Antenna device and electronic device

Abstract

The application provides an antenna device and an electronic device, wherein the antenna device comprises a ground plate, a magnetic material and at least two radiators, the ground plate is provided with a feed circuit; the adjacent two radiators have a spacing, the radiators are connected with the feed circuit; the magnetic material is arranged between the ground plate and the radiators, and at least part of the magnetic material covers the electric field intensity area of each radiator. By loading the magnetic material with appropriate permittivity and permeability and appropriate size between the radiators and the ground plate, the common mode impedance can be adjusted, the distribution relationship of the magnetic field and the electric field is affected, the common mode impedance can be adjusted to be consistent or close to the differential mode impedance, so that the isolation between the two antennas can be improved under the condition that the two antennas have a small spacing, and meanwhile, the miniaturization design of the antenna device is facilitated, the space occupation of the antenna device in the electronic device is reduced, and the miniaturization design of the electronic device is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna device and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of communication technology, the demand for antennas is increasing. However, the space available for antennas in electronic devices is limited, and the trend towards miniaturization of devices is also causing the distance between antennas to decrease. This leads to increased mutual coupling between antenna ports, resulting in degraded antenna performance and affecting the communication experience. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide an antenna device and electronic device that can achieve a high degree of isolation when there is a small gap between two adjacent antenna devices.

[0004] The first aspect of this application provides an antenna device, comprising:

[0005] The floor, on which a power supply circuit is provided;

[0006] At least two radiators, with a spacing between adjacent radiators, and the radiators are connected to the power supply circuit;

[0007] A magnetic material is disposed between the floor and the radiator, and at least a portion of the magnetic material covers the electric field strength region of each of the radiators.

[0008] This application utilizes a magnetic material with appropriate dielectric constant, permeability, and size, loaded between the radiator and the ground plane, to adjust the common-mode impedance and influence the distribution of magnetic and electric fields. This allows the common-mode impedance to be adjusted to match or nearly match the differential-mode impedance. Furthermore, it enables improved isolation between two antennas with a small gap, without altering the radiator size, ground plane size, or feed circuit location. This facilitates miniaturization of the antenna device, reduces its space occupation within electronic equipment, and ultimately contributes to the miniaturization of electronic devices.

[0009] In one possible design, the antenna device further includes a dielectric substrate disposed between the ground plane and the radiator, and the dielectric substrate is connected to the magnetic material. The dielectric substrate ensures the reliability of the connection with the magnetic material and the radiator, thereby ensuring the overall structural reliability of the antenna device.

[0010] In one possible design, the magnetic material is disposed between the dielectric substrate and the ground plane, and / or the magnetic material is disposed between the dielectric substrate and the radiator, and / or the magnetic material is embedded in the dielectric substrate, thereby improving the flexibility of the magnetic material arrangement and facilitating the design and manufacturing of the antenna device.

[0011] In one possible design, the radiator is a metal sheet, with one side of the radiator attached to the magnetic material and / or dielectric substrate in the thickness direction. The radiator can be configured as a microstrip patch antenna, and decoupling of two microstrip patch antennas can be achieved by loading magnetic material between the radiator and the ground plane.

[0012] In one possible design, the radiators have edges along the arrangement direction of two adjacent radiators; the projection of the magnetic material at least partially covers the edges along the thickness direction of the radiators. A certain region at the edge of the radiator is a region of strong electric field. By placing the magnetic material at the edge of the radiator, the magnetic material can cover the region of strong electric field, thereby significantly adjusting the distribution of the magnetic and electric fields. This allows the common-mode impedance to be adjusted to be consistent with or nearly consistent with the differential-mode impedance, thus achieving decoupling between the two antennas.

[0013] In one possible design, the magnetic permeability of the magnetic material is greater than 1, specifically in the range of 1 to 50, which can achieve a good decoupling effect.

[0014] In one possible design, the area of ​​the ground plane is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the magnetic material and the radiator. A larger ground plane area can negatively impact the antenna's impedance characteristics, making impedance matching difficult and hindering decoupling of the two antennas without the presence of magnetic material. In this embodiment, by loading a magnetic material with appropriate dielectric constant, permeability, and size, the isolation between adjacent antennas can be improved, achieving decoupling even with a larger ground plane area.

[0015] In one possible design, two adjacent radiators are arranged symmetrically.

[0016] In one possible design, the radiator is provided with a feed point, and the radiator is electrically connected to the feed circuit through the feed point. The feed points on two adjacent radiators are symmetrically arranged along the arrangement direction of two adjacent radiators.

[0017] In one possible design, the radiator is provided with a feed point, and the radiator is electrically connected to the feed circuit through the feed point. The feed points on two adjacent radiators are arranged asymmetrically.

[0018] In one possible design, two adjacent radiators are asymmetrically positioned. This asymmetrical feed point arrangement affects the common-mode impedance and makes impedance matching difficult without the addition of magnetic material, preventing the common-mode and differential-mode impedances from aligning. In this embodiment, by loading a magnetic material with appropriate dielectric constant, permeability, and size, the isolation between the two antennas can be improved and decoupling achieved in complex environments with asymmetrical feed points on the radiators.

