Soybean breeding apparatus

Abstract

The application discloses a soybean breeding device for experiments, which comprises a culture box and a box body for providing different photoperiods for soybean breeding in a culture area, the culture box is arranged in the box body, a stabilizing frame and a sunshine lamp tube are arranged above the culture area, the stabilizing frame is driven to move up and down by a telescopic support to adjust the distance between the sunshine lamp tube and soybean seedlings, the stabilizing frame comprises a square frame and a square box, the square frame is horizontally arranged and used for arranging a plurality of sunshine lamp tubes with different powers side by side, the square box is fixedly arranged below one side of the square frame and is perpendicular to the square frame, the lower edge of the square box is parallel to one side of the square frame, and the lower edge of the square box serves as a reference line for adjusting the distance between the sunshine lamp tube and the soybean seedlings by the telescopic support. The equal distance between the soybean seedlings and the sunshine lamp tube is conveniently adjusted, and the experimental efficiency and accuracy are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of soybean breeding technology, and more specifically, this invention relates to an experimental soybean breeding device. Background Technology

[0002] Although existing technologies include soybean breeding boxes (CN212414055U) that can simulate different photoperiods, providing a possibility for the study of photoperiod adaptability of soybean varieties, the following problems still exist in actual use: First, it is difficult to measure and adjust the distance between soybean seedlings and light tubes, making it difficult to achieve equidistant adjustment; second, it is necessary to regularly observe the growth of soybean seedlings, including the measurement of leaf number and leaf area. Existing technologies rely on manual operation, which is not only labor-intensive but also easily interferes with the growth of soybean seedlings, which is not conducive to experimental research. Summary of the Invention

[0003] One object of the present invention is to address at least the aforementioned deficiencies and to provide at least the advantages that will be described later.

[0004] This invention provides an experimental soybean breeding device, which improves the structure of the stabilizing frame and adds automated detection and measurement functions, enabling convenient adjustment of the equidistant distance between soybean seedlings and sunlight lamps and automatic measurement of soybean seedling growth, thereby improving experimental efficiency and accuracy.

[0005] This invention provides an experimental soybean breeding device, comprising a culture box and a housing for providing different photoperiods to soybeans in a cultivation area. The culture box is disposed within the housing. A stabilizing frame and solar lamps are installed above the cultivation area. The stabilizing frame is moved up and down by a telescopic support to adjust the distance between the solar lamps and the soybean seedlings. The stabilizing frame includes a square frame and a square frame. The square frame is horizontally arranged for mounting several solar lamps of different wattages side by side. The square frame is fixed below one side of the square frame and is perpendicular to the square frame, with the lower edge of the square frame parallel to one side of the square frame. The lower edge of the square frame serves as a reference line for the telescopic support to adjust the distance between the solar lamps and the soybean seedlings.

[0006] Preferably, one side of the bottom edge of the square frame is in close contact with one inner wall of the incubator.

[0007] Preferably, the two vertical sides of the square frame are adjustable in length.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes an integrated infrared transmitter and receiver and a swing motor. The integrated infrared transmitter and receiver is mounted on the lower side of the square frame by the swing motor and can swing horizontally so that the infrared rays emitted by the integrated infrared transmitter and receiver are parallel to the square frame for scanning and detecting the top of the soybean seedlings. The telescopic bracket is an electric telescopic bracket. The integrated infrared transmitter and receiver, the swing motor, the electric telescopic bracket and the fluorescent lamp are electrically connected to the controller.

[0009] Preferably, when the controller detects that the distance between the soybean seedling and the fluorescent lamp needs to be adjusted through the timer, the controller controls the swing motor to drive the integrated infrared transmitter and receiver to swing left and right in the horizontal direction and controls the integrated infrared transmitter and receiver to emit and receive infrared signals to detect the top of the soybean seedling. If a signal of the top of the soybean seedling being blocked is detected, the controller controls the electric telescopic bracket to gradually shorten and move the fluorescent lamp upward until no signal of the top of the soybean seedling being blocked is detected, at which point the electric telescopic bracket stops shortening.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a camera and a control panel; the camera is mounted under the square frame of the stabilizer and is used to capture images of soybean leaves; the camera is electrically connected to the controller and is used to transmit the captured image information of soybean leaves to the controller for processing, and to count the number of leaves and the leaf area; the control panel is electrically connected to the controller and is used to display the statistical results, record and store them, and receive user instructions and parameter settings.

