Antenna assembly and electronic device

Abstract

The application provides an antenna assembly and an electronic device. The outer edge of a radiator is symmetrical about a first center line. The radiator comprises a feed part and a tuning part which are arranged at intervals. The feed part is located on the first center line of the radiator. The feed part is arranged at an interval from the midpoint of the first center line. The tuning part is arranged at an interval from the first center line. One end of a capacitance structure is electrically connected to the tuning part. The other end of the capacitance structure is grounded. A signal source is used to excite a target resonant mode of the radiator to support a target frequency band. The target resonant mode causes the radiator to form a first resonant current along the outer edge at a first phase. The target resonant mode causes the radiator to form a second resonant current along the outer edge at a second phase. The angle between the direction of the first resonant current and the direction of the second resonant current is a preset angle to form a circularly polarized wave. The application can improve the circular polarization of the antenna assembly and the electronic device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, specifically to an antenna assembly and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Satellite communication typically uses circularly polarized antennas, while satellite communication antennas used in mobile phones, wearable devices, and other electronic devices are linearly polarized antennas. Using linearly polarized antennas in these devices results in at least 3dB of polarization mismatch, meaning at least 3dB of performance degradation, leading to a decrease in the circular polarization efficiency of these devices. Therefore, improving the circular polarization performance of antenna components in electronic devices has become a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an antenna assembly for improving circular polarization and an electronic device having the antenna assembly.

[0004] In a first aspect, the antenna assembly provided in the embodiments of this application includes:

[0005] A radiator, the outer edge of which is symmetrical about a first center line, the radiator includes a feed section and a tuning section arranged at intervals, the feed section is located on the first center line of the radiator, the feed section is arranged at intervals with the midpoint of the first center line, and the tuning section is arranged at intervals with the first center line;

[0006] A capacitor structure, wherein one end of the capacitor structure is electrically connected to the tuning section, and the other end of the capacitor structure is grounded; and

[0007] A signal source electrically connected to the feed unit is used to excite the radiator to form a target resonant mode supporting the target frequency band. The target resonant mode causes the radiator to form a first resonant current along its outer edge in a first phase and a second resonant current along its outer edge in a second phase. The angle between the direction of the first resonant current and the direction of the second resonant current is a preset angle to form a circularly polarized wave.

[0008] Secondly, the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application includes a back cover, a conductor, and the antenna assembly. The radiator is disposed on the back cover. The portion of the radiator that is spaced from the conductor by a distance less than a preset distance is the tuning part. The conductor is grounded, and the tuning part and the conductor form the capacitor structure.

[0009] The antenna assembly and electronic device provided in this application are designed with the outer edge of the radiator symmetrical about a first center line. The radiator includes a feed section and a tuning section spaced apart. The feed section is located on the first center line of the radiator, and the feed section is spaced apart from the midpoint of the first center line. The tuning section is also spaced apart from the first center line. One end of a capacitor structure is electrically connected to the tuning section, and the other end of the capacitor structure is grounded. A signal source is electrically connected to the feed section to excite the radiator to form a target resonant mode supporting the target frequency band. The target resonant mode causes the radiator to form a first resonant current along the outer edge in a first phase, and a second resonant current along the outer edge in a second phase. The angle between the first resonant current and the second resonant current is a preset angle to form a circularly polarized wave. The antenna assembly provided in this application is a circularly polarized antenna with relatively good circular polarization performance. When applied to electronic devices, it enables the electronic devices to have better performance when communicating with satellites. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0012] Figure 2 This is a partially exploded structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0013] Figure 3 This is a simplified structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0014] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the equivalent circuit structure of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0015] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A simplified diagram of the current distribution of the first resonant current of the provided antenna assembly;

[0016] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A simplified diagram of the current distribution of the second resonant current of the provided antenna assembly;

[0017] Figure 7 yes Figure 4 Detailed structural diagram of the radiator of the provided antenna assembly;

[0018] Figure 8 This is a current distribution diagram of an antenna assembly without a capacitor structure provided in an embodiment of this application at the 0° phase;

[0019] Figure 9This is a current distribution diagram of an antenna assembly without a capacitor structure provided in an embodiment of this application at a 90° phase.

[0020] Figure 10 This is a current distribution diagram of the antenna assembly at the 0° phase provided in the first embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 11 This is a current distribution diagram of the antenna assembly at a 90° phase provided in the first embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 12 This is the axial ratio (side view) of the antenna without a capacitor structure in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 13 This is the axial ratio (side view) of the antenna assembly with a capacitor structure in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 14 This is a gain diagram of the antenna without a capacitor structure in the embodiments of this application, and a left / right circular polarization gain diagram;

[0025] Figure 15 This is a gain diagram of the antenna with a capacitor structure in this application, including left-hand circular polarization gain and right-hand circular polarization gain diagram;

[0026] Figure 16 This is a current distribution diagram of the antenna assembly at the 0° phase provided in the second embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 17 This is a current distribution diagram of the antenna assembly at a 90° phase provided in the second embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 18 This is a current distribution diagram of the antenna assembly at the 0° phase provided in the third embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 19 This is a current distribution diagram of the antenna assembly at a 90° phase provided in the third embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 20 This is a current distribution diagram of the antenna assembly at the 0° phase provided in the fourth embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 21 This is a current distribution diagram of the antenna assembly at a 90° phase provided in the fourth embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 22 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of another electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna assembly radiator being a camera decorative part of an electronic device in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 24 yes Figure 23 A partial side view of the provided electronic device;

[0035] Figure 25 This is a partial structural diagram of the back cover of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of another partial structure of the back cover of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 27 yes Figure 23 Another partial side view of the provided electronic device;

[0038] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the window opening in the camera decorative component provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 29 yes Figure 23 The diagram shows the orientation of an electronic device when answering a satellite phone call.

[0040] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0041] Electronic device 1000; antenna assembly 100; display screen 200; mid-frame 300; back cover 400; mid-plate 310; frame 320; radiator 10; capacitor structure 20; signal source 30; first center line L1; second center line L2; power supply unit A; tuning unit B; first target point G1; second target point G2; third target point G3; fourth target point G4; first side 11; second side 12; first sub-current Q1; second sub-current Q2; third sub-current Q3; fourth sub-current Q4; first quadrant N1; second quadrant N2; third quadrant N3; fourth quadrant N4; conductor 600; camera module 700; camera decorative part 410; camera 710; camera conductive shell 720; window 13. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solution of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in this application are only a part of the embodiments, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided in this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0043] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment to other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0044] The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, an assembly or device comprising one or more components is not limited to the one or more components listed, but may optionally also include one or more components not listed but inherent to the exemplified product, or one or more components that it should have based on the described function.

[0045] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device 1000 includes, but is not limited to, devices with communication functions such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, computers, wearable devices, drones, robots, and digital cameras. This embodiment uses a mobile phone as an example for illustration; other electronic devices can refer to this embodiment.

[0046] Please see Figure 2 The electronic device 1000 includes an antenna assembly 100. The antenna assembly generates circularly polarized waves to improve the circular polarization performance of the electronic device.

[0047] Please see Figure 2Taking a mobile phone as an example, the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 is illustrated below. The electronic device 1000 includes a display screen 200, a mid-frame 300, and a back cover 400 arranged sequentially along its thickness. The mid-frame 300 includes a mid-plate 310 and a frame 320 surrounding the mid-plate 310. The display screen 200, mid-plate 310, and back cover 400 are stacked sequentially, forming receiving spaces between the display screen 200 and mid-plate 310, and between mid-plate 310 and back cover 400, to accommodate components such as the motherboard, camera module, receiver module, battery, and various sensors. One side of the frame 320 surrounds the edge of the display screen 200, and the other side surrounds the edge of the back cover 400, forming the complete external structure of the electronic device 1000. In this embodiment, the frame 320 and mid-plate 310 are an integral structure, while the frame 320 and back cover 400 can be separate structures. In other embodiments, the frame 320 and the back cover 400 may be an integral structure, or the frame 320 and the back cover 400 may be separate structures. The above describes the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 using a mobile phone as an example, but the antenna assembly 100 of this application is not limited to the above working environment.

[0048] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The antenna assembly 100 includes a radiator 10, a capacitor structure 20, and a signal source 30.

[0049] Please see Figure 4 The outer edge of the radiator 10 is symmetrical about the first center line L1.

[0050] Furthermore, the outer contour shape of the radiator 10 can be an axisymmetric figure, a centrally symmetric figure, etc. The axis of symmetry of the radiator 10 includes, but is not limited to, the first centerline L1. For ease of description, the direction of the first centerline L1 is defined as the Y-axis direction, i.e. Figure 4 The vertical direction in the middle. This application does not specifically limit the shape of the radiator 10. Optionally, the radiator 10 can be circular, rectangular, upright, triangular, hexagonal, or a combination of half rectangular and half semicircular shapes.

[0051] Optionally, the radiator 10 may be in the form of sheets, layers, or films.

[0052] Optionally, the radiator 10 may be made of a conductive material, including but not limited to metals. The form of the radiator 10 may include, but is not limited to, a flexible circuit board antenna formed on a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), a laser-directly formed antenna (LDS), a printed-directly formed antenna (PDS), or a conductive sheet antenna (e.g., a metal support antenna). In this embodiment, a conductive sheet antenna is used as an example for illustration.

