A method for breeding a new strain of recessive white-feather chicken with black primary feathers and application thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of poultry breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method of a new recessive white-feather chicken strain with black primary feathers and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: special cocks and hens with black primary feathers and white feathers in adulthood are separated and identified from Juzhou black chicken genetic resources, and used as parents of the new strain to establish a family line, implement artificial insemination, collect and hatch eggs to obtain a first filial generation; the first filial generation chicks have black primary feathers and white feathers in adulthood, and are closed and inbred for 3-4 generations to obtain the new recessive white-feather chicken strain. The new strain chicken of the present application has unique strain characteristics: the chicks have black primary feathers and white feathers in adulthood, and have a significant anti-fake mark, which can be used for breeding of a high-quality chicken complete line and effectively protect breeding materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of poultry breeding technology, specifically relating to the breeding and application of a new breed of recessive white-feathered chicken with black initial feathers. Background Technology

[0002] my country has a wide variety of local chicken breeds. The "Chinese Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources: Poultry" published in 2011 lists 107 breeds. These breeds are characterized by their beautiful appearance, tender meat, delicious flavor, rich broth, and high nutritional value. However, they have a slow growth rate and low feed conversion rate.

[0003] The Juzhou Black-boned Chicken is a newly discovered local chicken genetic resource in Rizhao City, Shandong Province. Sexually mature individuals are characterized by black feathers, black skin, black meat, black bones, black internal organs, black comb, black wattles, single or double combs, partially feathered legs, and the laying of green-shelled or pink-shelled eggs. During the purebred breeding and genetic trait identification of the Juzhou Black-boned Chicken, a few special individuals were discovered whose chicks had black initial feathers but turned white feathers in adulthood, representing a rare type of feather color genetic variation.

[0004] Multiple major genes and numerous modifying genes determine chicken feather color, leading to variations in feather color even among breeds with the same major genes but different genetic backgrounds. For example, the white feather trait in common recessive white-feathered chickens is controlled by the TYR (tyrosinase) gene, but a few individuals in Israeli recessive white-feathered chickens have smoky gray feather tips, and a few individuals in French recessive white-feathered chickens have yellow feather tips. The new recessive white-feathered chicken strain described in this invention has black feathers at birth, turns white at sexual maturity, and is genetically stable. Currently, no recessive white-feathered chicken strains with this characteristic have been reported. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for breeding a new recessive white-feathered chicken strain, and at the same time, to provide a method for the application of this germplasm resource.

[0006] A method for breeding a new recessive white-feathered chicken strain according to a specific embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0007] (1) Sexually mature roosters and hens are selected as parent stock. After insemination, the eggs are collected and incubated to obtain the first generation of offspring. The roosters and hens are both black-feathered.

[0008] (2) The first generation of chicks obtained in step (1) all have black feathers. Select roosters with white feathers after adulthood and breed them with hens to obtain the second generation.

[0009] (3) The second-generation chicks obtained in step (2) all have black feathers, and the adults all have white feathers. The obtained chickens were testcrossed with the variegated chicken breed, and individuals whose offspring all have black feathers were selected to form a base group. Closed-loop breeding was carried out to obtain a new recessive white-feathered chicken strain.

[0010] Among them, the breed of Ma Yu chicken can be Langya chicken, or other Ma Yu chicken breeds that are readily available to those skilled in the art.

[0011] A method for breeding a new recessive white-feathered chicken strain according to a specific embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0012] (1) Select roosters and hens of Juzhou black-bone chickens whose initial feathers are black and whose feathers are white after adulthood, and form a family line to breed the first generation;

[0013] (2) The F1 generation chicks obtained in step (1) have black feathers when they are first born, and all of them have white feathers when they grow up. Select sexually mature male and female individuals with symmetrical body shape, good health and activity, weight above average and no genetic defects to form a basic group, and conduct closed-loop breeding to obtain a new recessive white-feathered chicken strain.

[0014] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, a method for breeding a new breed of recessive white-feathered chicken with black initial feathers is described in step (1). In step (1), the roosters and hens in the parent stock are both Juzhou black-boned chickens. Juzhou black-boned chickens are local genetic resources in Rizhao City, Shandong Province. Sexually mature individuals are characterized by black feathers, black skin, black meat, black bones, black internal organs, black comb, black wattles, single or double comb, some feathered legs, and laying green or pink-shelled eggs. Among them, white-skinned individuals account for about 6%, and white-feathered individuals account for about 10%.

[0015] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, a method for breeding a new breed of recessive white-feathered chicken with black initial feathers is described in step (2), where the chicken is continuously bred for 3 to 4 generations to obtain the new breed of recessive white-feathered chicken.

