Fertilizer applicator and process based on precision irrigation decisions

Abstract

A kind of fertilizing machine based on precision irrigation decision-making, it includes water and fertilizer collection cavity, water and fertilizer collection cavity is connected with the output end of water supply pipe (6), the input end of field pipeline (10) and the output end of water and fertilizer pipeline (2) respectively;Water and fertilizer proportioning tank (1) is connected with the input end of water and fertilizer pipeline (2);Quantitative irrigation assembly (11) and booster supply assembly (12) are distributed on field pipeline (10).Water and fertilizer proportioning tank (1) includes fertilizing barrel body (13);Fertilizing stirring device (14) and fertilizing feeding pipeline (15) are arranged on the upper portion of fertilizing barrel body (13);Fertilizing output inverted-cone pipeline (16) with fertilizing pump is arranged at the lower end of fertilizing barrel body (13).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a machine-based intelligent water and fertilizer application machine and its process, specifically a fertilizer application machine based on precision irrigation decisions. Background Technology

[0002] Crop irrigation and fertilization are influenced by many factors, including temperature, humidity, and light. Among these, light is a key factor affecting crop transpiration and evaporation. The inventors discovered a linear relationship between light and crop water consumption, allowing for precise water and fertilizer regulation by using light-guided irrigation. While the hardware assembly of integrated water and fertilizer machines is largely similar, the lack of a precise irrigation and fertilization control system hinders the widespread application of this technology. Currently, the agricultural workforce is aging significantly, creating a pressing need for simple, easy-to-operate agricultural products with low technical barriers. Existing integrated water and fertilizer machines on the market are complex to operate, leading to difficulties in mastering their use and resulting in equipment abandonment and resource waste. Based on these background conditions, this invention integrates and develops a machine learning-based "light-intelligent" integrated water and fertilizer machine. It is simple to operate, easy to master, and pre-programs "light-intelligent" precise irrigation decisions, enabling machine learning functionality and improving the equipment's intelligence and precision. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a fertilizer applicator and process based on precision irrigation decision-making. Its parent application is CN202110044076.4, application date: 20210113, and title is "Light-Intelligent Water and Fertilizer Integrated Machine and Process Based on Machine Learning".

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A fertilizer applicator based on precision irrigation decision-making includes a fertilizer applicator, a monitoring applicator, and / or a control applicator.

[0006] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0007] The fertilization system includes a water-fertilizer mixing tank, which comprises at least three fertilizer dispensing containers; among which...

[0008] The three fertilizer containers are designated as fertilizer container A, fertilizer container B, and fertilizer container C.

[0009] The water-fertilizer mixing tank is connected to the main fertilization control unit, which serves as the control component, via water-fertilizer pipelines;

[0010] A fertilizer output inverted cone pipe with a fertilizer pump and / or filter is connected between the fertilizer tank and the water and fertilizer pipeline;

[0011] The monitoring components include a light irradiance probe for measuring light radiation, a temperature and humidity probe, and / or a probe for detecting soil moisture;

[0012] The fertilizer applicator control unit is the main body of the fertilizer applicator control unit.

[0013] The control components include a processor, a database containing pre-test data, a power supply, and / or an execution circuit electrically connected to the processor for controlling the start and stop of the motor and / or solenoid valve of the fertilizer injection pump.

[0014] The processor is responsible for collecting monitoring data on light and soil moisture and issuing irrigation and fertilization instructions to the execution circuit to control the start and stop of the corresponding motor. According to the irrigation and fertilization parameters set by the producer, it regulates the start and stop of the fertilizer pump motor and / or solenoid valve.

[0015] The probes for detecting soil moisture include surface soil moisture probes, middle soil moisture probes and / or lower soil moisture probes, to monitor the moisture content and differential changes of the corresponding soil layers;

[0016] Temperature and humidity probes are used for temperature acquisition.

[0017] A fertilizer applicator based on precision irrigation decision-making includes a water and fertilizer collection chamber, which is connected to the output end of a water supply pipe, the input end of a field pipeline, and the output end of a water and fertilizer pipeline; a water and fertilizer mixing tank is connected to the input end of the water and fertilizer pipeline.

[0018] The field pipelines are equipped with quantitative irrigation components and pressurized supply components.

