A method for processing a tapered cylinder

Abstract

The application discloses a method for processing an oblique conical cylinder. The method comprises the following steps: S11, fixing a first reference block on the outer surface of a second machining part of a normal conical cylinder based on the normal conical cylinder; S12, fixing the second machining part, moving a milling cutter to touch the first reference block to determine the coordinates of a first machining reference point, and then milling a first machining part of the normal conical cylinder until the first machining part is milled into a first shaped part; S13, rotating to adjust the positions of the first shaped part and the second machining part, and then fixing the first shaped part; S14, moving the milling cutter to touch the first reference block to determine the coordinates of a second machining reference point, and then moving the milling cutter to mill the second machining part until the second machining part is milled into a second shaped part, and an oblique conical cylinder is obtained. Thus, the above problems existing in the machining process of the existing high-temperature alloy oblique conical cylinder are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining inclined conical cylinders, and more specifically to a method for machining inclined conical cylinders. Background Technology

[0002] IN718 high-temperature alloy is prized for its high hardness and strength, and is commonly used in certain specialized parts in the aerospace field. One such part is a tapered cylinder. Its machining typically involves milling a regular cone cylinder with a machine tool to remove excess material, ultimately obtaining the desired tapered cylinder. However, because obtaining the tapered cylinder requires milling both ends of the regular cone cylinder, the machining process involves fixing one end of the cylinder while machining the other. Then, the machined end is swapped with the original fixed end for further machining. Since the outer surface of the tapered cylinder is inclined, and the shape of the blank after the first machining is irregular, and the need to swap the positions of the original fixed end and the machined end during machining makes it difficult to determine the machining reference point, thus causing machining difficulties. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems in the processing of existing high-temperature alloy inclined conical cylinders, this invention provides a method for processing inclined conical cylinders, comprising the following steps:

[0004] Step S11: Based on obtaining the positive cone cylinder, fix the first reference block to the outer surface of the second processing part of the positive cone cylinder;

[0005] Step S12: Fix the second machining part, move the milling cutter to touch the first reference block to determine the coordinates of the first machining reference point, and then mill the first machining part of the positive cone cylinder until the first machining part is milled into the first forming part; wherein, the outer surface of the first machining part and the outer surface of the second machining part are located on the same inclined plane, and the inner surface of the first machining part and the inner surface of the second machining part are located on the same inclined plane.

[0006] Step S13: Rotate and interchange the positions of the first forming part and the second processing part, and then fix the first forming part;

[0007] Step S14: Move the milling cutter to touch the first reference block to determine the coordinates of the second machining reference point, and then move the milling cutter to mill the second machining part until the second machining part is milled into the second forming part to obtain the inclined cone cylinder.

[0008] This embodiment also provides another method for machining a tapered cylinder, including the following steps:

[0009] Step K11: Based on obtaining the positive cone cylinder, fix the first reference block and the second reference block to the outer surface of the second processing part of the positive cone cylinder, respectively, with the central section of the positive cone cylinder in the axial direction as the mirror surface;

[0010] Step K12: Fix the second machining part, move the milling cutter to touch the first reference block to determine the coordinates of the first machining reference point, and then mill the first machining part of the positive cone cylinder until the first machining part is milled into the first forming part; wherein, the outer surface of the first machining part and the outer surface of the second machining part are located on the same inclined plane, and the inner surface of the first machining part and the inner surface of the second machining part are located on the same inclined plane.

[0011] Step K13: Flip and swap the positions of the first forming part and the second processing part, and then fix the first forming part;

[0012] Step K14: Move the milling cutter to touch the second reference block to determine the coordinates of the second machining reference point, and then move the milling cutter to mill the second machining part until the second machining part is milled into the second forming part to obtain the inclined cone cylinder.

[0013] In some embodiments, the method of fixing the second processing part in step S12 or K12 is specifically as follows:

[0014] The first pressure plate is sleeved on the second processing part, and the cylindrical surface of the second processing part is clamped by a chuck, wherein the cylindrical surface of the second processing part is located at the end of the second processing part, and the first reference block is located between the first pressure plate and the chuck;

[0015] Based on the cylindrical surface of the second processing part clamped by the chuck, a first pressure is applied to the first pressure plate along the central axis of the positive conical cylinder, so that the inner surface of the first pressure plate is interference-fitted with part of the outer surface of the second processing part, and then the position of the second processing part is fixed.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first reference block is cube-shaped, and the contact point between the first reference block and the second processing part is the midpoint of the edge of the first reference block.