[0016] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, a new breed of recessive white-feathered chicken with black initial feathers is obtained. The resulting recessive white-feathered chicken breed has the characteristics of black initial feathers in chicks and white feathers in adulthood. The skin is white or black, the body size is small and compact, the adult rooster weighs about 1800g and the adult hen weighs about 1200g. It lays green-shelled or pink-shelled eggs, with an egg weight of 40-43g. The meat is tender and the egg has a rich aroma.

[0017] The present invention also provides the application of the new recessive white-feathered chicken strain obtained by the above-mentioned breeding method.

[0018] The application of the new recessive white-feathered chicken strain according to a specific embodiment of the present invention involves using the newly bred recessive white-feathered chicken strain as the paternal line and matching it with the maternal line of a mottled or black-feathered chicken breed, resulting in offspring that are all black-feathered.

[0019] The application of the new recessive white-feathered chicken strain according to a specific embodiment of the present invention involves using the newly bred recessive white-feathered chicken strain as the maternal line and matching it with the paternal line of a mottled or black-feathered chicken breed, resulting in offspring that are all black-feathered.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0021] This invention uses the Juzhou Black-boned Chicken, a local genetic resource in Rizhao City, Shandong Province, as the raw material. Using entirely black-feathered roosters and hens as parents, a new recessive white-feathered chicken strain was obtained through phenotypic selection, purification breeding, and closed-cell progeny. The resulting new strain is smaller in size, more compact in structure, has tender meat, a rich egg flavor, and possesses a unique breed identifier: chicks have black feathers at hatching, and adult feathers are entirely white. Currently, no other recessive white-feathered chicken breeds with this characteristic have been reported.

[0022] Furthermore, when the new strain obtained by this invention is crossbred with variegated or black-feathered chicken breeds, all offspring will be black-feathered. The new strain obtained by this invention enriches the diversity of existing white-feathered chicken breeds. Due to its highly distinctive anti-counterfeiting features, it can be used to cultivate high-quality chicken breeding lines and effectively protect breeding materials. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 Comparison of feather color between Juzhou black-boned chicken chicks and the new strain chicks of this invention, wherein A represents Juzhou black-boned chicken chicks; B represents the new strain chicks; C represents Juzhou black-boned chicken chicks at 14 days old; and D represents the new strain chicks at 14 days old.

[0024] Figure 2 The images show a comparison of the plumage of Juzhou black-bone chickens and the new strain of chickens of this invention at 42 days of age. In the images, A represents Juzhou black-bone chickens at 42 days of age, and B represents the new strain at 42 days of age. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0026] In this invention, the phenotype of chicks is black feathers, meaning that the chicks' down feathers are mainly black, with yellowish-white feathers on the neck and abdomen; the phenotype of adult chickens is black feathers, meaning that the feathers are all black; the phenotype of adult chickens is white feathers, meaning that the feathers are all white.

[0027] Example 1: Breeding a new recessive white-feathered chicken strain

[0028] The method for breeding a new breed of recessive white-feathered chicken with black initial feathers according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0029] (1) Select sexually mature roosters and hens with symmetrical body shape, good health and liveliness and weight above average weight from the genetic resources of Juzhou black chicken. The feathers of the roosters and hens are black. After insemination by mixed insemination, collect the eggs and incubate them to obtain the F1 generation.

[0030] (2) The F1 chicks obtained in step (1) have black initial feathers. A few individuals have their feathers turn white around 10 days old, and all of them turn white around 6 weeks old. Select healthy roosters and hens with white feathers to breed in a purebred group to obtain the F2 generation.

[0031] (3) The F2 generation chicks have black feathers when they are first born, and all their feathers are white when they grow up. Select sexually mature male and female individuals with a symmetrical body shape, good health and activity, and a weight of average weight or above to form a basic group and continue breeding in a closed generation.

[0032] (4) Continuous breeding for 3 to 4 generations to obtain a new recessive white-feathered chicken strain.

[0033] The resulting recessive white-feathered chicken breed has black chicks that turn white as adults. The skin is white or black. The chickens are small and compact. Adult roosters weigh about 1800g and adult hens weigh about 1200g. They lay green-shelled or pink-shelled eggs, which weigh 40-43g. The meat is tender and the eggs have a rich aroma.

[0034] New breed adult weight and body size statistics table

[0035] Body weight (g) 1798.5±198.6 1205.0±125.5 Body oblique length (cm) 17.3±0.71 16.2±0.75 Chest width (cm) 6.5±0.61 5.9±0.46 Chest depth (cm) 10.2±0.62 8.8±0.53 Keel length (cm) 11.5±0.77 9.2±0.62 Tibia length (cm) 7.9±0.41 6.5±0.33 Tibia circumference (cm) 4.0±0.32 3.8±0.2

[0036] A comparison diagram of Juzhou black-bone chicken and the new strain obtained in this invention is shown below. Figure 1 , 2 As shown.