[0019] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0020] The water-fertilizer mixing tank includes a fertilizer tank body; a fertilizer mixing device and a fertilizer feeding pipe are installed on the upper part of the fertilizer tank body;

[0021] A fertilizer output inverted cone pipe with a fertilizer injection pump is installed at the lower end of the fertilizer tank;

[0022] The fertilizer output inverted cone pipe is designed with a larger top and a smaller bottom; a fertilizer unblocking component is also connected to the lower part of the fertilizer output inverted cone pipe;

[0023] The fertilizer mixing device includes a mixing and cleaning moving shaft with rotation and telescopic movement; a mixing fixed support at the cantilever end of the mixing and cleaning moving shaft; and a mixing rotation vertical central shaft that rotates vertically on the 45-degree inclined surface of the mixing fixed support.

[0024] A 45-degree inclined plane with a stirring support is vertically rotated at the end of the vertical central shaft of the stirring rotation.

[0025] A stirring rotation guide ring rail is provided on the inclined surface of the stirring rotation support, which corresponds to the stirring fixed support and is coaxial with the stirring rotation vertical center axis.

[0026] An agitator is installed on the rotating support for stirring the water and fertilizer in the fertilizer tank.

[0027] The mixing auger has a downward-facing mixing work station located inside the fertilizer tank, and a horizontal mixing and cleaning work station located away from the fertilizer tank.

[0028] A mixing process groove is provided on the outer wall of the mixing auger;

[0029] A oscillating and tilting brush is installed at the mixing and cleaning station; a mixing and cleaning nozzle is installed on the oscillating and tilting brush to blow away the attached material.

[0030] A stirring fixing frame is provided above the stirring oscillating tilting brush; several stirring connecting springs are connected to the lower end of the stirring fixing frame, a stirring lower plate is connected to the lower end of the stirring connecting springs, and a stirring hammer is provided at the lower end of the stirring fixing frame to contact the upper surface of the rising stirring lower plate.

[0031] After the agitator swings and tilts the brush downwards, it contacts the upper back side of the agitator to clean the attached material;

[0032] After the tilting brush swings upward, it vibrates and cleans by contacting the lower surface of the rising stirring plate. At the same time, the rising stirring plate contacts the stirring hammer and vibrates after being struck.

[0033] The fertilization unblocking component includes an unblocking guide sleeve whose upper port is connected to the fertilization output inverted cone pipe; and an unblocking rotary guide disc that is pushed to rotate within the unblocking guide sleeve;

[0034] A blockage-clearing top rod is provided on the blockage-clearing rotary guide plate, and blockage-clearing water inlet holes are distributed obliquely on the blockage-clearing rotary guide plate;

[0035] Impeller plates are provided on the end face of the unblocking rotary guide disc.

[0036] The metered irrigation assembly includes an irrigation branch pipe for delivering water and fertilizer; roots of irrigation capillary fibers extending into the soil are distributed on the irrigation branch pipe; and an upper end of an irrigation inlet pipe is provided at the lower end of the irrigation branch pipe.

[0037] An irrigation outlet storage head buried in the soil is connected to the lower end of the irrigation inlet pipe, and the irrigation outlet storage head is connected to the lower port of the irrigation air pump pipeline.

[0038] An irrigation V-shaped outlet is provided on the inclined side below the irrigation outlet storage head. An irrigation shield is hinged to the upper end of the irrigation V-shaped outlet, and an irrigation upper cover is connected to the upper end of the irrigation shield to cover the irrigation outlet storage head.

[0039] A fertilization process using an integrated water and fertilizer machine includes the following steps;

[0040] Step 1: According to the proportions of the prepared water-fertilizer mixture, the water-fertilizer mixture tank outputs water and fertilizer.

[0041] Step 2: Open the corresponding solenoid valve on the field pipeline to deliver water and fertilizer to the area to be irrigated. At the designated location on the field pipeline, pressurize the pipeline using the pressurization and replenishment component and mix in air bubbles or water and fertilizer.

[0042] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0043] When stirring is required, firstly, at the stirring work station, the auger stirs the water and fertilizer to prevent sedimentation and blockage; then, the stirring fixed support is moved, and the auger stirs different positions on the fertilizer tank; secondly, the stirring rotation vertical central axis rotates to move the auger to be cleaned to the stirring cleaning station and rotates; thirdly, the oscillating tilt brush swings down to contact the upper back side of the auger to clean the attached substances; then, the oscillating tilt brush swings up to contact the lower surface of the rising stirring lower plate for vibration cleaning, while the stirring lower plate rises to contact the stirring hammer and is struck and vibrated.

[0044] When it is necessary to clean the fertilizer output inverted cone pipe, firstly, the cleaning fluid is introduced into the unblocking guide sleeve; then, the cleaning fluid passes through the unblocking inlet and impeller, causing the unblocking rotating guide disc to rotate and clean the inner wall of the fertilizer output inverted cone pipe, and the fluid is collected and flushed through the inner cone surface.