[0053] Please see Figure 4 The radiator 10 includes a feed section A and a tuning section B spaced apart. Both feed section A and tuning section B are local areas on the radiator 10. Feed section A is electrically connected to the signal source 30 to feed in an excitation signal. Tuning section B is a region where a capacitor structure 20 is installed, which is used to change the current distribution on the radiator 10. This application does not specifically limit the local area of ​​feed section A or the local area of ​​tuning section B.

[0054] The power supply section A is located on the first center line L1 of the radiator 10. Optionally, the center of the power supply section A is located on or near the first center line L1. The power supply section A is spaced apart from the midpoint of the first center line L1 so that the radiator 10 without the capacitor structure 20 can form a current distribution symmetrical about the first center line L1 under the excitation of the signal source 30. When the power supply section A is located at the midpoint of the first center line L1, the current distribution formed by the radiator 10 without the capacitor structure 20 under the excitation of the signal source 30 is a current distribution that radiates from the midpoint of the first center line L1 to the periphery. If the capacitor structure 20 is provided, it is impossible to achieve the effect of generating a circularly polarized wave for this current distribution.

[0055] Optionally, the feed section A is located at the edge of the radiator 10. This is because the edge of the radiator 10 has relatively good clearance, facilitating the antenna assembly 100's external radiation of antenna signals. Therefore, placing the feed section A at the edge of the radiator 10 increases the radiation efficiency of the antenna assembly 100. Furthermore, when the feed section A is located at the edge of the radiator 10, the distance between the feed section A and the farthest edge of the radiator 10 is longer, resulting in a longer current path. This allows for full utilization of the dimensions of the radiator 10, reducing wasted space and enabling support for relatively low frequency bands on a radiator 10 with a limited length.

[0056] Please see Figure 4The tuning section B is spaced apart from the first center line L1. Since the tuning section B is where the capacitor structure 20 is located, when the capacitor structure 20 is placed on the first center line L1, its influence on the current on both sides of the first center line L1 is the same, causing a difference in the current on both sides of the first center line L1, thus failing to achieve the effect of generating a circularly polarized wave. However, by spaced the tuning section B from the first center line L1, the distance between the capacitor structure 20 and the two sides of the first center line L1 is different. The tuning effect of the capacitor structure 20 on the current distribution on both sides of the first center line L1 is different, thereby achieving asymmetry and differentiation of the current on both sides of the first center line L1, which is beneficial for forming a circularly polarized wave.

[0057] Please see Figure 4 One end of the capacitor structure 20 is electrically connected to the tuning section B, and the other end of the capacitor structure 20 is grounded. In one embodiment, the capacitor structure 20 can be a capacitor element. Further, the capacitor element can be disposed on a circuit board, and one end of the capacitor element is electrically connected to the reference ground of the circuit board. This electrical connection method includes, but is not limited to, electrical connection through a metal wire. The other end of the capacitor element is electrically connected to the tuning section B on the radiator 10. This electrical connection method includes, but is not limited to, electrical connection through a conductive spring. In another embodiment, the capacitor structure 20 can be two opposing electrode plates with a small distance between them. The radiator 10 can be reused as one of the electrode plates, and the other electrode plate can be a metal plate. Further, in one embodiment, the metal plate can be reused from a metal device in an electronic device.

[0058] Please see Figure 4 The signal source 30 is electrically connected to the power supply section A. In this application, the electrical connection includes a direct electrical connection, i.e., a physically contacting electrical connection, or a coupled electrical connection, i.e., a non-directly contacting electrical connection. The signal source 30 being coupled to the power supply section A is also referred to as capacitive power supply or coupled power supply.

[0059] Optional, please refer to Figure 4 The antenna assembly 100 further includes a matching circuit M. The matching circuit M is disposed on a circuit board. One end of the matching circuit M is electrically connected to the signal source 30, and the other end is electrically connected to the feed section A. The matching circuit M is used to adjust the impedance of the radiation path on the radiator 10, so that the impedance of the radiation path on the radiator 10 has a better match with the desired radiation frequency band (e.g., the first frequency band and the second frequency band), thereby generating a resonant mode in the desired frequency band and exhibiting good radiation performance in the desired frequency band. This application does not limit the specific structure of the matching circuit M. Optionally, the matching circuit M includes a circuit structure composed of multiple components such as capacitors, inductors, and resistors.

[0060] The signal source 30 is used to excite the radiator 10 to form a target resonant mode supporting the target frequency band. This application does not specifically limit the size of the target frequency band. Optionally, the target frequency band includes, but is not limited to, the LB band (less than 1 GHz), the MHB band (1 GHz-3 GHz), and the UHB band (greater than 3 GHz). Of course, the target frequency band may also include the GPS band, etc.

[0061] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 The target resonance mode causes the radiator 10 to form a first resonant current I1 along its outer edge in the first phase (wherein the I1 label does not indicate the presence of I1 current at that location), and the target resonance mode causes the radiator 10 to form a second resonant current I2 along its outer edge in the second phase. The angle between the direction of the first resonant current I1 and the direction of the second resonant current I2 is a first preset angle to form a circularly polarized wave. This application does not specifically limit the first preset angle; the first preset angle is sufficient to enable the first resonant current I1 and the second resonant current I2 to form a circularly polarized wave as required. The first preset angle is approximately vertical or perpendicular. For example, the first preset angle is between 70° and 110°, this data is for example only. For example, the first preset angle can be 90°. As a further example, the direction of the first resonant current I1 is in the opposite direction along the Y-axis, and the direction of the second resonant current I2 is in the positive direction along the X-axis.

[0062] Wherein, the first phase and the second phase differ by a second preset angle. This application does not specifically limit the second preset angle; the second preset angle only needs to be sufficient to enable the first resonant current I1 and the second resonant current I2 to form a circularly polarized wave as required. For example, the second preset angle is located between 70° and 110°; this data is for illustrative purposes only. For example, the second preset angle could be 90°. Further examples include: the first phase is 0° and the second phase is 90°; or the first phase is 10° and the second phase is 90°; or the first phase is 80° and the second phase is 180°, and so on.

[0063] In this application, the first resonant current I1 and the second resonant current I2 are currents in different phases of the target resonant mode, and the amplitudes of the first resonant current I1 and the second resonant current I2 are similar or the same.

[0064] This application designs the shape of the radiator 10 and the position of the feed section A to achieve a symmetrical structure; it designs the position of the capacitor structure 20 loaded on the radiator 10 to adjust the symmetrical current on the radiator 10 to an asymmetrical current distribution, and tunes current pairs with similar amplitudes, phase differences of 90° (or approximately) and orthogonal (or approximately orthogonal) directions to form a circularly polarized wave.

[0065] The antenna assembly 100 and electronic device 1000 provided in this application are designed with the outer edge of the radiator 10 symmetrical about a first center line L1. The radiator 10 includes a feed section A and a tuning section B spaced apart. The feed section A is located on the first center line L1 of the radiator 10, and the midpoint between the feed section A and the first center line L1 is spaced apart (e.g., greater than or equal to 0.01λ, where λ is the wavelength of the target frequency band). The tuning section B is also spaced apart from the first center line L1. One end of the capacitor structure 20 is electrically connected to the tuning section B, and the other end of the capacitor structure 20 is grounded. A signal source 30 is electrically connected to the feed section A to excite the radiator 10. A target resonant mode supporting the target frequency band is formed. The target resonant mode causes a first resonant current I1 to be formed on the outer edge of the radiator 10 in the first phase, and a second resonant current I2 to be formed on the outer edge of the radiator 10 in the second phase. The angle between the first resonant current I1 and the second resonant current I2 is a first preset angle to form a circularly polarized wave. The first phase and the second phase differ from each other by a second preset angle. The antenna assembly 100 provided in this application is a circularly polarized antenna with relatively good circular polarization performance. When applied to the electronic device 1000, it enables the electronic device 1000 to have better performance when communicating with satellites.

[0066] Please see Figure 7 This application does not specifically limit the size of the radiator 10. Optionally, the intersection of the first center line L1 and the outer edge of the radiator 10 is the first target point G1 and the second target point G2, respectively. Taking the first center line L1 as a vertical line as an example, the first target point G1 is the midpoint or highest point of the top, and the second target point G2 is the midpoint or highest point of the bottom. The equivalent electrical length from the first target point G1 to the second target point G2 corresponds to half the wavelength of the target frequency band. In other words, the equivalent electrical length from the first target point G1 to the second target point G2 is close to half the wavelength of the target frequency band, so that the feed part A can be located at or near the first target point G1, and in the absence of the capacitor structure 20, the current mode formed by the signal source 30 exciting the radiator 10 is a half wavelength mode. The current distribution flows from the feed section A (first target point G1) to the second target point G2 or from the second target point G2 to the feed section A (first target point G1), with the current intensity being weak at both ends and strong in the middle. This allows for a symmetrical current distribution pattern to be formed even without the capacitor structure 20. This symmetrical current distribution pattern can serve as the initial pattern before the capacitor structure 20 is installed. As the initial pattern, this symmetrical current distribution pattern is easier to tune to an asymmetrical current distribution, producing current pairs with similar amplitudes, a phase difference of 90° (or approximately 90°), and orthogonal (or approximately orthogonal) directions, thereby forming a circularly polarized wave.

[0067] Further, please refer to Figure 7The first centerline L1 divides the outer edge of the radiator 10 into a first side 11 and a second side 12. The first side 11 is the left side in the figure, and the second side 12 is the right side. The left and right sides are symmetrical about the first centerline L1.

