perennial herb with strong adaptability, propagated by seed, with a height of 25-70cm, and a growing season from June to October;

[0053] Select high-quality herbaceous plant seeds based on the local arid and low-temperature growing environment, and make reasonable combinations according to the growing season and vegetation height;

[0054] The following herbs were mixed in a ratio of 1:1:2:3:1:3:

[0055] Seed pretreatment: For every kilogram of mixed seeds, soak the seeds in 5L of 0.05g / L indoleacetic acid solution for 24 hours to improve the germination rate and rooting ability of the seeds and enhance their stress resistance.

[0056] Mix dry soil, mixed seeds, and water thoroughly in a ratio of 4:1:1.5 to form a grass seed slurry;

[0057] Seed layer: Spray the mixed grass seed slurry evenly onto the soil nutrient layer, with a thickness of about 0.5cm.

[0058] S7. After the seeds germinate, drill expansion bolt channels 1 with a depth of 20cm every 30cm, clean the lime in the channels, put the chemical bolts 2 into the expansion bolt channels 1, and use expansion screws 3 to drill in and fix them. Leave steel cable loops 4 at the top of the screws, thread the steel cables into the steel cable loops 4, cross them to form a protective network.

[0059] This embodiment describes the restoration of soil and rock slopes in high-altitude and cold regions. The restoration area has an altitude of 3200-3800 meters, an average annual temperature of 3.8℃, an annual rainfall of 594 mm, an average annual relative humidity of 55.1%, an average annual wind speed of 1.3 m / s, an average annual sunshine duration of 6.3 h, a slope of 30-55°, and a slope length of 30-50 meters. One month after restoration, the slope was subjected to 2 hours of scouring under rainfall conditions. No landslides or mudslides occurred, and the slope stability remained unchanged. One year later, the vegetation coverage reached 97%.

[0060] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for vegetation restoration of soil and rock slopes in high-altitude cold regions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. After drying the soil to be used, pass it through a 50-mesh sieve for later use. S2. Preparation of adhesive: Mix sieved soil, peat soil, sawdust, asbestos, recycled pulp fiber, cow dung, barley bran, starch-grafted acrylamide and water to make a slope-polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh adhesive. The slope-polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh adhesive formulation is prepared by mixing soil, peat soil, sawdust, asbestos, recycled pulp fiber, cow dung, barley bran, starch-grafted acrylamide, and water in a ratio of 900-1000: 50-100: 25-50: 20-40: 50-100: 20-40: 30-50: 10-12: 250-300 by weight. S3. Apply the slope-polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh adhesive evenly to the soil and rock slope that needs protection using a mud spraying machine, with a spraying thickness of 1cm. S4. On the soil and rock slope after the slope-polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh adhesive has been sprayed, lay two layers of polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh; the polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh has a thickness of 0.4cm and an inner hole of 0.2cm. S5. Laying the soil nutrient layer: In April to June, the sieved soil, urea, cow manure, barley bran, cinnamon and water are evenly mixed to make a soil nutrient slurry. The soil nutrient slurry is then sprayed onto a polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh with a thickness of 3-4 cm. S6. Mix the seeds of Leymus chinensis, Thalictrum lucidum, Potentilla chinensis, Lysimachia christinae, Stipa purpurea, and Ligustrum sagittatum. Soak the seeds in 5L of 0.05g / L indoleacetic acid solution for 24 hours per kilogram of mixed seeds to improve germination rate and rooting ability, and enhance seed resistance. Thoroughly mix the treated mixed seeds, soil, and water in proportion to form a grass seed slurry. Spray the grass seed slurry evenly onto the soil nutrient layer to a thickness of 0.5cm-1cm. S7. After the seeds germinate, drill expansion bolt channels (1) with a depth of 20cm every 30cm, clean the lime in the channels, put the chemical bolts (2) into the expansion bolt channels (1), and use expansion screws (3) to drill in and fix them. Leave a steel cable loop (4) at the top of the screw, thread the steel cable into the steel cable loop (4), cross it, repeat the steps, connect multiple expansion bolts and steel cables to form an integrated slope protection network.

2. The vegetation restoration method for soil and rock slopes in high-altitude cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the preparation method of the polylactic acid three-dimensional mesh is as follows: dissolve polylactic acid particles in chloroform solvent, stir at a certain temperature for several hours to ensure uniform dissolution, adjust the concentration of the solution to control it at 10%-20% to obtain suitable fiber diameter and spinning performance; pour the solution into a mold, place the mold in a well ventilated environment, and wait for the solvent to evaporate and the polylactic acid mesh structure to solidify and form.

3. The vegetation restoration method for soil and rock slopes in high-altitude cold regions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The polylactic acid is produced by extracting starch from renewable resources, fermenting it into lactic acid, and then polymerizing it; the renewable resources include corn, cassava, sugar beets, or sugarcane.

4. The vegetation restoration method for soil and rock slopes in high-altitude cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil nutrient slurry formula is prepared by mixing soil, urea, cow manure, barley bran, cinnamon, and water in a ratio of 5000:50:20:20:20:1200 by weight.

5. The vegetation restoration method for soil and rock slopes in high-altitude cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seeds of Leymus chinensis, Thalictrum lucidum, Potentilla chinensis, Lysimachia christinae, Stipa purpurea, and Ligustrum sagittatum are mixed in a ratio of 1:1:2:3:1:

3.

6. The vegetation restoration method for soil and rock slopes in high-altitude cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grass seed slurry is made by mixing seeds, soil and water in a ratio of 1:3-5:1-1.5 by weight.

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