[0045] First, water and fertilizer are output through the irrigation inlet pipe to the irrigation V-shaped outlet of the irrigation outlet storage head; then, the irrigation air pump pipeline, the irrigation inlet pipe and the irrigation V-shaped outlet form a Venturi tube, the irrigation baffle opens, thereby pressurizing and sending in gas mixed with air or carbon dioxide to supplement oxygen or carbon dioxide.

[0046] This invention is reasonably designed, low in cost, sturdy and durable, safe and reliable, simple to operate, time-saving and labor-saving, cost-saving, compact in structure and easy to use. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilizer mixing device of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilizer application and blockage removal component of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the field pipeline structure of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the correlation between the speed regulation ratio of the fertilizer injection pump and the EC value of the nutrient solution in this invention.

[0052] The components include: 1. Water and fertilizer mixing tank; 2. Water and fertilizer pipeline; 3. Fertilizer main control unit; 4. Light probe; 5. Temperature and humidity probe; 6. Water supply pipe; 7. Middle layer soil moisture probe; 8. Surface soil moisture probe; 9. Lower layer soil moisture probe; 10. Field pipeline; 11. Quantitative irrigation component; 12. Pressurization and replenishment component; 13. Fertilizer tank; 14. Fertilizer mixing device; 15. Fertilizer feeding pipeline; 16. Fertilizer output inverted cone pipeline; 17. Fertilizer unblocking component; 18. Mixing and cleaning moving shaft; 19. Mixing fixed support; 20. Mixing rotating support; 21. Mixing rotating guide ring rail; 22. Mixing rotating vertical center shaft. 23. Mixing work station; 24. Mixing cleaning station; 25. Mixing auger; 26. Mixing process trench; 27. Mixing oscillating tilting brush; 28. Mixing cleaning nozzle; 29. ​​Mixing fixing frame; 30. Mixing connecting spring; 31. Mixing lower tamping plate; 32. Mixing hammer; 33. Unblocking guide sleeve; 34. Unblocking rotating guide disc; 35. Unblocking top rod; 36. Unblocking water inlet hole; 37. Irrigation branch pipe; 38. Irrigation capillary fiber; 39. Irrigation air pump pipeline; 40. Irrigation inlet pipe; 41. Irrigation outlet storage head; 42. Irrigation V-shaped liquid outlet; 43. Irrigation shield; 44. Irrigation upper cover plate. Detailed Implementation

[0053] like Figure 5 Example 1: The present invention integrates precision irrigation decisions based on light intensity, time sequence and soil moisture, as well as two precision fertilization decisions based on proportion and EC value.

[0054] Among them, (a) Precision irrigation decision-making based on light intensity

[0055] Irrigation decisions based on light intensity are mainly divided into two modes: crop parameter model control and machine learning parameter control. Crop parameter model control automatically calculates the duration of a single irrigation session based on the following formula.

[0056] Formula (1) I = A * Wm * J

[0057] I: Single irrigation quota, unit: mL / m²; A: Irrigation coefficient; Wm: Cumulative solar radiation, unit: J / cm²; J: Water volume multiplier;

[0058] T=60*I*10-3 / (De*q) Formula (2)

[0059] T: Duration of a single irrigation, in min; I: Irrigation quota per irrigation, in mL / m²; De: Planting density, in plants / m²; q: Drip emitter flow rate, in L / h;

[0060] Producers input parameters such as crop, crop rotation, growth stage, planting density, and dripper flow rate into the fertigation machine based on planting conditions.

[0061] The irrigation coefficient is automatically determined based on the results of previous experiments and planting pre-sets for specific crop rotations at different growth stages. Producers can adjust the water volume multiplier function to adjust the irrigation quota calculated by the model. For example, the irrigation coefficient for spring tomatoes during the fruiting period is 3.0, the planting density is 3 plants / m², the dripper flow rate is 2L / h, and the water volume multiplier is set to 1.0. When the cumulative light radiation reaches 100J / cm², the single irrigation quota I = 3 * 100 * 1 = 300mL / m², and the single irrigation duration T = 60 * 300 * 10⁻³ / 3 * 2 = 3min. Therefore, when the cumulative light radiation reaches 100J / cm², the single irrigation duration is 3min.

