Exposure control method and device, electronic equipment and medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses an exposure control method and device, electronic equipment and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: detecting an initial light inlet amount when light passes through a liquid crystal layer and enters an image sensor through the image sensor; wherein the liquid crystal layer is arranged in the light sensing direction of the image sensor; determining the polarization angle difference of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer according to the initial light inlet quantity, the target light inlet quantity and the characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer; according to the polarization angle difference, a target voltage value needing to be applied to the liquid crystal layer is determined, and after the target voltage value is applied to the liquid crystal layer, image collection is conducted through an image sensor. According to the scheme, the light transmittance of the liquid crystal molecules to the light is controlled by controlling the target voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer, and then the light inlet amount of the image sensor is controlled, so that the problems of low response speed and high energy consumption caused by mechanical control or algorithm processing of the image brightness are solved, the response efficiency and the adjustment precision of image brightness adjustment are improved, and the image brightness adjustment accuracy is improved. And the energy consumption of brightness adjustment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of image acquisition technology, and in particular to an exposure control method, device, electronic equipment and medium. Background Art

[0002] With the modernization of cities, cameras are used everywhere. In the case of complex light source scenes, if the image in the higher brightness area is clear, the lower brightness area will not be visible due to insufficient exposure brightness. On the contrary, if the image in the low brightness area is clear, the high brightness area will not be visible due to excessive exposure brightness.

[0003] At present, in order to solve the problem of balancing the brightness and clarity of each area in the same image, the commonly used solution is to use image enhancement technology to synthesize a clearer overall image using multiple images with different exposures. However, this solution requires a lot of processor computing power, has a slow response speed, and high energy consumption. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides an exposure control method, device, electronic device and medium, which perform exposure control with high efficiency and low energy consumption to adjust image brightness and clarity.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present application, there is provided an exposure control method, the method comprising:

[0006] The image sensor detects the initial amount of light entering the image sensor when the light passes through the liquid crystal layer; wherein the liquid crystal layer is arranged in the light-sensing direction of the image sensor;

[0007] Determining a polarization angle difference of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer according to the initial light input amount, the target light input amount and characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer;

[0008] The target voltage value required to be applied to the liquid crystal layer is determined according to the polarization angle difference, and after the target voltage value is applied to the liquid crystal layer, the image is captured by the image sensor.

[0009] According to another aspect of the present application, an exposure control device is provided, the device comprising:

[0010] A detection module, used to detect the initial amount of light entering the image sensor when the light passes through the liquid crystal layer through the image sensor; wherein the liquid crystal layer is arranged in the light-sensing direction of the image sensor;

[0011] a polarization angle difference determination module, configured to determine the polarization angle difference of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer according to the initial light input amount, the target light input amount and characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer;

[0012] The target voltage value determination module is used to determine the target voltage value required to be applied to the liquid crystal layer according to the polarization angle difference, and after applying the target voltage value to the liquid crystal layer, perform image acquisition through the image sensor.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided, the device comprising:

[0014] at least one processor; and

[0015] a memory communicatively connected to at least one processor; wherein,

[0016] The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the exposure control method of any embodiment of the present application.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the exposure control method of any embodiment of the present application when executed.

[0018] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is to detect the initial amount of light entering the image sensor when the light passes through the liquid crystal layer, and the amount of light entering can reflect the brightness of the image formed, and then the brightness of the image is predicted by the initial amount of light entering. According to the initial amount of light entering, the target amount of light entering, and the characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer, the polarization angle difference of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is determined, so as to determine the amount of light entering that needs to be adjusted when the brightness of the image is adjusted to normal brightness, and then accurately determine the polarization angle difference of the liquid crystal molecules. According to the polarization angle difference, the target voltage value to be applied to the liquid crystal layer is determined, and after the target voltage value is applied to the liquid crystal layer, the image is captured through the image sensor. Only by adjusting the voltage value, the amount of light entering the image sensor and the image brightness can be adjusted, without wasting a lot of computing power for subsequent adjustments, thereby improving the response speed and adjustment efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

