A wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material and processing method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material and a processing method thereof, and relates to the technical field of alloy materials. The wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material comprises the following components by weight percentage: 24%-34% zinc, 1.5%-3% manganese, 0.3%-2% aluminum, 0.3%-1.8% tin, 0.3%-1.2% nickel, 0.03%-0.15% rare earth element cerium, and the rest being copper and unavoidable impurities. The preparation method of the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material comprises the following steps: (1) smelting: firstly, a medium frequency induction current is applied to the smelting process; The furnace is preheated to 280°C-380°C, a copper block is added, the temperature is raised to 1020°C-1120°C to melt it, zinc, manganese and nickel are added in sequence, each element is stirred for 3-10 minutes, and then the temperature is lowered to 920°C-1020°C, aluminum, tin and cerium are added, and stirred for 8-20 minutes; after rare earth elements are added to the components of the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material, the prepared wear-resistant manganese brass alloy has significantly improved tensile strength and Brinell hardness, significantly reduced dry friction coefficient and wet friction coefficient, and exhibits good wear resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of alloy materials, in particular to a wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material and a processing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern industry, the demand for metal materials with excellent wear resistance is growing. In many industrial fields, such as machinery manufacturing, automobile industry, shipbuilding industry and hardware products, mechanical equipment and parts face serious friction and wear problems in the long-term operation process, which will not only lead to the decline of component precision and shortened service life, but also increase the maintenance cost and downtime of equipment, seriously affecting production efficiency and benefits. Brass alloy, as a commonly used non-ferrous metal alloy, has good electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, machinability and certain corrosion resistance, and is widely used in the industrial field.

[0003] The addition of manganese provides a new way to improve the performance of brass alloys. Manganese can form a strengthening phase in brass alloys, significantly improving the strength and hardness of the alloy, thereby improving its wear resistance to a certain extent. However, the wear resistance of manganese brass alloys obtained by simply adding manganese elements can no longer meet the needs of practical applications. To this end, a wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material and a processing method thereof are provided to obtain a manganese brass alloy material with better wear resistance. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material and a processing method thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material comprises the following components by weight percentage: 24%-34% zinc, 1.5%-3% manganese, 0.3%-2% aluminum, 0.3%-1.8% tin, 0.3%-1.2% nickel, 0.03%-0.15% rare earth element cerium, and the rest is copper and inevitable impurities.

[0007] As an improved solution of the present invention: the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material includes the following components by weight percentage: 26%-30% zinc, 2%-2.8% manganese, 0.5%-1.5% aluminum, 0.5%-1.6% tin, 0.5%-1.6% nickel, 0.05%-0.1% rare earth element cerium, and the rest is copper and inevitable impurities.

[0008] As an improved solution of the present invention: the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material includes the following components by weight percentage: 28% zinc, 2.4% manganese, 0.8% aluminum, 1.2% tin, 0.9% nickel, 0.08% rare earth element cerium, and the rest is copper and inevitable impurities.

[0009] A method for preparing a wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material comprises the following steps:

[0010] (1) Melting: Preheat the medium frequency induction furnace to 280℃-380℃, add copper blocks, heat to 1020℃-1120℃ to melt them, add zinc, manganese and nickel in sequence, stir for 3-10 minutes each time each element is added, then cool to 920℃-1020℃, add aluminum, tin and cerium, and stir for 8-20 minutes;

[0011] (2) Casting: Use a graphite mold with a mold preheating temperature of 220℃-320℃. Pour the refined alloy liquid into the mold at a temperature of 950℃-1020℃ at a speed of 1.5-3.5kg / s. After casting, air cool the mold for 45-120 minutes before demolding.

[0012] (3) Processing and molding: Heat the casting to 750℃-880℃, forge it with a forging ratio of 3-7, and use a 1000-ton friction press. After forging, air cool it to room temperature, and then use carbide tools for cutting. The cutting speed is 60-150m / min, the feed rate is 0.05-0.3mm / r, and the cutting depth is 0.3-1.2mm.

[0013] As an improved solution of the present invention: during the smelting process, a covering agent is used to cover the surface of the alloy liquid, wherein the covering agent is a mixture of charcoal powder and borax in a mass ratio of 2:1-4:1, and the thickness of the covering layer is 10-20 mm.