[0011] Preferably, the image information of soybean leaves is captured and transmitted to the controller for processing to count the number and area of ​​leaves, specifically as follows: 1) When the controller detects that the number and area of ​​leaves need to be counted through a timer or when the user commands the number and area of ​​leaves to be counted, it controls and adjusts the power of the daylight lamps in the cultivation area to be the same. The controller captures images of soybean leaves through a camera and transmits them to the controller for processing. After the images are captured, the controller controls the daylight lamps to return to their previous power. 2) Leaf count: A leaf detection model is trained using deep learning algorithms to detect targets in the preprocessed image and identify the location and number of leaves; 3) Leaf area calculation: The identified leaves are accurately segmented using an image segmentation algorithm to extract the leaf outline, and the leaf area is calculated using a pixel counting method.

[0012] Preferably, the deep learning algorithm uses the YOLO algorithm; the image segmentation algorithm uses the U-Net algorithm.

[0013] Preferably, the pixel counting method specifically involves scanning line by line to determine and count the number of pixels within the blade boundary, and multiplying the count by the area of ​​each pixel to obtain the blade area.

[0014] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: First, by setting up a square frame and its adjustment mechanism, the present invention enables convenient adjustment of the equidistant distance between soybean seedlings and solar lamp tubes, reducing the difficulty of operation and workload.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention achieves automatic adjustment of the equidistant distance between soybean seedlings and solar lamp tubes through the cooperation of an integrated infrared transmitter and receiver, a swing motor and an electric telescopic bracket, thereby improving efficiency and intelligence.

[0016] Third, this invention, through the cooperation of a camera, controller, and control panel, realizes the automatic measurement of the number and area of ​​soybean seedling leaves, reducing errors and interference caused by manual measurement and improving the accuracy and reliability of experimental data.

[0017] Fourth, the device of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It is suitable for the study of photoperiod adaptability and growth monitoring in soybean breeding process and has important application value.

[0018] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one implementation of the experimental soybean breeding device described in this invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the stabilization frame of the experimental soybean breeding device described in this invention; The components include: liquid supply tank 1; liquid supply pipe 2; temperature and humidity sensor 3; telescopic bracket 4; box body 5; incubator 6; heater 7; pipe 8; reflector 9; square frame 10; vertical side 11; bottom side 12; square frame 13; sunlight lamp 14; camera 15; and integrated infrared transmitter and receiver 16. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods, and the reagents and materials mentioned are commercially available. In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connection or setting, detachable connection or setting, or integral connection or setting. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. The terms "lateral," "longitudinal," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0022] Figures 1-2 The implementation of an experimental soybean breeding device is shown, which includes a culture box 6 and a box body 5 for providing different photoperiods for soybean breeding in the cultivation area. The culture box 6 is set inside the box body 5. A stabilizing frame and a solar lamp tube 14 are installed above the cultivation area. The stabilizing frame is driven to move up and down by a telescopic bracket 4 to adjust the distance between the solar lamp tube 14 and the soybean seedlings. The specific structure for achieving the above functions can be found in existing technology. Generally, the chamber 5 has a door, and the side wall of the chamber 5 has an exhaust pipe. The incubator 6 is placed inside the chamber 5, and the side wall of the incubator 6 has several ventilation holes for airflow communication between the incubator 6 and the chamber 5. The incubator 6 is longitudinally divided into several culture zones by several horizontal plates. Each culture zone has a reflector 9 on its inner side wall. A stabilizing frame is installed at the top of the incubator 6 and at the bottom of each horizontal plate. Several fluorescent lamps 14 of different wattages are detachably connected side-by-side to the stabilizing frame. Each fluorescent lamp tube 14 is covered with a diffuser. Telescopic supports 4 are installed between the stabilizing frame, the horizontal plate, and the inner top wall of the incubator 6. These supports 4 are used to adjust the distance between the fluorescent lamp tube 14 and the soybean seedlings. Several cultivation troughs are set up on the cultivation area of ​​the horizontal plate, each containing a seedling tray filled with soil. Each seedling tray contains one soybean seedling or the same number of seedlings. Nutrient solution and water from the nutrient supply tank 1 are connected to the seedling trays via the supply pipe 2, providing uniform moisture or nutrient solution to the soybean seedlings. A heater 7, a cooler, a humidifier, and a fan are installed outside the incubator 5. A temperature and humidity sensor 3 is installed inside the incubator 6. The heater 7, cooler, and humidifier are connected to the inside of the incubator 5 via pipes 8, and can also be connected to the incubator 6. The temperature and humidity inside the incubator 6 are controlled by a controller, the temperature and humidity sensor 3, and the heater, cooler, humidifier, and fan. A timer or a controller with a built-in timer is electrically connected to each of the solar lamps 14 located in the same cultivation zone. The controller controls the timer, thereby controlling the switching on and off of solar lamps 14 with different power levels. This controls the duration of sunlight and the power of light in different cultivation zones, enabling research on different photoperiods in soybean breeding within the cultivation zone. Further details will not be elaborated here; the main improvements of this invention are as follows: The stabilizing frame includes a square frame 10 and a square frame 13. The square frame 10 is horizontally arranged for mounting several solar lamp tubes 14 of different power values ​​side by side. The square frame 13 is fixed below one side of the square frame 10 and is perpendicular to the square frame 10, with the lower side 12 of the square frame 13 parallel to one side of the square frame 10. The lower side 12 of the square frame 13 serves as a reference line for the telescopic bracket 4 to adjust the distance between the solar lamp tubes 14 and the soybean seedlings.