[0019] In one possible design, the radiator forms a slot antenna, a wire antenna, an IFA antenna, a left-handed antenna, or a loop antenna.

[0020] A second aspect of this application also provides an electronic device, which includes the antenna device provided in the first aspect of this application.

[0021] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of an electronic device with the antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application in a wireless communication scenario;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The side view of the antenna device shown;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The side view of the antenna device shown;

[0031] Figure 10A return loss coefficient and isolation curve of an antenna device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna device without the use of magnetic materials.

[0033] Figure 12 The graph shows the return loss coefficient and isolation of the antenna device without the presence of magnetic materials.

[0034] Figure 13 for Figure 8 The radiation pattern of the antenna device shown;

[0035] Figure 14 for Figure 11 The radiation pattern of the antenna device shown;

[0036] Figure 15 for Figure 8 The antenna device shown and Figure 11 The diagram shows a comparison of the radiation efficiencies of the antenna devices shown.

[0037] Figure 16 A return loss coefficient and isolation curve of an antenna device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 17 The graph shows the return loss coefficient and isolation of the antenna device without the presence of magnetic materials.

[0039] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 19 for Figure 18 The side view of the antenna device shown;

[0041] Figure 20 This is a comparison of the return loss coefficient and isolation curves of the antenna device before and after the magnetic material is applied.

[0042] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 22 for Figure 21 The diagram shows a comparison of the return loss coefficient and isolation curves of the antenna device before and after the addition of magnetic material.

[0044] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 24 for Figure 23 The diagram shows a comparison of the return loss coefficient and isolation curves of the antenna device before and after the addition of magnetic material.

[0046] Figure 25 A side view of an antenna device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 26 for Figure 25 The diagram shows a comparison of the return loss coefficient and isolation curves of the antenna device before and after the addition of magnetic material.

[0048] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 28 for Figure 27 The diagram shows a comparison of the return loss coefficient and isolation curves of the antenna device before and after the addition of magnetic material.

[0050] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 30 for Figure 29 The side view of the antenna device shown;

[0052] Figure 31 for Figure 29 The diagram shows a comparison of the return loss coefficient and isolation curves of the antenna device before and after the addition of magnetic material. Attached image description:

[0054] 100-Electronic Devices

[0055] 200-base station

[0056] 300-Satellite

[0057] 1-Floor

[0058] 2-Radiator

[0059] 21-Edge

[0060] 3-Feeding Circuit

[0061] 4-Magnetic Materials

[0062] 5-Dielectric substrate

[0063] 1A-Floor

[0064] 2A-Radiator

[0065] 3A-Dielectric Substrate

[0066] Z - Thickness direction.

[0067] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0068] To better understand the technical solutions of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0069] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; unless otherwise specified or explained, the term "multiple" refers to two or more; the terms "connected," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0070] With the development of communication technology, the demand for antennas is increasing. However, the space available for antennas in electronic devices is limited, and the trend towards miniaturization is leading to smaller distances between antennas. This results in increased mutual coupling between antenna ports, causing antenna performance degradation. Traditional methods for antenna decoupling involve introducing parasitic structures between the two antennas. The aim is to ensure that the direct coupling current or electric field between the two antennas and the indirect coupling current or electric field generated by the parasitic structure are of equal amplitude and opposite direction, thus canceling each other out and achieving decoupling. However, the parasitic structures introduced by this decoupling method occupy additional space, hindering the miniaturization design of antennas and electronic devices, offering limited improvement in isolation, and altering the original antenna radiation pattern.

[0071] In addition, existing methods also adjust isolation by changing the distance between the two antennas, the position of the feed structure, and the ground plane size. However, antennas have strict requirements for ground plane size and feed position, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the requirements for ground plane size, feed position, and isolation. Furthermore, their effectiveness is limited in electronic devices operating in complex environments.

[0072] This application provides an antenna device that can be used in electronic devices. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application, with reference to... Figure 1 , Figure 1The electronic device 100 is illustrated as a mobile phone, but it can also be a tablet computer, desktop computer, laptop computer, handheld computer, notebook computer, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), netbook, cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), augmented reality (AR) device, virtual reality (VR) device, artificial intelligence (AI) device, wearable device, in-vehicle device, smart home device, and / or smart city device. This application embodiment does not impose any special limitation on the specific type of electronic device.

[0073] For example, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of an electronic device with the antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application in a wireless communication scenario, with reference to... Figure 2 The aforementioned electronic device 100 with the antenna device can realize wireless communication between various electronic devices 100 and with satellite 300 and base station 200.

[0074] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in one embodiment of this application. Figure 4 for Figure 3 The side view of the antenna device shown. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The radiator shown is merely an example of a microstrip patch antenna. Of course, in other embodiments, the radiator can also be configured as other types of antennas, as detailed below. (Refer to...) Figure 3 and Figure 4The antenna device provided in this application includes a ground plane 1, a magnetic material 4, and at least two radiators 2. The ground plane 1 can refer to at least a portion of any grounding layer, ground plane, or grounding metal layer within an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding components. The ground plane can be used for grounding components within the electronic device. In one embodiment, the ground plane can be a grounding layer of the electronic device's circuit board, or a grounding metal layer formed by a frame within the electronic device or a metal film beneath the screen. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14-layer board with 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or components separated and electrically insulated by dielectric or insulating layers such as glass fiber or polymers. A feeding circuit 3 is provided on the ground plane, connected to the radiators, and capable of feeding the radiators.