[0019] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present application. Other features of the present application will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 is a flow chart of an exposure control method provided according to Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the liquid crystal layer arrangement position provided according to the first embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the liquid crystal layer structure provided according to the first embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 is a flow chart of an exposure control method provided according to Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 is a flow chart of an exposure control method provided according to Embodiment 3 of the present application;

[0026] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of an exposure control device provided according to Embodiment 4 of the present application;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided according to Embodiment 5 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "actual", "preset", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of an exposure control method provided in the first embodiment of the present application. The embodiment of the present application can be applied to the situation of image acquisition. Typically, it can be applied to the situation where the light source scene is complex and the brightness difference in the acquired image is large. The method can be executed by an exposure control device, which can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software, and the exposure control device can be configured in an electronic device. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0032] S110, detecting, by an image sensor, an initial amount of light entering the image sensor when the light passes through the liquid crystal layer; wherein the liquid crystal layer is arranged in a light-sensitive direction of the image sensor.

[0033] The image sensor is a component that converts images into electrical signals. When light enters the image sensor, the image sensor can detect the initial amount of light entering. A liquid crystal layer is arranged in the photosensitive direction of the image sensor, such as Figure 2 As shown in Figure 1, during image acquisition, light first passes through the liquid crystal layer before entering the image sensor. When light passes through the liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal molecules can change the polarization direction and light transmittance of the light. Figure 3 As shown, it includes a first polarizer, a glass substrate, a positive circuit, a liquid crystal unit, a negative circuit and a second polarizer. The polarization directions of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are perpendicular. The glass substrate is used to fix the liquid crystal unit. The positive circuit and the negative circuit are used to apply voltage to the liquid crystal unit to drive the liquid crystal unit.

[0034] For example, when an image is captured by an image sensor, light enters the image sensor, and the image sensor can detect the initial amount of light entering. In the embodiment of the present application, the initial amount of light entering does not specifically refer to the amount of light entering when the image sensor captures the first frame of image. The amount of light entering detected each time the image sensor captures an image can be used as the initial amount of light entering.

[0035] S120, determining a polarization angle difference of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer according to the initial light input amount, the target light input amount, and characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer.

[0036] The target light input amount can be determined according to actual conditions to reflect the light input amount of the image sensor when the brightness and clarity of the image are both good. The characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer can be parameters that characterize the effect of the liquid crystal layer on the transmission of light passing through, such as the thickness, transmittance, and reflectivity of the liquid crystal layer. The polarization angle difference is the change in the polarization angle of the liquid crystal molecules at one end and the other end of the liquid crystal layer along the thickness direction.

[0037] For example, when light passes through the liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal molecules can change the polarization direction and light transmittance of the light, and the liquid crystal molecules have different polarization angles and different light transmittances. Therefore, the polarization angle difference of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer can be determined based on the initial light input amount, the target light input amount, and the characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer, so that when the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer meet the polarization angle difference, the light enters the liquid crystal molecules at the initial light input amount, and leaves the liquid crystal molecules at the target light input amount.

[0038] In an embodiment of the present application, determining the polarization angle difference of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer according to the initial light input amount, the target light input amount, and the characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer includes:

[0039] Determining a light input amount difference according to the initial light input amount and the target light input amount;

[0040] The polarization angle difference of the liquid crystal molecules is determined according to the light input amount difference and the characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer; wherein the polarization angle difference is a condition that the liquid crystal molecules must meet when the change in the amount of light input through the liquid crystal layer is the light input amount difference.

[0041] For example, the target light amount can be subtracted from the initial light amount to obtain the light amount difference. According to the characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer, the condition that the polarization angle of the liquid crystal molecules must meet when the change in the light amount is equal to the light amount difference when the light passes through the liquid crystal layer is determined, that is, the polarization angle difference of the liquid crystal molecules.

[0042] Specifically, when determining the polarization angle difference of the liquid crystal molecules based on the difference in the amount of incoming light and the characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer, the optical path characteristics of the light when transmitted in the liquid crystal molecules can be considered. Based on the Fresnel formula and Malus's law, the polarization angle difference of the liquid crystal molecules is calculated according to the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, the transmittance, the refractive index, the absorption coefficient of the liquid crystal molecules, the polarization direction of the first polarizer, and the polarization direction of the second polarizer.