[0014] As an improved solution of the present invention: in the smelting step, a refining agent is added for refining after the smelting is completed. The refining agent is a mixture of hexachloroethane and calcium fluoride in a mass ratio of 1:1-3:1. The amount of the refining agent added is 0.2%-0.6% of the weight of the alloy liquid. The refining temperature is 960°C-1040°C and the refining time is 15-35 minutes.

[0015] As an improved solution of the present invention: in the casting step, the air flow rate of the cooling air is controlled at 4 m / s, and the cooling rate is controlled at 30-50° C. / min.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] After adding rare earth elements to the components of the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material, the tensile strength and Brinell hardness of the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy obtained are significantly improved, the dry friction coefficient and the wet friction coefficient are significantly reduced, and good wear resistance is exhibited. Rare earth elements can form strengthening phases with other elements in the brass alloy. These strengthening phases can exist in the alloy matrix in the form of dispersed distribution, which increases the hardness of the alloy. By purifying the alloy liquid with rare earth elements, the grain boundary weakening phenomenon caused by impurities is reduced, thereby improving the wear resistance of the alloy.

[0018] During the preparation and processing of wear-resistant manganese brass alloy materials, a covering agent mixed with charcoal powder and borax is used to cover the surface of the alloy liquid. Charcoal powder can consume oxygen and generate carbon dioxide at high temperature, while borax can form a protective film on the surface of the alloy liquid, avoiding the peeling of the oxide film to form abrasive particles, reducing the possibility of abrasive wear, and enabling the alloy to maintain a good surface quality during the friction process, thereby extending the wear-resistant life.

[0019] In the preparation and processing of wear-resistant manganese brass alloy materials, the refining agent composed of hexachloroethane and calcium fluoride can effectively remove inclusions in the alloy liquid. The chlorine gas produced by the decomposition of hexachloroethane at high temperature can react with some impurity elements in the alloy liquid and convert them into chlorides. The density of these chlorides is different from that of the alloy liquid, and they will float to the surface of the alloy liquid or settle to the bottom of the furnace, thereby being removed. Calcium fluoride can form complex compounds with some other difficult-to-remove impurities, reducing the number of inclusions, making the internal structure of the alloy purer, and improving the alloy's resistance to spalling and wear during friction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention: Example 1

[0021] In an embodiment of the present invention, a wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material comprises, by weight percentage, 24% zinc, 1.5% manganese, 0.3% aluminum, 0.3% tin, 0.3% nickel, 0.03% rare earth element cerium, and the remainder copper and unavoidable impurities.

[0022] A method for preparing a wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material comprises the following steps:

[0023] (1) Smelting: preheat the medium frequency induction furnace to 280°C, add the copper block, heat it to 1020°C to melt it, add zinc, manganese and nickel in turn, stir for 3 minutes after each element is added, then cool to 920°C and add aluminum, tin and cerium, stir for 8 minutes. During the smelting process, a covering agent is used to cover the surface of the alloy liquid. The covering agent is a mixture of charcoal powder and borax in a mass ratio of 2:1, and the thickness of the covering layer is 10 mm. After the smelting is completed, a refining agent is added for refining. The refining agent is a mixture of hexachloroethane and calcium fluoride in a mass ratio of 1:1. The amount of the refining agent added is 0.2% of the weight of the alloy liquid. The refining temperature is 960°C and the refining time is 15 minutes.

[0024] (2) Casting: A graphite mold is used with a mold preheating temperature of 220°C. The refined alloy liquid is poured into the mold at a temperature of 950°C at a speed of 1.5 kg / s. After casting, the mold is air-cooled for 45 minutes before demolding. The air flow rate of the air cooling is controlled at 4 m / s and the cooling rate is controlled at 30°C / min.

[0025] (3) Processing: The casting is heated to 750°C and forged with a forging ratio of 3. The forging equipment is a 1000-ton friction press. After forging, it is air-cooled to room temperature. Then, carbide tools are used for cutting. The cutting speed is 60 m / min, the feed rate is 0.05 mm / r, and the cutting depth is 0.3 mm. Example 2

[0026] In the embodiment of the present invention, the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material includes the following components by weight percentage: 34% zinc, 3% manganese, 2% aluminum, 1.8% tin, 1.2% nickel, 0.15% rare earth element cerium, and the rest is copper and inevitable impurities.