[0075] Radiator 2 is the device in an antenna used to receive / transmit electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, the term "antenna" is narrowly defined as a radiator, which converts guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy, for radiating and receiving radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator via a feed line, where it is converted into electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiator converts electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization from a specific direction in space back into modulated high-frequency current energy, which is then transmitted to the receiver input via a feed line.

[0076] Radiator 2 can be a conductor with a specific shape and size, such as a wire antenna. A wire antenna is an antenna composed of one or more metal wires with a diameter much smaller than the wavelength and a length comparable to the wavelength, and can be used as a transmitting or receiving antenna. The main types of wire antennas include dipole antennas, half-wave dipole antennas, monopole antennas, loop antennas, inverted-F antennas (also known as IFA), planar inverted-F antennas (also known as PIFA), slot antennas, and antenna arrays. For example, for a dipole antenna, each dipole antenna typically includes two radiating stubs, each stub being fed from the feed end of the radiating stub by a feed section. For example, for a slot antenna or gap antenna, it may include a single radiating stub, with both ends of the stub grounded to form a slot or gap.

[0077] The radiator 2 can also be a slot or gap formed on a conductor. For example, an antenna formed by slotting a section on a conductor surface can also be called a slotted antenna or a grooved antenna. In some embodiments, the slot is elongated. In some embodiments, the length of the slot is approximately half a wavelength. In some embodiments, the slot can be fed by a transmission line bridging one or both sides, or by a waveguide or resonant cavity. A radio frequency electromagnetic field is excited on the slot, radiating electromagnetic waves into space.

[0078] In this embodiment, there may be two, three or more radiators 2, with a gap between adjacent radiators 2. As explained above, each radiator 2 can be narrowly understood as an "antenna". By ensuring a certain gap between adjacent antennas, the normal operation of the two antennas can be guaranteed, and the mutual interference between the two antennas can be reduced.

[0079] Magnetic material 4 is disposed between the ground 1 and the radiator 2, and at least a portion of the magnetic material 4 covers the electric field strength region of each radiator 2. The magnetic material 4 can be a natural magnetic material, such as ferrite, or other oxides or alloys containing one or more of iron, cobalt, and nickel. The magnetic material 4 can also be an artificial magnetic material, primarily referring to an electromagnetic metamaterial structure with a permeability > 1. This electromagnetic metamaterial typically consists of a dielectric substrate and periodically arranged metal patterns. When electromagnetic waves pass through the electromagnetic metamaterial, they exhibit specific electromagnetic characteristics, such as a permeability > 1. The magnetic material 4 affects the impedance values ​​and resonant frequencies of the common mode and differential mode differently. The magnetic material 4 has a smaller impact on the differential mode impedance and a larger impact on the common mode impedance. The magnetic material 4 has a dielectric constant and a permeability. For example, in this embodiment, both the permeability and dielectric constant of the magnetic material 4 can be greater than 1. For example, the permeability can be between 1 and 50, and the dielectric constant can be between 1 and 10. In the case where the common-mode impedance of the antenna device is greater than the differential-mode impedance, by loading a magnetic material 4 with appropriate dielectric constant, permeability and appropriate size, the electric field strength can be reduced and the magnetic field strength can be increased, thereby reducing the common-mode impedance while keeping the differential-mode impedance almost unchanged. Thus, the common-mode impedance can be reduced to be consistent with or close to the differential-mode impedance, thereby achieving decoupling of adjacent antennas.

[0080] Therefore, by loading a magnetic material 4 with appropriate dielectric constant, permeability and appropriate size, the isolation between the two antennas can be improved with a small gap between them, without changing the size of the radiator 2, the size of the ground plane 1, the position of the feed circuit 3, etc., which is conducive to the miniaturization design of the antenna device, reducing the space occupied by the antenna device in the electronic device, and thus facilitating the miniaturization design of the electronic device.

[0081] At least a portion of the magnetic material 4 disposed between the floor 1 and the radiator 2 needs to cover the electric field strength region of each radiator 2. This electric field strength region can be displayed by simulation software. This electric field strength region does not have obvious boundaries. It can be understood that within a certain area, the electric field strength is relatively large. It is only necessary to cover the region with relatively large electric field strength with the magnetic material 4. This can adjust the distribution relationship between the magnetic field and the electric field to a large extent, so that the electric field strength is reduced and the magnetic field strength is increased. This allows the common-mode impedance to be adjusted to be consistent with or close to the differential-mode impedance, thereby achieving decoupling between the two antennas.

[0082] As explained above, Figure 3 and Figure 4 The radiator 2 shown is configured as a microstrip patch antenna. In some other embodiments, the radiator 2 may also be configured as other types of antennas.

[0083] For example, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in another embodiment of this application. Figure 5 The radiator 2 is shown to be configured as an inverted F antenna, as shown in the reference. Figure 5 The magnetic material 4 is filled between the two inverted F antennas and the ground plane 1, which can achieve decoupling between the two inverted F antennas.

