Animal feed rich in probiotics and selenium-enriched protein chrysanthemum and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses animal feed rich in probiotics and selenium-enriched protein chrysanthemum and a preparation method of the animal feed, and relates to the technical field of animal feed and preparation thereof. According to the animal feed rich in probiotics and selenium-enriched protein chrysanthemum and the preparation method of the animal feed, the animal feed is prepared from 60-65 parts of corn, 10-20 parts of soybean meal, 10-15 parts of wheat bran, 2-4 parts of fish meal, 0.2-0.5 part of calcium bicarbonate, 1.0-1.5 parts of mountain flour, 0.1-0.4 part of table salt, 0.8-1.2 parts of eggshells, 0.22-0.35 part of a vitamin additive, 5-7 parts of bacillus licheniformis liquid and 23-28 parts of fermented waste distillers' grains. According to the invention, through a plurality of trace elements, probiotics and selenium-rich protein chrysanthemum beneficial to animal development and growth, the problem of insufficient endogenous enzymes of animals is solved, the feed utilization rate is improved, and the used probiotics such as selenium-rich protein chrysanthemum and bacillus licheniformis can regulate and maintain the ecological balance of animal intestinal microorganisms, promote animal growth and improve animal immunity. And antibiotics are replaced to be widely used in the feed, so that antibiotic flooding is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of animal feed and preparation thereof, in particular to an animal feed rich in probiotics and selenium-rich protein chrysanthemum and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Feed is the general term for food for animals raised by humans. In a narrower sense, feed mainly refers to food for animals raised in agriculture or animal husbandry. Feed includes more than ten types of feed raw materials such as soybeans, soybean meal, corn, fish meal, amino acids, miscellaneous meal, whey powder, oils, meat and bone meal, grains, feed additives, etc.

[0003] With the development of microbial biotechnology, the method of using microbial conversion ability to produce selenium feed additives has begun to attract people's attention. However, the relevant technology or research is generally in the early stage. Generally speaking, a single strain of bacteria is used. The efficiency of converting inorganic selenium into organic selenium is not high, and repeated separation and purification are required. The production cost is too high, which is not suitable for use as a feed additive and difficult to promote and apply in the feed industry. In addition, the selenium-enriched yeast or photosynthetic bacteria produced are finally separated and dried and then crushed for use as additives, which loses the activity of the bacteria and lacks the regulatory effect on intestinal microorganisms, affecting the utilization rate of selenium and unable to ensure the health of intestinal flora. The health of intestinal flora is an important part of the intestinal tract to play its nutritional metabolism and immune role. Current studies have shown that fermented feed produced by beneficial intestinal microorganisms can regulate the health of intestinal flora, reduce intestinal diseases, eliminate antibiotic dependence, and is an effective means of antibiotic-free breeding technology. It can be seen that in order to solve the shortcomings of the existing selenium-rich microbial conversion technology, it is necessary to combine it with beneficial intestinal microorganisms, utilize the synergistic conversion effect of multiple beneficial intestinal microorganisms, improve the conversion efficiency of inorganic selenium, and directly produce selenium-rich polypeptide protein feed to feed animals, so as to achieve simultaneous selenium supplementation and intestinal flora health regulation, and obtain selenium-rich and antibiotic-free livestock and poultry products.

[0004] For example, the selenium-enriched polypeptide protein feed based on intestinal beneficial Bacillus and its production method disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN112931703A, through the synergistic metabolic conversion of the intestinal beneficial Bacillus discovered by the present invention, namely Bacillus martensii L-YQ, methylotrophic Bacillus L-MN, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LM-Y, the proteins in corn, wheat, soybean meal, rapeseed meal and paper mulberry leaves are relatively thoroughly converted into polypeptides and amino acids, and at the same time, inorganic selenium is absorbed by the three Bacillus and converted into active organic selenium of biological origin, that is, organic selenium forms such as polypeptides, amino acids and other organic acids rich in selenium, which effectively improves the efficiency of converting inorganic selenium into organic selenium.