[0023] In use, the distance between the lower edge 12 of the square frame 13 and one side of the square frame 10 is set as the required distance between the soybean seedlings and the solar lamp tube 14 in each cultivation area. During the experimental soybean breeding process, when it is necessary to adjust the distance between the soybean seedlings and the solar lamp tube 14 periodically, there is no need to enter the cultivation box 6 to measure the distance between the soybean seedlings and the solar lamp tube 14. It is only necessary to drive the stabilizer to move upward by the telescopic bracket 4 so that the lower edge 12 of the square frame 13 is level with the top of the soybean seedlings. That is, by visually estimating that the lower edge 12 of the square frame 13 is level with the top of the soybean seedlings, the equidistant distance between the soybean seedlings and the solar lamp tube 14 can be adjusted. The operation is convenient and simple, reducing the workload.

[0024] Based on the above implementation, the lower edge 12 of the square frame 13 is closely attached to one side of the inner wall of the incubator 6. This side of the inner wall of the incubator 6 faces the door of the box body 5, and this side of the incubator 6 is transparent. The combination of the lower edge 12 of the square frame 13 being closely attached to the inner wall of the incubator 6 can not only remove water mist from one side of the inner wall of the incubator 6, but also facilitate the horizontal visual inspection of the lower edge 12 of the square frame 13 to determine whether the lower edge 12 of the square frame 13 is flush with the top of the soybean seedlings, thereby improving the reference effect and adjustment efficiency.

[0025] Based on the above implementation, the two vertical sides 11 of the square frame 13 are adjustable in length, so that the distance between the bottom side 12 of the square frame 13 and one side of the square frame 10 is adjustable, which can meet the different distance requirements between soybean seedlings and solar lamp tubes 14 in different experiments and improve applicability.

[0026] Based on the above implementation, it also includes an integrated infrared transmitter and receiver 16 and a swing motor. The integrated infrared transmitter and receiver 16 is set at the lower side 12 of the square frame 13 by the swing motor and can swing horizontally, so that the infrared rays emitted by the integrated infrared transmitter and receiver 16 are parallel to the square frame 13 for scanning and detecting the top of the soybean seedlings. The telescopic bracket 4 is an electric telescopic bracket (for example, an electric telescopic rod, one end of which is vertically set at the top of the incubator 6 or the bottom of each horizontal plate, and the other end is vertically set on the square frame 10, so as to realize the electric control of the stable frame to drive the solar lamp tube 14 to move up and down. The swing motor can be a micro swing motor, which is small in size and low in power consumption, and is very suitable for applications that drive small components). The integrated infrared transmitter and receiver 16, the swing motor, the electric telescopic bracket and the solar lamp tube 14 are electrically connected to the controller. When the controller detects that the distance between the soybean seedlings and the solar lamp 14 needs adjustment via a timer, it controls the swing motor to drive the integrated infrared transmitter and receiver 16 to swing horizontally left and right. The controller also controls the integrated infrared transmitter and receiver 16 to emit and receive infrared signals to detect the top of the soybean seedlings. If a signal indicating that the top of the soybean seedling is obstructing the light is detected, the controller controls the electric telescopic bracket to gradually shorten, moving the solar lamp 14 upwards until no more signal indicating obstruction is detected. At this point, the electric telescopic bracket stops shortening. Alternatively, the solar lamp 14 can be turned off first, followed by a scanning detection of the top of the soybean seedlings, which helps improve the detection effect.