[0084] For example, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in another embodiment of this application. Figure 6 The radiator 2 is shown to be configured as a left-handed antenna, as shown in the reference. Figure 6 Magnetic material 4 is filled between the two left-hand antennas and the ground 1, which enables decoupling between the two left-hand antennas.

[0085] For example, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in another embodiment of this application. Figure 6 The radiator 2 is shown to be configured as a loop antenna, as shown in the reference. Figure 7 The magnetic material 4 is filled between the two loop antennas and the ground plane 1, which can achieve decoupling between the two loop antennas.

[0086] Furthermore, for ease of explanation, this embodiment uses... Figure 3 The following explanation uses a microstrip patch antenna as an example of radiator 2 shown in the figure. Figure 3 The magnetic material 4 can form a layered structure, the radiator 2 can be attached to one side of the magnetic material 4, and the floor 1 can be attached to the side of the magnetic material 4 that is away from the radiator 2. In other words, the space between the radiator 2 and the floor 1 is filled only by the magnetic material 4.

[0087] In one embodiment, Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in another embodiment of this application. Figure 9for Figure 8 The side view of the antenna device shown is with reference to... Figure 8 and Figure 9 The antenna device may further include a dielectric substrate 5, which is disposed between the ground plane 1 and the radiator 2, and is connected to the magnetic material 4. In this embodiment, the dielectric substrate 5 may be a Rogers dielectric substrate, a hybrid dielectric substrate of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is a designation for a flame-retardant material grade, and Rogers dielectric substrate is a high-frequency substrate. The dielectric substrate 5 has different dielectric constants depending on the material selected, and the material of the dielectric substrate 5 can be selected according to the designed antenna.

[0088] For example, refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 Both the magnetic material 4 and the dielectric substrate 5 can be layered structures. The radiator 2 can be disposed on the dielectric substrate 5, and the magnetic material 4 can be disposed on the side of the dielectric substrate 5 away from the radiator 2. Figure 8 The radiator 2 shown is configured as a microstrip patch antenna. The dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 5 is 2 to 3, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 5 is 3 mm, the thickness of the magnetic material 4 is 1 mm, and the dielectric constant and permeability of the magnetic material 4 can both be 3 to 5. Figure 10 This is a graph showing the return loss coefficient and isolation of an antenna device according to an embodiment of this application. The horizontal axis represents frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the return loss coefficient (S11) or isolation (S21) in dB. (Refer to...) Figure 10 The isolation between the two antennas is above 40dB, and a decoupling pit is formed. The resonant frequency of the antenna is 2.2GHz.

[0089] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna device without the inclusion of magnetic materials, referring to... Figure 11 The antenna device includes a radiator 2A, a dielectric substrate 3A, and a ground plane 1A. The radiator 2A is attached to one side of the dielectric substrate 3A, and the side of the dielectric substrate 3A facing away from the radiator 2A is attached to the ground plane 1A. The dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 3A is 2 to 3, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate 3A is 4 mm. Figure 12 This is a graph showing the return loss coefficient and isolation of an antenna device without the presence of magnetic materials. The horizontal axis represents frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the return loss coefficient (S11) or isolation (S21) in dB. (Refer to...) Figure 12 The isolation between the two antennas is around 11dB. The resonant frequency of the antenna is 2.8GHz.

[0090] Simultaneously compare with reference Figure 10 and Figure 12Compared to antenna devices without magnetic material 4, this embodiment of the application significantly improves the isolation between the two antennas by placing magnetic material 4 between the radiator 2 and the ground plane 1, and can form a decoupling recess. Furthermore, the resonant frequency of the antenna can be shifted from 2.8 GHz to a lower frequency of 2.2 GHz, meaning that a lower frequency resonance can be achieved without changing the overall size of the antenna device, thereby facilitating antenna miniaturization.

[0091] Figure 13 for Figure 8 The radiation pattern of the antenna device shown is... Figure 14 for Figure 11 The radiation pattern of the antenna device shown is as follows, in which, Figure 13 The radiation pattern of the antenna device with magnetic material 4 placed between radiator 2 and floor 1 is shown. Figure 14 The radiation pattern of the antenna device without magnetic material 4 between radiator 2 and ground 1 is shown, and compared with a reference. Figure 13 and Figure 14 This application achieves decoupling by placing a magnetic material 4 between the radiator 2 and the floor 1, without changing the radiation pattern, and the two have similar directions before and after decoupling.

[0092] Figure 15 for Figure 8 The antenna device shown and Figure 11 The diagram shows a comparison of the radiation efficiencies of the antenna devices shown. Figure 15 Curve a in the figure represents Figure 8 The radiation efficiency curve of the antenna device shown represents the radiation efficiency of the antenna device after decoupling by placing a magnetic material 4 between the radiator 2 and the ground plane 1. Curve b represents... Figure 11 The radiation efficiency curve of the antenna device shown is the radiation efficiency without magnetic material 4. Figure 15 It can be concluded that the radiation efficiency of the antenna did not change significantly before and after decoupling. That is, setting magnetic material 4 between radiator 2 and ground 1 can improve the isolation while ensuring that the antenna device has good radiation characteristics.