[0017] In some embodiments, in step S12 or K12:

[0018] The contact point between the milling cutter and the first reference block is a vertex of the first reference block;

[0019] The end face of the first forming part away from the second processing part is a first inclined surface.

[0020] In some embodiments, step S13 specifically includes:

[0021] Based on the first processing part being milled into a first forming part; the positions of the first forming part and the second processing part are rotated and interchanged;

[0022] The second pressure plate is sleeved on the first forming part and the first forming part is clamped with a chuck. Then, a second pressure is applied to the second pressure plate along the axial direction of the first forming part, so that the second pressure plate is interference-fitted with the first forming part, and then the position of the first forming part is fixed.

[0023] In some embodiments, step K13 specifically includes:

[0024] Based on the first processing part being milled into a first forming part; the positions of the first forming part and the second processing part are rotated and interchanged;

[0025] The second pressure plate is sleeved on the first forming part and the first forming part is clamped with a chuck. Then, a second pressure is applied to the second pressure plate along the axial direction of the first forming part, so that the second pressure plate is interference-fitted with the first forming part, and then the position of the first forming part is fixed.

[0026] In some embodiments, the end of the second processing section away from the first processing section is the end with the largest diameter of the positive cone cylinder; the end of the first processing section away from the second processing section is the end with the smallest diameter of the positive cone cylinder.

[0027] In some embodiments, step S14 specifically involves: based on the fixed position of the first forming part, moving the milling cutter to touch the first reference block, and determining the coordinates of the second machining reference point; wherein, the contact point between the milling cutter and the first reference block is a vertex of the first reference block;

[0028] Based on the coordinates of the second machining reference point, the milling cutter is then moved to mill the second machining part until the second machining part is milled into the second forming part, wherein the end face of the second forming part away from the first forming part is the second inclined surface, thus obtaining an inclined cone cylinder.

[0029] In some embodiments, step K14 specifically includes:

[0030] Since the position of the first forming part is fixed, the milling cutter is moved to touch the second reference block to determine the coordinates of the second machining reference point; wherein, the contact point between the milling cutter and the second reference block is a vertex of the first reference block;

[0031] Based on the coordinates of the second machining reference point, the milling cutter is then moved to mill the second machining part until the second machining part is milled into the second forming part, wherein the end face of the second forming part away from the first forming part is the second inclined surface, thus obtaining an inclined cone cylinder.

[0032] In some embodiments, the distance between the first reference block and the second reference block and the end face of the second processing part is H, where H = (H1 - H2) / 2; where H1 is the height of the positive cone cylinder and H2 is the height of the oblique cone cylinder.

[0033] To address the aforementioned problems in the processing of existing high-temperature alloy inclined conical cylinders, this invention offers the following advantages:

[0034] 1. By setting a first reference block on the outer surface of the conical cylinder, when the first machining part needs to be milled, the second machining part is fixed, and the first reference block is touched by a milling cutter to determine the coordinates of the first reference point. Then, the milling cutter is moved to the first machining part, and the first machining part is machined according to the set program to finally obtain the first forming part. Then, the positions of the second machining part and the first forming part are rotated and interchanged. Then, the first forming part is fixed, and the first reference block is touched by a milling cutter to determine the coordinates of the second reference point. The second machining part is then machined to obtain the second forming part. Since the positions of the first forming part and the second machining part are interchanged, the coordinates of the points on the second machining part change from (X, Y, Z) to (-X). The formula (X, Y, Z) is used to make it easier to mill the second machining part. When milling the second machining part, the milling cutter only needs to touch the rotated first reference block to determine the second machining reference point. Then, a negative sign is added to the coordinate point of the reference point in the program, so that (X, Y, Z) in the program can be changed to (-X, -Y, -Z), which corresponds to the second reference point on the rotated second machining part. This enables milling of the second machining part according to the preset program. It solves the problem that the outer surface of the positive cone cylinder is inclined, and the shape of the blank after the first machining is irregular. Moreover, the positions of the original fixed end and the machining end need to be swapped during the machining process, which makes it difficult to determine the position of the machining reference point, thus causing machining difficulties.

