Drying and shaping equipment for producing a pufferfish compound feed

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of feed production equipment, and particularly relates to a drying and shaping equipment for producing a compound feed of a sciaenid fish. The present application provides a drying and shaping equipment for producing a compound feed of a sciaenid fish, which can be used to scrape a wet material layer with a relatively uniform thickness on a conveying belt by arranging a heating device, a horizontal plate and an inclined pipe unit on a drying box unit, so that: 1. the horizontal plate can scrape a wet material layer with a relatively uniform thickness on the conveying belt, so that the drying and shaping strength of the wet material by the heating device is sufficient; and 2. the inclined pipe unit can perform a timely active air cooling operation on the dried material, and compared with natural cooling, this mode can greatly reduce the loss and deterioration of protein quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of feed production equipment, and in particular relates to a drying and shaping equipment for the production of pufferfish compound feed. Background Technology

[0002] Pufferfish is the official name for the relatively common fish species known as "river pufferfish." The aforementioned pufferfish formulated feed primarily consists of dried shrimp, fish bones, crab shells, fishmeal, rapeseed meal, wheat bran, and cornmeal. Pufferfish formulated feed is a protein-rich aquatic feed, typically containing 40-50% protein.

[0003] On the other hand, the production method of pufferfish compound feed is largely the same as that of general aquatic feed production, mainly including ingredient preparation, mixing, conditioning, extrusion granulation, drying, and cooling. The aforementioned drying and shaping equipment is located at the discharge port of the extrusion granulator to heat the moist, relatively soft feed pellets.

[0004] Existing common drying and shaping equipment mainly consists of a conveying mechanism and a heating mechanism. The former can be a conveyor belt, a screw conveyor, or even an inclined pipe, while the latter is mainly heated by electric heating wires.

[0005] For example, Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN217504234U and authorization announcement date of September 27, 2022, discloses a rapid dryer for aquatic feed production, including a mixing box. A fixed frame is connected to the surface of the mixing box, and a DC servo motor is connected to the inner wall of the fixed frame. The servo motor is connected to the inner wall of the mixing box through a lead screw. The output end of the DC servo motor is connected to a rotating column through a lead screw. The rotating column is located inside the mixing box, and the tail end of the rotating column is connected to the inner wall of the mixing box through a bearing. A stirring rod is connected to the surface of the rotating column.

[0006] The rapid dryer in this utility model patent has the following general structure, principle and advantages: It is equipped with a servo motor, a stirring rod and an electric push rod, which effectively avoids blockage during the feed feeding process. The servo motor drives the rotating column to rotate through the lead screw, and the rotating column drives the stirring rod to rotate. During the rotation, the stirring rod breaks up the condensed feed. At the same time, the electric push rod drives the movable claw to move up and down, thereby pushing the feed downward.

[0007] However, in actual use, this rapid dryer still has at least two shortcomings, which are also the technical problems that this invention aims to solve: First, it is untrue that the drying tank lacks the necessary feed quantity control function, and that insufficient heating is likely to occur when the feed quantity is unexpectedly increased under the premise of constant heating intensity. Secondly, the lack of necessary and timely cooling at the discharge pipe means that the high-temperature feed particles can only cool down naturally at a relatively slow rate. This can lead to several harmful phenomena such as feed deterioration and nutrient loss. Compared with starch-based aquatic feeds, protein-based aquatic feeds are more sensitive to the above-mentioned unexpected situations and will suffer greater losses.

[0008] Therefore, in summary, there is an urgent need for a new type of drying and shaping equipment with uniform and sufficient heating functions and timely cooling functions for the production of pufferfish compound feed, to prevent significant loss and deterioration of various nutrients in the feed during the natural cooling stage. Correspondingly, the feed pellets discharged from the aforementioned equipment can be directly sieved and bagged, which is very convenient and efficient. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention provides a drying and shaping device for pufferfish compound feed production. By assembling a conveyor belt, heater, horizontal plate, and inclined tube unit on the drying chamber unit, the following can be achieved: 1. The horizontal plate can scrape a relatively uniform thickness of wet material layer on the conveyor belt, ensuring sufficient drying and shaping strength of the wet material by the heater; 2. The inclined tube unit can perform timely active air cooling of the dried material, which can greatly reduce the amount of protein lost or deteriorated compared to natural cooling.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: a drying and shaping equipment for the production of pufferfish compound feed, the structure of which includes a conveyor belt and a heater, and also includes a drying chamber unit inside for installing the conveyor belt and the heater, a horizontal plate disposed in the drying chamber unit and located above the conveyor belt for scraping the wet material, and an inclined tube unit disposed on the drying chamber unit for air cooling the dried material.