[0027] In the above technical solution, the soybean breeding device used in this experiment mainly includes a square frame 13, an integrated infrared transmitter and receiver 16, a swing motor, an electric telescopic support, a solar lamp tube 14, and a controller.

[0028] The integrated infrared transmitter and receiver 16 is mounted on the lower edge 12 of the square frame 13 via a swing motor, located in the middle of the lower edge 12 of the square frame 13, and can swing horizontally. The integrated infrared transmitter and receiver 16 is used to scan and detect the top of soybean seedlings. Its working principle is to emit infrared signals and receive the reflected signals, and determine whether there are soybean seedling tops at the horizontal position of the scan by calculating the time difference or phase difference of the signals.

[0029] The swing motor is connected to the integrated infrared transmitter and receiver 16, which drives the motor to swing left and right in the horizontal direction. Driven by the swing motor, the integrated infrared transmitter and receiver 16 can fully scan the soybean seedlings on the adjusted horizontal plane, ensuring that the top of every soybean seedling in the cultivation area is detected without omission.

[0030] The electrically operated telescopic bracket supports the stabilizing frame and the solar lamp 14, and can be extended and retracted according to the controller's instructions. Adjusting the electric telescopic bracket changes the distance between the solar lamp 14 and the soybean seedlings. The electric telescopic bracket features high precision, high stability, and high reliability, ensuring accurate adjustment of the solar lamp 14's position.

[0031] Sunlight tube 14 provides the necessary light conditions for soybean seedlings. Its light intensity, spectrum and other parameters can be set or selected according to experimental needs.

[0032] As the core component of the device control, the controller is responsible for receiving signals from the integrated infrared transmitter and receiver 16 and precisely controlling the swing motor, electric telescopic bracket, and solar lamp 14 according to preset programs and parameters. The controller also has a timer function, which can monitor the growth time of soybean seedlings and issue commands when it is necessary to adjust the distance between the soybean seedlings and the solar lamp 14.

[0033] The experimental soybean breeding device of the present invention also discloses another implementation method, which integrates image processing and machine learning technology, and can accurately count the number and area of ​​soybean leaves, providing a powerful tool for soybean breeding research.

[0034] The soybean breeding device used in this experiment has been upgraded from the original one, with the addition of two core components: camera 15 and control panel, which further enhances the intelligence level of the device.

[0035] Camera 15 is mounted under the square frame 10 of the stabilizer, in a central position to clearly capture images of soybean leaves. Camera 15 is electrically connected to the controller, allowing it to transmit captured image information to the controller for processing in real time at set intervals. Through camera 15, we can obtain information about the growth of soybean leaves, providing a basis for subsequent data analysis and processing.

[0036] The control panel, serving as a bridge between the user and the device, is electrically connected to the controller. It not only displays statistical results of the blade images captured by camera 15 (such as the number and area of ​​blades), but also records and stores this data for easy analysis and comparison by the user. Furthermore, the control panel supports receiving user commands and parameter settings, such as setting the time interval for blade statistics and adjusting image processing algorithm parameters, providing significant convenience for the user.

[0037] The specific process of counting the number of blades and the area of ​​blades: Image Capture and Processing: When the controller detects a time point requiring leaf count and area measurement via a timer, or when a user issues a statistical command via the control panel, the controller adjusts the power of the daylight lamps 14 in the cultivation area to be uniform, reducing the impact of different light sources on image capture and ensuring consistency. Subsequently, the camera 15 begins capturing images of soybean leaves and transmits the image information to the controller for processing. After image capture is complete, the controller restores the daylight lamps 14 to their previous power to ensure the experimental environment requirements for soybeans are met.

[0038] Leaf detection and quantity counting: The controller uses deep learning algorithms (such as YOLO) to train a leaf detection model, which then identifies and processes the captured images (the captured images can be pre-processed, including noise reduction and contrast enhancement to improve image quality). The YOLO algorithm is efficient and accurate, quickly identifying the position and quantity of leaves. Using this algorithm, we can obtain precise information on the location and quantity of leaves in each image.