[0093] In one embodiment, the antenna device may have the same Figure 8 and Figure 9 The antenna device shown has a similar structure, including a radiator 2, a ground plane 1, a dielectric substrate 5, and a magnetic material 4. The radiator 2 is configured as a microstrip patch antenna. The dielectric substrate 5 has a dielectric constant of 2-3 and a thickness of 3 mm. The magnetic material 4 has a thickness of 1 mm, and its dielectric constant and permeability can both be 15-18. Relative to... Figure 8 and Figure 9In the antenna device shown in this embodiment, by increasing the dielectric constant and permeability of the magnetic material 4, the spacing between two adjacent antennas can be reduced while improving antenna isolation and ensuring antenna radiation characteristics, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the antenna device.

[0094] Figure 16 This is a graph showing the return loss coefficient and isolation of an antenna device according to an embodiment of this application. The horizontal axis represents frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the return loss coefficient (S11) or isolation (S21) in dB. (Refer to...) Figure 16 The isolation between the two lines is around 18dB, and a decoupling pit is formed.

[0095] Figure 17 The graph shows the return loss coefficient and isolation of the antenna device without the magnetic material 4. The horizontal axis represents the frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the return loss coefficient (S11) or isolation (S21) in dB. Figure 17 The structure of the corresponding antenna device and Figure 11 The antenna structures shown are similar, the difference being... Figure 17 The corresponding two antennas have a relatively smaller spacing. (Refer to...) Figure 17 The isolation between the two lines is around 4dB.

[0096] Simultaneously compare with reference Figure 16 and Figure 17 In this embodiment, by selecting a magnetic material 4 with higher dielectric constant and permeability, the spacing between two adjacent antennas can be further reduced, which is beneficial for miniaturization, and at the same time, the two antennas can also have a high degree of isolation.

[0097] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in another embodiment of this application. Figure 19 for Figure 18 The side view of the antenna device shown. Figure 18 and Figure 19 The structure of the antenna device shown is similar to Figure 8 and Figure 9 The antenna devices shown have similar structures, namely, a radiator 2, a dielectric substrate 5, a magnetic material 4, and a ground plane 1 are stacked sequentially. The dielectric substrate 5 has a dielectric constant of 2-3 and a thickness of 3 mm. The magnetic material 4 has a thickness of 1 mm, a dielectric constant of 2-3, and a permeability of 2-3. Among these, relative to... Figure 8 and Figure 9In the antenna device shown, the area of ​​the ground plane 1 in this embodiment is much larger than the areas of the radiator 2 and the magnetic material 4. The larger area of ​​the ground plane 1 affects the impedance characteristics of the antenna; without the magnetic material 4, impedance matching is difficult, making decoupling of the two antennas challenging. In this embodiment, by loading a magnetic material 4 with appropriate dielectric constant, permeability, and size, the isolation between adjacent antennas can be improved, achieving decoupling, even with a larger ground plane 1 area. Furthermore, a comparative example related to this embodiment shows a radiator, a dielectric substrate, and a ground plane stacked sequentially, and having... Figure 18 The radiator 2, dielectric substrate 5, and ground plane 1 in the antenna device shown have the same characteristic parameters. The difference is that magnetic material 4 is not loaded in the comparative example, and the thickness of dielectric substrate 5 is 4 mm.

[0098] Figure 20 This is a comparison of the return loss coefficient and isolation curves of the antenna device before and after loading magnetic material 4. The horizontal axis represents frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the return loss coefficient (S11) or isolation (S21) in dB. Figure 20 In the diagram, curve c represents the S11 curve of the antenna device in the comparative example before loading magnetic material 4; curve d represents the S21 curve of the antenna device in the comparative example before loading magnetic material 4; curve e represents the S11 curve of the antenna device in this embodiment after loading magnetic material 4; and curve f represents the S21 curve of the antenna device in this embodiment after loading magnetic material 4. (Refer to...) Figure 20 Before decoupling, the isolation between the two antennas in the comparative example was around 15dB. After decoupling, the isolation between the two antennas in this embodiment is above 30dB, and a decoupling recess is formed, thus giving the two antennas a higher isolation. Therefore, in this embodiment, even in a complex environment with a large floor 1, the isolation between the two antennas can still be improved by loading magnetic material 4. Furthermore, the resonant frequency of the antenna can be shifted to a lower frequency band, meaning that a lower frequency resonance can be achieved without changing the overall size of the antenna device, which is beneficial for antenna miniaturization.

[0099] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna device provided in another embodiment of this application, with reference to... Figure 21The antenna device provided in this embodiment includes a radiator 2, a dielectric substrate 5, a magnetic material 4, and a ground plane 1 stacked sequentially. The two radiators 2 are asymmetrically arranged. Compared to two symmetrically arranged radiators 2, the asymmetrical arrangement affects the common-mode impedance and makes impedance matching difficult without the magnetic material 4, thus failing to achieve consistency between common-mode and differential-mode impedances. In this embodiment, a dielectric substrate 5 with a dielectric constant of 2-3 and a thickness of 3 mm can be used, and a magnetic material 4 with a dielectric constant and permeability of 4-5 and a thickness of 1 mm can be loaded to improve the isolation between the two asymmetrically arranged radiators 2. Furthermore, a comparative example related to this embodiment shows a radiator, dielectric substrate, and ground plane stacked sequentially, and having a... Figure 21 The radiator 2, dielectric substrate 5, and ground plane 1 in the antenna device shown have the same characteristic parameters. The difference is that magnetic material 4 is not loaded in the comparative example, and the thickness of dielectric substrate 5 is 4 mm.