[0043] S130, determining a target voltage value to be applied to the liquid crystal layer according to the polarization angle difference, and after applying the target voltage value to the liquid crystal layer, performing image acquisition through the image sensor.

[0044] Among them, the polarization angle of the liquid crystal molecules is driven and adjusted by the applied voltage. The target voltage value that needs to be applied to the liquid crystal layer can be calculated according to the polarization angle difference, so that the polarization angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer meets the polarization angle difference after the target voltage is applied. After determining the target voltage value, the target voltage value is applied to the liquid crystal layer so that the polarization angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer meets the polarization angle difference, thereby satisfying the initial light input when the light enters the liquid crystal layer and the target light input when it leaves the liquid crystal layer, that is, the target light input when it enters the image sensor, so that the brightness and clarity of the presented image achieve the ideal effect.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present application, the liquid crystal layer is composed of a plurality of liquid crystal units, and each liquid crystal unit can be controlled by a separate driving electrode, that is, controlled by a positive circuit and a negative circuit. Each liquid crystal unit can be driven differently, and the amount of light entering each photosensitive area of ​​the image sensor can be individually adaptively adjusted, the amount of light entering is greatly reduced for the high exposure area, and the amount of light entering is slightly reduced or not reduced for other areas, thereby solving the problem that the brightness and clarity of each image area are difficult to take into account when adjusting the amount of light entering according to the same adjustment amount, and improving the effect of image brightness adjustment.

[0046] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is to detect the initial amount of light entering the image sensor when the light passes through the liquid crystal layer, and the amount of light entering can reflect the brightness of the image formed, and then the brightness of the image is predicted by the initial amount of light entering. According to the initial amount of light entering, the target amount of light entering, and the characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer, the polarization angle difference of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is determined, so as to determine the amount of light entering that needs to be adjusted when the brightness of the image is adjusted to normal brightness, and then accurately determine the polarization angle difference of the liquid crystal molecules. According to the polarization angle difference, the target voltage value to be applied to the liquid crystal layer is determined, and after the target voltage value is applied to the liquid crystal layer, the image is captured through the image sensor. Only by adjusting the voltage value, the amount of light entering the image sensor and the image brightness can be adjusted, without wasting a lot of computing power for subsequent adjustments, thereby improving the response speed and adjustment efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

[0047] Embodiment 2

[0048] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of an exposure control method provided in the second embodiment of the present application. The present embodiment is optimized based on the above embodiment. For solutions not described in detail in the present embodiment, please refer to the above embodiment. Figure 4 As shown, the method of the embodiment of the present application specifically includes the following steps:

[0049] S210, detecting, by an image sensor, an initial amount of light entering the image sensor when the light passes through the liquid crystal layer; wherein the liquid crystal layer is arranged in a light-sensitive direction of the image sensor.

[0050] S220, dividing the photosensitive area of ​​the image sensor into at least two pixel areas, and determining the brightness area to which each pixel area belongs according to the light intensity of each pixel area and a preset light intensity range.

[0051] Among them, the number of at least two pixel areas is not limited and can be determined according to the pixel value of the image sensor. For example, for an image sensor with a resolution of 1920×1080, it can be divided into 32*18=572 pixel areas, so that each pixel area can be calculated and processed separately to achieve fine-grained adjustment of the amount of light entering. The light intensity of each pixel area can be determined based on the light power detected by the image sensor. Assuming that the light power of each pixel is P, the pixel area is A, and the radiation time is t (generally the time for the display to display a frame of image - the time for the image sensor to sense the light to the processor to calculate the quantitative data), the light intensity of each pixel is I=P*t*A.

[0052] The preset light intensity intervals corresponding to different partitions can be pre-set. After the pixel areas are divided, the light intensity of each pixel area is calculated to determine in which preset light intensity interval the light intensity is located, and then determine the partition corresponding to the preset light intensity interval in which the light intensity falls. Exemplarily, the area corresponding to the average light intensity of the photosensitive area - the average light intensity of the photosensitive area * 110% is a low-brightness area, the area corresponding to the average light intensity of the photosensitive area * 110% - the average light intensity of the photosensitive area * 150% is a higher brightness area, and the area corresponding to the average light intensity of the photosensitive area * 150% or more is a high brightness area. If the light intensity of the pixel area is equal to the average light intensity of the photosensitive area * 130%, it is determined that the pixel area belongs to a higher brightness area.

