A tool, method of use and machining apparatus

Abstract

The application discloses a cutter, a use method and a machining device. The cutter comprises a cutting part, a tip part, a guide groove and a cutting groove. The cutting part comprises a cutting edge and a blade petal. The tip part is formed on the outer end surface of the cutting part and is arranged in a blunt angle inwardly. The guide groove is formed on the circumferential edge of the outer end surface of the cutting part and is arranged adjacent to the blade petal. The guide groove is used for guiding the cutting part to cut into a through hole. A plurality of cutting grooves are respectively formed on each cutting edge. Each cutting groove is arranged in an axial direction and has a downward cutting angle. The cutter can be designed and adjusted according to the shape and size of the NPTH break in the special-shaped groove. The cutter can be better cut into the through hole through the guide groove. The design of the tip part and the cutting groove enables the cutter blade to have a certain cutting capacity. When in use, the cutter only performs up-and-down punching actions along the cutter axis, that is, the material can be well cut, thereby achieving a good hole shape effect, solving the eccentric hole problem as much as possible and improving the machining efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of cutting tool technology, and in particular to a cutting tool, a method of using it, and a processing apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] As signal transmission requirements become increasingly stringent, the interference immunity and shielding capabilities of PCB (Printed Circuit Board) designs also demand higher standards. Simply adding auxiliary copper layers above and below signal lines to resist crosstalk in high-speed transmission PCB designs is no longer sufficient. Currently, end customers are requesting the fabrication of irregularly shaped slots in thick communication boards. This involves reprocessing PTH (Plate Hole) vias (metallized vias) to create NPTH (Non-Metallized via) irregularly shaped vias with a broken center, thereby achieving signal shielding.

[0003] The processing method for irregular grooves in related technologies usually involves drilling grooves with a drill bit. Irregular grooves for shielding signals are often used in communication boards with a thickness of 2 to 9 mm. The width of the NPTH disconnection is generally less than 0.3 mm. Therefore, when using conventional grooving tools, the required grooving drill diameter is small and the length-to-diameter ratio is large, which places high demands on the grooving tool. During the grooving process, the insufficient rigidity of the grooving tool and uneven force can lead to serious hole deviation in the processed groove, failing to achieve the NPTH disconnection effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a cutting tool that can effectively solve the problem of off-center holes and improve machining efficiency.

[0005] This application also proposes a method of using the aforementioned cutting tool.

[0006] This application also proposes a machining apparatus that includes the aforementioned cutting tool.

[0007] The cutting tool according to the first aspect of this application includes:

[0008] The cutting part includes the cutting edge and the cutting edge;

[0009] The tip is formed on the outer end face of the cutting part and is provided at an obtuse angle that is recessed inward;

[0010] A guide groove is formed on the circumferential edge of the outer end face of the cutting part and is disposed adjacent to the cutting edge. The guide groove is used to guide the cutting part to cut into the through hole.

[0011] Multiple cutting grooves are formed on each of the cutting edges, and each cutting groove on each cutting edge is spaced apart along the axial direction of the cutting part and has a downward preset cutting angle.

[0012] The cutting tool according to the first aspect of this application has at least the following beneficial effects: the cutting tool can be designed and adjusted according to the shape and size of the NPTH disconnection in the irregular groove, and the guide groove is ground according to the shape of the irregular groove so that the cutting tool can better cut into the through hole. The design of the tip and the cutting groove makes the cutting edge of the cutting tool have a certain cutting ability. When in use, the cutting tool only performs up and down punching motions along the cutting tool axis, which can effectively remove the material, thereby achieving a good hole shape effect, solving the hole deviation problem as much as possible, and improving processing efficiency.

[0013] According to the first aspect of the present application, the cutting tool has an angle γ1 between the cutting surface of the tip and the tool cross section as the tip cutting angle, and the angle γ1 is 0 to 40°.

[0014] According to the first aspect of the present application, the cutting groove is formed with a concave arc surface as the rake face, and the angle γ2 between the arc surface and the tool cross section is the outer edge punching rake angle, wherein γ2 is 0 to 20°.

[0015] According to the first aspect of the present application, the cutting tool has at least two first spiral grooves in the guide groove, and the cutting edge is formed on the outer conical surface of the guide groove.

[0016] According to the first aspect of the present application, the cutting tool has a guide groove with a helix angle β1, where β1 is 0°.

[0017] According to the first aspect of the present application, the guide groove of the cutting tool is configured as a structure with a central bulge; or the guide groove is configured as a flat structure.