[0035] 2. By setting a first reference block and a second reference block on the outer surface of the conical cylinder, with the first and second reference blocks arranged in a mirror-symmetric manner, when milling the first machining part is required, the second machining part is fixed, and a milling cutter touches the first reference block to determine the coordinates of the first reference point. Then, the milling cutter is moved to the first machining part, and the first machining part is machined according to the pre-set program to obtain the first formed part. Subsequently, the positions of the second machining part and the first formed part are flipped and interchanged. The first formed part is then fixed, and a milling cutter touches the second reference block to determine the coordinates of the second reference point for machining the second machining part to obtain the second formed part. Since the first and second reference blocks are mirror-symmetric, the part to be machined after flipping is determined by the touch point of the second reference block. The coordinates of the second reference point and the point on the second machining part are changed from (X, Y, Z) to (-X, -Y, -Z). This makes it easier to mill the second machining part. When milling the second machining part, you only need to touch the rotated second reference block with the milling cutter to determine the second machining reference point. Then, add a negative sign to the coordinates of the reference point in the program to change (X, Y, Z) in the program to (-X, -Y, -Z), which corresponds to the second reference point on the rotated second machining part. This allows the second machining part to be milled according to the preset program. This solves the problem that the outer surface of the positive cone cylinder is inclined, and the shape of the blank after the first processing is irregular. Moreover, the positions of the original fixed end and the processing end need to be swapped during the processing, which makes it difficult to determine the position of the machining reference point and thus causes processing difficulties. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for processing a tapered cylinder in some embodiments;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the first reference block and the second processing unit in some embodiments;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of milling in the first machining section in some embodiments;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a milling schematic diagram of the second machining section in some embodiments;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the first reference block and the second reference block and the second processing unit in some embodiments;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of milling in the first machining section in some embodiments;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a milling schematic diagram of the second machining section in some embodiments;

[0043] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first reference block;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the rotation axis and the flip axis.

[0045] In the figure: 10, positive cone cylinder; 11, first processing part; 12, second processing part; 20, first pressure plate; 30, second pressure plate; 40, first reference block; 50, second reference block; 60, oblique cone cylinder; 61, first forming part; 62, second forming part; 70, rotation axis; 80, flipping axis. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present disclosure will now be discussed with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the present disclosure, and are not intended to imply any limitation on the scope of the disclosure.

[0047] As used herein, the term "comprising" and its variations are to be interpreted as open-ended terms meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" is to be interpreted as "at least partially based on". The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment". The term "another embodiment" is to be interpreted as "at least one other embodiment". The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation or being constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Furthermore, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides orientations or positional relationships; for example, the term "upper" may in some cases indicate a dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "installed", "set up", "equipped with", "connected", and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are mainly used to distinguish different devices, elements, or components (the specific types and structures may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0048] In CNC programming, the machine tool coordinate system is the reference coordinate system used to describe the machine tool. It typically uses the machine tool reference point (in this invention, the milling cutter reference point) as its origin, determining the direction and position of the X, Y, and Z axes. The workpiece (in this invention, this can be understood as the conical cylinder 10) coordinate system is a coordinate system relative to the machine tool coordinate system that describes the workpiece's position. In CNC programming, the workpiece is usually placed on the machine tool table, and a workpiece coordinate system is established to describe its position and shape (by measuring the workpiece's shape and creating a model in the machining system). By establishing the workpiece coordinate system, the cutting position and motion trajectory in the machining program can be accurately described.

[0049] In most CNC programming, a three-axis coordinate system (X, Y, Z) is often used to describe the movement of a machine tool (a milling cutter in this invention). By controlling the movement of these three axes, the machining of complex workpieces can be achieved.

[0050] In CNC programming, coordinate points represent the specific position of the milling cutter within the workpiece coordinate system during machining. When writing a CNC program, the position information of each coordinate point needs to be specified. Therefore, CNC programming coordinates are used to define the machining path and position of the CNC machine tool. When writing CNC programs, technicians need to select appropriate coordinate systems and reasonable coordinate points based on factors such as workpiece shape and machining method to achieve the desired machining effect.

[0051] The purpose of tool setting (in this invention, determining the coordinates of the first or second machining reference point by the milling cutter touching the first reference block 40, or determining the coordinates of the second machining reference point by the milling cutter touching the second reference block 50) is to establish the workpiece coordinate system. In simpler terms, tool setting establishes the position of the workpiece on the machine tool table; essentially, it involves determining the coordinates of the tool setting point in the machine tool coordinate system. For CNC lathes, before machining, the tool setting point (the coordinates of the first or second machining reference point in this invention) must first be selected. The tool setting point refers to the starting point of the tool's movement relative to the workpiece when machining it using a CNC machine tool.

[0052] During tool setting, the tool setting point should coincide with the tool setting point. The tool setting point refers to the tool's positioning reference point (in this invention, it can be understood as the first machining reference point and the second machining reference point). For most turning tools, the tool setting point is the tool tip. The purpose of tool setting is to determine the absolute coordinates of the tool setting point (or workpiece origin) in the machine tool coordinate system and to measure the tool position deviation. The accuracy of the tool setting point alignment directly affects the machining accuracy. In this invention, the tool or turning tool can be equivalent to a milling cutter.