[0011] A further preferred technical solution is that the drying chamber unit includes a cuboid chamber, an inlet pipe and a dehumidification pipe disposed on both sides of the top plate of the cuboid chamber, and an outlet pipe disposed on the bottom plate of the cuboid chamber and on the same side as the dehumidification pipe.

[0012] A further preferred technical solution is that the drying chamber unit further includes a wet material discharge pipe disposed on the bottom plate of the cuboid chamber and located on both sides of the discharge pipe.

[0013] A further preferred technical solution is that the inclined tube unit includes an inclined tube body connected to the discharge pipe at its higher end, an exhaust pipe disposed on the inclined tube body, and a downward discharge hole disposed on the inclined tube body and at a height lower than the exhaust pipe.

[0014] A further preferred technical solution is that the inclined tube unit further includes a perforated end plate disposed on the lower end face of the inclined tube body.

[0015] A further preferred technical solution is that the inclined tube unit also includes a fixing body disposed on the downward discharge hole, which extends the time during which the feed particles are subjected to air cooling by blocking the feed particles from falling.

[0016] A further preferred technical solution is that a drying material filling pipe unit is also sleeved on the inclined pipe body.

[0017] A further preferred technical solution is that the drying material filling tube unit includes an outer tube sleeved on the inclined tube body, a drying material clump disposed inside the outer tube and located outside the inclined tube body, and an opening plate disposed on the lower end face of the outer tube and used to support the drying material clump.

[0018] A further preferred technical solution is that the drying material filling tube unit also includes a movable hair that is disposed on the upper end face of the outer tube and located below the fixed hair body, and is used to display the moisture absorption of the drying material clump by passively changing the feed pellet discharge speed.

[0019] A further preferred technical solution is that the dry material filling pipe unit also includes two side plates disposed on the upper surface of the outer pipe and used to block and protect the falling wet material. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating one installation and usage method of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drying chamber unit in this invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a top-down view showing the positions of the feed pipe and the dehumidification pipe in this invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the inclined tube unit in this invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and shape of the fixed and movable hair parts in this invention from a downward viewing angle.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the location and structure of the drying material filling pipe unit in this invention.

[0027] Figure 8This is a top-down view showing the position and shape of the extension plate in this invention.

[0028] The meanings of the markings in the diagram are as follows: Wet material a, dried material b, cooled material c; 11. Conveyor belt, 12. Heater, 13. Roller, 14. Drive wheel, 15. Base plate, 16. Column, 17. Inverted U-shaped column, 18. Receiving basket, 19. Wet material basket; Drying chamber unit 1, horizontal plate 2, inclined tube unit 3, drying material filling tube unit 4; 101. Rectangular box; 102. Feed pipe; 103. Dehumidification pipe; 104. Discharge pipe; 105. Wet material discharge pipe; Inclined tube 301, exhaust pipe 302, downward discharge hole 303, perforated end plate 304, fixed hair body 305; Outer tube 401, drying material 402, perforated plate 403, movable hair 404, side plate 405, extension plate 406. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0030] As attached Figure 1-8 As shown, a drying and shaping device for producing pufferfish compound feed includes a conveyor belt 11 and a heater 12. It also includes a drying chamber unit 1 for mounting the conveyor belt 11 and the heater 12, a horizontal plate 2 disposed inside the drying chamber unit 1 and located above the conveyor belt 11 for scraping the wet material a, and an inclined tube unit 3 disposed on the drying chamber unit 1 for air cooling the dried material b.

[0031] In this embodiment, there are two rollers 13, one of which is equipped with the drive wheel 14, and the conveyor belt 11 is fitted onto the two rollers 13. Furthermore, the drying chamber unit 1 receives material from the top of one side and discharges material from the bottom of the other side, and the heater 12 is located above the upper half of the conveyor belt 11.