[0062] In machine learning parameter control, if the cumulative solar radiation reaches 700 J / cm², the current weather is considered sunny. The system calculates the daily average radiation based on the average solar radiation of the past 5 sunny days. The daily average radiation value is automatically corrected once a month. Producers input the number of irrigations per day and the duration of each irrigation (in minutes) according to the planting situation. The system will then automatically calculate the solar radiation trigger threshold. For example, if the daily average radiation in December is 735 J / cm², and the producer wants to irrigate twice a day for 5 minutes each time, then the solar radiation reaches 735 / 2 = 367.5 J / cm², and irrigation will be started for 5 minutes. On cloudy days, the cumulative solar radiation rate is slower. If the solar radiation trigger threshold is not reached, irrigation will not be performed.

[0063] (b) Precision irrigation decisions based on time series and soil moisture

[0064] (b1) Irrigation decision based on time sequence control refers to automatically starting and stopping irrigation according to the start and end times set by the producer. The water and fertilizer integrated machine has three time periods and intervals, as well as an input port for the duration of a single irrigation session. For example, if the producer sets the irrigation time to 8:00 AM to 12:00 PM with an interval of 120 minutes and an irrigation time of 5 minutes, then the irrigation will start twice at 10:00 AM and 12:00 PM, and stop at 10:05 AM and 12:05 PM respectively.

[0065] (b2) Irrigation decision-making based on soil moisture control: A soil moisture probe is inserted within 10cm of the crop root system. Irrigation is managed according to the set upper and lower limits of soil moisture. For example, the input can be to start irrigation when the soil volumetric moisture content is below 20% and stop irrigation when it reaches 30%. This functional area also sets the allowed working time period and the daily irrigation duration limit. For example, if 8:00 to 16:00 is input, irrigation will not be carried out outside this time period, even if the lower irrigation limit of 20% is reached. Irrigation can only begin during the allowed working time period. The daily irrigation duration limit can be set to 200 minutes, for example, if 200 minutes is input, then irrigation is allowed for a maximum of 200 minutes per day, and irrigation will not be carried out even if the upper irrigation limit of 30% is not reached.

[0066] (c) Precision fertilization decision-making

[0067] Fertilizer is formulated according to the crop's nutrient requirements and dissolved in fertilizer tanks. A fertilizer pump then extracts the nutrient solution from the tanks. Precision fertilization control based on proportional adjustment requires the producer to input different fertilizer injection ratios for three tanks (A, B, and C). For example, A is set to 50%, B to 30%, and C to 20%. In this case, the fertilizer pump in tank A operates at 50% speed, B at 30%, and C at 20%, thus controlling the different fertilizer intake amounts in the three tanks. The EC value refers to the concentration of soluble salts in the solution and can also be used to represent the concentration of soluble ions in liquid fertilizers or planting media.

[0068] Based on EC value adjustment, a model is pre-made to determine the relationship between EC value and nutrient solution concentration. The speed of the fertilizer injection pump is automatically adjusted according to the EC value input by the producer, and the amount of fertilizer absorbed by the acid tank (usually tank C) is automatically adjusted according to the pH value input by the producer. Different fertilizer absorption ratios of A:B are also set. For example, if it is set to 2.0, the amount of fertilizer injected into tank A will be twice that of tank B, provided that the EC value reaches the input value.

[0069] Producers input fertilization time and flushing time according to planting needs, but the fertilization time must be less than or equal to the irrigation time. For example, if the irrigation time is 10 minutes, the fertilization time is 10 minutes, and the flushing time is 1 minute, then the nutrient solution will be irrigated for 10 minutes, followed by 1 minute of clean water flushing of the pipes.

[0070] (d) The integrated water and fertilizer machine uses a 10-inch touchscreen with a clearly defined control interface and simple functions. It is mainly divided into two sections: a display area and a control area. The display area includes four aspects: irrigation strategy, fertilization strategy, fertilizer main control unit information, and comprehensive information. Irrigation decisions can be made based on light radiation, timing, soil moisture, or manual control. The fertilization strategy displays the parameter settings related to fertilization, including fertilization duration, flushing duration, adjustment method, EC setting value, pH setting value, and AB fertilizer ratio. The fertilizer main control unit information displays the flow rate and daily flow rate of the main pipeline, channels A, B, and C, as well as the current real-time EC and pH values. The comprehensive information includes real-time data on air temperature, air humidity, substrate temperature, substrate humidity, light intensity, daily cumulative radiation, daily irrigation frequency, and daily irrigation duration. The control area mainly includes five functional areas: irrigation settings, fertilization settings, historical records, system settings, and screen lock. It allows for setting irrigation and fertilization parameters and querying historical records of the integrated water and fertilizer machine's operation.