[0068] Please see Figure 7 The radiator 10 also has a second centerline L2. The second centerline L2 is perpendicular to the first centerline L1. The second centerline L2 intersects the first centerline L1 at the midpoint of the first centerline L1. Further, the second centerline L2 extends along the X-axis. The intersection of the second centerline L2 on the first side 11 is the third target point G3, and the intersection of the second centerline L2 on the second side 12 is the fourth target point G4.

[0069] Taking the radiator 10 as a circle as an example, the first target point G1 is the top point, the second target point G2 is the bottom point, the third target point G3 is the left side point, and the fourth target point G4 is the right side point.

[0070] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates the initial current mode before tuning of the capacitor structure 20 in the example of an antenna assembly 100 without the capacitor structure 20, where the radiator 10 is circular, the equivalent electrical length from the first target point G1 to the second target point G2 corresponds to half the wavelength of the target frequency band, and the feed unit A is located at the first target point G1. The initial current mode is compared with the resonant current mode of the antenna assembly 100 with the capacitor structure 20 to illustrate the function of the capacitor structure 20.

[0071] Please see Figure 8 and Figure 9 , Figure 8 This is a current distribution diagram of the radiator 10 without capacitor structure 20 at the 0° phase provided in the embodiment of this application. Figure 9 This is a current distribution diagram of the radiator 10 without capacitor structure 20 at a 90° phase provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0072] The radiator 10 forms a half-wavelength mode of the target frequency band under the excitation of the signal source 30. That is, the effective electrical length of the radiator 10 from the first target point G1 to the second target point G2 is approximately half the wavelength of the target frequency band. Furthermore, the effective electrical length of the first target point G1 along the first side 11 to the second target point G2 is approximately half the wavelength of the target frequency band, so as to form a half-wavelength mode supporting the target frequency band.

[0073] Please see Figure 8At 0° phase, the current on the outer edge of the radiator 10 is symmetrically distributed along the first center line L1, meaning the currents on both sides of the first center line L1 are in phase. A portion of the current flows from the feed section A at the first target point G1 along the first side 11 to the second target point G2. The current at the first and second target points G1 and G2 is weak, while the current near the third target point G3 is strong; that is, the current pattern at half the wavelength is weak at both ends and strong in the middle. Correspondingly, another portion of the current flows from the feed section A at the first target point G1 along the second side 12 to the second target point G2. The current at the first and second target points G1 and G2 is weak, while the current near the fourth target point G4 is strong; that is, the current pattern at half the wavelength is weak at both ends and strong in the middle. These two portions of current combine at 0° phase to form a strong current with an overall vertically downward (opposite to the Y-axis) direction.

[0074] Please see Figure 9 At a 90° phase, the current on the outer edge of the radiator 10 is symmetrically distributed along the first center line L1, meaning the currents on both sides of the first center line L1 are in phase. A portion of the current flows from the second target point G2 along the first side 11 to the first target point G1. The current at the first target point G1 and the second target point G2 is weak, while the current near the third target point G3 is relatively strong (weak compared to the current at 0° phase). This means the current pattern at half the wavelength is weak at both ends and strong in the middle. Correspondingly, another portion of the current flows from the second target point G2 along the second side 12 to the first target point G1. The current at the first target point G1 and the second target point G2 is weak, while the current near the fourth target point G4 is relatively strong. This means the current pattern at half the wavelength is also weak at both ends and strong in the middle. These two portions of current combine at a 90° phase to form a weak current with an overall vertically upward (positive Y-axis) direction.

[0075] In terms of current intensity, the current intensity at the third target point G3 and the fourth target point G4 is the highest at 0° phase and the lowest at 90° phase. The current distribution at 180° phase is opposite in direction to the current distribution at 0° phase, but the intensity is similar. That is, the 180° phase forms a strong current with an overall vertical upward direction (positive Y-axis). Similarly, the current resonates vertically along the outer edge of the radiator 10. In this embodiment, the current pairs of the antenna at a 90° phase difference have the same or opposite directions, making it impossible to form a circularly polarized wave. The current mode of the above antenna is a linearly polarized mode, and the antenna in this case is a linearly polarized antenna.

[0076] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates an embodiment of this application that includes a capacitor structure 20. The example used is a first phase of 0° and a second phase of 90°.

[0077] The signal source 30 excites the radiator 10 to form a target resonant mode. The current of the target resonant mode includes a first resonant current I1 and a second resonant current I2. The first resonant current I1 is the resonant current on the radiator 10 when the target resonant mode is at 0° phase, and the second resonant current I2 is the resonant current on the radiator 10 when the target resonant mode is at 90° phase.

[0078] Please see Figure 5 The first resonant current I1 includes a first sub-current Q1 distributed on the first side 11 and a second sub-current Q2 distributed on the second side 12. The first sub-current Q1 is the resonant current on the first side 11 at 0° phase, and the second sub-current Q2 is the resonant current on the second side 12 at 0° phase.

[0079] Please see Figure 8 In the antenna without capacitor structure 20, the resonant current on the first side 11 at 0° phase and the resonant current on the second side 12 at 0° phase are symmetrical currents. However, in the antenna assembly 100 with capacitor structure 20 provided in this embodiment, the first sub-current Q1 and the second sub-current Q2 are asymmetrical about the first center line L1. The strong current distribution positions of the first sub-current Q1 and the second sub-current Q2 are not symmetrical about the first center line L1. Furthermore, the phases of the first sub-current Q1 and the second sub-current Q2 are different. The first sub-current Q1 and the second sub-current Q2 will be described in detail later.

[0080] Please see Figure 6 The second resonant current I2 includes a third sub-current Q3 distributed along the first side 11 and a fourth sub-current Q4 distributed along the second side 12. The third sub-current Q3 is the resonant current on the first side 11 at a 90° phase, and the fourth sub-current Q4 is the resonant current on the second side 12 at a 90° phase.

[0081] Please see Figure 9 In the antenna without capacitor structure 20, the resonant current on the first side 11 at 90° phase and the resonant current on the second side 12 at 90° phase are symmetrical currents. However, in the antenna assembly 100 with capacitor structure 20 provided in this embodiment, the third sub-current Q3 and the fourth sub-current Q4 are asymmetrical about the first center line L1. The strong current distribution positions of the third sub-current Q3 and the fourth sub-current Q4 are not symmetrical about the first center line L1. Furthermore, the phases of the third sub-current Q3 and the fourth sub-current Q4 are different. The third sub-current Q3 and the fourth sub-current Q4 will be described in detail later.

[0082] In this embodiment, a grounded capacitor structure 20 is provided in the region of the antenna assembly 100 that is offset from the first center line L1. The capacitor structure 20 is used to change the original symmetrical current distribution pattern on the radiator 10, so that the current distribution on the radiator 10 in the first phase and the second phase is no longer symmetrical about the first center line L1. Furthermore, the capacitance value of the capacitor structure 20 is tuned to a suitable capacitance value according to the target frequency band, so that the current in the first phase and the second phase, which are nearly 90° apart, form a nearly perpendicular current pair, thereby forming a circularly polarized wave.

[0083] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the tuning effect of the capacitor structure 20 at different positions on the current distribution on the radiator 10.

[0084] For details, please refer to Figure 7 The second centerline L2 and the first centerline L1 divide the radiator 10 into a first quadrant N1, a second quadrant N2, a third quadrant N3, and a fourth quadrant N4. The first quadrant N1 and the second quadrant N2 are formed by the first side 11 and the first centerline L1. The distance between the first quadrant N1 and the feed section A is less than the distance between the second quadrant N2 and the feed section A. The third quadrant N3 and the fourth quadrant N4 are formed by the second side 12 and the first centerline L1. The distance between the third quadrant N3 and the feed section A is less than the distance between the fourth quadrant N4 and the feed section A.

[0085] Taking the radiator 10 as a circle as an example, the first quadrant N1, the second quadrant N2, the third quadrant N3, and the fourth quadrant N4 are all 1 / 4 circles. Among them, the first quadrant N1 is the upper left 1 / 4 circle, the second quadrant N2 is the lower left 1 / 4 circle, the third quadrant N3 is the upper right 1 / 4 circle, and the fourth quadrant N4 is the lower right 1 / 4 circle.

[0086] Taking the radiator 10 as a rectangle as an example, the first quadrant N1, the second quadrant N2, the third quadrant N3, and the fourth quadrant N4 are all 1 / 4 rectangles of the radiator 10. Among them, the first quadrant N1 is the upper left 1 / 4 rectangle, the second quadrant N2 is the lower left 1 / 4 rectangle, the third quadrant N3 is the upper right 1 / 4 rectangle, and the fourth quadrant N4 is the lower right 1 / 4 rectangle.

[0087] Taking the radiator 10 as an example where the upper half is a semicircle and the lower half is a semirectangle, the first quadrant N1 is the upper left quarter circle, the second quadrant N2 is the lower left quarter rectangle; the third quadrant N3 is the upper right quarter circle, and the fourth quadrant N4 is the lower right quarter rectangle.

[0088] The tuning section B is located in at least one of the first quadrant N1, the second quadrant N2, the third quadrant N3, and the fourth quadrant N4. That is, the capacitor structure 20 can be located in one or more of the above four quadrants. In this embodiment, the capacitor structure 20 is located in one quadrant as an example. Furthermore, if more than half of the area of ​​the tuning section B is located within a certain quadrant, then the tuning section B is determined to be within that quadrant.