[0005] First, through the synergistic metabolic transformation of the intestinal beneficial Bacillus discovered above, namely Bacillus martensii L-YQ, methylotrophic Bacillus L-MN, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LM-Y, these Bacillus provide active organic selenium, but this method requires large-scale cultivation and the concentration needs to be precisely controlled. It is impossible to further extract organic selenium that is beneficial to animal absorption based on fermentation waste such as grains and fruits. Therefore, this application provides a new source of selenium-rich feed protein for animal feed rich in probiotics and selenium-rich protein chrysanthemum. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an animal feed rich in probiotics and selenium-rich protein chrysanthemum and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: an animal feed rich in probiotics and selenium-rich protein chrysanthemum and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0008] 60-65 parts of corn, 10-20 parts of soybean meal, 10-15 parts of wheat bran, 2-4 parts of fish meal, 0.2-0.5 parts of calcium bicarbonate, 1.0-1.5 parts of stone powder, 0.1-0.4 parts of salt, 0.8-1.2 parts of eggshell, 0.22-0.35 parts of vitamin additives, 5-7 parts of Bacillus licheniformis liquid, and 23-28 parts of fermentation waste.

[0009] Among them, corn, soybean meal and wheat bran are the basic energy sources of animal feed. Furthermore, fish meal provides high-quality protein, promotes animal growth and development, and supplements trace elements; calcium bicarbonate, as a calcium source, contributes to the bone health and growth and development of animals, and can maintain the acid-base balance of feed; stone powder is also a calcium supplement, and can promote digestion, improve feed quality, and make feed particles uniform in size; salt is used to improve the taste of feed and provide necessary electrolytes; eggshells play the role of supplementing calcium sources and amino acids; vitamin additives promote animal growth, improve feed return, improve animal reproductive performance, and enhance resistance, as one of the components to replace drug additives and antibiotics; Bacillus licheniformis liquid can regulate and maintain the ecological balance of animal intestinal microorganisms, and Bacillus licheniformis can secrete a variety of enzymes, such as pectinase, Amylase, lipase, cellulase, etc., these enzymes not only make up for the problem of insufficient endogenous enzymes in animals, but also produce some small molecule proteins and organic acids that are easier to be digested and absorbed by animals, thereby improving feed utilization. Bacillus licheniformis liquid is used as an improved probiotic; fermentation grains are specially treated grains, which were originally waste after brewing. However, since the grains are fermented from grains, beans and other grains, they contain more nutrients. Therefore, this application is based on the principle of recycling, environmental protection and reuse, and further processes and ferments the grains to obtain selenium-rich proteins, amino acids and other selenium forms in the feed. Combined with probiotics such as Bacillus licheniformis, it can regulate and maintain the ecological balance of animal intestinal microorganisms, promote animal growth, improve feed remuneration, enhance resistance, replace the widespread use of antibiotics in feed, and avoid the proliferation of antibiotics.

[0010] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that each kilogram of the animal feed provides at least vitamin A-240000IU, vitamin D3-55000UI, vitamin E-480IU, vitamin K3-45mg, vitamin B1-22mg, vitamin B2-100mg, vitamin B5-250mg, vitamin B6-45mg, vitamin B 12 -0.3mg, pyridine-3-carboxylic acid-500mg, folic acid-10mg, biotin-1mg, selenium-12g, choline chloride-8g, Fe-2.2g, Cu-3.1g, Zn-3.1g, Mn-1.0g, I-10mg.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the animal feed can be produced into puffed feed, powdered feed, granular feed and liquid feed through different processing techniques.

[0012] The further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the fermented waste grains include the following weight components, including protein chrysanthemum waste grains, sodium selenite, candida, candidum, sucrose, bran, KCl, K2HPO4, FESO4, NaNO3, MgSO4, and Na2SeO3, wherein protein chrysanthemum is a high-quality feed, fresh and juicy, and has good palatability. It is liked by livestock and poultry such as pigs, horses, cattle, sheep, chickens, ducks, geese, and rabbits. It can also be used to feed aquatic animals such as fish, turtles, shrimps, and crabs, and can be used as green fodder, or it can be made into dry feed and feed additives, which greatly reduces the cost of the breeding industry and the cost of the feed manufacturing industry. At the same time, it can enhance the resistance and immunity of livestock, poultry, and aquatic animals.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that a method for preparing animal feed is also provided, comprising the following specific steps:

[0014] S1: Remove the outer skin of corn, soybean meal and wheat bran, grind them into powder by a grinder, sieve them through a 60-mesh sieve, control the particle size to 7-10 mm, add an appropriate amount of crushed stone powder, stir and mix at 45°C, stir into slurry, cool to room temperature, add salt, boil and stir for 20-30 minutes, and obtain a preliminary mixture;

[0015] S2: Spread the preliminary mixture obtained in S1 on a sieve plate, grind the eggshells and vitamin additives prepared in advance, add the eggshells and vitamin additives to the preliminary mixture obtained in S1, evenly spread them, knead them into a ball, repeat the process several times, cover with gauze, and place them in a constant temperature environment of 36°C for 24 hours to obtain a pre-fermented mixture;

[0016] S3: Add boiled warm water to the pre-fermented mixture obtained in S2, put it into a sterilization box for sterilization, take it out and let it stand at room temperature, add Bacillus licheniformis solution and fermentation waste, knead and beat it again, put it into a cleaned sealed can, seal the sealed can, ferment for 3-4 days, and turn it 3 times a day to obtain a fermented mixture;

[0017] S4: Take out the fermented mixture, take appropriate amount of fish meal and calcium bicarbonate and mix them evenly, circulate through hot air drying, granulate through a granulator to obtain animal feed, and seal and store for later use.

[0018] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the live bacteria content of the Bacillus licheniformis liquid added to S3 is 200 million to 500 million per ml.

[0019] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that, before the fermentation waste grains in S3 are added to the pre-fermentation mixture, the preparation method thereof is specifically as follows:

[0020] T1: Take an appropriate amount of waste grains and add sodium selenite into a conical flask, add an appropriate amount of sucrose and KCl, K2HPO4, FESO4, NaNO3, MgSO4, and add a certain amount of Na2SeO3, adjust the pH value to 5.0±0.2 with lime water, sterilize at high temperature, and obtain a waste grains mixture;

[0021] T2: Candida albicans and Geotrichum candidum were inoculated at 3% in a culture medium containing 15 g / ml Na2SeO3, and cultured at 29 ± 0.5°C;

[0022] T3: The Candida albicans and Geotrichum candidum cultured in T2 are inoculated into the waste grains mixture obtained in T1, sealed in a fermentation tank, and fermented for 3-5 days to obtain fermentation waste grains.

[0023] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the fermented dregs raw material can be replaced with any one of husks, straws, grain bran and germs according to the target animal. The fermented dregs are replaced with any one of husks, straws, grain bran and germs. According to the target animal, the waste edible raw materials are selected, and the nutritional value is improved after conversion, providing a new source of selenium-rich feed protein for animal feed rich in probiotics, which is more economical and environmentally friendly.

[0024] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the preparation of the Bacillus licheniformis solution comprises the following specific steps:

[0025] A basic culture medium containing 1% peptone, 0.5% yeast extract and 1% sodium chloride is prepared, and Bacillus licheniformis is placed in the culture medium for activation;

[0026] The activated Bacillus licheniformis is inoculated and cultured in a culture medium containing 1% sucrose, 1% peptone, and 0.5% sodium chloride, with the pH value controlled at 7.0±0.4. The culture is carried out at 37° C., with a shaking speed of 160 r / min, and the culture time is 18 to 24 hours, until the Bacillus licheniformis liquid reaches an ideal concentration.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are that the problem of insufficient endogenous enzymes in animals is made up by a variety of trace elements, probiotics and selenium-rich protein chrysanthemum that are beneficial to the development and growth of animals, and the animal is more easily digested and absorbed, thereby improving the feed utilization rate. Moreover, the selenium-rich protein chrysanthemum, Bacillus licheniformis and other probiotics used can regulate and maintain the ecological balance of animal intestinal microorganisms, promote animal growth, improve feed compensation, enhance resistance, replace the widespread use of antibiotics in feed, and avoid the proliferation of antibiotics.

[0028] Through fermentation, the waste grains can be replaced with any husk, straw, grain bran, or germ according to the target animals. According to the target animals, the waste edible raw materials can be selected and the nutritional value can be improved after conversion, providing a new source of selenium-rich feed protein for animal feed rich in probiotics and selenium-rich protein chrysanthemum, which is more economical and environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a process for preparing animal feed rich in probiotics and selenium-rich protein chrysanthemum;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a table showing the effects of the control group, the test group and the antibiotic group on pig production in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a table showing the effects of the control group and the test group on pig production in Example 2;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a table of feed contents for the control group and the test group in Example 1;

[0033] Figure 5 The present invention is a flow chart of fermentation waste grains in the method for preparing animal feed rich in probiotics and selenium-rich protein chrysanthemum. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Various exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings represent elements with the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise specified.