[0032] At this point, the wet material a first falls onto the conveyor belt 11, then passes through the heater 12, and finally falls onto the conveyor belt 11, thus achieving the basic drying and shaping effect of the moist feed pellets. The dried material b falling from the drying chamber unit 1 has the advantages of having a fixed shape and not easily sticking together.

[0033] In the direction of movement of wet material a, the horizontal plate 2 is located upstream of the heater 12. The horizontal plate 2 is rectangular in shape, with its two ends connected to the two opposite inner sides of the drying chamber unit 1, and is parallel to the upper half of the conveyor belt 11. The distance between the horizontal plate 2 and the upper half of the conveyor belt 11 can be reasonably set with reference to the strength of the heater 12 and the moisture level of the wet material a.

[0034] At this point, the heater 12 undergoes initial debugging and is set with a suitable drying intensity. Afterward, no further adjustments are needed. A consistent layer of wet material, such as 1.5cm thick, underneath it provides a consistently sufficient and suitable drying effect. However, it should be noted that the horizontal plate 2 can only reduce relatively large wet material addition rates, not increase relatively small ones. Therefore, the appropriate addition rate of wet material a should be equal to or slightly greater than the addition rate corresponding to a layer thickness of, for example, 1.5cm, and it is better to be larger rather than smaller.

[0035] The inclined tube unit 3 has the following functions and characteristics, including at least: First, the intensity of the above-mentioned air cooling operation is adjustable, and / or the residence time of the dried material b in it is adjustable, so as to obtain sufficient and appropriate cooling intensity, that is, the temperature of the cooled material c is relatively low, which meets the temperature requirements of subsequent steps such as screening and bagging, and the entire air cooling operation is as energy-saving and emission-reducing as possible. Second, the drying material b should not accumulate in large quantities inside. That is, the rate at which the wet material is added to the drying chamber unit 1 is roughly equal to the rate at which the wet material falls from both sides when it is scraped, plus the rate at which the cooled material is discharged from the inclined tube unit 3.

[0036] Finally, the drying and shaping equipment has the dual advantages of quantitative drying, thorough drying, and active, relatively high-intensity cooling operation immediately after drying, which greatly upgrades the entire production process of pufferfish compound feed. The upgrades include, for example, reducing the loss of nutrients during the cooling stage and shortening the cooling time, so that the feed can be directly screened and bagged shortly after drying and shaping.

[0037] The drying chamber unit 1 includes a cuboid chamber 101, a feed pipe 102 and a dehumidification pipe 103 located on both sides of the top plate of the cuboid chamber 101, and a discharge pipe 104 located on the bottom plate of the cuboid chamber 101 and on the same side as the dehumidification pipe 103.

[0038] In this embodiment, the drying chamber unit 1 is made of stainless steel. The feed pipe 102 and the excess material falling on both sides when the wet material is scraped are located on the same side, and are relatively upstream in the direction of movement of the wet material a. The dehumidification pipe 103 and the discharge pipe 104 are located on the other side.

[0039] The roller 13 is inserted into the two side plates of the cuboid box 101, the drive wheel 14 is located on the outside of the cuboid box 101, the single-layer length of the conveyor belt 11, that is, the distance between the upper ends of the two rollers 13, is 70-80% of the length of the cuboid box 101, and the length of the heater 12 in the direction of wet material movement, that is, the effective heating and drying length, is more than 50% of the single-layer length of the conveyor belt 11.

[0040] In addition, the heater 12 is a commercially available product, which is screwed and fixed inside the cuboid box 101, and the distance between it and the conveyor belt 11 is set as needed.

[0041] The drying chamber unit 1 also includes a wet material discharge pipe 105 disposed on the bottom plate of the cuboid box 101 and located on both sides of the discharge pipe 104.

[0042] In this embodiment, both the discharge pipe 104 and the wet material discharge pipe 105 are rectangular tubes with relatively large diameters, at least larger than the width of the conveyor belt 11, to prevent wet material a and dried material b from remaining on the inner bottom surface of the cuboid box 101.

[0043] Correspondingly, as shown in the appendix Figure 3 As shown, the left and right positions of the discharge pipe 104 correspond to the downstream roller 13, and the left and right positions of the wet material discharge pipe 105 correspond to the horizontal plate 2, ensuring that the excess wet material and dried material b that leak down from both sides during the scraping operation can all fall off and leave the cuboid box 101.