[0053] It should be noted that the above are only examples of preset light intensity areas, and more preset light intensity intervals and corresponding brightness partitions may be set, so as to adjust different light input amounts for different brightness partitions in a targeted manner.

[0054] S230 . For each brightness region, nonlinearly adjust and smooth the initial light input amount of the brightness region to obtain a target light input amount of each brightness region.

[0055] Exemplarily, the initial light intake can be reduced to a greater extent in areas with very high brightness, and the initial light intake can be reduced to a lesser extent in areas with relatively high brightness, thereby avoiding the situation where the initial light intake is adjusted according to the same adjustment amount, resulting in some areas being adjusted excessively while some areas being under-adjusted. In an embodiment of the present application, in order to solve the problem that it is difficult to balance brightness and clarity due to adjusting the light intake amount according to a unified standard, the initial light intake of each brightness area can be nonlinearly adjusted. Exemplarily, as the brightness of each brightness area increases, the amplitude of brightness adjustment also increases. In addition, in order to avoid large brightness jumps and obvious brightness mutations in different brightness areas due to brightness adjustment, the initial light intake can be smoothed, so that even if there are brightness differences in different brightness areas, a smooth transition can be achieved.

[0056] In the embodiment of the present application, the initial light input amount of the brightness area is nonlinearly adjusted and smoothed to obtain the target light input amount of each brightness area, including:

[0057] The ratio of the initial light input amount of each pixel area in the brightness area to the maximum light input amount among the initial light input amounts of each pixel area is used as a base number, and the preset nonlinear parameter is used as an exponent to obtain an adjustment coefficient;

[0058] The product of the initial light input amount and the adjustment coefficient is used as the adjusted light input amount;

[0059] The adjusted light input amount is smoothed to obtain a target light input amount for each brightness area.

[0060] For example, Among them, I 非线性 To adjust the amount of light entering, I in is the initial light input, maxI in is the maximum value of the initial light input to each pixel area in the brightness area, and γ-1 is a nonlinear parameter that controls the intensity and curve shape of the adjustment (the value of this parameter can be dynamically adjusted based on the current target scene determined by the AI ​​calculation unit). is the adjustment coefficient.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, the adjusted light input amount is smoothed to obtain the target light input amount of each brightness area, including:

[0062] Determine a weight corresponding to each pixel area in the brightness area, and perform weighted summation on the adjusted light input amount based on the weight to obtain a total light input amount;

[0063] The ratio of the total light input amount to the sum of the weight values ​​is used as the target light input amount of the brightness area.

[0064] For example, Among them, I target is the target light input, w i is the weight value, and n is the number of pixel regions in the brightness region. The weight value can be calculated based on the Gaussian function. For different brightness regions, the target light input amount is calculated separately.

[0065] S240, determining the polarization angle difference of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal unit corresponding to the brightness area in the liquid crystal layer according to the initial light input amount of the brightness area, the target light input amount and the characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer; wherein the light passes through the liquid crystal unit corresponding to the brightness area and irradiates the brightness area.

[0066] Exemplarily, it is possible to determine that each brightness region corresponds to a range of liquid crystal units in the liquid crystal layer, and determine the polarization angle difference of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal units in the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the brightness region based on the initial light input amount, the target light input amount and the characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer. Then, by adjusting the liquid crystal units within the range of the liquid crystal units, each brightness region can be adjusted separately.

[0067] S250 , determining a target voltage value to be applied to a liquid crystal unit in the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the brightness region according to the polarization angle difference.

[0068] For example, the target voltage value to be applied to the liquid crystal unit corresponding to the brightness area in the liquid crystal layer is determined according to the polarization angle difference, so that the voltage of the target voltage value is applied to the liquid crystal unit, thereby adjusting the amount of light entering the brightness area, and then adjusting the brightness of the image area corresponding to the brightness area. The target voltage values ​​to be applied to the liquid crystal units corresponding to each brightness area may be the same or different.