[0089] This application embodiment analyzes the placement of the provided capacitor structure 20. When the capacitor structure 20 is placed in different quadrant regions, its tuning effect on the resonant current is different, and thus the circularly polarized wave formed is also different. For example, the position of the capacitor structure 20 affects whether the circularly polarized wave is left-handed or right-handed, so as to facilitate the design of the antenna assembly 100 with the required circularly polarized wave.

[0090] Optionally, the power supply unit A can be located at the first target point G1, between the center of the first target point G1 and the center of the first center line L1, the second target point G2, or between the center of the second target point G2 and the center of the first center line L1. Positioning the power supply unit A at the first center line L1 creates an initial current pattern with a symmetrical current distribution on both sides, making it easier to adjust the circular polarization performance by adjusting the position of the capacitor structure 20. The following embodiments use the example of the power supply unit A being located at the first target point G1 or between the midpoint of the first target point G1 and the first center line L1, and further use the example of the power supply unit A being located at the first target point G1.

[0091] In the first embodiment

[0092] Please see Figure 10 and Figure 11 The tuning section B is located in the first quadrant region N1. The capacitor structure 20 is electrically connected to the radiator 10 within the first quadrant region N1. The capacitor structure 20 is used to advance the phase of currents relatively close to it; specifically, it advances the phase of the first sub-current Q1 at 0° phase and the phase of the third sub-current Q3 at 90° phase. In other words, the capacitor structure 20 makes the phase of the first sub-current Q1 greater than the phase of the second sub-current Q2, and the phase of the third sub-current Q3 greater than the phase of the fourth sub-current Q4.

[0093] This application does not specifically limit the preceding phase degree of the first sub-current Q1. Optionally, the preceding phase degree of the first sub-current Q1 is 0°-90°, for example, the preceding phase degree of the first sub-current Q1 is 45° or 90°, etc.

[0094] Please see Figure 10In the first phase (i.e., the 0° phase), the distance between the strong current region of the first sub-current Q1 and the second target point G2 is less than the distance between the strong current region of the first sub-current Q1 and the first target point G1. Before the capacitor structure 20 is set, the strong current of the first sub-current Q1 in the 0° phase is distributed in the region of the first side 11 near the third target point G3. After the capacitor structure 20 is set, the strong current of the first sub-current Q1 in the 0° phase is distributed between the third target point G3 and the second target point G2. That is, the strong current region of the first sub-current Q1 is distributed on the lower left side (the first side 11 corresponding to the second quadrant N2). The direction of the strong current of the first sub-current Q1 is towards the second target point G2. The first sub-current Q1 has a rightward horizontal current component and a downward (opposite to the Y-axis) vertical current component. The horizontal component is the direction of the second center line L2, and the vertical component is the direction of the first center line L1.

[0095] The strong current of the second sub-current Q2 is distributed at the intersection of the second center line L2 and the second side 12 (near the third target point G3). Since the distance between the capacitor structure 20 and the second sub-current Q2 is relatively far, the capacitor structure 20 has virtually no effect on the phase of the second sub-current Q2. In embodiments without and with the capacitor structure 20, the strong current of the second sub-current Q2 with a 0° phase remains distributed near the second target point G2 (distributed on the second side 12 corresponding to the third quadrant N3). The direction of the strong current of the second sub-current Q2 is towards the second target point G2. Based on the components of the first sub-current Q1 and the second sub-current Q2, it can be seen that the main direction of the first resonant current I1 is from the first target point G1 to the second target point G2. In other words, the main current direction of the first resonant current I1 is longitudinal, and it also includes a small amount of transverse current component.

[0096] Please see Figure 11 In the second phase (i.e., the 90° phase), the current in the 90° phase is phase-reversed compared to the 0° phase, and the current intensity is also reversed accordingly.

[0097] For the current of the first side 11, the current intensity in the region of the first side 11 near the first target point G1 flips at a 90° phase to become a strong current distribution region. The first part of the strong current Q31 of the third sub-current Q3 is distributed in the region of the first side 11 near the first target point G1, and the direction of the first part of the strong current Q31 of the third sub-current Q3 is towards the first target point G1 (i.e., laterally to the right).

[0098] Due to the influence of capacitor structure 20, the first sub-current Q1 has both lateral and longitudinal components at 0° phase between the third target point G3 and the second target point G2. The longitudinal component of the current flips into a very weak current at 90° phase, while the lateral component flips into a strong current at 90° phase. Therefore, the second strong current Q32 of the third sub-current Q3 is distributed in the region of the first side 11 near the second target point G2 and flows towards the second target point G2 (i.e., laterally to the right, i.e., in the positive X-axis direction).

[0099] At 0° phase, the region of the second side 12 near the second target point G2 is a weak current. At 90° phase, after the current intensity is reversed, the strong current of the fourth sub-current Q4 is distributed in the region of the second side 12 near the second target point G2. The direction of the strong current of the fourth sub-current Q4 is away from the second target point G2 (i.e., horizontal to the right, which is also the positive direction of the X-axis).

[0100] Combining the third sub-current Q3 and the fourth sub-current Q4, it can be seen that the main direction of the second resonant current I2 is along the second center line L2 and from the first side 11 to the second side 12 (lateral to the right).

[0101] The current distribution at 180° phase is opposite in direction to that at 0° phase, but with similar intensity. This means the 180° phase forms a strong current pointing vertically upwards (positive Y-axis). Similarly, the current distribution at 270° phase is opposite in direction to that at 90° phase, but with similar intensity. This means the 270° phase forms a strong current pointing horizontally to the left (opposite X-axis), and so on. The current directions at 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° phases are, respectively, downwards (opposite Y-axis), rightwards, upwards (positive Y-axis), and leftwards (opposite X-axis), thus forming a dynamically rotating current to the right.

[0102] The first resonant current I1 at 0° phase and the second resonant current I2 at 90° phase form a right-hand circularly polarized wave. Of course, the resonant currents at 90° and 180° phases also form circularly polarized waves, as do the resonant currents at 180° and 270° phases.

[0103] In this embodiment, by setting a capacitor structure 20, the capacitor structure 20 creates a slight perturbation to the current on both sides, causing a change in the current phase on both sides of the first center line L1 of the radiator 10, resulting in an asymmetrical current distribution. Specifically, the downward (reverse Y-axis) current intensity is the largest at 0° phase, the rightward (positive X-axis) horizontal current intensity is the largest at 90° phase, the upward (positive Y-axis) current intensity is the largest at 180° phase, and the leftward (reverse X-axis) horizontal current intensity is the largest at 270° phase, which is a right-hand circular polarization mode.

[0104] Please see Figure 12 and Figure 13 , Figure 12 This is the axial ratio (side view) of the antenna without the capacitor structure 20 in this embodiment of the application; Figure 13 This is the axial ratio (side view) of the antenna assembly 100 with capacitor structure 20 in this embodiment of the application. The left side of the side view is the back cover side, and the right side is the display screen side.

[0105] As can be seen, the axial ratio of the antenna without capacitor structure 20 is greater than 30dB in all directions, and it has no circular polarization characteristics. However, the axial ratio of the antenna assembly 100 with capacitor structure 20 is less than 3dB in the direction perpendicular to the back cover, and it has circular polarization characteristics. Furthermore, the main radiation direction of the circularly polarized wave is perpendicular to the back cover and away from the display screen.

[0106] Please see Figure 14 , Figure 14 This diagram shows the gain and left / right circular polarization gain of the antenna without the capacitor structure 20 in this embodiment of the application. Curve a represents the gain of the antenna without the capacitor structure 20 in this embodiment of the application. Curve b represents the left / right circular polarization gain of the antenna without the capacitor structure 20 in this embodiment of the application. It can be seen that the antenna gain without the capacitor structure 20 is 3dB higher than the circular polarization gain, which is consistent with conventional linearly polarized antennas.

[0107] Please see Figure 15 , Figure 15 These are gain, left-hand circular polarization gain, and right-hand circular polarization gain graphs of the antenna with capacitor structure 20 in this embodiment of the application. Curve a represents the gain of the antenna with capacitor structure 20 in this embodiment of the application. Curve b represents the left-hand circular polarization gain of the antenna with capacitor structure 20 in this embodiment of the application. Curve c represents the right-hand circular polarization gain of the antenna with capacitor structure 20 in this embodiment of the application.

[0108] It can be seen that the gain of the antenna assembly 100 with capacitor structure 20 is basically equal to the right-hand circular polarization gain in the vicinity of 2.4GHz-2.5GHz, while the left-hand circular polarization gain in this frequency band is suppressed to below -2dB, which has good circular polarization purity.

[0109] In the second embodiment

[0110] Please see Figure 16 and Figure 17The tuning section B is located in the second quadrant region N2. The capacitor structure 20 is electrically connected to the radiator 10 within the second quadrant region N2. The capacitor structure 20 is used to lag the phase of the current relatively close to the capacitor structure 20; specifically, the capacitor structure 20 is used to lag the phase of the first sub-current Q1 at 0° phase and to lag the phase of the third sub-current Q3 at 90° phase. In other words, the capacitor structure 20 is used to make the phase of the first sub-current Q1 less than the phase of the second sub-current Q2, and to make the phase of the third sub-current Q3 less than the phase of the fourth sub-current Q4.