[0053] In this invention, since the conical cylinder 10 is machined into an inclined conical cylinder 60, both ends of the conical cylinder 10 need to be milled into inclined end faces during the machining process. The machining steps are to first fix one end, machine the other end, and after the other end is machined, flip or rotate to interchange positions, fix one end, and then machine the other end. After rotating or flipping to interchange positions, the positioning reference point of the milling cutter during the original machining has changed. Because the transition cylinder (the transition shape from the conical cylinder 10 to the inclined conical cylinder 60) has an inclined outer surface, and the shape of the transition cylinder after the first machining is irregular, and the original fixed end and the machining end need to be interchanged during the machining process, the original reference point is no longer applicable to the machining of the transition cylinder (because the position of the transition cylinder has changed), and the reference point needs to be repositioned, which brings difficulties to the entire machining process.

[0054] This embodiment discloses a method for machining an inclined conical cylinder 60, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 8, Figure 9 As shown, the following steps may be included:

[0055] Step S11: Based on obtaining the positive conical cylinder 10, fix the first reference block 40 to the outer surface of the second processing part 12 of the positive conical cylinder 10;

[0056] Step S12: Fix the second machining part 12, move the milling cutter to touch the first reference block 40 to determine the coordinates of the first machining reference point, and then mill the first machining part 11 of the positive cone cylinder 10 until the first machining part 11 is milled into the first forming part 61; wherein, the outer surface of the first machining part 11 and the outer surface of the second machining part 12 are located on the same inclined plane, and the inner surface of the first machining part 11 and the inner surface of the second machining part 12 are located on the same inclined plane;

[0057] Step S13: Rotate and interchange the positions of the first forming part 61 and the second processing part 12, and then fix the first forming part 61;

[0058] Step S14: Move the milling cutter to touch the first reference block 40 to determine the coordinates of the second machining reference point, and then move the milling cutter to mill the second machining part 12 until the second machining part 12 is milled into the second forming part 62 to obtain the inclined cone cylinder 60.

[0059] In this embodiment, before machining, the conical cylinder 10 is measured for its length, width, height, and other relevant parameters, and a model identical to the conical cylinder 10 is obtained in the system. In this embodiment, a first reference block 40 is set on the outer surface of the conical cylinder 10. When milling the first machining part 11, the second machining part 12 is fixed, and a milling cutter touches the first reference block 40 to determine the coordinates of the first reference point. Then, the milling cutter is moved to the first machining part 11, and milling is performed on the first machining part 11 according to the installed program, ultimately obtaining the first forming part 61. Subsequently, the positions of the second machining part 12 and the first forming part 61 are rotated and interchanged. Then, the first forming part 61 is fixed, and a milling cutter touches the first reference block 40 to determine the coordinates of the second reference point, and milling is performed on the second machining part 12 to obtain the second forming part 62. Because the positions of the first forming part 61 and the second machining part 12 are interchanged, the second machining part 62... The coordinates of the point on part 12 are changed from (X, Y, Z) to (-X, -Y, -Z). This facilitates milling the second machining part 12. Simply touch the milling cutter to the rotated first reference block 40 to determine the second machining reference point. Adding a negative sign to the coordinates of the reference point in the program transforms (X, Y, Z) into (-X, -Y, -Z), corresponding to the second reference point on the rotated second machining part 12, thus enabling milling of the second machining part 12. Since the outer surface of the conical cylinder 10 is inclined, and the shape of the blank after the first machining is irregular, and the positions of the original fixed end and the machining end need to be swapped during machining, the position of the machining reference point is difficult to determine, leading to machining difficulties. In this embodiment, the method of changing the point on the first reference block 40 to the point on the first machining part 11 or the second machining part 12 is consistent with another machining method for the inclined conical cylinder 60 described below.

[0060] In this embodiment, as Figure 9 As shown, the rotation axis 70 and the flip axis 80 intersect at the midpoint (point O) of the center height line of the conical cylinder 10, and the rotation axis 70 and the flip axis 80 are perpendicular to each other and located in the same plane; in this invention, during the rotation of the second processing part 12, the rotation of its central axis can be understood as the central axis of the second processing part coinciding with the rotation axis 70, and rotating 180° in the plane determined by the rotation axis 70 and the flip axis 80 with point O as the center of rotation; the flip of the second processing part can be understood as the second processing part flipping 180° around the flip axis 80.

[0061] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the present invention also provides another method for processing an inclined conical cylinder 60, which includes the following steps.