[0071] The machine learning-based intelligent water and fertilizer integrated machine mainly consists of three parts: fertilization components, monitoring components, and control components. The fertilization components mainly include three fertilizer tanks (A, B, and C), a fertilizer pump, and a filter. The monitoring components mainly include a light radiation probe and a soil moisture probe. The control component is the main body of the fertilization main controller, responsible for collecting monitoring data such as light intensity and soil moisture, and issuing irrigation and fertilization instructions. It regulates the start and stop of the fertilizer pump and solenoid valve according to the irrigation and fertilization parameters set by the producer.

[0072] Specific field applications

[0073] Field trials and demonstrations were conducted in Changping District, Daxing District, and Miyun District of Beijing, covering an area of ​​8 mu (approximately 0.5 acres). The variety used in the trial at Xinchengyuan in Changping District was "Hongyan". The cultivation mode was elevated substrate cultivation. The fertilization control machine was installed on January 11. From January 11 to May 17 when the strawberry vines were harvested, a total of 46 cubic meters of water was used for 66 irrigations and fertilizations. The total working time of the fertilization control machine was 776 minutes. The sugar-acid ratio of the strawberries was 28.5, which was 8.5% higher than that of conventional management. The labor cost for irrigation and fertilization was reduced by 2 days per mu (approximately 0.06 acres).

[0074] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the machine learning-based intelligent water and fertilizer integrated machine of this embodiment includes a fertilization component, a monitoring component, and / or a control component.

[0075] The fertilization component includes a water-fertilizer mixing tank 1, which includes at least three fertilizer tanks 13; wherein the three fertilizer tanks 13 are fertilizer tank A, fertilizer tank B and fertilizer tank C.

[0076] The water-fertilizer mixing tank 1 is connected to the fertilizer main control unit 3, which serves as the control component, via the water-fertilizer pipeline 2;

[0077] A fertilizer output inverted cone pipe 16 with a fertilizer injection pump and / or filter is connected between the fertilizer tank 13 and the water and fertilizer pipeline 2.

[0078] The monitoring components include a light irradiation probe 4 for measuring light radiation, a temperature and humidity probe 5 and / or a probe for detecting soil moisture;

[0079] Fertilizer applicator control unit 3 is the main body of the fertilizer applicator control unit.

[0080] The control components include a processor, a database containing pre-test data, a power supply, and / or an execution circuit electrically connected to the processor for controlling the start and stop of the motor and / or solenoid valve of the fertilizer injection pump.

[0081] The processor is responsible for collecting monitoring data on light and soil moisture and issuing irrigation and fertilization instructions to the execution circuit to control the start and stop of the corresponding motor. According to the irrigation and fertilization parameters set by the producer, it regulates the start and stop of the fertilizer pump motor and / or solenoid valve.

[0082] The probes for detecting soil moisture include a surface soil moisture probe 8, a middle soil moisture probe 7 and / or a lower soil moisture probe 9, to monitor the moisture content and difference changes of the corresponding soil layers.

[0083] Temperature and humidity probe 5 is used to collect air temperature and relative humidity.

[0084] The water and fertilizer integrated machine of this embodiment includes a water and fertilizer collection chamber, which is connected to the output end of the water supply pipe 6, the input end of the field pipe 10 and the output end of the water and fertilizer pipeline 2; the water and fertilizer mixing tank 1 is connected to the input end of the water and fertilizer pipeline 2.

[0085] A quantitative irrigation component 11 and a pressurization supply component 12 are distributed on the field pipeline 10.

[0086] The water-fertilizer mixing tank 1 includes a fertilizer tank body 13; a fertilizer mixing device 14 and a fertilizer feeding pipe 15 are provided on the upper part of the fertilizer tank body 13;

[0087] A fertilizer output inverted cone pipe 16 with a fertilizer injection pump is provided at the lower end of the fertilizer tank 13;

[0088] The fertilizer output inverted cone pipe 16 is designed with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part; a fertilizer unblocking component 17 is also connected to the lower part of the fertilizer output inverted cone pipe 16.

[0089] The fertilizer mixing device 14 includes a mixing and cleaning moving shaft 18 with rotation and telescopic movement; a mixing fixed support 19 is provided at the cantilever end of the mixing and cleaning moving shaft 18; and a mixing rotation vertical center shaft 22 is vertically rotated on the 45-degree inclined surface of the mixing fixed support 19.

[0090] At the end of the vertically rotating central axis 22, there is a 45-degree inclined surface of the stirring support 20.