[0044] The inclined tube unit 3 includes an inclined tube body 301 connected to the discharge tube 104 at its higher end, an exhaust pipe 302 disposed on the inclined tube body 301, and a downward discharge hole 303 disposed on the inclined tube body 301 and at a height lower than the exhaust pipe 302.

[0045] In this embodiment, the higher end of the inclined tube 301 is connected to the lower end of the discharge tube 104, the position of the exhaust pipe 302 is higher than the downward discharge hole 303, and the exhaust pipe 302 is on the side plate and the downward discharge hole 303 is on the bottom plate. This can effectively prevent the dried material b from being directly drawn away at the exhaust pipe 302.

[0046] On the other hand, the exhaust duct 302 will inevitably draw away a small amount of the humid and hot airflow from the cuboid box 101, but the main source is still the relatively dry and relatively low-temperature airflow entering from the lower end of the inclined duct 301. Therefore, the efficient cooling operation remains effective.

[0047] Finally, in the width direction of the bottom plate of the inclined tube 301, the size of the downward discharge hole 303 is equal to the aforementioned width size, so that all the cooled material c is discharged at the downward discharge hole 303, thereby providing a structural basis for the subsequent expansion function at the inclined lower end of the inclined tube 301.

[0048] It should be noted that the exhaust pipe 302 also takes in air at the downward discharge hole 303, but this does not affect the cooling effect or the discharge effect of the cooled material c. The airflow entering at the downward discharge hole 303 is also relatively dry and relatively low temperature.

[0049] The inclined tube unit 3 also includes a perforated end plate 304 disposed on the lower end face of the inclined tube body 301.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first function of the perforated end plate 304 is to intercept the cooled material c that accidentally passes through the downward discharge hole 303, so that it can be dug out and removed from the downward discharge hole 303 when the equipment is shut down.

[0051] The inclined tube unit 3 also includes a fixing body 305 disposed on the downward discharge hole 303, which extends the time for the feed particles to be subjected to air cooling by blocking the feed particles from falling.

[0052] In this embodiment, the function of the fixed hair body 305 is mainly to appropriately intercept the material at the downward discharge hole 303, so that the time of its air cooling effect can be appropriately extended.

[0053] Correspondingly, the size of the downward discharge hole 303 can also be set to be relatively small. For example, its length is the same as the width of the bottom plate of the inclined tube 301, and its width is 1-3cm, so that the cooling airflow enters as much as possible at the perforated end plate 304. This is also the structural basis for the subsequent expansion of the function at the perforated end plate 304.

[0054] The function of the fixed hair body 305 is essentially to reduce the effective size of the downward discharge hole 303.

[0055] The inclined tube body 301 is also fitted with a dry material filling tube unit 4.

[0056] In this embodiment, the aforementioned extended function refers to the provision of the drying material filling pipe unit 4, which achieves a significant improvement in the degree of airflow drying while slightly reducing the ventilation volume. Correspondingly, for the cooling operation, the cooling intensity and preventing the dried material b from becoming damp again are equally important, or even more important.

[0057] Thus, for the air-cooling operation, at the inclined tube unit 3, the airflow mainly enters at the dry material filling tube unit 4, first undergoes the drying effect, then blows away the dried material b, and finally obtains the cooled material c.

[0058] The upper end connection port of the inclined tube 301 and the downward discharge hole 303 can also be provided with sufficient and appropriate airflow blocking structures / methods in accordance with existing technologies.

[0059] The drying material filling tube unit 4 includes an outer tube 401 sleeved on the inclined tube body 301, a drying material mass 402 disposed inside the outer tube 401 and located outside the inclined tube body 301, and an opening plate 403 disposed on the lower end face of the outer tube 401 and used to support the drying material mass 402.

[0060] In this embodiment, the inclined tube 301 and the outer tube 401 are frictionally clamped together, and the drying material 402 refers to cotton or linen fibers that are relatively lightweight and have relatively outstanding moisture absorption properties.

[0061] The amount of the dried material 402 can be set as needed, and its position and shape between the perforated end plate 304 and the perforated plate 403 can also be set as needed. For example, the dried material 402 can be dispersed as much as possible, evenly distributed in the space, and adhered to the inner bottom surface of the outer tube 401.