[0018] According to the first aspect of the present application, the cutting tool has 1 to 4 second helical grooves in the cutting groove, and the cutting groove has a helical angle β2, wherein β2 is (50°, 90°)∪(-50°, -90°).

[0019] According to the first aspect of the present application, the taper α of the cutting edge is the back angle of cutting, and α is 0 to 10°.

[0020] The method of using a cutting tool according to a second aspect embodiment of this application includes the following steps:

[0021] The spindle of the equipment clamps the tool holder, the speed is set to zero, and the PTH through hole is located and punched downwards.

[0022] The punching process is carried out in steps according to the thickness of the sheet material being processed, and the depth of the punching feed in each step can be evenly divided according to the thickness of the sheet material.

[0023] A processing apparatus according to a third aspect of this application includes a cutting tool as described in a first aspect of this application.

[0024] It is easy to understand that the method of using the cutting tool in the second aspect embodiment of this application and the processing device in the third aspect embodiment of this application both have the same technical effects as the cutting tool in the first aspect embodiment, and therefore will not be described again.

[0025] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in the first direction in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in the second direction in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a geometric schematic diagram of the cutting part and the supporting part in the embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the guide groove in the embodiment of this application, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the guide groove being configured with a bulging structure in the middle, and (b) is a schematic diagram of the guide groove being configured with a flat structure;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating its use in the embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the PTH hole to be processed in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure label:

[0036] 100. Cutting section; 110. Cutting edge; 120. Cutting blade; 130. Tip; 140. Guide groove; 150. Cutting groove;

[0037] 200. Support section;

[0038] 300, PTH hole; 310, NPTH disconnected. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0041] In the description of this application, "several" means one or more, "more than" means at least two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is for the purpose of distinguishing technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0042] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setup," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application after considering the specific content of the technical solution.

[0043] Reference Figures 1 to 8 The cutting tool of the first aspect of this application is used to re-machine a PTH hole 300 to form a centrally disconnected NPTH irregular hole, thereby achieving signal shielding. The cutting tool includes a cutting portion 100, a tip 130, a guide groove 140, and a cutting groove 150.

[0044] The cutting part 100 includes a cutting edge 110 and a cutting edge 120; a tip 130 is formed on the outer end face of the cutting part 100 and is set at an inwardly concave obtuse angle; a guide groove 140 is formed on the circumferential edge of the outer end face of the cutting part 100 and is set adjacent to the cutting edge 120, and the guide groove 140 is used to guide the cutting part 100 to cut into the through hole; a plurality of cutting grooves 150 are respectively formed on each cutting edge 110, and each cutting groove 150 on each cutting edge 110 is spaced apart along the axial direction of the cutting part 100 and has a downward preset cutting angle.

[0045] Understandably, the cutting tool can be designed and adjusted according to the shape and size of the NPTH disconnection 310 in the irregular groove. The guide groove 140 is machined according to the shape of the irregular groove so that the cutting tool can better cut into the through hole. The design of the tip 130 and the cutting groove 150 gives the cutting edge a certain cutting ability. When in use, the cutting tool only performs up and down cutting motions along the cutting axis, which can effectively remove the material, thereby achieving a good hole shape effect, solving the problem of off-center holes as much as possible, and improving processing efficiency.

[0046] In some embodiments, the cutting tool mainly comprises two parts: a cutting section 100 and a support section 200. The cutting section 100 has a sharp cutting edge 110, which can remove material during punching, while the support section 200 is an ungrooved cylinder that supports the cutting section 100. The cutting section 100 mainly comprises three parts: a guide groove 140, a cutting groove 150, and a tip 130. The guide groove 140 is machined according to the shape of an irregular groove so that the tool can better cut into the through hole; the cutting groove 150 is machined on the cutting edge 120 of the guide groove 140 to form a downward cutting angle; the tip 130 is ground with two surfaces at an included angle σ by a grinding wheel to form a chip removal structure at the end and facilitate the punching action.

[0047] In some embodiments, the support portion 200 has a diameter Not larger than the diameter of the PTH through hole The sum of the length L2 of the support part 200 and the length L1 of the cutting part 100 must be greater than the thickness of the sheet metal being processed to ensure that the through hole is completely disconnected during punching. Typically, to ensure the overall rigidity of the tool, the length L2 of the support part 200 is generally greater than 1 mm, and the length L1 of the cutting part 100 is generally 1 to 2 mm.