[0062] Step K11: Based on obtaining the positive cone cylinder 10, the first reference block 40 and the second reference block 50 are fixed to the outer surface of the second processing part 12 of the positive cone cylinder 10 with the central section of the axial direction of the positive cone cylinder 10 as the mirror surface.

[0063] Step K12: Fix the second machining part 12, move the milling cutter to touch the first reference block 40 to determine the coordinates of the first machining reference point, and then mill the first machining part 11 of the positive cone cylinder 10 until the first machining part 11 is milled into the first forming part 61; wherein, the outer surface of the first machining part 11 and the outer surface of the second machining part 12 are located on the same inclined plane, and the inner surface of the first machining part 11 and the inner surface of the second machining part 12 are located on the same inclined plane;

[0064] Step K13: Flip and swap the positions of the first forming part 61 and the second processing part 12, and then fix the first forming part 61;

[0065] Step K14: Move the milling cutter to touch the second reference block 50 to determine the coordinates of the second machining reference point, and then move the milling cutter to mill the second machining part 12 until the second machining part 12 is milled into the second forming part 62 to obtain the inclined cone cylinder 60.

[0066] In this embodiment, the size and shape of the second reference block 50 are the same as those of the first reference block 40, and the connection method between the second processing unit 12 and the first processing unit 11 is also the same.

[0067] In this embodiment, based on the clamping method designed for the conical cylinder 10, the positions of the second machining part 12 and the first forming part 61 need to be swapped during the reprocessing process. Therefore, tool setting (i.e., re-determining the machining reference point) needs to be performed again. However, because there are no holes on the surface of the conical cylinder 10, and the surface curve of the transition cylinder is difficult to determine and calculate, it is difficult to select a reliable tool setting point on the transition cylinder. In this invention, this problem can be well solved by setting the first reference block 40 and the second reference block 50, for the following reasons:

[0068] The flipping of the second processing part 12 can be seen as the reversal of the positive and negative values ​​of the Z-axis (up and down) and Y-axis (front and back) in the coordinate system of the second processing part 12. The contact point between the first reference block 40 and the second processing part 12 and the contact point between the second reference block 50 and the second processing part 12 are symmetrical about the X-axis. After the positions of the second processing part 12 and the first forming part 61 are swapped, the contact point between the second reference block 50 and the second processing part 12 can be regarded as the X-axis of the contact point between the second processing part 12 and the first reference block 40 before the position was changed, which also resulted in the reversal of the positive and negative values. In other words, by flipping the second machining section 12 and having the milling cutter touch the second reference block 50 to determine the coordinates of the second machining reference point, a new coordinate system for the second machining section 12 can be established. Compared with the original workpiece coordinate system, the three coordinates (X, Y, Z) of all coordinate points on the second machining section 12 are inverted. That is, if the coordinates of the first machining reference point are considered as (X, Y, Z), the coordinates of the flipped second machining reference point are (-X, -Y, -Z). In this way, during the programming process, it is not necessary to measure the shape of the transition cylinder and remodel it, nor is it necessary to reprogram. It is only necessary to add a positive-to-negative conversion instruction to the machine tool program, and the coordinate points established by the system can be changed from (X, Y, Z) to (-X, -Y, -Z), which can correspond to the coordinates of the flipped second machining section 12, thereby realizing the machining of the transition cylinder. This method of finding the second machining reference point is very simple to operate, greatly reducing the workload and lowering the difficulty.

[0069] In this embodiment, in step K11, after obtaining the conical cylinder 10, the relevant parameters of the conical cylinder 10, such as its length, width, and height, are measured and input into the machining system. Subsequently, the conical cylinder 10 is modeled, ensuring that a model with the same shape as the conical cylinder 10 exists in the machining program. In this embodiment, the method for fixing the first reference block 40 and the second reference block 50 can be as follows: first, the conical cylinder 10 is fixed on the turntable, and then the first reference block 40 is pasted and fixed to the outer surface of the second machining part 12 of the conical cylinder 10, such as... Figure 5 , Figure 8As shown, in this embodiment, point B of the first reference block 40 can be bonded and fixed to the outer surface of the second processing part 12. To ensure the bonding strength of the first reference block 40, an adhesive can be added accordingly to fill the space between the first reference block 40 and the second processing part 12, thereby further enhancing the bonding force between the first reference block 40 and the second processing part 12. In addition to bonding the first reference block 40 and the second reference block 50, in this embodiment, the first reference block 40 can also be fixed by welding. The size of the weld point can be adjusted as needed. Without affecting the overall strength, shape, and accuracy requirements of the conical cylinder 10, the weld point is sufficient to meet the positioning requirements of the first reference block 40. To facilitate the determination of the coordinates of the first processing reference point, in this embodiment, the first reference block 40 can be set as a cube with a side length of H3, and point B is located at the center of one side of its length. When bonding the first reference block 40, the plane containing the central axis of the conical cylinder 10 can pass through point B, and the upper surface of the first reference block 40 can be parallel to the horizontal section of the conical cylinder 10, which is perpendicular to the central axis of the conical cylinder 10. This is done so that during machining, the vertex where the milling cutter touches the first reference block 40 or the point where the second reference block 50 touches the milling cutter can be converted into a point on the outer surface of the second machining part 12, thereby determining the coordinates of the first machining reference point and the second machining reference point.