[0039] Leaf Segmentation and Area Calculation: After obtaining the position and number of leaves, the controller uses an image segmentation algorithm (such as the U-Net algorithm) to accurately segment the identified leaves. The U-Net algorithm is an image segmentation method based on convolutional neural networks, possessing excellent segmentation performance and robustness. This algorithm allows for accurate segmentation of the leaves from the image, providing a foundation for subsequent area calculation. Next, the controller uses a pixel counting method to calculate the leaf area. Specifically, it scans line by line to determine and count the number of pixels within the leaf boundary, then multiplies this count by the area of ​​each pixel to obtain the precise area of ​​the leaf.

[0040] The specific implementation process of user interaction and data storage: User Interaction: Users can interact with the device through the control panel, such as setting the time interval for blade statistics, viewing statistical results, and exporting data. The control panel provides a user-friendly interface and a wealth of functional options, enabling users to easily operate and manage the device.

[0041] Data storage: The controller stores the leaf quantity and area information obtained from each statistical analysis in its built-in data storage unit. Users can view historical data at any time through the control panel for data analysis and comparison. Users can also store the data on external storage devices (such as USB flash drives, hard drives, etc.) for more in-depth data mining and applications.

[0042] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. Further modifications can be readily implemented by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An experimental soybean breeding apparatus, comprising a culture box and a housing for providing different photoperiods to soybeans in a cultivation area, the culture box being disposed within the housing, a stabilizing frame and a solar lamp being installed above the cultivation area, and the stabilizing frame being moved up and down via a telescopic support to adjust the distance between the solar lamp and the soybean seedlings, characterized in that: The stabilizing frame includes a square frame and a square base. The square frame is horizontally arranged to accommodate several fluorescent lamps of different wattages installed side-by-side. The square base is fixed below one side of the square frame and is perpendicular to the square frame, with the bottom edge of the square base parallel to one side of the square frame. The bottom edge of the square base serves as a reference line for adjusting the distance between the fluorescent lamps and the soybean seedlings using a telescopic support. One side of the bottom edge of the square base is in close contact with the inner wall of one side of the incubator. The two vertical sides of the square base are adjustable in length. It also includes an integrated infrared transmitter and receiver, a swing motor, a camera, and a control panel; The integrated infrared transmitter and receiver is mounted on the lower side of the square frame via a swing motor and can swing horizontally, so that the infrared rays emitted by the integrated infrared transmitter and receiver are parallel to the square frame, for scanning and detecting the top of the soybean seedlings; The telescopic support is an electric telescopic support. The integrated infrared transmitter and receiver, the swing motor, the electric telescopic support, and the fluorescent lamp are electrically connected to the controller. When the controller detects that the distance between the soybean seedling and the fluorescent lamp needs to be adjusted through a timer, the controller controls the swing motor to drive the integrated infrared transmitter and receiver to swing left and right in the horizontal direction and controls the integrated infrared transmitter and receiver to emit and receive infrared signals to detect the top of the soybean seedling. If a signal of the top of the soybean seedling blocking is detected, the controller controls the electric telescopic support to gradually shorten and move the fluorescent lamp upward until no signal of the top of the soybean seedling blocking is detected, at which point the electric telescopic support stops shortening. The camera is installed under the square frame of the stabilizer to capture images of soybean leaves. The camera is electrically connected to the controller to transmit the captured image information of soybean leaves to the controller for processing, and to count the number of leaves and leaf area. Specifically: 1) When the controller detects that the number of leaves and leaf area need to be counted through a timer or when the user commands the number of leaves and leaf area to be counted, it controls and adjusts the power of the daylight lamps in the cultivation area to be the same. The camera captures images of soybean leaves and transmits them to the controller for processing. After the image capture is completed, the daylight lamps are controlled to return to their previous power. 2) Leaf count: A leaf detection model is trained using deep learning algorithms to detect targets in the preprocessed image and identify the location and number of leaves; 3) Leaf area calculation: The identified leaves are accurately segmented using an image segmentation algorithm to extract the leaf outline, and the leaf area is calculated using a pixel counting method. The deep learning algorithm used is the YOLO algorithm; the image segmentation algorithm used is the U-Net algorithm; the pixel counting method specifically involves scanning line by line to determine and count the number of pixels within the leaf boundary, multiplying the result by the area of ​​each pixel to obtain the leaf area. The control panel is electrically connected to the controller and is used to display statistical results, record and store data, receive user commands, and set parameters.

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