[0035] The word “exemplary” is used exclusively herein to mean “serving as an example, example, or illustration.” Any embodiment described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.

[0036] In addition, in order to better illustrate the present application, numerous specific details are provided in the specific examples below. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application can also be implemented without certain specific details. In some examples, methods, means, and elements well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the subject matter of the present application.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 4 The present invention provides an animal feed rich in probiotics and selenium-rich protein chrysanthemum, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0038] 60-65 parts of corn, 10-20 parts of soybean meal, 10-15 parts of wheat bran, 2-4 parts of fish meal, 0.2-0.5 parts of calcium bicarbonate, 1.0-1.5 parts of stone powder, 0.1-0.4 parts of salt, 0.8-1.2 parts of eggshell, 0.22-0.35 parts of vitamin additives, 5-7 parts of Bacillus licheniformis liquid, and 23-28 parts of fermentation waste.

[0039] Among them, corn, soybean meal and wheat bran are the basic energy sources of animal feed. Furthermore, fish meal provides high-quality protein, promotes animal growth and development, and supplements trace elements; calcium bicarbonate, as a calcium source, contributes to the bone health and growth and development of animals, and can maintain the acid-base balance of feed; stone powder is also a calcium supplement, and can promote digestion, improve feed quality, and make feed particles uniform in size; salt is used to improve the taste of feed and provide necessary electrolytes; eggshells play the role of supplementing calcium sources and amino acids; vitamin additives promote animal growth, improve feed return, improve animal reproductive performance, and enhance resistance, as one of the components to replace drug additives and antibiotics; Bacillus licheniformis liquid can regulate and maintain the ecological balance of animal intestinal microorganisms, and Bacillus licheniformis can secrete a variety of enzymes, such as pectinase, Amylase, lipase, cellulase, etc., these enzymes not only make up for the problem of insufficient endogenous enzymes in animals, but also produce some small molecule proteins and organic acids that are easier to be digested and absorbed by animals, thereby improving feed utilization. Bacillus licheniformis liquid is used as an improved probiotic; fermentation grains are specially treated grains, which were originally waste after brewing. However, since the grains are fermented from grains, beans and other grains, they contain more nutrients. Therefore, this application is based on the principle of recycling, environmental protection and reuse, and further processes and ferments the grains to obtain selenium-rich proteins, amino acids and other selenium forms in the feed. Combined with probiotics such as Bacillus licheniformis, it can regulate and maintain the ecological balance of animal intestinal microorganisms, promote animal growth, improve feed remuneration, enhance resistance, replace the widespread use of antibiotics in feed, and avoid the proliferation of antibiotics.

[0040] The fermented dregs can be replaced with any husk, straw, grain bran, or germ according to the target animal. According to the target animal, waste edible raw materials are selected, and the nutritional value is improved after conversion, providing a new source of selenium-rich feed protein for animal feed rich in probiotics, which is more economical and environmentally friendly. The dregs contain protein chrysanthemum, which is a high-quality feed, fresh and juicy, with good palatability. It is liked by livestock and poultry such as pigs, horses, cattle, sheep, chickens, ducks, geese, and rabbits. It can also be used to feed aquatic animals such as fish, turtles, shrimps, and crabs. It can be used as green fodder, or it can be made into dry feed and feed additives, which greatly reduces the cost of the breeding industry and the cost of the feed manufacturing industry. At the same time, it can enhance the resistance and immunity of livestock, poultry, and aquatic animals.

[0041] Each kilogram of the animal feed provides at least 240000 IU of vitamin A, 55000 IU of vitamin D, 480 IU of vitamin E, 45 mg of vitamin K3, 22 mg of vitamin B1, 100 mg of vitamin B2, 250 mg of vitamin B5, 45 mg of vitamin B6, and 100 mg of vitamin B7. 12 -0.3mg, pyridine-3-carboxylic acid-500mg, folic acid-10mg, biotin-1mg, selenium-12g, choline chloride-8g, Fe-2.2g, Cu-3.1g, Zn-3.1g, Mn-1.0g, I-10mg.