[0111] This application does not specifically limit the hysteresis phase degree of the first sub-current Q1. Optionally, the hysteresis phase degree of the first sub-current Q1 is 0°-90°, further, the hysteresis phase degree of the first sub-current Q1 is 20°-70°, and even further, the hysteresis phase degree of the first sub-current Q1 is about 45 degrees.

[0112] Please see Figure 16 In the first phase (i.e., the 0° phase), the distance between the strong current region of the first sub-current Q1 and the first target point G1 is less than the distance between the strong current region of the first sub-current Q1 and the second target point G2. Before the capacitor structure 20 is set, the strong current of the first sub-current Q1 in the 0° phase is distributed in the region of the first side 11 near the third target point G3. After the capacitor structure 20 is set, the strong current of the first sub-current Q1 in the 0° phase is distributed between the first target point G1 and the third target point G3. That is, the strong current region of the first sub-current Q1 is distributed on the upper left side (the first side 11 corresponding to the first quadrant N1). The direction of the strong current of the first sub-current Q1 is towards the second target point G2. The first sub-current Q1 has a leftward (X-reverse) lateral current component and a downward longitudinal current component. The lateral component is the direction of the second center line L2, and the longitudinal component is the direction of the first center line L1.

[0113] The strong current of the second sub-current Q2 is distributed at the intersection of the second center line L2 and the second side 12. Since the distance between the capacitor structure 20 and the second sub-current Q2 is relatively far, the capacitor structure 20 has virtually no effect on the phase of the second sub-current Q2. In embodiments without and with the capacitor structure 20, the strong current of the second sub-current Q2 with a 0° phase remains distributed near the second target point G2 (distributed on the second side 12 corresponding to the third quadrant N3). The direction of the strong current of the second sub-current Q2 is towards the second target point G2. Based on the components of the first sub-current Q1 and the second sub-current Q2, it can be seen that the main direction of the first resonant current I1 is from the first target point G1 to the second target point G2. In other words, the main current direction of the first resonant current I1 is longitudinal, and it also includes a small amount of transverse current component.

[0114] Please see Figure 17 In the second phase (i.e., the 90° phase), the current in the 90° phase is phase-reversed compared to the 0° phase, and the current intensity is also reversed accordingly.

[0115] For the current on the first side 11, the current intensity in the region of the first side 11 near the second target point G2 flips at a 90° phase to become a strong current distribution region. The first part of the strong current Q31 of the third sub-current Q3 is distributed in the region of the second side 12 near the second target point G2. The direction of the first part of the strong current Q31 of the third sub-current Q3 is away from the second target point G2 (i.e., laterally to the left, that is, in the opposite direction of the X-axis).

[0116] Due to the influence of capacitor structure 20, the first sub-current Q1 has both lateral and longitudinal components at 0° phase between the third target point G3 and the first target point G1. The longitudinal component of the current flips into a very weak current at 90° phase, while the lateral component flips into a strong current at 90° phase. Therefore, the second strong current Q32 of the third sub-current Q3 is located in the region of the first side 11 near the first target point G1, and away from the first target point G1 (i.e., laterally to the left, or in the opposite direction of the X-axis).

[0117] The strong current distribution of the fourth sub-current Q4 at a 90° phase is from the fourth target point G4 to the second target point G2, and the direction is towards the second target point G2. The main current direction of the fourth sub-current Q4 is laterally to the left (opposite to the X-axis).

[0118] Combining the third sub-current Q3 and the fourth sub-current Q4, it can be seen that the main direction of the second resonant current I2 is along the second center line L2 and from the second side 12 to the first side 11 (the direction to the left, i.e., the opposite direction of the X-axis).

[0119] The current distribution at 180° phase is opposite in direction to that at 0° phase, but with similar intensity. This means the 180° phase forms a strong current pointing vertically upwards (positive Y-axis). Similarly, the current distribution at 270° phase is opposite in direction to that at 90° phase, but with similar intensity. This means the 270° phase forms a strong current pointing horizontally to the right, and so on. The current directions at 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° phases are, in order: downwards (opposite Y-axis), leftwards (opposite X-axis), upwards (positive Y-axis), and rightwards, thus forming a dynamically rotating current that rotates to the left.

[0120] Among them, the first resonant current I1 with a 0° phase and the second resonant current I2 with a 90° phase form a left-handed circularly polarized wave. Of course, the resonant currents with 90° and 180° phases also form circularly polarized waves, as do the resonant currents with 180° and 270° phases.

[0121] In this embodiment, the capacitor structure 20 is positioned in the second quadrant N2 of the radiator 10, i.e., the lower left corner of the radiator 10, to form left-hand circular polarization. The radiator 10 can be equivalent to a series LC circuit, and the capacitor structure 20 in this application can be equivalent to a parallel capacitor. That is, the antenna assembly 100 of this application is an LC circuit plus a parallel capacitor. Changing the capacitor structure 20 changes the position of the parallel capacitor in the LC circuit. This causes the phase of the resonant current in the entire resonant circuit to be affected by the parallel capacitor, achieving phase control of the current. After the current phase changes, the direction of the transverse current component also changes, and consequently, the overall current direction at the 90° phase also changes. In this embodiment, the position of the capacitor structure 20 can be determined according to the requirements of different circularly polarized waves.

[0122] In the third embodiment

[0123] Please see Figure 18 and Figure 19 The tuning section B is located in the third quadrant region N3. The capacitor structure 20 is electrically connected to the radiator 10 within the third quadrant region N3. The capacitor structure 20 is used to advance the phase of currents relatively close to it; specifically, it advances the phase of the second sub-current Q2 at 0° phase and the phase of the fourth sub-current Q4 at 90° phase. In other words, the capacitor structure 20 is used to make the phase of the second sub-current Q2 greater than the phase of the first sub-current Q1, and to make the phase of the fourth sub-current Q4 greater than the phase of the third sub-current Q3.

[0124] This application does not specifically limit the preceding phase degree of the second sub-current Q2. Optionally, the preceding phase degree of the second sub-current Q2 is 0°-90°, further, the preceding phase degree of the second sub-current Q2 is 20°-70°, and even further, the preceding phase degree of the second sub-current Q2 is about 45 degrees.

[0125] Please see Figure 18 In the first phase (i.e., the 0° phase), the distance between the strong current region of the second sub-current Q2 and the second target point G2 is less than the distance between the strong current region of the second sub-current Q2 and the first target point G1. Before the capacitor structure 20 is set, the strong current of the second sub-current Q2 in the 0° phase is distributed in the region of the second side 12 near the fourth target point G4. After the capacitor structure 20 is set, the strong current of the second sub-current Q2 in the 0° phase is distributed between the fourth target point G4 and the second target point G2. That is, the strong current region of the second sub-current Q2 is distributed on the lower right side (the second side 12 corresponding to the fourth quadrant N4). The direction of the strong current of the second sub-current Q2 is towards the second target point G2. The second sub-current Q2 has a horizontal current component to the left (opposite to the X-axis) and a vertical current component downward (opposite to the Y-axis). The horizontal component is the direction of the second center line L2, and the vertical component is the direction of the first center line L1.

[0126] The strong current of the first sub-current Q1 is distributed at the intersection of the second center line L2 and the first side 11 (near the third target point G3). Since the distance between the capacitor structure 20 and the first sub-current Q1 is relatively far, the capacitor structure 20 has virtually no effect on the phase of the first sub-current Q1. In embodiments without and with the capacitor structure 20, the strong current of the first sub-current Q1 with a 0° phase remains distributed near the second target point G2 (distributed on the first side 11 corresponding to the first quadrant N1). The direction of the strong current of the first sub-current Q1 is towards the second target point G2. Based on the components of the second sub-current Q2 and the first sub-current Q1, it can be seen that the main direction of the first resonant current I1 is from the first target point G1 to the second target point G2 (opposite to the Y-axis). In other words, the main current direction of the first resonant current I1 is the longitudinal direction, and it also includes a small amount of transverse current components.

[0127] Please see Figure 19 In the second phase (i.e., the 90° phase), the current in the 90° phase is phase-reversed compared to the 0° phase, and the current intensity is also reversed accordingly.

[0128] Regarding the current on the second side 12, the current intensity in the region of the second side 12 near the first target point G1 flips at a 90° phase to become a strong current distribution region. The first part of the strong current Q41 of the fourth sub-current Q4 is distributed in the region of the second side 12 near the first target point G1, and the direction of the first part of the strong current Q41 of the fourth sub-current Q4 is towards the first target point G1 (i.e., laterally to the left, that is, in the opposite direction of the X-axis).

[0129] Due to the influence of capacitor structure 20, the second sub-current Q2 has both lateral and longitudinal components at 0° phase between the fourth target point G4 and the second target point G2. The longitudinal component of the current flips into a very weak current at 90° phase, while the lateral component flips into a strong current at 90° phase. Therefore, the second strong current Q42 of the fourth sub-current Q4 is distributed in the region of the second side 12 near the second target point G2, and flows towards the second target point G2 (i.e., laterally to the left, or in the opposite direction along the X-axis).

[0130] At 0° phase, the region of the first side 11 near the second target point G2 is a weak current. At 90° phase, after the current intensity is reversed, the strong current of the third sub-current Q3 is distributed in the region of the first side 11 near the second target point G2. The direction of the strong current of the third sub-current Q3 is away from the second target point G2 (i.e., horizontal to the left, that is, the X-axis is reversed).

[0131] Combining the fourth sub-current Q4 and the third sub-current Q3, it can be seen that the main direction of the second resonant current I2 (the direction of the main current) is along the second center line L2 and from the second side 12 to the first side 11 (the direction to the left, that is, the opposite direction of the X-axis).