[0027] A method for preparing a wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material comprises the following steps:

[0028] (1) Smelting: first preheat the medium frequency induction furnace to 380°C, add the copper block, raise the temperature to 1120°C to melt it, add zinc, manganese and nickel in turn, stir for 10 minutes after each element is added, then cool to 1020°C and add aluminum, tin and cerium, stir for 20 minutes. During the smelting process, a covering agent is used to cover the surface of the alloy liquid. The covering agent is a mixture of charcoal powder and borax in a mass ratio of 4:1, and the thickness of the covering layer is 20 mm. After the smelting is completed, a refining agent is added for refining. The refining agent is a mixture of hexachloroethane and calcium fluoride in a mass ratio of 3:1. The amount of the refining agent added is 0.6% of the weight of the alloy liquid. The refining temperature is 1040°C and the refining time is 35 minutes.

[0029] (2) Casting: A graphite mold is used with a mold preheating temperature of 320°C. The refined alloy liquid is poured into the mold at a temperature of 1020°C at a speed of 3.5 kg / s. After casting, the mold is air-cooled for 120 minutes before demolding. The air flow rate of the air cooling is controlled at 4 m / s and the cooling rate is controlled at 50°C / min.

[0030] (3) Processing: The casting is heated to 880°C and forged with a forging ratio of 7. The forging equipment is a 1000-ton friction press. After forging, it is air-cooled to room temperature. Then, carbide tools are used for cutting. The cutting speed is 150 m / min, the feed rate is 0.3 mm / r, and the cutting depth is 1.2 mm. Example 3

[0031] In the embodiment of the present invention, the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material includes the following components by weight percentage: 26% zinc, 2% manganese, 0.5% aluminum, 0.5% tin, 0.5% nickel, 0.05% rare earth element cerium, and the rest is copper and inevitable impurities.

[0032] A method for preparing a wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material comprises the following steps:

[0033] (1) Smelting: first preheat the medium frequency induction furnace to 320°C, add the copper block, heat it to 1080°C to melt it, add zinc, manganese and nickel in turn, stir for 7 minutes after each element is added, then cool to 1000°C and add aluminum, tin and cerium, stir for 18 minutes. During the smelting process, a covering agent is used to cover the surface of the alloy liquid. The covering agent is a mixture of charcoal powder and borax in a mass ratio of 3:1, and the thickness of the covering layer is 15 mm. After the smelting is completed, a refining agent is added for refining. The refining agent is a mixture of hexachloroethane and calcium fluoride in a mass ratio of 5:2. The amount of the refining agent added is 0.4% of the weight of the alloy liquid. The refining temperature is 1000°C and the refining time is 30 minutes.

[0034] (2) Casting: A graphite mold is used with a mold preheating temperature of 300°C. The refined alloy liquid is poured into the mold at a temperature of 990°C at a speed of 3.2 kg / s. After casting, the mold is air-cooled for 85 minutes before demolding. The air flow rate of the air cooling is controlled at 4 m / s and the cooling rate is controlled at 40°C / min.

[0035] (3) Processing: The casting is heated to 820°C and forged with a forging ratio of 6. The forging equipment is a 1000-ton friction press. After forging, it is air-cooled to room temperature. Then, carbide tools are used for cutting. The cutting speed is 120 m / min, the feed rate is 0.2 mm / r, and the cutting depth is 0.4 mm. Example 4

[0036] In the embodiment of the present invention, the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material includes the following components by weight percentage: 30% zinc, 2.8% manganese, 1.5% aluminum, 1.6% tin, 1% nickel, 0.1% rare earth element cerium, and the rest copper and inevitable impurities.