[0042] The animal feed can be produced into puffed feed, powdered feed, pellet feed and liquid feed through different processing techniques.

[0043] The fermentation waste comprises the following components by weight: protein chrysanthemum waste, sodium selenite, Candida, Geotrichum candidum, sucrose, bran, KCl, K2HPO4, FESO4, NaNO3, MgSO4, and Na2SeO3, wherein the waste contains protein chrysanthemum.

[0044] The present invention also provides an animal feed preparation method, which is applied to the above-mentioned animal feed rich in probiotics and selenium-rich protein chrysanthemum, and comprises the following specific steps:

[0045] S1: Remove the outer skin of corn, soybean meal and wheat bran, grind them into powder by a grinder, sieve them through a 60-mesh sieve, control the particle size to 7-10 mm, add an appropriate amount of crushed stone powder, stir and mix at 45°C, stir into slurry, cool to room temperature, add salt, boil and stir for 20-30 minutes, and obtain a preliminary mixture;

[0046] S2: Spread the preliminary mixture obtained in S1 on a sieve plate, grind the eggshells and vitamin additives prepared in advance, add the eggshells and vitamin additives to the preliminary mixture obtained in S1, evenly spread them, knead them into a ball, repeat the process several times, cover with gauze, and place them in a constant temperature environment of 36°C for 24 hours to obtain a pre-fermented mixture;

[0047] S3: Add boiled warm water to the pre-fermented mixture obtained in S2, put it into a sterilization box for sterilization, take it out and let it stand at room temperature, add Bacillus licheniformis solution and fermentation waste, knead and beat it again, put it into a cleaned sealed can, seal the sealed can, ferment for 3-4 days, and turn it 3 times a day to obtain a fermented mixture;

[0048] S4: Take out the fermented mixture, take appropriate amount of fish meal and calcium bicarbonate and mix them evenly, circulate through hot air drying, granulate through a granulator to obtain animal feed, and seal and store for later use.

[0049] The live bacteria content of the Bacillus licheniformis liquid added to S3 is 200-500 million / ml.

[0050] The fermentation waste in S3, before adding the pre-fermentation mixture, is prepared as follows:

[0051] T1: Take an appropriate amount of waste grains and add sodium selenite into a conical flask, add an appropriate amount of sucrose and KCl, K2HPO4, FESO4, NaNO3, MgSO4, and add a certain amount of Na2SeO3, adjust the pH value to 5.0±0.2 with lime water, sterilize at high temperature, and obtain a waste grains mixture;

[0052] T2: Candida albicans and Geotrichum candidum were inoculated at 3% in a culture medium containing 15 g / ml Na2SeO3, and cultured at 29 ± 0.5°C;

[0053] T3: The Candida albicans and Geotrichum candidum cultured in T2 are inoculated into the waste grains mixture obtained in T1, sealed in a fermentation tank, and fermented for 3-5 days to obtain fermentation waste grains.

[0054] The fermentation waste grains raw materials can be replaced by any one of husks, straws, grain bran and germs according to the target animals.

[0055] The preparation of the Bacillus licheniformis solution comprises the following specific steps:

[0056] A basic culture medium containing 1% peptone, 0.5% yeast extract and 1% sodium chloride is prepared, and Bacillus licheniformis is placed in the culture medium for activation;

[0057] The activated Bacillus licheniformis is inoculated and cultured in a culture medium containing 1% sucrose, 1% peptone, and 0.5% sodium chloride, with the pH value controlled at 7.0±0.4. The culture is carried out at 37° C., with a shaking speed of 160 r / min, and the culture time is 18 to 24 hours, until the Bacillus licheniformis liquid reaches an ideal concentration.