[0037] Example 2: Verification and Application of the Novel Recessive White-feathered Chicken Breed of the Present Invention

[0038] The recessive white-feathered chicken breed roosters obtained by the breeding method of this invention were artificially inseminated with other black-feathered chicken breed hens (such as Shouguang Black Chicken) at a ratio of 1:10. The hatching eggs were collected and incubated, resulting in 560 chicks, all of which were black-feathered. The adult chickens were also all black-feathered.

[0039] Black-feathered chicken breeds (such as Shouguang Black Chicken) roosters and recessive white-feathered chicken breed hens obtained by the breeding method of this invention were artificially inseminated at a ratio of 1:10. Hatching of the eggs resulted in 732 chicks, all of which were black-feathered. The adult chickens were also all black-feathered.

[0040] The recessive white-feathered chicken breed roosters and hens of speckled-feathered chicken breeds (such as Langya chickens) obtained by the breeding method of this invention were artificially inseminated at a ratio of 1:10. The hatching eggs were collected and incubated, and 1021 chicks hatched, all of which were black-feathered. The adult chickens were also all black-feathered.

[0041] A male hen of a breed of black-feathered chicken (such as Langya chicken) was artificially inseminated with a female hen of a recessive white-feathered chicken strain obtained by the breeding method of this invention at a ratio of 1:10. The eggs were collected and incubated, and 483 chicks hatched, all of which were black-feathered. The adult chickens were also all black-feathered.

[0042] The recessive white-feathered chicken breed roosters obtained by the breeding method of this invention were artificially inseminated with recessive white-feathered chicken (such as recessive White Locker) hens at a ratio of 1:10. The hatching eggs were collected and incubated, and 571 chicks were born, all of which were white-feathered.

[0043] A rooster of the recessive white-feathered chicken breed (such as the recessive White Locke chicken) and a hen of the recessive white-feathered chicken breed obtained by the breeding method of this invention were artificially inseminated at a ratio of 1:10. The eggs were collected and incubated, and 513 chicks hatched, all of which were white-feathered.

[0044] The specific results are shown in the table below:

[0045] New Variety Feather Color Verification Statistics Table

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] By crossing the recessive white-feathered chicken strain obtained by the breeding method of this invention with other black-feathered chicken breeds (such as Shouguang Black Chicken) and mottled-feathered chicken breeds (such as Langya Chicken), and the offspring of both forward and reverse crosses are all black-feathered, it can be inferred that the white-feathered chicken is a recessive white-feathered chicken with homozygous black-feather genes.

[0049] In actual production, when the white-feathered chicken strain of this invention is crossbred with other black-feathered chicken breeds (such as Shouguang Black Chicken) and speckled-feathered chicken breeds (such as Langya Chicken), the commercial offspring are all black-feathered, but white-feathered individuals may appear during self-breeding. Therefore, the application of the recessive white-feathered new strain of this invention in production can effectively protect breeding materials.

[0050] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The application of a novel recessive white-feathered chicken strain with black initial feathers in poultry breeding, characterized in that, The method for cultivating the new strain includes the following steps: (1) Special roosters and hens with black feathers at birth and white feathers at adulthood were separated from Juzhou black-bone chickens and used as parents to breed new strains. Family lines were established and artificial insemination was carried out. Hatching eggs were collected and hatched to obtain the first generation of offspring. (2) In the first generation obtained in step (1), the chicks have black initial feathers and white feathers after adulthood; select sexually mature male and female individuals with symmetrical body shape, good health and liveliness, weight above average weight and no genetic defects to form a basic group, carry out closed generation selection and breeding, and continuously select and breed for 3 to 4 generations to obtain a new recessive white-feathered chicken strain with stable genetic performance. The chicks of the newly obtained recessive white-feathered chicken strain have black initial feathers, and all their feathers are white after adulthood; The aforementioned recessive white-feathered chicken strain was used as a specialized paternal line and paired with a mottled or black-feathered chicken maternal line to obtain offspring with black feathers all over their bodies. The aforementioned recessive white-feathered chicken strain was used as a specialized maternal line and paired with a mottled or black-feathered chicken paternal line to obtain offspring with entirely black feathers.

2. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adult roosters of the newly obtained recessive white-feathered chicken strain weigh 1700-2000g, and the adult hens weigh 1000-1300g.

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