[0037] A method for preparing a wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material comprises the following steps:

[0038] (1) Smelting: first preheat the medium frequency induction furnace to 320°C, add the copper block, heat it to 1080°C to melt it, add zinc, manganese and nickel in turn, stir each time for 7 minutes, then cool to 1000°C and add aluminum, tin and cerium, stir for 18 minutes. During the smelting process, a covering agent is used to cover the surface of the alloy liquid. The covering agent is a mixture of charcoal powder and borax in a mass ratio of 3:1, and the thickness of the covering layer is 15 mm. After the smelting is completed, a refining agent is added for refining. The refining agent is a mixture of hexachloroethane and calcium fluoride in a mass ratio of 5:2. The amount of the refining agent added is 0.4% of the weight of the alloy liquid. The refining temperature is 1000°C and the refining time is 30 minutes.

[0039] (2) Casting: A graphite mold is used with a mold preheating temperature of 300°C. The refined alloy liquid is poured into the mold at a temperature of 990°C at a speed of 3.2 kg / s. After casting, the mold is air-cooled for 85 minutes before demolding. The air flow rate of the air cooling is controlled at 4 m / s and the cooling rate is controlled at 40°C / min.

[0040] (3) Processing: The casting is heated to 820°C and forged with a forging ratio of 6. The forging equipment is a 1000-ton friction press. After forging, it is air-cooled to room temperature. Then, carbide tools are used for cutting. The cutting speed is 120 m / min, the feed rate is 0.2 mm / r, and the cutting depth is 0.4 mm. Example 5

[0041] In the embodiment of the present invention, the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material includes the following components, by weight percentage: 28% zinc, 2.4% manganese, 0.8% aluminum, 1.2% tin, 0.9% nickel, 0.08% rare earth element cerium, and the rest is copper and unavoidable impurities.

[0042] A method for preparing a wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material comprises the following steps:

[0043] (1) Smelting: first preheat the medium frequency induction furnace to 320°C, add the copper block, heat it to 1080°C to melt it, add zinc, manganese and nickel in turn, stir for 7 minutes after each element is added, then cool to 1000°C and add aluminum, tin and cerium, stir for 18 minutes. During the smelting process, a covering agent is used to cover the surface of the alloy liquid. The covering agent is a mixture of charcoal powder and borax in a mass ratio of 3:1, and the thickness of the covering layer is 15 mm. After the smelting is completed, a refining agent is added for refining. The refining agent is a mixture of hexachloroethane and calcium fluoride in a mass ratio of 5:2. The amount of the refining agent added is 0.4% of the weight of the alloy liquid. The refining temperature is 1000°C and the refining time is 30 minutes.

[0044] (2) Casting: A graphite mold is used with a mold preheating temperature of 300°C. The refined alloy liquid is poured into the mold at a temperature of 990°C at a speed of 3.2 kg / s. After casting, the mold is air-cooled for 85 minutes before demolding. The air flow rate of the air cooling is controlled at 4 m / s and the cooling rate is controlled at 40°C / min.

[0045] (3) Processing: The casting is heated to 820°C and forged with a forging ratio of 6. The forging equipment is a 1000-ton friction press. After forging, it is air-cooled to room temperature. Then, carbide tools are used for cutting. The cutting speed is 120 m / min, the feed rate is 0.2 mm / r, and the cutting depth is 0.4 mm.

[0046] Comparative Example 1

[0047] In the embodiment of the present invention, the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material includes the following components, by weight percentage: 28% zinc, 2.4% manganese, 0.8% aluminum, 1.2% tin, 0.9% nickel, and the rest is copper and unavoidable impurities.

[0048] A method for preparing a wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material comprises the following steps:

[0049] (1) Smelting: first preheat the medium frequency induction furnace to 320°C, add the copper block, heat it to 1080°C to melt it, add zinc, manganese and nickel in turn, stir for 7 minutes after each element is added, then cool to 1000°C and add aluminum, tin and cerium, stir for 18 minutes. During the smelting process, a covering agent is used to cover the surface of the alloy liquid. The covering agent is a mixture of charcoal powder and borax in a mass ratio of 3:1, and the thickness of the covering layer is 15 mm. After the smelting is completed, a refining agent is added for refining. The refining agent is a mixture of hexachloroethane and calcium fluoride in a mass ratio of 5:2. The amount of the refining agent added is 0.4% of the weight of the alloy liquid. The refining temperature is 1000°C and the refining time is 30 minutes.