[0070] In this embodiment, after the first reference block 40 is bonded and fixed, the contact point between the first reference block 40 and the second processing part 12 can be touched by the pin of a dial indicator, and the dial indicator can be fixed in place. Then, the turntable is controlled to rotate 180°, and the conical cylinder 10 also rotates 180°. The position pointed to by the pin is the contact point where the second reference block 50 and the second processing part 12 are bonded and fixed. In this embodiment, the method of bonding and fixing the second reference block 50 and the second processing part 12 is the same as the method of bonding and fixing the first reference block 40 and the second processing part 12. Furthermore, after the first reference block 40 and the second reference block 50 are bonded and fixed, they are mirror-fixed to the outer surface of the second processing part 12 of the conical cylinder 10 with the central section of the axial direction of the conical cylinder 10 as the mirror plane.

[0071] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown in step K12, after the first reference block 40 and the second reference block 50 are fixed on the outer surface of the second processing part 12, the second processing part 12 can be located below the first processing part 11, and in order to facilitate the processing of the positive cone cylinder 10, the positive cone cylinder 10 can be set upright.

[0072] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 , Figure 8As shown, in step S2, the milling cutter touches the first reference block 40 to determine the coordinates of the first machining reference point. Specifically, after the milling cutter touches point A of the first reference block 40, the coordinates of point A are determined to be (X, Y, Z). After conversion, the coordinates of the first machining reference point are (X-0.5H3, Y-H3, Z-H3). Then, the first machining part 11 of the positive cone cylinder 10 is milled until the first machining part 11 is milled into the first forming part 61. In this embodiment, the milling of the first machining part 11 can first mill the end of the first machining part 11 to form a first inclined surface, and then mill the inner and outer surfaces of the remaining part of the first machining part 11 to finally obtain the first forming part 61. However, in addition to this embodiment, the milling sequence can be set as needed. As long as the first machining part 11 can be milled into the first forming part 61, it can be the milling method of the present invention. When the second machining section 12 and the first forming section 61 are swapped and flipped, the coordinates of the contact point between the milling cutter and the second reference block 50 and the second machining section 12, relative to the coordinates of the contact point between the first reference block 40 and the second machining section 12 before the second machining section 12 is flipped, change from (X-0.5H3, Y-H3, Z-H3) to {-(X-0.5H3), -(Y-H3), -(Z-H3)}. Since the model has been built according to the shape of the positive cone, the contact points between the first reference block 40 and the second reference block 50 and the positive cone body 10 can also be determined in the system construction model. Furthermore, since the coordinates of the contact point between the second reference block 50 and the second machining section 12 after the flip are opposite to the original coordinates of the contact point between the first reference block 40 and the second machining section 12, a positive cone body 10 with positive and negative coordinate point conversion can be obtained in the system based on the second machining reference point determined by the second reference block 50, thereby facilitating the machining of the second machining section 12. In this embodiment, the method by which the milling cutter contacts the second reference block 50 to determine the second machining reference point is the same as the method by which the first machining reference point is determined, and will not be described in detail here.

[0073] In this embodiment, the milling cutter can be configured to process the second machining section 12 as needed. For example, the second inclined surface can be machined first, and then the inner and outer surfaces of the second machining section 12 can be milled.

[0074] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the specific method for fixing the second processing unit 12 in step S12 or K12 is as follows:

[0075] The first pressure plate 20 is sleeved on the second processing part 12, and the cylindrical surface of the second processing part 12 is clamped by a chuck, wherein the cylindrical surface of the second processing part 12 is located at the end of the second processing part 12, and the first reference block 40 is located between the first pressure plate 20 and the chuck.