[0048] In some embodiments of this application, the angle γ1 between the cutting surface of the tip 130 and the tool cross-section is the tip punching rake angle, and γ1 is 0 to 40°. It can be understood that the angle γ1 between the cutting surface of the tip 130 and the tool cross-section is the tip punching rake angle, and a value of 0 to 40° is generally sufficient to achieve the effect of NPTH disconnection 310 in punching operations.

[0049] In some embodiments of this application, the cutting groove 150 is formed with a concave arc surface as the rake face, and the angle γ2 between the arc surface and the tool cross-section is the outer edge punching rake angle, where γ2 is 0 to 20°. It can be understood that when the cutting groove 150 is ground, a concave arc surface is formed on the left side of the cutting groove 150, which is the punching rake face. The angle γ2 between the arc surface and the cross-section is the outer edge punching rake angle. Typically, a rake angle of γ2 of 0 to 20° can satisfy the effect of punching the NPTH disconnection 310.

[0050] In some embodiments of this application, at least two first helical grooves are formed within the guide groove 140, and the cutting edge 120 is formed on the outer conical surface of the guide groove 140. It can be understood that in this embodiment, the guide groove 140 has two helical grooves, leaving a conical surface of a certain width at the outer edge, which is the cutting edge 120, with a width B. R The width B of NPTH disconnect 310 is kept consistent with that of NPTH disconnect 310 to ensure the dimensions of NPTH disconnect 310 during punching.

[0051] In some embodiments of this application, the guide groove 140 has a helix angle β1, where β1 is 0°. It is understood that a helix angle β1 of 0° ensures that the position of the NPTH disconnection 310 is consistent during punching.

[0052] In some embodiments of this application, the guide groove 140 is configured with a bulging structure in the middle; or the guide groove 140 is configured with a flat structure. It is understood that the guide groove 140 has two shapes that can be adapted for use: when the guide groove 140 is bulging in the middle, it can effectively improve the overall rigidity of the tool and reduce tool breakage; when the guide groove 140 is flat, it can improve chip removal and cutting performance.

[0053] In some embodiments of this application, the cutting groove 150 has 1 to 4 second helical grooves, and the cutting groove 150 has a helix angle β2, where β2 is (50°, 90°)∪(-50°, -90°). It is understood that the cutting groove 150 generally has 1 to 4 helical grooves, and the helix angle of each helical groove is within the range of (50°, 90°)∪(-50°, -90°), thus allowing waste chips to be discharged promptly during punching. Combined with the tip 130 at the end, this improves the cutting performance of the tool itself.

[0054] In some embodiments, the cutting groove 150 may be a U-shaped groove or a V-shaped groove.

[0055] In some embodiments of this application, the taper α of the cutting edge 120 is the rake angle, and α is 0–10°. It can be understood that the diameter of the cutting edge 120 of the cutting portion 100 is… It has a taper, and the taper α (arctg(Δd / L1)) is generally 0 to 10°. This angle is also the cutting back angle α when the tool punches downwards.

[0056] In some embodiments, in order to reduce cutting resistance, the diameter d of the cutting edge back is... R It must be smaller than the diameter of the PTH through hole. The height H of the blade is 120. R Generally less than 0.1 mm.

[0057] In some embodiments, the tool has two cutting edges 110 to achieve the machining of the NPTH disconnection 310 in the PTH hole 300. In other embodiments, this can be extended to three or four cutting edges 110 for application in signal shielding at multi-line intersections.

[0058] Reference Figures 1 to 8 The method of using a cutting tool according to the second aspect of this application can be the same as the method of using a cutting tool according to the first aspect of this application. The method of using a cutting tool includes the following steps:

[0059] The spindle of the equipment clamps the tool holder, the speed is set to zero, and the PTH through hole is located and punched downwards.

[0060] The punching process is carried out in steps according to the thickness of the sheet material being processed, and the depth of the punching feed in each step can be evenly divided according to the thickness of the sheet material.

[0061] It is understandable that the cutting tool and corresponding processing method proposed in this application are a new way of processing irregular slots in the industry. Compared with the conventional slotting method, it can effectively reduce the risk of slot deformation or deviation and greatly improve processing efficiency.