[0062] The drying material filling tube unit 4 also includes an active hair 404 disposed on the upper end face of the outer tube 401 and located below the fixed hair 305, which is used to display the moisture absorption of the dried material clump 402 by passively changing the feed pellet discharge speed.

[0063] In this embodiment, the material of the movable hair 404 is the same as that of the fixed hair 305. The former is positioned slightly lower than the latter and has all the functions described above, with the only difference being in terms of functional strength.

[0064] Importantly, as the moisture absorption of the dried material 402 gradually increases, it pulls the outer tube 401 downwards, causing the latter to slowly detach from the inclined tube 301. At this time, the movable bristles 404 move away from the fixed bristles 305, and the blocking and deceleration effect of the movable bristles 404 on the cooled material c is greatly reduced. The obvious phenomenon is that the discharge speed at the downward discharge hole 303 suddenly increases. This indicates that the moisture absorption of the dried material 402 is relatively large, and the dried material 402 needs to be replaced as soon as possible. This is very ingenious and practical.

[0065] It should be noted that when the moisture absorption of the dried material 402 is large, it will collapse into a smaller clump, without hindering the air intake cooling effect.

[0066] The dry material filling tube unit 4 also includes two side plates 405 disposed on the upper surface of the outer tube 401 and used to block and protect the falling wet material a.

[0067] In this embodiment, the first function of the drying material filling tube unit 4 is to enable the air-cooling operation of the inclined tube unit 3 to have an airflow drying function, thereby preventing the dried material b from becoming damp again.

[0068] Its second function is achieved through the side plate 405, which allows for the convenient and efficient collection of excess wet material discharged from the wet material discharge pipe 105 and leaked down the sides of the conveyor belt during the leveling operation.

[0069] Furthermore, an extension plate 406 is provided above the perforated plate 403 to prevent wet material a from being carried into the perforated plate 403 by the airflow, otherwise it would block the opening of the latter. Correspondingly, the extension plate 406 guides the wet material a to the wet material basket 19, which can then be re-fed at the feed pipe 102.

[0070] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. These are non-inventive modifications and are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drying and shaping device for producing pufferfish compound feed, comprising a conveyor belt (11) and a heater (12), characterized in that: It also includes a drying chamber unit (1) for mounting the conveyor belt (11) and heater (12), a cross plate (2) disposed inside the drying chamber unit (1) and located above the conveyor belt (11) for scraping the wet material (a), and an inclined tube unit (3) disposed on the drying chamber unit (1) for air cooling the dried material (b). The drying chamber unit (1) includes a cuboid box (101), a feed pipe (102) and a dehumidification pipe (103) located on both sides of the top plate of the cuboid box (101), and a discharge pipe (104) located on the bottom plate of the cuboid box (101) and on the same side as the dehumidification pipe (103). The drying chamber unit (1) also includes a wet material discharge pipe (105) disposed on the bottom plate of the cuboid box (101) and located on both sides of the discharge pipe (104). The inclined tube unit (3) includes an inclined tube body (301) connected to the discharge tube (104) at its higher end, an exhaust pipe (302) disposed on the inclined tube body (301), and a downward discharge hole (303) disposed on the inclined tube body (301) and at a height lower than the exhaust pipe (302). The inclined tube unit (3) also includes a fixing body (305) disposed on the downward discharge hole (303) and used to extend the time for the feed particles to be subjected to air cooling by blocking the feed particles from falling. The inclined tube (301) is also fitted with a dry material filling tube unit (4). The drying material filling tube unit (4) includes an outer tube (401) sleeved on the inclined tube body (301), a drying material clump (402) disposed inside the outer tube (401) and located outside the inclined tube body (301), and an opening plate (403) disposed on the lower end face of the outer tube (401) and used to support the drying material clump (402). The drying material filling tube unit (4) also includes an active hair (404) disposed on the upper end face of the outer tube (401) and located below the fixed hair (305), and used to display the moisture absorption of the dried material clump (402) by passively changing the feed pellet discharge speed.

2. The drying and shaping equipment for producing pufferfish compound feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined tube unit (3) also includes a perforated end plate (304) disposed on the lower end face of the inclined tube body (301).

3. The drying and shaping equipment for producing pufferfish compound feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dry material filling tube unit (4) also includes two side plates (405) disposed on the upper surface of the outer tube (401) and used to block and protect the falling wet material (a).

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