[0100] Figure 22 for Figure 21 The diagram shows a comparison of the return loss coefficient and isolation curves of the antenna device before and after loading magnetic material 4. The horizontal axis represents frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the return loss coefficient (S11) or isolation (S21) in dB. Figure 22 In the diagram, curve g represents the S11 curve of the antenna device in the comparative example before loading magnetic material 4; curve h represents the S21 curve of the antenna device in the comparative example before loading magnetic material 4; curve j represents the S11 curve of the antenna device in this embodiment after loading magnetic material 4; and curve k represents the S21 curve of the antenna device in this embodiment after loading magnetic material 4. (Refer to...) Figure 22 Before decoupling, the isolation between the two antennas in the comparative example was around 4dB. After decoupling, the isolation between the two antennas in this embodiment is above 17dB, and a decoupling recess is formed, thus giving the two antennas a higher isolation. Therefore, in this embodiment, even in a complex environment with asymmetrically arranged radiators 2, the isolation between the two antennas can still be improved by loading magnetic material 4. Furthermore, the resonant frequency of the antenna can be shifted to a lower frequency band, meaning that a lower frequency resonance can be achieved without changing the overall size of the antenna device, which is beneficial for antenna miniaturization.

[0101] In some other embodiments, reference is made to... Figure 8 The two adjacent radiators 2 can be arranged symmetrically, or the isolation between the two symmetrically arranged antennas can be improved by loading magnetic material 4 between the radiator 2 and the ground 1.

[0102] In one embodiment, reference is made to... Figure 8The radiator 2 is provided with a feed point, which can be electrically connected to the feed circuit 3. Thus, the radiator 2 can be fed by the feed circuit 3. The feed points on the two adjacent radiators 2 are symmetrically arranged along the arrangement direction of the two adjacent radiators 2, which makes it easy to configure the radiation characteristics of the two antennas. The two antennas can also be decoupled by loading a magnetic material 4 between the radiator 2 and the ground 1.

[0103] In one embodiment, Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna device provided in another embodiment of this application, with reference to... Figure 23 The antenna device provided in this embodiment includes a radiator 2, a dielectric substrate 5, a magnetic material 4, and a ground plane 1 stacked sequentially. The radiator 2 has a feed point that can be electrically connected to a feed circuit 3 to feed the radiator 2. However, along the arrangement direction of two adjacent symmetrically arranged radiators 2, the feed points on two adjacent radiators 2 are asymmetrically arranged. Compared to having two symmetrical feed points on two symmetrically arranged radiators 2, the asymmetrical feed points affect the common-mode impedance and make impedance matching difficult without the magnetic material 4, thus failing to achieve consistency between common-mode and differential-mode impedances. In this embodiment, a dielectric substrate 5 with a dielectric constant of 2-3 and a thickness of 3 mm can be used, and a magnetic material 4 with a dielectric constant and permeability of 4-5 and a thickness of 1 mm can be loaded to improve the isolation between the two radiators 2 with asymmetrically arranged feed points. Furthermore, a comparative example related to this embodiment is one where the radiator, dielectric substrate, and ground plane are stacked sequentially and have a... Figure 23 The radiator 2, dielectric substrate 5, and ground plane 1 in the antenna device shown have the same characteristic parameters. The difference is that magnetic material 4 is not loaded in the comparative example, and the thickness of dielectric substrate 5 is 4 mm.

[0104] Figure 24 for Figure 23 The diagram shows a comparison of the return loss coefficient and isolation curves of the antenna device before and after loading magnetic material 4. The horizontal axis represents frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the return loss coefficient (S11) or isolation (S21) in dB. Figure 24 In the diagram, curve m represents the S11 curve of the antenna device in the comparative example before loading magnetic material 4, curve n represents the S21 curve of the antenna device in the comparative example before loading magnetic material 4, curve p represents the S11 curve of the antenna device in this embodiment after loading magnetic material 4, and curve q represents the S21 curve of the antenna device in this embodiment after loading magnetic material 4. (Refer to...) Figure 24Before decoupling, the isolation between the two antennas in the comparative example was around 13dB. After decoupling, the isolation between the two antennas in this embodiment is above 25dB, and a decoupling recess is formed, thus giving the two antennas a higher isolation. Therefore, in this embodiment, even in a complex environment with asymmetrically arranged feed points on the radiator 2, the isolation between the two antennas can still be improved by loading magnetic material 4. Furthermore, the resonant frequency of the antenna can be shifted to a lower frequency band, meaning that a lower frequency resonance can be achieved without changing the overall size of the antenna device, which is beneficial for antenna miniaturization.

[0105] In some other embodiments, the magnetic material 4 can also be disposed between the dielectric substrate 5 and the radiator 2, or the magnetic material 4 can also be embedded inside the dielectric substrate 5. By loading the magnetic material 4 with appropriate dielectric constant and permeability, the isolation between the two antennas can also be improved, and decoupling can be achieved.