[0058] Example 1: 60 healthy crossbred pigs weighing about 30 kg were selected and randomly divided into 3 treatment groups, with 2 replicates in each group and 10 pigs in each replicate;

[0059] Therefore, the animals were divided into a control group, an experimental group, and an antibiotic group; the control group was fed a basic diet without any additives; the antibiotic group was fed a basic diet with 20% chlortetracycline added, with the addition amount of 250 mg / kg in the 0-30 kg growth stage of young pigs, 500 mg / kg in the 30-60 kg growth stage, and 300 mg / kg in the 60 kg and above growth stage; the preparation process of the animal feed used in the experimental group was as follows:

[0060] 65 parts of corn, 20 parts of soybean meal, 115 parts of wheat bran, 4 parts of fish meal, 0.5 parts of calcium bicarbonate, 1.5 parts of stone powder, 0.4 parts of salt, 1.2 parts of eggshell, 0.35 parts of vitamin additives, 7 parts of Bacillus licheniformis liquid, and 28 parts of fermentation waste.

[0061] Remove the outer skin of corn, soybean meal and wheat bran, grind them with a grinder, screen them through a 60-mesh sieve, control the particle size to 7-10mm, add an appropriate amount of crushed stone powder, stir and mix at 45°C, stir into slurry, cool to room temperature, add salt, boil and stir for 20-30 minutes to obtain a preliminary mixture; spread the obtained preliminary mixture on a sieve plate, grind an appropriate amount of eggshells and vitamin additives prepared in advance, add an appropriate amount of eggshells and vitamin additives to the spread and flattened preliminary mixture, evenly spread it, knead it into a ball and circulate it Repeat the process several times, cover with gauze, place in a constant temperature environment of 36°C for 24 hours to obtain a pre-fermented mixture; add the obtained pre-fermented mixture to boiled warm water, place in a sterilization box for sterilization, take it out and let it stand at room temperature, add Bacillus licheniformis solution and fermentation waste, knead and beat again, put it into a cleaned sealed can, seal the sealed can, ferment for 3-4 days, turn it over 3 times a day, and obtain a fermented mixture; take out the fermented mixture, take an appropriate amount of fish meal and calcium bicarbonate and mix it evenly, circulate it through hot air drying, and granulate it in a granulator to obtain animal feed;

[0062] The experimental group used the same amount of animal feed as the experimental group and the antibiotic group, and the pigs were fed freely. The experimental pigs were group-fed in a closed double-row pig house, fed three times a day, cleaned the house three times a day, and routinely dewormed. The pigs were raised for 100 days and the data were recorded.

[0063] At the beginning and end of the control experiment, the pigs were weighed on an empty stomach before morning feeding, and the feed consumption was recorded by circle. The occurrence of diarrhea in each experimental group was also recorded to calculate the average daily weight gain, feed-to-weight ratio, and diarrhea rate.

[0064] Daily weight gain = (end weight - start weight) / number of days;

[0065] Feed-to-weight ratio = average feed consumption / average daily weight gain;

[0066] Diarrhea rate = total diarrhea times / (total number of heads × number of test days) × 100%;

[0067] As shown in the attached figure, the prepared animal feed and antibiotic feed had a significant effect on the growth and development of pigs. The daily weight gain of the antibiotic group and the test group significantly exceeded that of the control group (P < 0.05), and the difference between the test group and the antibiotic group was not significant (P > 0.05). The results of this example show that the effect of the prepared animal feed on the growth performance of pigs is basically equivalent to that of antibiotics.

[0068] Example 2: This example uses two kinds of animal feeds rich in probiotics and selenium-rich protein chrysanthemum to compare and analyze 40 healthy hybrid pigs weighing about 30 kg. As in Example 1, at the beginning and end of the control experiment, the pigs were weighed on an empty stomach before morning feeding on the same day, and the feed consumption was recorded in pens. The occurrence of diarrhea in each test group was recorded to calculate the average daily weight gain, feed-to-weight ratio and diarrhea rate;

[0069] On this basis, the components of the fermented feed after preparation were further tested. The feed used in the test group contained fermented grains and Bacillus licheniformis liquid, and the feed used in the control group contained selenium-rich probiotics. The specific preparation was as follows:

[0070] 65 parts of corn, 20 parts of soybean meal, 115 parts of wheat bran, 4 parts of fish meal, 0.5 parts of calcium bicarbonate, 1.5 parts of stone powder, 0.4 parts of salt, 1.2 parts of eggshell, 0.35 parts of vitamin additives, 7 parts of Bacillus licheniformis liquid, and 28 parts of fermentation waste.