[0132] The current distribution at 180° phase is opposite in direction to that at 0° phase, but with similar intensity. This means the 180° phase forms a strong current pointing vertically upwards (positive Y-axis). Similarly, the current distribution at 270° phase is opposite in direction to that at 90° phase, but with similar intensity. This means the 270° phase forms a strong current pointing horizontally to the right (positive X-axis), and so on. The current directions at 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° phases are, respectively, downwards (opposite Y-axis), leftwards (opposite X-axis), upwards (positive Y-axis), and rightwards (positive X-axis), thus forming a dynamically rotating current that rotates to the left.

[0133] Among them, the first resonant current I1 with a 0° phase and the second resonant current I2 with a 90° phase form a left-handed circularly polarized wave. Of course, the resonant currents with 90° and 180° phases also form circularly polarized waves, as do the resonant currents with 180° and 270° phases.

[0134] Fourth embodiment

[0135] Please see Figure 20 and Figure 21 The tuning section B is located in the fourth quadrant region N4. The capacitor structure 20 is electrically connected to the radiator 10 within the fourth quadrant region N4. The capacitor structure 20 is used to lag the phase of the current relatively close to the capacitor structure 20; specifically, the capacitor structure 20 is used to lag the phase of the second sub-current Q2 at 0° phase and to lag the phase of the fourth sub-current Q4 at 90° phase. In other words, the capacitor structure 20 is used to make the phase of the second sub-current Q2 less than the phase of the first sub-current Q1, and to make the phase of the fourth sub-current Q4 less than the phase of the third sub-current Q3.

[0136] This application does not specifically limit the hysteresis phase degree of the second sub-current Q2. Optionally, the hysteresis phase degree of the second sub-current Q2 is 0°-90°, further, the hysteresis phase degree of the second sub-current Q2 is 20°-70°, and even further, the hysteresis phase degree of the second sub-current Q2 is about 45 degrees.

[0137] Please see Figure 20 In the first phase (i.e., the 0° phase), the distance between the strong current region of the second sub-current Q2 and the first target point G1 is less than the distance between the strong current region of the second sub-current Q2 and the second target point G2. Before the capacitor structure 20 is set, the strong current of the second sub-current Q2 in the 0° phase is distributed in the region of the second side 12 near the fourth target point G4. After the capacitor structure 20 is set, the strong current of the second sub-current Q2 in the 0° phase is distributed between the fourth target point G4 and the first target point G1. That is, the strong current region of the second sub-current Q2 is located on the upper right side (the second side 12 corresponding to the third quadrant N3). The direction of the strong current of the second sub-current Q2 is away from the first target point G1. The second sub-current Q2 has a horizontal current component to the right (positive X-axis) and a vertical current component downward (reverse Y-axis). The horizontal component is the direction of the second center line L2, and the vertical component is the direction of the first center line L1.

[0138] The strong current of the first sub-current Q1 is located at the intersection of the second center line L2 and the first side 11 (near the third target point G3). Since the distance between the capacitor structure 20 and the first sub-current Q1 is relatively far, the capacitor structure 20 has virtually no effect on the phase of the first sub-current Q1. In embodiments without and with the capacitor structure 20, the strong current of the first sub-current Q1 with a 0° phase remains distributed near the second target point G2 (distributed on the first side 11 corresponding to the first quadrant N1). The direction of the strong current of the first sub-current Q1 is towards the second target point G2. Based on the components of the second sub-current Q2 and the first sub-current Q1, it can be seen that the main direction of the first resonant current I1 is from the first target point G1 to the second target point G2 (opposite to the Y-axis). In other words, the main current direction of the first resonant current I1 is the longitudinal direction, and it also includes a small amount of transverse current components.

[0139] Please see Figure 21 In the second phase (i.e., the 90° phase), the current in the 90° phase is phase-reversed compared to the 0° phase, and the current intensity is also reversed accordingly.

[0140] Regarding the current on the second side 12, the current intensity in the region of the second side 12 near the second target point G2 flips at a 90° phase to become a strong current distribution region. The first part of the strong current Q41 of the fourth sub-current Q4 is distributed in the region of the second side 12 near the second target point G2, and the direction of the first part of the strong current Q41 of the fourth sub-current Q4 is towards the first target point G1 (i.e., laterally to the right, which is also the positive X-axis direction).

[0141] Due to the influence of capacitor structure 20, the second sub-current Q2 has both lateral and longitudinal components at 0° phase between the fourth target point G4 and the second target point G2. The longitudinal component of the current flips into a very weak current at 90° phase, while the lateral component flips into a strong current at 90° phase. Therefore, the second strong current Q42 of the fourth sub-current Q4 is distributed in the region of the second side 12 near the first target point G1 and flows towards the second target point G2 (i.e., laterally to the right, i.e., in the positive X-axis direction).

[0142] At 0° phase, the region of the first side 11 near the second target point G2 is a weak current. At 90° phase, after the current intensity is reversed, the strong current of the third sub-current Q3 is distributed in the region of the first side 11 near the second target point G2. The direction of the strong current of the third sub-current Q3 is towards the second target point G2 (i.e., laterally to the right, which is also the positive direction of the X-axis).

[0143] Combining the fourth sub-current Q4 and the third sub-current Q3, it can be seen that the main direction of the second resonant current I2 (the direction of the main current) is along the second center line L2 and from the first side 11 to the second side 12 (the direction to the right).

[0144] The current distribution at 180° phase is opposite in direction to that at 0° phase, but with similar intensity. This means the 180° phase forms a strong current pointing vertically upwards (positive Y-axis). Similarly, the current distribution at 270° phase is opposite in direction to that at 90° phase, but with similar intensity. This means the 270° phase forms a strong current pointing horizontally to the left (opposite X-axis), and so on. The current directions at 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° phases are, respectively, downwards (opposite Y-axis), rightwards (positive X-axis), upwards (positive Y-axis), and leftwards (opposite X-axis), thus forming a dynamically rotating current that rotates to the right.

[0145] The first resonant current I1 at 0° phase and the second resonant current I2 at 90° phase form a right-hand circularly polarized wave. Of course, the resonant currents at 90° and 180° phases also form circularly polarized waves, as do the resonant currents at 180° and 270° phases.

[0146] In summary, the feed section A is located at the upper edge of the radiator 10, and the capacitor structure 20 is located at the upper left corner of the radiator 10. When the antenna of the radiator 10 is excited, the current phase around one side of the capacitor structure 20 will lead the other side, so as to generate right-hand circular polarization (the current distribution is left side → lower side (0° phase) → right side (90° phase) → upper side). Conversely, when the capacitor structure 20 is located at the upper right corner of the radiator 10, left-hand circular polarization is generated. (2) When the capacitor structure 20 is away from the feed section A (i.e., located at the lower left or lower right corner of the radiator 10), the above conclusion will be reversed (i.e., the capacitor structure 20 located at the lower left corner of the radiator 10 generates left-hand circular polarization, and the capacitor structure 20 located at the lower right corner of the radiator 10 generates right-hand circular polarization). This is because the current phase around one side of the capacitor structure 20 is out of phase, and the original phase lead becomes phase lag.

[0147] This application does not limit the target frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 100. The equivalent electrical length of the radiator 10 antenna is close to half the wavelength of the target frequency band. The size of the radiator 10 can be designed according to actual needs to support the required target frequency band.

[0148] This application does not impose a specific limitation on the capacitance value of capacitor structure 20. The capacitance value of capacitor structure 20 is affected by the size of the supported target frequency band and the specific location of capacitor structure 20. In the embodiments of this application, the capacitance value of capacitor structure 20 is sufficient to enable antenna assembly 100 to form a well-performing circularly polarized wave in the target frequency band.

[0149] Generally, circularly polarized antennas for mobile phones used in satellite communication applications currently suffer from problems such as large size and difficulty in conformal design with mobile phones. For example, the antenna part is a cylindrical structure, resulting in a large overall size. In addition, satellite antennas are shaped like unfolded planar plates, which also occupy a large volume. Current satellite terminal antennas occupy a large size, making them difficult to integrate into electronic devices.

[0150] In this embodiment, the antenna assembly 100 is mainly flat, thin, and has a small radiator area, making it suitable for use in electronic devices 1000 such as mobile phones and smartwatches with small thickness and relatively large planar space.

[0151] Please see Figure 22 The electronic device 1000 provided in this application embodiment includes a back cover 400, a conductor 600, and an antenna assembly 100 as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0152] Please see Figure 22 The radiator 10 is disposed on the rear cover 400. Specifically, the radiator 10 can be conformally fitted to the rear cover 400 to reduce the space occupied by the radiator 10 in the electronic device 1000 and realize the multiple functions of the rear cover 400.

[0153] The portion of the radiator 10 opposite the conductor 600 and spaced less than a preset distance is the tuning section B, and the conductor 600 is grounded. This application does not limit the preset distance; optionally, the preset distance is 0.02λ, where λ is the wavelength of the target frequency band.

[0154] At least a portion of the radiator 10 is opposite the conductor 600, and the distance between the radiator 10 and the conductor 600 is less than a preset distance, to form the capacitor structure 20. That is, a capacitor structure 20 is formed between the tuning unit B and the conductor 600. In other words, the capacitor structure 20 in the antenna assembly 100 is also formed by the conductor 600 in the electronic device 1000 and the radiator 10 on the back cover 400 with a small distance and a certain relative area. That is, the capacitor structure 20 also reuses the radiator 10 on the back cover 400 and the conductor 600 in the electronic device 1000.