[0069] S260 , after applying the target voltage value to the liquid crystal layer, performing image acquisition through the image sensor.

[0070] The embodiment of the present application provides an exposure control method, which divides the photosensitive area of ​​the image sensor into at least two pixel areas, and determines the brightness area to which each pixel area belongs according to the light intensity of each pixel area and a preset light intensity range. For each brightness area, nonlinearly adjust and smooth the initial light input amount of the brightness area to obtain the target light input amount of each brightness area, and determine the polarization angle difference of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal unit corresponding to the brightness area in the liquid crystal layer according to the initial light input amount of the brightness area, the target light input amount and the characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer. According to the polarization angle difference, determine the target voltage value to be applied to the liquid crystal unit corresponding to the brightness area in the liquid crystal layer, so as to divide the entire photosensitive area into different areas for fine-grained adjustment, and adjust different amplitudes for areas with different brightness, so as to avoid the situation that when the same adjustment amplitude is used for adjustment, the original high-exposure area is clear but the low-brightness area is insufficiently bright, or the low-brightness area is clear but the high-brightness area is overexposed. Through targeted and refined adjustment, different brightness areas can be adjusted to the best clarity.

[0071] Embodiment 3

[0072] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of an exposure control method provided in the third embodiment of the present application. The present embodiment is optimized based on the above embodiment. For solutions not described in detail in the present embodiment, please refer to the above embodiment. Figure 5 As shown, the method of the embodiment of the present application specifically includes the following steps:

[0073] S310, detecting, by an image sensor, an initial amount of light entering the image sensor when the light passes through the liquid crystal layer; wherein the liquid crystal layer is arranged in a light-sensitive direction of the image sensor.

[0074] S320, determining a polarization angle difference of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer according to the initial light input amount, the target light input amount, and characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer.

[0075] S330 , representing, according to the target voltage, a first total energy required for the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer to satisfy the polarization angle difference, and a second total energy possessed by the liquid crystal molecules to satisfy the polarization angle difference.

[0076] For example, it is assumed that the liquid crystal molecules are in a uniform electric field with an electric field strength of E. The two end surfaces of the liquid crystal layer are in contact with two driving electrodes respectively, and the potential difference on the driving electrodes is V, then Where d is the thickness of the liquid crystal layer. The first total energy required by the liquid crystal molecules to satisfy the polarization angle difference and the second total energy possessed by the liquid crystal molecules to satisfy the polarization angle difference can be respectively represented by the electric field intensity E, that is, by the potential difference V.

[0077] In this embodiment of the present application, the process of determining the first total energy includes:

[0078] Determine the bending elastic energy required for the liquid crystal molecules to fully satisfy the polarization angle difference, and represent the electric potential energy required to maintain the liquid crystal molecules in a bent state according to the target voltage;

[0079] The first total energy is determined according to the bending elastic energy and the electric potential energy.

[0080] For example, the energy required for the liquid crystal molecules to bend can be expressed as the bending elastic energy E b To describe, that is

[0081]

[0082] Where K is the bending modulus and Δθ is the polarization angle difference of the liquid crystal molecules. The bending modulus K in liquid crystal molecules is usually around 10 -11 J to 10 -10 In the J range, J is the energy unit joule.

[0083] The potential energy required for the liquid crystal molecules to maintain the bent state can be expressed as E e To express, that is

[0084]

[0085] Where C is the capacitance of the liquid crystal molecule, which is usually around 10 -10 F to 10 -8 F range. F is the unit of capacitance, Farad.

[0086] Therefore, the first total energy E1 required for the liquid crystal molecules to satisfy the polarization angle difference is

[0087]

[0088] The process of determining the second total energy includes:

[0089] Determine the deformation energy of the liquid crystal molecules when the liquid crystal molecules satisfy the polarization angle difference, and represent the electric field energy of the liquid crystal molecules according to the target voltage;

[0090] The second total energy is determined according to the deformation energy and the electric field energy.