[0071] Experimental group: corn, soybean meal and wheat bran were peeled off and crushed by a grinder, screened through a 60-mesh sieve, and the particle size was controlled to be 7-10 mm. A proper amount of crushed stone powder was added and mixed at 45°C while stirring. After stirring into a slurry, it was cooled to room temperature, and salt was added and boiled and stirred for 20-30 minutes to obtain a preliminary mixture; the obtained preliminary mixture was spread on a sieve plate, and a proper amount of eggshells and vitamin additives prepared in advance were ground into ingredients. The preliminary mixture obtained by S1 was added with a proper amount of eggshells and vitamin additives, and after being evenly spread, it was kneaded into a ball and circulated. Repeat the process several times, cover with gauze, place in a constant temperature environment of 36°C for 24 hours to obtain a pre-fermented mixture; add the obtained pre-fermented mixture to boiled warm water, place in a sterilization box for sterilization, take it out and let it stand at room temperature, add Bacillus licheniformis solution and fermentation waste, knead and beat again, put it into a cleaned sealed can, seal the sealed can, ferment for 3-4 days, turn it over 3 times a day, and obtain a fermented mixture; take out the fermented mixture, take an appropriate amount of fish meal and calcium bicarbonate and mix it evenly, circulate it through hot air drying, and granulate it in a granulator to obtain animal feed for the test group;

[0072] Control group: 65 parts of corn, 20 parts of soybean meal, 115 parts of wheat bran, 4 parts of fish meal, 0.5 parts of calcium bicarbonate, 1.5 parts of stone powder, 0.4 parts of salt, 1.2 parts of eggshell, 0.35 parts of vitamin additives, and 35 parts of selenium-enriched probiotics.

[0073] Remove the husks from corn, soybean meal and wheat bran, grind them with a grinder, sieve through a 60-mesh sieve, control the particle size to 7-10 mm, add an appropriate amount of crushed stone powder, mix them at 45°C while stirring, stir into a slurry, cool to room temperature, add salt, boil and stir for 20-30 minutes to obtain a preliminary mixture; spread the obtained preliminary mixture on a sieve plate, grind an appropriate amount of eggshells and vitamin additives prepared in advance, add an appropriate amount of eggshells and vitamin additives to the spread and flattened preliminary mixture obtained from S1, spread evenly, and knead into a ball. The mixture was covered with gauze and placed in a constant temperature environment of 36°C for 24 hours to obtain a pre-fermented mixture; the pre-fermented mixture was added with boiled warm water, placed in a sterilization box for sterilization, taken out and allowed to stand at room temperature, selenium-rich probiotics were added, kneaded and beaten again, and placed in a cleaned sealed can, which was sealed and fermented for 3-4 days, and turned over 3 times a day to obtain a fermented mixture; the fermented mixture was taken out, and an appropriate amount of fish meal and calcium bicarbonate were mixed with the mixture, dried by hot air circulation, and granulated by a granulator to obtain animal feed for the control group;

[0074] At the beginning and end of the control experiment, the pigs were weighed on an empty stomach before morning feeding, and the feed consumption was recorded by circle. The occurrence of diarrhea in each experimental group was also recorded to calculate the average daily weight gain, feed-to-weight ratio, and diarrhea rate.

[0075] The results are shown in the attached figure. The daily weight gain of pigs using the feed in the experimental group was significantly greater than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the main indicators such as crude protein, organic selenium, and reducing sugar of the selenium-rich protein experimental group feed obtained under optimal conditions were compared with those of the selenium-rich protein control group feed obtained under optimal conditions. As shown in the attached figure, the contents of crude protein, organic selenium, and reducing sugar after fermentation were significantly increased, and the discarded grains can further improve the utilization rate of waste raw materials such as grain and fruit.

[0076] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0077] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An animal feed rich in probiotics and selenium-rich protein chrysanthemum, characterized in that: It comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-65 parts of corn, 10-20 parts of soybean meal, 10-15 parts of wheat bran, 2-4 parts of fish meal, 0.2-0.5 parts of calcium bicarbonate, 1.0-1.5 parts of stone powder, 0.1-0.4 parts of salt, 0.8-1.2 parts of eggshell, 0.22-0.35 parts of vitamin additives, 5-7 parts of Bacillus licheniformis liquid, and 23-28 parts of fermentation waste.