[0155] This application does not limit the specific structure of the conductor 600. Optionally, the conductor 600 can be provided on the back cover 400 for protection, to improve the appearance, or to dissipate heat. In addition, the conductor 600 can also improve the appearance of the inner surface of the housing. The conductor 600 can also serve as a heat sink inside the housing.

[0156] In one alternative implementation, please refer to Figure 23 and Figure 24The electronic device 1000 further includes a camera module 700 and a camera decorative component 410. The camera module 700 includes a camera 710 and a camera conductive housing 720 surrounding the camera 710, and the camera conductive housing 720 is grounded.

[0157] The camera decorative element 410 is embedded in the through hole of the rear cover 400. The camera decorative element 410 has a light-transmitting portion for transmitting light to the camera 710, and at least a portion of the camera decorative element 410 is disposed opposite to the camera conductive housing 720. The portion or all of the camera conductive housing 720 opposite to the camera decorative element 410 is the conductor 600, and the camera decorative element 410 is the radiator 10.

[0158] The camera decorative element 410 is made of a conductive material, and further, the camera decorative element 410 is made of a metal material. The radiator 10 in the antenna assembly 100 reuses the camera decorative element 410 on the back cover 400.

[0159] By setting the camera decorative piece 410 inside the back cover 400 as the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100, the camera decorative piece 410 inside the back cover 400 can be fully utilized. In addition, since the camera decorative piece 410 inside the back cover 400 has a relatively large area, it can support a wide range of frequency bands, such as mid-to-high frequencies, thereby improving the radiation performance of the antenna assembly 100. Furthermore, setting the camera decorative piece 410 inside the back cover 400 as the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 provides better clearance, which can improve antenna performance. In addition, the camera decorative piece 410 inside the back cover 400 has a certain distance from other antennas on the electronic device 1000, which provides better isolation.

[0160] Further, please refer to Figure 25 and Figure 26 The outer contour shape of the camera decorative element 410 includes, but is not limited to, a circle, square, rectangle, semicircle, and semi-rectangle. In other words, the camera decorative element 410 has a first center line L1, and the outer contour of the camera decorative element 410 is also a symmetrical shape about the first center line L1, which meets the requirements of the antenna assembly 100 provided in this application for the outer contour of the radiator 10.

[0161] The conductive housing 720 of the camera is made of conductive material; further, the conductive housing 720 of the camera is made of metal. Generally, since the camera module 700 is installed directly below the camera decorative piece 410, the conductive housing 720 of the camera and the camera decorative piece 410 are opposite each other and the distance between them is small, which meets the configuration conditions of the capacitor structure 20 in the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0162] Generally, the conductive housing 720 of the camera is grounded to prevent the camera module 700 from being subjected to electrostatic interference. However, the capacitor structure 20 in this application also needs to be grounded, meaning that the conductive housing 720 of the camera, as the capacitor structure 20, does not require an additional grounding path.

[0163] In another implementation, please refer to Figure 27 The camera decorative element 410 is attached to the rear cover 400. The camera decorative element 410 has a light-transmitting portion for transmitting light to the camera 710. At least a portion of the camera decorative element 410 is disposed opposite to the camera conductive housing 720. Part or all of the camera conductive housing 720 is the conductor 600, and the camera decorative element 410 is the radiator 10. In this embodiment, the rear cover 400 can be a light-transmitting cover without through holes. The camera decorative element 410 can be applied to the rear cover 400 using processes such as LDS, FPC, and printing technology.

[0164] The antenna assembly 100 provided in this application embodiment is a circularly polarized antenna designed based on a mobile phone rear camera module and a radiator 10. A conductive camera decorative piece 410 is used as the antenna radiator 10. A capacitor structure 20 is constructed by utilizing the small gap between the conductive outer shell of the camera module 700 and the camera decorative piece 410. The perturbation effect (equivalent capacitance loading effect) of the capacitor structure 20 on the radiator 10 antenna changes its current direction and phase, achieving left-hand / right-hand circular polarization modes, suitable for satellite communication. The antenna assembly 100 largely utilizes the existing structure of the electronic device 1000, achieving circular polarization with minimal improvement cost and exhibiting good circular polarization performance.

[0165] Please see Figure 23 and Figure 24The camera conductive housing 720 includes a metal base and a metal casing (CMOS, lens, and other structures have been omitted), and the overall structure is a rectangular metal block with a hollowed-out center. The camera conductive housing 720 is located between the phone's mid-frame and the radiator 10, and is grounded to the phone's mid-frame, maintaining a certain distance from the radiator 10, for example, less than 0.02λ. The bottom of the camera module 700 is grounded (to the phone's metal mid-frame). The power supply part A is located on the first center line L1 of the radiator 10 (near the edge, not at the center of the first center line L1), and the camera conductive housing 720 is located to the left or right of the first center line L1 of the radiator 10 (not on the first center line L1). When the camera conductive housing 720 is located to the left of the first center line L1 of the radiator 10: (1) the camera conductive housing 720 forms right-hand circular polarization on the side closer to the feed section A, (2) the camera conductive housing 720 forms left-hand circular polarization on the side farther from the feed section A; when the camera conductive housing 720 is located to the right of the first center line L1 of the radiator 10: (3) the camera conductive housing 720 forms left-hand circular polarization on the side closer to the feed section A, (4) the camera conductive housing 720 forms right-hand circular polarization on the side farther from the feed section A.

[0166] The overlap area between the camera conductive housing 720 and the camera decorative piece 410, as well as the distance between them, affects the equivalent capacitance of the capacitor structure 20. A larger overlap area and a smaller distance between them result in a larger capacitance. When the equivalent capacitance reaches a certain value, it will significantly disturb the current; conversely, a smaller equivalent capacitance will have less impact on the original current distribution. The equivalent capacitance of the capacitor structure 20 can be controlled by partially hollowing out the radiator 10 or by adjusting the height of the radiator 10 relative to the camera conductive housing 720.

[0167] Specifically, at a given frequency, a certain range of equivalent capacitance is required for optimal circular polarization performance. In practice, the distance between the camera conductive housing 720 and the camera decorative part 410 can be determined first, and then the overlap area between the camera conductive housing 720 and the camera decorative part 410 can be adjusted to ensure that the antenna assembly 100 has optimal circular polarization performance.

[0168] When the area of ​​the conductive housing 720 of the camera is determined and the frequency of the best circular polarization is higher than the target frequency band, the overlapping area between the conductive housing 720 of the camera and the decorative part 410 can be reduced by opening a window on the camera decorative part 410 to reduce the equivalent capacitance and achieve low frequency adjustment.

[0169] When the area of ​​the conductive housing 720 of the camera is determined and the best frequency of circular polarization is lower than the target frequency band, high-frequency adjustment can be achieved by forming a capacitor structure 20 between the conductive housings of multiple adjacent cameras 710 and the camera decorative piece 410 to increase the equivalent capacitance.

[0170] Generally, the camera decorative piece 410 has multiple camera modules 700 below it. To prevent other camera modules 700 from interfering with the circularly polarized radiator 10 antenna designed in this application, the metal part (camera decorative piece 410) directly above the conductive shell of the unrelated camera modules 700 can be hollowed out by opening a window. Hollowing out the window reduces the equivalent capacitance. The hollowed-out area can be filled with glass or plastic. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 28 There are 3 camera modules 700. The metal parts of the camera decorative parts 410 above the top 2 camera modules 700 are hollowed out, while the metal of the radiator 10 above the bottom camera module 700 is not hollowed out.

[0171] For details, please refer to Figure 28 The radiator 10 has at least one window 13. The window 13 is used to ensure that the facing area between the radiator 10 and the conductor 600 is a preset area. The preset area and the preset distance between the radiator 10 and the conductor 600 make the capacitance between the radiator 10 and the conductor 600 a preset equivalent capacitance. The preset equivalent capacitance causes the first resonant current I1 and the second resonant current I2 to form circularly polarized waves.

[0172] The window 13 of the radiator 10 provided in this application embodiment can be located directly above other camera conductive housings 720 not used to form the capacitor structure 20, so as to avoid interference from other camera modules 700 to the circularly polarized radiator 10 antenna designed in this application; it can also be located directly above the camera conductive housings 720 used to form the capacitor structure 20, so as to adjust the facing area between the camera conductive housings 720 and the camera decorative parts 410, thereby adjusting the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor structure 20.

[0173] This application does not specify a particular area for the preset area; optionally, the preset area may be greater than 0.05 × 0.05λ. 2 Where λ is the wavelength of the target frequency band. When the area between the conductive housing 720 of the camera and the decorative element 410 is less than 0.05 × 0.05λ... 2This could lead to an excessively small equivalent capacitance, resulting in insufficient effect on the current perturbation on the radiator 10, thus failing to form a circularly polarized wave. This application does not specifically limit the preset area; optionally, the preset spacing is 0.02λ, where λ is the wavelength of the target frequency band. If the spacing between the camera conductive housing 720 and the camera decorative piece 410 is greater than 0.02λ, it could result in an excessively large spacing between the camera module 700 and the back cover 400, leading to a large thickness of the electronic device 1000. Simultaneously, it could result in an excessively small equivalent capacitance, resulting in insufficient effect on the current perturbation on the radiator 10, thus failing to form a circularly polarized wave.