[0076] Based on the chuck clamping the cylindrical surface of the second processing part 12, a first pressure is applied to the first pressure plate 20 along the central axis of the positive conical cylinder 10, so that the inner surface of the first pressure plate 20 is interference-fitted with a portion of the outer surface of the second processing part 12, and then the position of the second processing part 12 is fixed.

[0077] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the first pressure is F1, and the force of the chuck clamping the second machining part 12 is F2. By setting a cylindrical surface of a certain height on the end face of the second machining part 12, a better clamping effect can be achieved when the cylindrical surface of the second machining part 12 is clamped by the chuck. Furthermore, by further clamping the second machining part 12 by the first pressure plate 20, displacement of the second machining part 12 can be avoided due to milling of the first machining part 11 by the milling cutter, thereby ensuring machining accuracy. In this embodiment, the inner surface of the first pressure plate 20 can be further set as an inclined slope, and its inclination angle is the same as the inclination of the outer surface of the second machining part 12. This allows the inner surface of the first pressure plate 20 to have an interference fit with part of the outer surface of the second machining part 12, and the contact surface is maximized. While ensuring that the first pressure plate 20 fixes the second machining part 12, it can also prevent the part of the second machining part 12 in contact with the first pressure plate 20 from being subjected to excessive pressure and causing local deformation.

[0078] In this embodiment, by setting a first reference block 40 and / or a second reference block 50 on the outer surface of the conical cylinder 10, when it is necessary to mill the first machining part 11, the second machining part 12 is fixed, and the milling cutter touches the first reference block 40 to determine the first machining reference point. Then, the milling cutter is moved to the first machining part 11, and the first machining part 11 is milled according to the set program to finally obtain the first forming part 61. Subsequently, the second machining part 12 and the first forming part 61 are rotated or flipped so that the positions of the second machining part 12 and the first forming part 61 are aligned. The positions are reversed, and then the first forming part 61 is fixed. The first reference block 40 or the second reference block 50 is touched with a milling cutter to determine the second machining reference point. The second machining part 12 is then machined to obtain the second forming part 62, and finally the required oblique cone cylinder 60 is obtained. This solves the problem that the outer surface of the positive cone cylinder 10 is oblique, and the shape of the transition cylinder after the first machining is irregular. Moreover, the positions of the original fixed end and the machining end need to be reversed during the machining process, making it difficult to determine the position of the machining reference point, which in turn causes machining difficulties.

[0079] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the first reference block 40 is cube-shaped, and the contact point between the first reference block 40 and the second processing part 12 is the midpoint of the edge of the first reference block 40.

[0080] In this embodiment, by setting the shape of the first reference block 40 to a cube, it is convenient to determine the first processing reference point and the second processing reference point. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the volume ratio of the first reference block 40 to the conical cylinder 10 can be set within a reasonable range, within which the processing error is also within an allowable range.

[0081] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 As shown, in step S12 or K12:

[0082] The contact point between the milling cutter and the first reference block 40 is a vertex of the first reference block 40;

[0083] The end face of the first forming part 61 away from the second processing part 12 is a first inclined surface.

[0084] In this embodiment, the milling cutter touches point A on the first reference block 40, and the first machining reference point is determined by converting point A. Then, the first machining part 11 is milled until it is milled into the first forming part 61. The end of the first forming part 61 furthest from the second machining part 12 is a first inclined surface. In this embodiment, since the outer surface of the first machining part 11 is curved, it is difficult to determine the reference point on the outer surface of the first machining part 11. Furthermore, even if the reference point is determined, it may be inaccurate. Therefore, setting the first reference block 40 facilitates the milling cutter finding a more accurate reference point. In this embodiment, the milling of the first machining part 11 can first mill out the first inclined surface, and then further mill the inner and outer surfaces of the first machining part 11 to remove excess material. This method can reduce the movement path of the milling cutter while ensuring milling effect, thereby improving processing efficiency. Additionally, it can save costs from a cost perspective.

[0085] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, step S13 specifically involves:

[0086] Based on the first processing part 11 being milled into the first forming part 61; the positions of the first forming part 61 and the second processing part 12 are rotated and interchanged;

[0087] The second pressure plate 30 is sleeved on the first forming part 61 and the first forming part 61 is clamped with a chuck. Then, a second pressure is applied to the second pressure plate 30 along the axial direction of the first forming part 61, so that the second pressure plate 30 and the first forming part 61 are interference-fitted. Then, the position of the first forming part 61 is fixed.

[0088] In this embodiment, as Figure 3As shown, the force applied by the chuck to the first forming part 61 is F4, and the force applied to the second pressure plate 30 is F3. The force of F3 can be applied by using a jack to apply a force of the magnitude of F3. Furthermore, the maximum inner circumference of the second pressure plate 30 and the first forming part 61 is smaller than the maximum inner circumference of the first pressure plate 20 and the second processing part 12.