2. The animal feed rich in probiotics and selenium-rich protein chrysanthemum according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each kilogram of the animal feed provides at least 240000 IU of vitamin A, 55000 IU of vitamin D, 480 IU of vitamin E, 45 mg of vitamin K3, 22 mg of vitamin B1, 100 mg of vitamin B2, 250 mg of vitamin B5, 45 mg of vitamin B6, and 100 mg of vitamin B7. 12 -0.3mg, pyridine-3-carboxylic acid-500mg, folic acid-10mg, biotin-1mg, selenium-12g, choline chloride-8g, Fe-2.2g, Cu-3.1g, Zn-3.1g, Mn-1.0g, I-10mg.

3. The animal feed rich in probiotics and selenium-rich protein chrysanthemum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The animal feed can be produced into puffed feed, powdered feed, granular feed and liquid feed through different processing techniques.

4. The animal feed rich in probiotics and selenium-rich protein chrysanthemum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation waste comprises the following components by weight: protein chrysanthemum waste, sodium selenite, Candida, Geotrichum candidum, sucrose, bran, KCl, K2HPO4, FESO4, NaNO3, MgSO4, and Na2SeO3.

5. A method for preparing animal feed, applied to an animal feed rich in probiotics and selenium-rich protein chrysanthemum as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1: Remove the outer skin of corn, soybean meal and wheat bran, grind them into powder by a grinder, sieve them through a 60-mesh sieve, control the particle size to 7-10 mm, add an appropriate amount of crushed stone powder, stir and mix at 45°C, stir into slurry, cool to room temperature, add salt, boil and stir for 20-30 minutes, and obtain a preliminary mixture; S2: Spread the preliminary mixture obtained in S1 on a sieve plate, grind the eggshells and vitamin additives prepared in advance, add the eggshells and vitamin additives to the preliminary mixture obtained in S1, evenly spread them, knead them into a ball, repeat the process several times, cover with gauze, and place them in a constant temperature environment of 36°C for 24 hours to obtain a pre-fermented mixture; S3: Add boiled warm water to the pre-fermented mixture obtained in S2, put it into a sterilization box for sterilization, take it out and let it stand at room temperature, add Bacillus licheniformis solution and fermentation waste, knead and beat it again, put it into a cleaned sealed can, seal the sealed can, ferment for 3-4 days, and turn it 3 times a day to obtain a fermented mixture; S4: Take out the fermented mixture, take appropriate amount of fish meal and calcium bicarbonate and mix them evenly, circulate through hot air drying, granulate through a granulator to obtain animal feed, and seal and store for later use.

6. The method for preparing animal feed according to claim 5, characterized in that: The live bacteria content of the Bacillus licheniformis liquid added to S3 is 200-500 million / ml.

7. The method for preparing animal feed according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fermentation waste in S3, before adding the pre-fermentation mixture, is prepared as follows: T1: Take an appropriate amount of waste grains and add sodium selenite into a conical flask, add an appropriate amount of sucrose and KCl, K2HPO4, FESO4, NaNO3, MgSO4, and add a certain amount of Na2SeO3, adjust the pH value to 5.0±0.2 with lime water, sterilize at high temperature, and obtain a waste grains mixture; T2: Candida albicans and Geotrichum candidum were inoculated at 3% in a culture medium containing 15 g / ml Na2SeO3, and cultured at 29 ± 0.5°C; T3: The Candida albicans and Geotrichum candidum cultured in T2 are inoculated into the waste grains mixture obtained in T1, sealed in a fermentation tank, and fermented for 3-5 days to obtain fermentation waste grains.

8. The method for preparing animal feed according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fermentation waste grains raw materials can be replaced by any one of husks, straws, grain bran and germs according to the target animals.

9. The method for preparing animal feed according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation of the Bacillus licheniformis solution comprises the following specific steps: A basic culture medium containing 1% peptone, 0.5% yeast extract and 1% sodium chloride is prepared, and Bacillus licheniformis is placed in the culture medium for activation; The activated Bacillus licheniformis is inoculated and cultured in a culture medium containing 1% sucrose, 1% peptone, and 0.5% sodium chloride, with the pH value controlled at 7.0±0.

4. The culture is carried out at 37° C., with a shaking speed of 160 r / min, and the culture time is 18 to 24 hours, until the Bacillus licheniformis liquid reaches an ideal concentration.

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