[0091] A stirring rotation guide ring rail 21, which corresponds to the stirring fixed support 19 and is coaxial with the stirring rotation vertical center axis 22, is provided on the inclined surface of the stirring rotation support 20.

[0092] An agitator 25 is provided on the agitator support 20 for agitating the water and fertilizer in the fertilizer tank 13.

[0093] The agitator 25 has a downward-facing agitation work station 23 located inside the fertilizer tank 13, and a horizontal agitator 25 facing away from the fertilizer tank 13 agitation and cleaning work station 24.

[0094] A mixing process groove 26 is provided on the outer wall of the mixing auger 25;

[0095] A stirring and oscillating inclined brush 27 is provided on the stirring and cleaning station 24; a stirring and cleaning nozzle 28 is provided on the stirring and oscillating inclined brush 27 to blow away the attached material.

[0096] A stirring fixing frame 29 is provided above the stirring oscillating tilting brush 27; a number of stirring connecting springs 30 are connected to the lower end of the stirring fixing frame 29; a stirring lower plate 31 is connected to the lower end of the stirring connecting springs 30; and a stirring hammer 32 is provided at the lower end of the stirring fixing frame 29 to contact the upper surface of the rising stirring lower plate 31.

[0097] After the tilting brush 27 swings down, it contacts the upper back side of the agitator 25 to clean the attached material.

[0098] After the tilting brush 27 swings upward, it vibrates and cleans by contacting the lower surface of the rising stirring lower plate 31. At the same time, the stirring lower plate 31 rises and contacts the stirring hammer 32, which then vibrates after being struck.

[0099] The fertilizer unblocking component 17 includes an unblocking guide sleeve 33 whose upper port is connected to the fertilizer output inverted cone pipe 16; and an unblocking rotary guide disc 34 that is pushed to rotate in the unblocking guide sleeve 33.

[0100] A blockage-clearing top rod 35 is provided on the blockage-clearing rotary guide plate 34, and blockage-clearing water inlet holes 36 are obliquely distributed on the blockage-clearing rotary guide plate 34.

[0101] A pulsator plate is provided on the end face of the unblocking rotary guide plate 34.

[0102] The quantitative irrigation component 11 includes an irrigation branch pipe 37 for delivering water and fertilizer; the roots of irrigation capillary fibers 38 extending into the soil are distributed on the irrigation branch pipe 37; and the upper end of an irrigation inlet pipe 40 is provided at the lower end of the irrigation branch pipe 37.

[0103] An irrigation outlet storage head 41 buried in the soil is connected to the lower end of the irrigation inlet pipe 40, and the irrigation outlet storage head 41 is connected to the lower port of the irrigation air pump pipeline 39.

[0104] An irrigation V-shaped outlet 42 is provided on the inclined side of the irrigation outlet storage head 41. An irrigation shield 43 is hinged to the upper end of the irrigation V-shaped outlet 42. An irrigation upper cover 44 is connected to the upper end of the irrigation shield 43 to shield the irrigation outlet storage head 41.

[0105] The fertilization process of the integrated water and fertilizer machine in this embodiment includes the following steps;

[0106] Step 1: According to the proportion of the water-fertilizer mixing tank 1, the water-fertilizer mixing tank 1 outputs water and fertilizer.

[0107] Step 2: Open the corresponding solenoid valve on the field pipeline 10 to deliver water and fertilizer to the area to be irrigated. At the set pipeline position on the field pipeline 10, pressurize and mix in air bubbles or water and fertilizer through the pressurization and replenishment component 12.

[0108] When stirring is required, firstly, at the stirring work station 23, the stirring auger 25 stirs the water and fertilizer to prevent sedimentation and blockage; then, the stirring fixed support 19 is moved, and the stirring auger 25 stirs different positions of the fertilizer tank 13; secondly, the stirring rotation vertical central axis 22 rotates to swing the stirring auger 25 to be cleaned to the stirring cleaning station 24 and rotates; thirdly, after the stirring swing tilt brush 27 swings down, it contacts the upper back side of the stirring auger 25 to clean the attached substances; after that, after the stirring swing tilt brush 27 swings up, it contacts the lower surface of the rising stirring lower plate 31 to vibrate and clean, while the stirring lower plate 31 rises to contact the stirring hammer 32 and is struck and vibrated.

[0109] When it is necessary to clean the fertilizer output inverted cone pipe 16, firstly, the cleaning guide sleeve 33 is used to send in cleaning fluid; then, the cleaning fluid passes through the cleaning inlet 36 and the impeller plate, causing the cleaning rotating guide disc 34 to rotate, thereby achieving the rotational cleaning of the inner wall of the fertilizer output inverted cone pipe 16, and the fluid is collected and flushed through the inner cone surface.