[0050] (2) Casting: A graphite mold is used with a mold preheating temperature of 300°C. The refined alloy liquid is poured into the mold at a temperature of 990°C at a speed of 3.2 kg / s. After casting, the mold is air-cooled for 85 minutes before demolding. The air flow rate of the air cooling is controlled at 4 m / s and the cooling rate is controlled at 40°C / min.

[0051] (3) Processing: The casting is heated to 820°C and forged with a forging ratio of 6. The forging equipment is a 1000-ton friction press. After forging, it is air-cooled to room temperature. Then, carbide tools are used for cutting. The cutting speed is 120 m / min, the feed rate is 0.2 mm / r, and the cutting depth is 0.4 mm.

[0052] Comparative Example 2

[0053] In the embodiment of the present invention, the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material includes the following components, by weight percentage: 28% zinc, 2.4% manganese, 0.8% aluminum, 1.2% tin, 0.9% nickel, 0.08% rare earth element cerium, and the rest is copper and unavoidable impurities.

[0054] A method for preparing a wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material comprises the following steps:

[0055] (1) Smelting: first preheat the medium frequency induction furnace to 320°C, add the copper block, heat it to 1080°C to melt it, add zinc, manganese and nickel in turn, stir each element for 7 minutes, then cool to 1000°C and add aluminum, tin and cerium, stir for 18 minutes, add refining agent after smelting, the refining agent is a mixture of hexachloroethane and calcium fluoride in a mass ratio of 5:2, the amount of refining agent added is 0.4% of the weight of the alloy liquid, the refining temperature is 1000°C, and the refining time is 30 minutes;

[0056] (2) Casting: A graphite mold is used with a mold preheating temperature of 300°C. The refined alloy liquid is poured into the mold at a temperature of 990°C at a speed of 3.2 kg / s. After casting, the mold is air-cooled for 85 minutes before demolding. The air flow rate of the air cooling is controlled at 4 m / s and the cooling rate is controlled at 40°C / min.

[0057] (3) Processing: The casting is heated to 820°C and forged with a forging ratio of 6. The forging equipment is a 1000-ton friction press. After forging, it is air-cooled to room temperature. Then, carbide tools are used for cutting. The cutting speed is 120 m / min, the feed rate is 0.2 mm / r, and the cutting depth is 0.4 mm.

[0058] Comparative Example 3

[0059] In the embodiment of the present invention, the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material includes the following components, by weight percentage: 28% zinc, 2.4% manganese, 0.8% aluminum, 1.2% tin, 0.9% nickel, 0.08% rare earth element cerium, and the rest is copper and unavoidable impurities.

[0060] A method for preparing a wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material comprises the following steps:

[0061] (1) Smelting: first preheat the medium frequency induction furnace to 320°C, add the copper block, heat it to 1080°C to melt it, add zinc, manganese and nickel in turn, stir for 7 minutes after each element is added, then cool to 1000°C and add aluminum, tin and cerium, stir for 18 minutes. During the smelting process, a covering agent is used to cover the surface of the alloy liquid. The covering agent is a mixture of charcoal powder and borax in a mass ratio of 3:1, and the thickness of the covering layer is 15 mm;

[0062] (2) Casting: A graphite mold is used with a mold preheating temperature of 300°C. The refined alloy liquid is poured into the mold at a temperature of 990°C at a speed of 3.2 kg / s. After casting, the mold is air-cooled for 85 minutes before demolding. The air flow rate of the air cooling is controlled at 4 m / s and the cooling rate is controlled at 40°C / min.

[0063] (3) Processing: The casting is heated to 820°C and forged with a forging ratio of 6. The forging equipment is a 1000-ton friction press. After forging, it is air-cooled to room temperature. Then, carbide tools are used for cutting. The cutting speed is 120 m / min, the feed rate is 0.2 mm / r, and the cutting depth is 0.4 mm.

[0064] The wear-resistant manganese brass alloy materials obtained in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested for alloy properties, including tensile strength, Brinell hardness, dry friction coefficient and wet friction coefficient, wherein:

[0065] Tensile strength: tested on an electronic universal mechanical properties testing machine according to GB / T228.1-2010;

[0066] Vickers hardness value, the testing standard is GB / T4340.1-1999;

[0067] The dry friction coefficient and wet friction coefficient were measured using an MGW-01 high-frequency reciprocating micro-motion friction and wear testing machine. The friction partner was a 4-mm-diameter silicon nitride ball, with a load of 1 N, a time of 10 min, a frequency of 20 Hz, and a stroke of 0.8 mm. The wet friction coefficient was tested in a 3.5% NaCl solution.