[0091] When an electric field is applied, the molecules will deform. According to the law of conservation of energy, the deformation energy of liquid crystal molecules can be expressed as:

[0092]

[0093] Among them, K bend is the bending elastic constant, and E1 is the deformation energy of the liquid crystal molecules. Considering the effect of the electric field in the liquid crystal molecules, according to the law of conservation of energy, the electric field energy in the liquid crystal molecules when an electric field is applied can be expressed as:

[0094]

[0095] Where, ∈0 is the dielectric constant of vacuum, ∈ r is the relative dielectric constant, E is the electric field strength, and d is the thickness of the liquid crystal molecules. el It is the electric field energy possessed by the liquid crystal molecules.

[0096] Furthermore, the second total energy E2 possessed by the liquid crystal molecules when satisfying the polarization angle difference can be expressed as:

[0097]

[0098] S340: According to the law of conservation of energy, an equation between the first total energy and the second total energy is established to calculate a target voltage value of the target voltage.

[0099] According to the law of conservation of energy, we establish the equation, E1=E2, solve for E, and then get V.

[0100] S350 , after applying the target voltage value to the liquid crystal layer, performing image acquisition through the image sensor.

[0101] An embodiment of the present application provides an exposure control method, which represents a first total energy required for liquid crystal molecules in a liquid crystal layer to satisfy a polarization angle difference and a second total energy possessed by the liquid crystal molecules when they satisfy the polarization angle difference according to a target voltage; according to the law of conservation of energy, an equation is established between the first total energy and the second total energy, and a target voltage value of the target voltage is calculated, so as to accurately determine the target voltage value that needs to be applied when the polarization angle of the liquid crystal molecules is driven to satisfy the polarization angle difference, so as to accurately drive the liquid crystal molecules, thereby ensuring that the initial light input amount becomes the target light input amount after passing through the liquid crystal layer, thereby realizing accurate and fine adjustment of the light input amount of the image sensor.

[0102] Embodiment 4

[0103] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an exposure control device provided in the fourth embodiment of the present application. The device can execute the exposure control method provided in any embodiment of the present application and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method. Figure 6 As shown, the device comprises:

[0104] A detection module 410, configured to detect, through an image sensor, an initial amount of light entering the image sensor when the light passes through the liquid crystal layer; wherein the liquid crystal layer is arranged in a light-sensing direction of the image sensor;

[0105] A polarization angle difference determination module 420, configured to determine the polarization angle difference of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer according to the initial light input amount, the target light input amount and the characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer;

[0106] The target voltage value determination module 430 is used to determine the target voltage value required to be applied to the liquid crystal layer according to the polarization angle difference, and after applying the target voltage value to the liquid crystal layer, perform image acquisition through the image sensor.

[0107] In the embodiment of the present application, the polarization angle difference determination module 420 includes:

[0108] a light-incoming amount difference determination unit, configured to determine the light-incoming amount difference according to the initial light-incoming amount and the target light-incoming amount;

[0109] A determination unit is used to determine the polarization angle difference of the liquid crystal molecules according to the light input amount difference and the characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer; wherein the polarization angle difference is a condition that the liquid crystal molecules must meet when the change in the amount of light input through the liquid crystal layer is the light input amount difference.

[0110] In the embodiment of the present application, the device further includes:

[0111] A brightness region determination module, used to divide the photosensitive region of the image sensor into at least two pixel regions, and determine the brightness region to which each pixel region belongs according to the light intensity of each pixel region and a preset light intensity interval;

[0112] The target light input amount determination module is used to perform nonlinear adjustment and smoothing processing on the initial light input amount of each brightness area to obtain the target light input amount of each brightness area.

[0113] In an embodiment of the present application, a target light input amount determination module includes:

[0114] an adjustment coefficient determination unit, configured to obtain an adjustment coefficient by taking a ratio of an initial light input amount of each pixel region in the brightness region to a maximum light input amount among the initial light input amounts of each pixel region as a base and a preset nonlinear parameter as an exponent;

[0115] an adjusted light input amount determination unit, configured to take the product of the initial light input amount and the adjustment coefficient as the adjusted light input amount;

[0116] The smoothing processing unit is used to perform smoothing on the adjusted light input amount to obtain a target light input amount for each brightness area.