[0110] First, water and fertilizer are output through irrigation inlet pipe 40 to irrigation V-shaped outlet 42 of irrigation outlet storage head 41; then, irrigation air pump pipeline 39 forms a venturi tube with irrigation inlet pipe 40 and irrigation V-shaped outlet 42, and irrigation baffle 43 is opened, thereby pressurizing and sending in gas mixed with air or carbon dioxide to supplement oxygen or carbon dioxide.

[0111] This invention achieves stirring in the water-fertilizer mixing tank 1, preventing blockages, ensuring uniform mixing, and automatically cleaning and replacing the brush. It utilizes a light probe 4, a temperature and humidity probe 5 for detection, a water supply pipe 6 for water replenishment, and middle-layer soil moisture probes 7, surface soil moisture probes 8, and lower-layer soil moisture probes 9 for detecting different soil layers. Field pipes 10 are distributed throughout the field. A quantitative irrigation component 11 enables precise irrigation. A pressurization and replenishment component 12 utilizes the Venturi principle for pressurization and replenishment. A fertilizer output inverted cone pipe 16 allows for rapid descent. A fertilizer unblocking component 17 flushes the pipes. A stirring and cleaning moving shaft 18 allows for free movement. The invention also includes a stirring fixed support 19, a stirring rotating support 20, a stirring rotating guide ring rail 21, and a stirring rotating vertical central axis 22. The changes in the mixing work station 23 and the mixing and cleaning work station 24 are as follows: the mixing auger 25 realizes mixing; the mixing process groove 26 facilitates the falling off of attached materials; the mixing swing tilting brush 27 realizes rapid tangential cleaning of water and fertilizer attached materials; the mixing cleaning nozzle 28 realizes air blowing cleaning; the mixing fixed frame 29 serves as a carrier; the mixing connecting spring 30 realizes vibration shaking; the mixing lower plate 31 realizes cleaning by striking with the brush; the mixing hammer 32 realizes vibration cleaning; the irrigation capillary fiber 38 realizes water seepage to keep moist; the irrigation air pump pipeline 39 realizes gas replenishment and loosening; the irrigation outlet storage head 41 realizes periodic irrigation; the irrigation V-shaped liquid outlet 42 forms a V-shaped opening for easy opening; the irrigation shield 43 realizes sealing; and the irrigation upper cover 44 covers the soil.

[0112] The present invention has been described in detail for the purpose of making the disclosure clearer, and the prior art will not be listed in detail.