[0068] The performance parameters of the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material measured by the above test are shown in Table 1:

[0069] Table 1

[0070] Group Tensile strength (MPa) Vickers hardness value (HV) Dry friction coefficient Wet friction coefficient Example 1 421 152 0.0283 0.0279 Example 2 434 167 0.0285 0.0275 Example 3 462 177 0.0274 0.0267 Example 4 447 182 0.0293 0.0285 Example 5 493 193 0.0224 0.0218 Comparative Example 1 308 112 0.0335 0.0324 Comparative Example 2 321 126 0.0385 0.0341 Comparative Example 3 337 134 0.0351 0.0345

[0071] From the above data, we can conclude that:

[0072] 1. According to Example 5 and Comparative Example 1, after rare earth elements are added to the components of the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material, the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy obtained has significantly improved tensile strength and Brinell hardness, and significantly reduced dry friction coefficient and wet friction coefficient, showing good wear resistance. Rare earth elements can form strengthening phases with other elements (such as zinc, manganese, etc.) in the brass alloy. These strengthening phases can exist in the alloy matrix in the form of dispersed distribution, increasing the hardness of the alloy. The aggregation of impurities at the grain boundaries will reduce the bonding strength of the grain boundaries. During the friction process, the grain boundaries are prone to become the starting point and expansion channel of the cracks, resulting in the peeling and wear of the material. Purifying the alloy liquid by rare earth elements reduces the phenomenon of grain boundary weakening caused by impurities and improves the wear resistance of the alloy.

[0073] 2. According to the comparison between Example 5 and Comparative Example 2, in the preparation and processing of the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material, a covering agent mixed with charcoal powder and borax is used to cover the surface of the alloy liquid. The covering agent mixed with charcoal powder and borax can effectively isolate the air and reduce the contact between the alloy liquid and oxygen. Charcoal powder can consume oxygen and generate carbon dioxide at high temperatures, while borax can form a protective film on the surface of the alloy liquid. When the alloy liquid is not over-oxidized, the accuracy of the alloy composition can be guaranteed. For example, elements such as zinc and manganese that have an important influence on wear resistance will not be lost due to oxidation, thereby ensuring that the alloy has good wear resistance. Moreover, it avoids the peeling of the oxide film to form abrasive particles, reduces the possibility of abrasive wear, and enables the alloy to maintain a good surface quality during the friction process and extend the wear-resistant life. Borax, as a part of the covering agent, can improve the fluidity of the alloy liquid to a certain extent, and can reduce the surface tension of the alloy liquid, so that the alloy liquid can flow and mix better during the smelting process. Good fluidity helps to evenly distribute the alloy elements, so that the elements that play an important role in wear resistance (such as zinc, manganese, rare earth elements, etc.) can be more evenly distributed in the alloy matrix. During the casting process, the alloy liquid with good fluidity can better fill the mold cavity and reduce casting defects. Casting defects (such as pores, looseness, etc.) will reduce the strength and wear resistance of the material. By improving the fluidity, these defects can be reduced and the wear resistance of the alloy can be improved.

[0074] 3. According to the comparison between Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 3, in the preparation and processing of wear-resistant manganese brass alloy materials, a refining agent composed of hexachloroethane and calcium fluoride is added after smelting, and the refining agent composed of hexachloroethane and calcium fluoride can effectively remove inclusions in the alloy liquid. The chlorine gas produced by the decomposition of hexachloroethane at high temperature can react with some impurity elements (such as oxides of aluminum, calcium, etc.) in the alloy liquid to convert them into chlorides. The density of these chlorides is usually different from that of the alloy liquid, and they will float to the surface of the alloy liquid or precipitate to the bottom of the furnace, thereby being removed. Calcium fluoride can form complex compounds with some other impurities that are difficult to remove, and further purify the alloy liquid. Through this purification effect, the number of inclusions is reduced, the internal structure of the alloy is purer, and the alloy's anti-stripping and anti-wear capabilities during friction are improved.