[0117] In an embodiment of the present application, the smoothing processing unit includes:

[0118] a total light input amount determination subunit, used to determine the weight corresponding to each pixel area in the brightness area, and perform weighted summation on the adjusted light input amount based on the weight to obtain the total light input amount;

[0119] The ratio calculation subunit is used to use the ratio of the total light input amount to the sum of the weight values ​​as the target light input amount of the brightness area.

[0120] In the embodiment of the present application, the polarization angle difference determination module 420 includes:

[0121] A brightness region corresponding unit, used to determine the polarization angle difference of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal unit corresponding to the brightness region in the liquid crystal layer according to the initial light input amount of the brightness region, the target light input amount and the characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer; wherein the light passes through the liquid crystal unit corresponding to the brightness region and irradiates the brightness region;

[0122] Accordingly, the target voltage value determination module 430 includes:

[0123] The brightness region corresponding parameter determination unit is used to determine the target voltage value to be applied to the liquid crystal unit corresponding to the brightness region in the liquid crystal layer according to the polarization angle difference.

[0124] In the embodiment of the present application, the target voltage value determination module 430 includes:

[0125] an energy representation unit, for representing a first total energy required for liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer to satisfy the polarization angle difference and a second total energy possessed by the liquid crystal molecules when satisfying the polarization angle difference according to a target voltage;

[0126] A voltage value calculation unit is used to establish an equation between the first total energy and the second total energy according to the law of conservation of energy, and calculate a target voltage value of the target voltage.

[0127] In the embodiment of the present application, the device further includes:

[0128] A first total energy representation module is used to determine the bending elastic energy required by the liquid crystal molecules to fully satisfy the polarization angle difference, and to represent the electric potential energy required to maintain the liquid crystal molecules in a bent state according to the target voltage;

[0129] determining the first total energy according to the bending elastic energy and the electric potential energy;

[0130] A second total energy representation module determines the deformation energy of the liquid crystal molecules when the liquid crystal molecules satisfy the polarization angle difference, and represents the electric field energy of the liquid crystal molecules according to the target voltage;

[0131] The second total energy is determined according to the deformation energy and the electric field energy.

[0132] An exposure control device provided in an embodiment of the present application can execute an exposure control method provided in any embodiment of the present application, and has functional modules and beneficial effects corresponding to the execution method.

[0133] Embodiment 5

[0134] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present application is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workbenches, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.) and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present application described and / or required herein.

[0135] like Figure 7As shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory connected to the at least one processor 11, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, etc., wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by at least one processor, and the processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 12 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 18 to the random access memory (RAM) 13. In the RAM 13, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10 can also be stored. The processor 11, the ROM 12, and the RAM 13 are connected to each other through a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0136] A number of components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I / O interface 15, including: an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0137] The processor 11 may be a variety of general and / or dedicated processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 11 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as the exposure control method.

[0138] In some embodiments, the exposure control method may be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and / or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 13 and executed by the processor 11, one or more steps of the exposure control method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 may be configured to perform the exposure control method in any other appropriate manner (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0139] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on chips (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0140] The computer programs for implementing the methods of the present application may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer or other programmable exposure control device, so that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine as a stand-alone software package and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0141] In the context of the present application, a computer readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device or equipment. A computer readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer readable storage medium may be a machine readable signal medium. A more specific example of a machine readable storage medium may include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0142] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other types of devices may also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0143] The systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes backend components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes frontend components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0144] A computing system may include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally remote from each other and usually interact through a communication network. The client and server relationship is generated by computer programs running on the corresponding computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system to solve the defects of difficult management and weak business scalability in traditional physical hosts and VPS services.

[0145] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps recorded in this application can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the information expected by the technical solution of this application can be achieved, and this document is not limited here.