[0113] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that multiple technical solutions of the present invention can be combined. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fertilizer applicator based on precision irrigation decision-making, characterized in that: It includes a water and fertilizer collection chamber, which is connected to the output end of a water supply pipe (6), the input end of a field pipe (10), and the output end of a water and fertilizer pipeline (2); the water and fertilizer mixing tank (1) is connected to the input end of the water and fertilizer pipeline (2); A quantitative irrigation component (11) and a pressurized supply component (12) are distributed on the field pipeline (10); The water-fertilizer mixing tank (1) includes a fertilizer tank (13); a fertilizer mixing device (14) and a fertilizer feeding pipe (15) are installed on the upper part of the fertilizer tank (13); A fertilizer output inverted cone pipe (16) with a fertilizer injection pump is provided at the lower end of the fertilizer tank (13); The fertilizer output inverted cone pipe (16) is designed with a larger top and a smaller bottom; a fertilizer unblocking component (17) is also connected to the lower part of the fertilizer output inverted cone pipe (16); The fertilizer mixing device (14) includes a mixing and cleaning moving shaft (18) with rotation and telescopic movement; a mixing fixed support (19) is provided at the cantilever end of the mixing and cleaning moving shaft (18); and a mixing rotation vertical central shaft (22) is rotatably provided on the 45-degree inclined surface of the mixing fixed support (19). A 45-degree inclined surface is provided at the end of the vertical central axis (22) for stirring rotation, on which a stirring rotation support (20) is rotatably provided; A stirring rotation guide ring rail (21) is provided on the inclined surface of the stirring rotation support (20), which corresponds to the stirring fixed support (19) and is coaxial with the stirring rotation vertical center axis (22); An agitator (25) for agitating the water and fertilizer in the fertilizer tank (13) is provided on the agitator support (20); The agitator (25) has a downward-facing agitation work station (23) located inside the fertilizer tank (13), and a horizontal agitator (25) facing away from the fertilizer tank (13) agitation and cleaning work station (24). A mixing process groove (26) is provided on the outer wall of the mixing auger (25); A stirring and oscillating inclined brush (27) is provided on the stirring and cleaning station (24); a stirring and cleaning nozzle (28) is provided on the stirring and oscillating inclined brush (27) for blowing away the attached material downwards; A stirring fixing frame (29) is provided above the stirring oscillating tilting brush (27); a number of stirring connecting springs (30) are connected to the lower end of the stirring fixing frame (29); a stirring lower plate (31) is connected to the lower end of the stirring connecting springs (30); and a stirring hammer (32) is provided at the lower end of the stirring fixing frame (29) for contacting the upper surface of the rising stirring lower plate (31). After the oscillating tilt brush (27) swings down, it contacts the upper back side of the auger (25) to clean the attached material; After the tilting brush (27) swings up, it contacts the lower surface of the rising stirring lower plate (31) and vibrates to clean it. At the same time, the stirring lower plate (31) rises and contacts the stirring hammer (32) and is struck and vibrated. The fertilization unblocking component (17) includes an unblocking guide sleeve (33) whose upper port is connected to the fertilization output inverted cone pipe (16); an unblocking rotary guide disc (34) that is pushed and rotated is provided in the unblocking guide sleeve (33); A blockage-clearing top rod (35) is provided on the blockage-clearing rotary guide plate (34), and blockage-clearing water inlet holes (36) are obliquely distributed on the blockage-clearing rotary guide plate (34); A pulsator is provided on the end face of the unblocking rotary guide disc (34); The quantitative irrigation component (11) includes an irrigation branch pipe (37) for delivering water and fertilizer; irrigation capillary fibers (38) extending into the soil are distributed on the irrigation branch pipe (37); the lower end of the irrigation branch pipe (37) is connected to the upper end of the irrigation inlet pipe (40); An irrigation outlet storage head (41) buried in the soil is connected to the lower end of the irrigation inlet pipe (40), and the irrigation outlet storage head (41) is connected to the lower port of the irrigation air pump pipeline (39). An irrigation V-shaped outlet (42) is provided on the inclined side of the irrigation outlet storage head (41). An irrigation shield (43) is hinged to the upper end of the irrigation V-shaped outlet (42). An irrigation upper cover (44) is connected to the upper end of the irrigation shield (43) to block the irrigation outlet storage head (41).

2. A fertilization process using an integrated water and fertilizer machine, characterized in that: Using the fertilizer applicator as described in claim 1; The process includes the following steps: Step 1: According to the water-fertilizer ratio prepared in the water-fertilizer mixing tank (1), the water-fertilizer mixing tank (1) outputs water and fertilizer; Step 2: Open the corresponding solenoid valve on the field pipeline (10) to deliver water and fertilizer to the area to be irrigated, and pressurize and mix air bubbles or water and fertilizer at the set pipeline position on the field pipeline (10) through the pressurization supply component (12); When stirring is required, firstly, at the stirring work station (23), the stirring auger (25) stirs the water and fertilizer to prevent sedimentation and blockage; then, the stirring fixed support (19) is moved, and the stirring auger (25) stirs different positions of the fertilizer tank (13); secondly, the stirring rotation vertical central axis (22) rotates to swing the stirring auger (25) to be cleaned to the stirring cleaning station (24); thirdly, after the stirring swing tilt brush (27) swings down, it contacts the upper back side of the stirring auger (25) to clean the attached substances; then, after the stirring swing tilt brush (27) swings up, it contacts the lower surface of the stirring lower plate (31) that is in contact with the rising stirring plate and vibrates to clean, while the stirring lower plate (31) rises to contact the stirring hammer (32) and is struck and vibrated. When it is necessary to clean the fertilizer output inverted cone pipe (16), firstly, the cleaning guide sleeve (33) is filled with cleaning fluid; then, the cleaning fluid passes through the cleaning inlet hole (36) and the impeller plate, causing the cleaning rotating guide plate (34) to rotate, thereby achieving the rotation cleaning of the inner wall of the fertilizer output inverted cone pipe (16), and the inner cone surface is used for collection and flushing.

3. The fertilization process of the integrated water and fertilizer machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step two, firstly, water and fertilizer are output through the irrigation inlet pipe (40) to the irrigation V-shaped outlet (42) of the irrigation outlet storage head (41); then, the irrigation air pump pipeline (39) forms a venturi tube with the irrigation inlet pipe (40) and the irrigation V-shaped outlet (42), and the irrigation shield (43) is opened, thereby pressurizing and sending the gas mixed with air or carbon dioxide into the soil.

Images