[0075] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention.

[0076] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material, characterized in that: The invention relates to a wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material, comprising the following components by weight percentage: 24%-34% zinc, 1.5%-3% manganese, 0.3%-2% aluminum, 0.3%-1.8% tin, 0.3%-1.2% nickel, 0.03%-0.15% rare earth element cerium, and the rest being copper and unavoidable impurities. The processing method of the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material comprises the following steps: (1) smelting: first preheating a medium frequency induction furnace to 280°C-380°C, adding a copper block, heating it to 1020°C-1120°C to melt it, then adding zinc, manganese and nickel in turn, stirring for 3-10 minutes after each element is added, then cooling it to 920°C-1020°C, adding aluminum, tin and cerium, and stirring for 8-20 minutes; during the smelting process, a covering agent is used to cover the surface of the alloy liquid, the covering agent is a mixture of charcoal powder and borax in a mass ratio of 2:1-4:1, and the thickness of the covering layer is 10-20 mm. After the smelting is completed, a refining agent is added for refining. The refining agent It is a mixture of hexachloroethane and calcium fluoride in a mass ratio of 1:1-3:

1. The amount of refining agent added is 0.2%-0.6% of the weight of the alloy liquid. The refining temperature is 960℃-1040℃ and the refining time is 15-35 minutes. (2) Casting: A graphite mold is used, the mold preheating temperature is 220℃-320℃, and the refined alloy liquid is poured into the mold at a temperature of 950℃-1020℃ at a speed of 1.5-3.5kg / s. After casting, air cool the casting in the mold for 45-120 minutes before demolding. (3) Processing: Heat the casting to 750℃-880℃, forge it with a forging ratio of 3-7, and use a 1000-ton friction press. After forging, air cool it to room temperature, and then use a carbide tool for cutting. The cutting speed is 60-150m / min, the feed rate is 0.05-0.3mm / r, and the cutting depth is 0.3-1.2mm.

2. The wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Calculated by weight percentage, it includes the following components: zinc 26%-30%, manganese 2%-2.8%, aluminum 0.5%-1.5%, tin 0.5%-1.6%, nickel 0.5%-1%, rare earth element cerium 0.05%-0.1%, and the rest is copper and inevitable impurities.

3. The wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material according to claim 2, characterized in that: Calculated by weight percentage, it includes the following components: 28% zinc, 2.4% manganese, 0.8% aluminum, 1.2% tin, 0.9% nickel, 0.08% rare earth element cerium, and the rest is copper and inevitable impurities.

4. A method for processing the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Smelting: first preheat the medium frequency induction furnace to 280℃-380℃, add copper blocks, heat to 1020℃-1120℃ to melt them, add zinc, manganese and nickel in turn, stir for 3-10 minutes after each element is added, then cool to 920℃-1020℃ and add aluminum, tin and cerium, stir for 8-20 minutes; during the smelting process, use a covering agent to cover the surface of the alloy liquid, the covering agent is a mixture of charcoal powder and borax in a mass ratio of 2:1-4:1, and the thickness of the covering layer is 10-20mm. After the smelting is completed, add a refining agent for refining, the refining agent is a mixture of hexachloroethane and calcium fluoride in a mass ratio of 1:1-3:1, and the amount of the refining agent added is 0.2%-0.6% of the weight of the alloy liquid. The refining temperature is 960℃-1040℃ and the refining time is 15-35 minutes; (2) Casting: Use a graphite mold with a mold preheating temperature of 220℃-320℃. Pour the refined alloy liquid into the mold at a temperature of 950℃-1020℃ at a speed of 1.5-3.5kg / s. After casting, air cool the mold for 45-120 minutes before demolding. (3) Processing and molding: Heat the casting to 750℃-880℃, forge it with a forging ratio of 3-7, and use a 1000-ton friction press. After forging, air cool it to room temperature, and then use carbide tools for cutting. The cutting speed is 60-150m / min, the feed rate is 0.05-0.3mm / r, and the cutting depth is 0.3-1.2mm.

5. The processing method of the wear-resistant manganese brass alloy material according to claim 4, wherein in the casting step, the air flow rate of the cooling air is controlled at 4 m / s, and the cooling rate is controlled at 30-50°C / min.