[0174] The electronic device 1000 provided in this application embodiment achieves circularly polarized radiation on the back cover 400 of a mobile phone, exhibiting high gain and low axial ratio characteristics. By conformally designing the antenna assembly 100 with the rear camera module and camera trim 410 of the mobile phone, it occupies almost no additional space in the mobile phone. This antenna assembly 100 can be effectively used for communication between the mobile phone and satellites, and the mobile phone can significantly improve the quality of satellite communication through circularly polarized wave transmission.

[0175] Please see Figure 29 , Figure 29 yes Figure 23 The diagram shows the radiation pattern of the electronic device 1000 when answering a satellite phone call. As can be seen from the diagram, when a person's head is close to the mobile phone antenna, the quality of the satellite phone signal will be severely affected. However, the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 provided in this application is located on the back cover 400, and its radiation direction is away from the display screen. That is, by using the circularly polarized antenna of the radiator 10, the radiation direction is opposite to the direction of the person's head, which can effectively avoid the problem of human body obstruction.

[0176] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application, and such improvements and refinements are also considered to be within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna assembly, characterized in that, include: A radiator, the outer edge of which is symmetrical about a first center line, the radiator includes a feed section and a tuning section arranged at intervals, the feed section is located on the first center line of the radiator, the feed section is arranged at intervals with the midpoint of the first center line, and the tuning section is arranged at intervals with the first center line; A capacitor structure, one end of which is electrically connected to a tuning section, and the other end of which is grounded; and A signal source electrically connected to the feed unit is used to excite the radiator to form a target resonant mode supporting the target frequency band. The target resonant mode causes the radiator to form a first resonant current along its outer edge in a first phase and a second resonant current along its outer edge in a second phase. The angle between the direction of the first resonant current and the direction of the second resonant current is a preset angle to form a circularly polarized wave.

2. The antenna assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The intersection points of the first centerline and the outer edge of the radiator are the first target point and the second target point, respectively; the equivalent electrical length from the first target point to the second target point corresponds to half the wavelength of the target frequency band.

3. The antenna assembly as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first center line divides the outer edge of the radiator into a first side and a second side; The first resonant current includes a first sub-current distributed along the first side and a second sub-current distributed along the second side, wherein the first sub-current and the second sub-current are asymmetrical about the first center line; The second resonant current includes a third sub-current distributed along the first side and a fourth sub-current distributed along the second side, wherein the third sub-current and the fourth sub-current are asymmetrical about the first center line.

4. The antenna assembly as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The radiator also has a second centerline, which is perpendicular to the first centerline and intersects the first centerline at the midpoint of the first centerline. The second centerline and the first centerline divide the radiator into a first quadrant, a second quadrant, a third quadrant, and a fourth quadrant. The first and second quadrants are formed by the first side and the first centerline, and the distance between the first quadrant and the feed unit is less than the distance between the second quadrant and the feed unit. The third and fourth quadrants are formed by the second side and the first centerline, and the distance between the third quadrant and the feed unit is less than the distance between the fourth quadrant and the feed unit. The tuning unit is located in at least one of the first, second, third, and fourth quadrants.

5. The antenna assembly as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The power supply unit is located at the first target point or between the first target point and the midpoint of the first center line.

6. The antenna assembly as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, The tuning section is located in the first quadrant region, and the capacitor structure is used to make the phase of the first sub-current greater than the phase of the second sub-current, and to make the phase of the third sub-current greater than the phase of the fourth sub-current.

7. The antenna assembly as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, In the first phase, the distance between the strong current region of the first sub-current and the second target point is less than the distance between the strong current region of the first sub-current and the first target point, and the strong current direction of the first sub-current is pointing towards the second target point; the strong current of the second sub-current is distributed at the intersection of the second center line and the second side, and the strong current direction of the second sub-current is pointing towards the second target point; the main direction of the first resonant current is the direction from the first target point to the second target point; In the second phase, the first part of the strong current of the third sub-current is distributed in the region of the first side near the first target point, and the direction of the first part of the strong current of the third sub-current is towards the first target point; the second part of the strong current of the third sub-current is distributed in the region of the first side near the second target point, and flows towards the second target point; the strong current of the fourth sub-current is distributed in the region of the second side near the second target point, and the direction of the strong current of the fourth sub-current is away from the second target point; the main direction of the second resonant current is along the second center line and from the first side to the second side; the first resonant current and the second resonant current form a right-hand circularly polarized wave.

8. The antenna assembly as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, The tuning section is located in the second quadrant region, and the capacitor structure is used to make the phase of the first sub-current less than the phase of the second sub-current, and to make the phase of the third sub-current less than the phase of the fourth sub-current.

9. The antenna assembly as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, In the first phase, the distance between the strong current region of the first sub-current and the first target point is less than the distance between the strong current region of the first sub-current and the second target point, and the strong current direction of the first sub-current is towards the second target point; the strong current of the second sub-current is distributed at the intersection of the second center line and the second side, and the strong current direction of the second sub-current is towards the second target point; the main direction of the first resonant current is the direction from the first target point to the second target point; In the second phase, the first part of the strong current of the third sub-current is distributed in the region of the second side near the second target point, and the direction of the first part of the strong current of the third sub-current is away from the second target point; the second part of the strong current of the third sub-current is distributed in the region of the first side near the first target point, and away from the first target point; the strong current of the fourth sub-current is distributed in the region of the second side near the second target point, and the direction of the strong current of the fourth sub-current is toward the second target point; the main direction of the second resonant current is along the second center line and from the second side toward the first side; the first resonant current and the second resonant current form a left-hand circularly polarized wave.

10. The antenna assembly as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, The tuning section is located in the third quadrant region, and the capacitor structure is used to make the phase of the second sub-current greater than the phase of the first sub-current, and to make the phase of the fourth sub-current greater than the phase of the third sub-current.

11. The antenna assembly as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, In the first phase, the distance between the strong current region of the second sub-current and the second target point is less than the distance between the strong current region of the second sub-current and the first target point, and the strong current direction of the second sub-current is towards the second target point; the strong current of the first sub-current is distributed at the intersection of the second center line and the second side, and the strong current direction of the first sub-current is towards the second target point; the main direction of the first resonant current is the direction from the first target point to the second target point; In the second phase, the first part of the strong current of the fourth sub-current is distributed in the region of the second side near the first target point, and the direction of the first part of the strong current of the fourth sub-current is towards the first target point; the second part of the strong current of the fourth sub-current is distributed in the region of the second side near the second target point, and flows towards the second target point; the strong current of the third sub-current is distributed in the region of the first side near the second target point, and the direction of the strong current of the third sub-current is away from the second target point; the main direction of the second resonant current is along the second center line and from the second side to the first side; the first resonant current and the second resonant current form a left-hand circularly polarized wave.

12. The antenna assembly as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, The tuning section is located in the fourth quadrant region, and the capacitor structure is used to make the phase of the second sub-current less than the phase of the first sub-current, and to make the phase of the fourth sub-current less than the phase of the third sub-current.

13. The antenna assembly as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that, In the first phase, the distance between the strong current region of the second sub-current and the first target point is less than the distance between the strong current region of the second sub-current and the second target point, and the direction of the strong current of the second sub-current is away from the first target point; the strong current of the first sub-current is distributed at the position where the second center line and the second side intersect, and the direction of the strong current of the first sub-current is towards the second target point; the main direction of the first resonant current is the direction from the first target point to the second target point; In the second phase, the first part of the strong current of the fourth sub-current is distributed in the region of the second side near the second target point, and the direction of the first part of the strong current of the fourth sub-current is towards the first target point; the second part of the strong current of the fourth sub-current is distributed in the region of the second side near the first target point, and flows towards the second target point; the strong current of the third sub-current is distributed in the region of the first side near the second target point, and the direction of the strong current of the third sub-current is towards the second target point; the main direction of the second resonant current is along the second center line and from the first side to the second side; the first resonant current and the second resonant current form a right-hand circularly polarized wave.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that, The device includes a back cover, a conductor, and an antenna assembly as described in any one of claims 1-13. The radiator is disposed on the back cover. The portion of the radiator that is spaced from the conductor by a distance less than a preset distance is the tuning section. The conductor is grounded, and the tuning section and the conductor form the capacitor structure.

15. The electronic device as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes a camera module and a camera decorative component. The camera module includes a camera and a camera conductive housing surrounding the camera. The camera conductive housing is grounded. The camera decorative piece is embedded in the through hole of the back cover, or the camera decorative piece is attached to the back cover. The camera decorative piece has a light-transmitting part for transmitting light to the camera. At least a portion of the camera decorative piece is disposed opposite to the conductive outer shell of the camera. The conductive housing of the camera and the decorative part of the camera are partially or entirely the conductors, and the decorative part of the camera is the radiator.

16. The electronic device as claimed in claim 14 or 15, characterized in that, The radiator is provided with at least one window, which is used to make the facing area between the radiator and the conductor directly opposite the radiator a preset area. The preset area between the radiator and the conductor and the preset distance make the capacitance between the radiator and the conductor a preset equivalent capacitance. The preset equivalent capacitance makes the first resonant current and the second resonant current form a circularly polarized wave.

17. The electronic device as claimed in claim 16, characterized in that, The preset spacing is 0.02λ, and the preset area is greater than 0.05 × 0.05λ. 2 , where λ is the wavelength of the target frequency band.

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