[0106] For example, Figure 25 This is a side view of an antenna device provided in one embodiment of this application, with reference to... Figure 25 Magnetic material 4 is embedded in dielectric substrate 5 and corresponds to the edge 21 of radiator 2 in the thickness direction Z. One end of magnetic material 4 can contact radiator 2, and the other end of magnetic material 4 can contact ground plane 1. In this embodiment, dielectric substrate 5 with a dielectric constant of 2-3 and a thickness of 3mm can be used, and magnetic material 4 with a dielectric constant and permeability of 4-5 and a thickness of 1mm can be loaded, thereby improving the isolation of the two antennas and achieving decoupling. In addition, a comparative example related to this embodiment is: radiator, dielectric substrate and ground plane are stacked in sequence, and have a... Figure 25 The radiator 2, dielectric substrate 5, and ground plane 1 in the antenna device shown have the same characteristic parameters. The difference is that magnetic material 4 is not loaded in the comparative example, and the thickness of dielectric substrate 5 is 4 mm.

[0107] Figure 26 for Figure 25 The diagram shows a comparison of the return loss coefficient and isolation curves of the antenna device before and after loading magnetic material 4. The horizontal axis represents frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the return loss coefficient (S11) or isolation (S21) in dB. Figure 26 In the diagram, curve r is the S11 curve of the antenna device in the comparative example before loading magnetic material 4, curve s is the S21 curve of the antenna device in the comparative example before loading magnetic material 4, curve t is the S11 curve of the antenna device in this embodiment after loading magnetic material 4, and curve u is the S21 curve of the antenna device in this embodiment after loading magnetic material 4. (Refer to...) Figure 26Before decoupling, the isolation between the two antennas in the comparative example was around 14dB. After decoupling, the isolation between the two antennas in this embodiment is above 37dB, and a decoupling recess is formed, thus giving the two antennas a higher isolation. Therefore, by embedding magnetic material 4 into the dielectric substrate 5, the isolation between the two antennas can also be improved. Furthermore, the resonant frequency of the antenna can be shifted to a lower frequency band, meaning that a lower frequency resonance can be achieved without changing the overall size of the antenna device, which is beneficial for antenna miniaturization.

[0108] In one embodiment, reference is made to... Figure 25 The radiator 2 is configured as a microstrip patch antenna. Along the arrangement direction of two adjacent radiators 2, the radiator 2 has an edge 21. Along the thickness direction Z of the radiator 2, at least part of the projection of the magnetic material 4 covers the edge 21 of the radiator 2. A certain region at the edge 21 of the radiator 2 is a region of strong electric field. By placing the magnetic material 4 at the edge 21 of the radiator 2, the magnetic material 4 can cover the region of strong electric field of the radiator 2, thereby significantly adjusting the distribution relationship between the magnetic field and the electric field. This allows the common-mode impedance to be adjusted to be consistent with or nearly consistent with the differential-mode impedance, thus achieving decoupling between the two antennas.

[0109] As explained above, the radiator 2 can form a microstrip patch antenna. For example, the radiator 2 can be a metal sheet. When the magnetic material 4 is disposed between the dielectric substrate 5 and the ground plane 1, the radiator 2 can be attached to the side of the dielectric substrate 5 away from the magnetic material 4. When the magnetic material 4 is disposed between the dielectric substrate 5 and the radiator 2, the radiator 2 can be attached to the side of the magnetic material 4 away from the dielectric substrate 5. When the magnetic material 4 is embedded in the dielectric substrate 5, both ends of the magnetic material 4 can protrude from the dielectric substrate 5, so that the radiator 2 can be attached to both the dielectric substrate 5 and the magnetic material 4 at the same time.

[0110] Of course, as explained above, radiator 2 can also be configured as other types of antennas, for example, Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna device provided in another embodiment of this application, with reference to... Figure 27The radiator 2 can also constitute a slot antenna, i.e., the radiator 2 is formed on a conductor with a slot, and the slot shape is elongated. In some embodiments, the length of the slot is approximately half a wavelength. In some embodiments, the slot can be fed by a transmission line connected across one or both sides, or by a waveguide or resonant cavity. A radio frequency electromagnetic field is excited on the slot, and electromagnetic waves are radiated into space. In this embodiment, the radiator 2, dielectric substrate 5, magnetic material 4, and ground plane 1 are stacked sequentially. The antenna device uses a dielectric substrate 5 with a dielectric constant of 2 to 3 and a thickness of 2 mm, and a magnetic material 4 with a dielectric constant and permeability of 5 to 10 and a thickness of 2 mm. In addition, a comparative example related to this embodiment is: the radiator, dielectric substrate, and ground plane are stacked sequentially, and have the same characteristics as the antenna. Figure 27 The radiator 2, dielectric substrate 5, and ground plane 1 in the antenna device shown have the same characteristic parameters. The difference is that magnetic material 4 is not loaded in the comparative example, and the thickness of dielectric substrate 5 is 4 mm.