[0146] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of this application. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included in the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An exposure control method, characterized in that: The method comprises: The image sensor detects the initial amount of light entering the image sensor when the light passes through the liquid crystal layer; wherein the liquid crystal layer is arranged in the light-sensing direction of the image sensor; Determining a polarization angle difference of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer according to the initial light input amount, the target light input amount and characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer; The target voltage value required to be applied to the liquid crystal layer is determined according to the polarization angle difference, and after the target voltage value is applied to the liquid crystal layer, image acquisition is performed through the image sensor.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the polarization angle difference of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer according to the initial light input amount, the target light input amount, and the characteristic parameter of the liquid crystal layer includes: Determining a light input amount difference according to the initial light input amount and the target light input amount; The polarization angle difference of the liquid crystal molecules is determined according to the light input amount difference and the characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer; wherein the polarization angle difference is a condition that the liquid crystal molecules must meet when the change in the amount of light input through the liquid crystal layer is the light input amount difference.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of determining the target light input amount includes: Dividing the photosensitive area of ​​the image sensor into at least two pixel areas, and determining the brightness area to which each pixel area belongs according to the light intensity of each pixel area and a preset light intensity range; For each brightness area, nonlinear adjustment and smoothing are performed on the initial light input amount of the brightness area to obtain the target light input amount of each brightness area.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The initial light input amount of the brightness area is nonlinearly adjusted and smoothed to obtain the target light input amount of each brightness area, including: The ratio of the initial light input amount of each pixel area in the brightness area to the maximum light input amount among the initial light input amounts of each pixel area is used as a base number, and the preset nonlinear parameter is used as an exponent to obtain an adjustment coefficient; The product of the initial light input amount and the adjustment coefficient is used as the adjusted light input amount; The adjusted light input amount is smoothed to obtain a target light input amount for each brightness area.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The adjusted light input amount is smoothed to obtain a target light input amount for each brightness area, including: Determine a weight corresponding to each pixel area in the brightness area, and perform weighted summation on the adjusted light input amount based on the weight to obtain a total light input amount; The ratio of the total light input amount to the sum of the weight values ​​is used as the target light input amount of the brightness area.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Determining the polarization angle difference of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer according to the initial light input amount, the target light input amount, and the characteristic parameter of the liquid crystal layer includes: Determine the polarization angle difference of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal unit corresponding to the brightness region in the liquid crystal layer according to the initial light input amount of the brightness region, the target light input amount and the characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer; wherein the light passes through the liquid crystal unit corresponding to the brightness region and irradiates the brightness region; Accordingly, determining the target voltage value to be applied to the liquid crystal layer according to the polarization angle difference includes: A target voltage value required to be applied to a liquid crystal unit corresponding to the brightness area in the liquid crystal layer is determined according to the polarization angle difference.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining a target voltage value to be applied to the liquid crystal layer according to the polarization angle difference includes: According to the target voltage, a first total energy required for the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer to satisfy the polarization angle difference and a second total energy possessed by the liquid crystal molecules when satisfying the polarization angle difference are expressed; According to the law of conservation of energy, an equation between the first total energy and the second total energy is established to calculate a target voltage value of the target voltage.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The process of determining the first total energy includes: Determine the bending elastic energy required for the liquid crystal molecules to fully satisfy the polarization angle difference, and represent the electric potential energy required to maintain the liquid crystal molecules in a bent state according to the target voltage; determining the first total energy according to the bending elastic energy and the electric potential energy; The process of determining the second total energy includes: Determine the deformation energy of the liquid crystal molecules when the liquid crystal molecules satisfy the polarization angle difference, and represent the electric field energy of the liquid crystal molecules according to the target voltage; The second total energy is determined according to the deformation energy and the electric field energy.

9. An exposure control device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A detection module, used to detect the initial amount of light entering the image sensor when the light passes through the liquid crystal layer through the image sensor; wherein the liquid crystal layer is arranged in the light-sensing direction of the image sensor; a polarization angle difference determination module, configured to determine the polarization angle difference of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer according to the initial light input amount, the target light input amount and characteristic parameters of the liquid crystal layer; The target voltage value determination module is used to determine the target voltage value required to be applied to the liquid crystal layer according to the polarization angle difference, and after applying the target voltage value to the liquid crystal layer, perform image acquisition through the image sensor.

10. An image collector, characterized in that: The image collector comprises: An image sensor and a liquid crystal layer arranged in a light-sensitive direction of the image sensor; at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can perform the exposure control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

11. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the exposure control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 when executed.

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