[0062] In some embodiments, during use, the spindle of the device clamps the tool holder, and the rotation speed is set to zero, meaning the spindle does not rotate. The device locates the PTH through-hole and punches downwards. Depending on the thickness of the sheet metal being processed, the punching can be performed in steps. Typically, for a sheet thickness of 2–3 mm, it is performed in 2 steps; for 3–4 mm, in 3 steps; for 4–5 mm, in 4 steps, and so on. The depth of feed for each punching step can be evenly divided according to the sheet metal thickness.

[0063] Reference Figure 8With the rapid development of the electronic information age, the requirements for signal transmission are becoming increasingly stringent. The anti-interference and shielding capabilities of signals in PCB design are also demanding higher standards. Simply adding auxiliary copper layers above and below signal lines to resist crosstalk in high-speed transmission PCB designs is no longer sufficient. Currently, end customers are requesting the processing of 0.30-0.50mm irregularly shaped slots in thick communication boards (generally referring to single-piece thicknesses of 2mm-9mm). This involves reprocessing the PTH 300 hole to form a centrally disconnected NPTH irregularly shaped hole, thereby achieving signal shielding. Therefore, a new tool and processing method are needed to effectively solve the problem of off-center holes and improve processing efficiency. Currently, the common method for machining irregularly shaped slots is to drill them. However, these slots, used for shielding signals, are frequently found in thick communication boards with a thickness of 2–9 mm. The width of the NPTH disconnect 310 is typically less than 0.3 mm. Therefore, when using conventional slotting methods, the required drill diameter is small and the length-to-diameter ratio is large, placing high demands on the slotting tool. During drilling, insufficient tool rigidity and uneven force distribution can lead to severe hole misalignment, failing to achieve the desired NPTH disconnect 310 effect. To address this, this application develops an innovative tool structure for punching. The tool can be designed and adjusted according to the shape and dimensions of the NPTH disconnect 310 in the irregularly shaped slot. In use, the tool only performs up-and-down punching motions along its axis. Because the cutting edge has a certain cutting capability, it can effectively remove material, resulting in a good hole shape.

[0064] In some embodiments, an example of using a blade 120 with a diameter of 0.40 mm to punch a 0.35 mm through hole in a 3.5 mm thick communication plate, with a cut width of 0.020 mm, thereby meeting the conditions for solving the off-center hole problem and improving processing efficiency.

[0065] Reference Figures 1 to 8 The processing apparatus of the third aspect of this application can be a punching processing device. The processing apparatus includes the cutting tool of the first aspect of this application. It can be applied to the processing of NPTH disconnection 310 in PTH hole 300, which can effectively reduce the risk of slot hole deformation or hole deviation and greatly improve processing efficiency.

[0066] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0067] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this application.

Claims

1. A method of using a cutting tool, characterized in that, The cutting tool is a punching tool, used to further process PTH through holes to form NPTH irregular holes with a center break. The cutting tool includes: The cutting part includes the cutting edge and the cutting edge; The tip is formed on the outer end face of the cutting part and is provided at an obtuse angle that is recessed inward; A guide groove is formed on the circumferential edge of the outer end face of the cutting part and adjacent to the cutting edge. The guide groove is used to guide the cutting part to cut into the PTH through hole. At least two first spiral grooves are opened in the guide groove. The cutting edge is formed on the outer conical surface of the guide groove. The guide groove is configured with a bulging structure in the middle; or the guide groove is configured with a flat structure. Multiple cutting grooves are formed on each of the cutting edges. Each cutting groove on each cutting edge is spaced apart along the axial direction of the cutting part and has a downward preset cutting angle. The cutting groove has an inwardly concave arc surface as the rake face. The angle γ2 between the arc surface and the tool cross section is the outer edge punching rake angle, and γ2 is 0~20°. The method of use includes the following steps: The spindle of the equipment clamps the tool holder, the speed is set to zero, and the PTH through hole is located and punched downwards. The punching process is carried out in steps according to the thickness of the sheet material being processed, and the depth of the punching feed in each step is evenly divided according to the thickness of the sheet material.

2. The method of using the cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle γ1 between the cutting surface of the tip and the tool cross section is the tip cutting angle, and γ1 is 0~40°.

3. The method of using the cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide groove has a helix angle β1, where β1 is 0°.

4. The method of using the cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting groove has 1 to 4 second helical grooves, and the cutting groove has a helical angle β2, wherein β2 satisfies 50°<β2<90° or -90°<β2<-50°.

5. The method of using the cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The taper α of the cutting edge is the cutting back angle, and α is 0~10°.

6. A processing apparatus, characterized in that, include: The cutting tool in the method of using the cutting tool as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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