[0111] Figure 28 for Figure 27 The diagram shows a comparison of the return loss coefficient and isolation curves of the antenna device before and after loading magnetic material 4. The horizontal axis represents frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the return loss coefficient (S11) or isolation (S21) in dB. Figure 28 In the diagram, curve v is the S11 curve of the antenna device in the comparative example before loading magnetic material 4, curve w is the S21 curve of the antenna device in the comparative example before loading magnetic material 4, curve x is the S11 curve of the antenna device in this embodiment after loading magnetic material 4, and curve y is the S21 curve of the antenna device in this embodiment after loading magnetic material 4. (Refer to...) Figure 28 Before decoupling, the isolation between the two antennas in the comparative example was around 12dB. After decoupling, the isolation between the two antennas in this embodiment is above 20dB, and a decoupling recess is formed, thus giving the two antennas a higher isolation. Therefore, by embedding magnetic material 4 into the dielectric substrate 5, the isolation between the two slot antennas can also be improved. Furthermore, the resonant frequency of the slot antenna can be shifted to a lower frequency band, meaning that a lower frequency resonance can be achieved without changing the overall size of the antenna device, which is beneficial for antenna miniaturization.

[0112] For example, Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in another embodiment of this application. Figure 30 for Figure 29 The side view of the antenna device shown is with reference to... Figure 29 and Figure 30 In this embodiment, the radiator 2 is configured as a wire antenna. A wire antenna is an antenna composed of one or more metal wires with a diameter much smaller than the wavelength and a length comparable to the wavelength, and can be used as a transmitting or receiving antenna. (Refer to...) Figure 29 In this embodiment, the radiator 2 consists of two straight metal wires. In this embodiment, the radiator 2, dielectric substrate 5, magnetic material 4, and ground plane 1 are stacked sequentially. The antenna device uses a dielectric substrate 5 with a dielectric constant of 2-3 and a thickness of 1 mm, and a magnetic material 4 with a dielectric constant and permeability of 2-5 and a thickness of 3 mm. Furthermore, a comparative example related to this embodiment shows a radiator, dielectric substrate, and ground plane stacked sequentially, and having a... Figure 29 The radiator 2, dielectric substrate 5, and ground plane 1 in the antenna device shown have the same characteristic parameters. The difference is that magnetic material 4 is not loaded in the comparative example, and the thickness of dielectric substrate 5 is 4 mm.

[0113] Figure 31 for Figure 29 The diagram shows a comparison of the return loss coefficient and isolation curves of the antenna device before and after loading magnetic material 4. The horizontal axis represents frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the return loss coefficient (S11) or isolation (S21) in dB. Figure 31 In the diagram, curve A is the S11 curve of the antenna device in the comparative example before the magnetic material 4 is loaded; curve B is the S21 curve of the antenna device in the comparative example before the magnetic material 4 is loaded; curve C is the S11 curve of the antenna device in this embodiment after the magnetic material 4 is loaded; and curve D is the S21 curve of the antenna device in this embodiment after the magnetic material 4 is loaded. (Refer to...) Figure 31 Before decoupling, the isolation between the two antennas in the comparative example was around 15dB. After decoupling, the isolation between the two antennas in this embodiment is above 48dB, and a decoupling recess is formed, thus giving the two antennas a higher isolation. Therefore, by embedding magnetic material 4 into the dielectric substrate 5, the isolation between the two slot antennas can also be improved. Furthermore, the resonant frequency of the slot antenna can be shifted to a lower frequency band, meaning that a lower frequency resonance can be achieved without changing the overall size of the antenna device, which is beneficial for antenna miniaturization.

[0114] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized in that, include: The floor, on which a power supply circuit is provided; At least two radiators are provided, with adjacent radiators arranged asymmetrically and a gap between them. The radiators are connected to the power supply circuit. A magnetic material is disposed between the floor and the radiator, and at least a portion of the magnetic material covers the electric field strength region of each of the radiators; the thickness of the magnetic material is 1 mm.

2. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna device further includes a dielectric substrate disposed between the ground and the radiator, and the dielectric substrate is connected to the magnetic material.

3. The antenna device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The magnetic material is disposed between the dielectric substrate and the ground plane, and / or the magnetic material is disposed between the dielectric substrate and the radiator, and / or the magnetic material is embedded in the dielectric substrate.

4. The antenna device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radiator is a metal sheet, and one side of the radiator in the thickness direction is attached to the magnetic material and / or dielectric substrate.

5. The antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Along the arrangement direction of two adjacent radiators, the radiators have edges; along the thickness direction of the radiators, at least a portion of the projection of the magnetic material covers the edges.

6. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The magnetic permeability of the magnetic material is greater than 1.

7. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The area of ​​the floor is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the magnetic material and the radiator.

8. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The two adjacent radiators are arranged symmetrically.

9. The antenna device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The radiator is provided with a feed point, and the radiator is electrically connected to the feed circuit through the feed point. The feed points on two adjacent radiators are symmetrically arranged along the arrangement direction of two adjacent radiators.

10. The antenna device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The radiator is provided with a feed point, and the radiator is electrically connected to the feed circuit through the feed point. The feed points on two adjacent radiators are arranged asymmetrically.

11. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The radiator can be configured as a slot antenna, a wire antenna, an IFA antenna, a left-handed antenna, or a loop antenna.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the antenna device according to any one of claims 1-11.

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