[0089] In some embodiments, step K13 specifically includes:

[0090] Based on the first processing part 11 being milled into the first forming part 61; the positions of the first forming part 61 and the second processing part 12 are flipped and interchanged;

[0091] The second pressure plate 30 is sleeved on the first forming part 61 and the first forming part 61 is clamped with a chuck. Then, a second pressure is applied to the second pressure plate 30 along the axial direction of the first forming part 61, so that the second pressure plate 30 and the first forming part 61 are interference-fitted. Then, the position of the first forming part 61 is fixed.

[0092] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 As shown, the force applied by the chuck to the first forming part 61 is F4, and the force applied to the second pressure plate 30 is F3. The force of F3 can be applied by using a jack to apply a force of the magnitude of F3. Furthermore, the maximum inner circumference of the second pressure plate 30 and the first forming part 61 is smaller than the maximum inner circumference of the first pressure plate 20 and the second processing part 12.

[0093] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the end of the second processing part 12 away from the first processing part 11 is the end with the largest diameter of the positive conical cylinder 10; the end of the first processing part 11 away from the second processing part 12 is the end with the smallest diameter of the positive conical cylinder 10.

[0094] In this embodiment, by first fixing the large-diameter end of the conical cylinder 10 and then machining the small-diameter end, the chuck can better engage with the cylindrical surface on the second machining part 12, resulting in a better clamping effect. Furthermore, by first fixing the large-diameter end of the conical cylinder 10 and then milling the small-diameter end, the second machining part 12 can apply a vertically downward force to the second pressure plate 30 when supporting the second machining part 12. Since the minimum outer circumference of the second machining part 12 is larger than the maximum outer circumference of the first forming part 61, the second pressure plate 30 provides better support for the second forming part 62, preventing the second pressure plate 30 from disengaging from the first forming part 61. Moreover, it facilitates adjusting the height of the end face of the second machining part 12 from the support surface (the surface on which the machine tool supports the second machining part 12 when machining the first machining part 11), ensuring that the distance between the second machining part 12 and the support surface is consistent with the height of the conical cylinder 10.

[0095] In some other embodiments, the largest end of the conical cylinder 10 may be milled first, and then the smallest end of the conical cylinder 10 may be milled. The fixing method is as described above. However, when milling the smallest end of the conical cylinder 10 while fixing the largest end of the conical cylinder 10, a certain support may be selected to support the first formed part 61 after milling.

[0096] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, step S14 specifically involves:

[0097] Since the position of the first forming part 61 is fixed, the milling cutter is moved to touch the first reference block 40 to determine the coordinates of the second machining reference point; wherein, the contact point between the milling cutter and the first reference block 40 is a vertex of the first reference block 40;

[0098] Based on the coordinates of the second machining reference point, the milling cutter is then moved to mill the second machining part 12 until the second machining part 12 is milled into the second forming part 62, wherein the end face of the second forming part 62 away from the first forming part 61 is the second inclined surface, thus obtaining the inclined cone cylinder 60.

[0099] In this embodiment, the system determines the coordinates of the second machining reference point by having the milling cutter contact the rotated first reference block 40, and then mills the second machining part 12 into the second forming part 62. This solves the problem of finding the reference point when machining a conical cylinder, and also greatly improves machining efficiency. In this embodiment, the milling of the second machining part 12 can first mill out the second inclined surface, and then further mill the inner and outer surfaces of the second machining part 12 to remove excess material. This allows for a smaller movement path of the milling cutter while ensuring milling effect, thereby improving machining efficiency. Additionally, it also saves costs from a cost perspective.

[0100] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, step K14 specifically involves:

[0101] Since the position of the first forming part 61 is fixed, the milling cutter is moved to touch the second reference block 50 to determine the coordinates of the second machining reference point; wherein, the contact point between the milling cutter and the second reference block 50 is a vertex of the first reference block 40;

[0102] Based on the coordinates of the second machining reference point, the milling cutter is then moved to mill the second machining part 12 until the second machining part 12 is milled into the second forming part 62, wherein the end face of the second forming part 62 away from the first forming part 61 is the second inclined surface, thus obtaining the inclined cone cylinder 60.

[0103] In this embodiment, the system determines the coordinates of the second machining reference point by having the milling cutter contact the rotated second reference block 50, and then mills the second machining part 12 into the second forming part 62. This solves the problem of finding the reference point when machining a conical cylinder, and also greatly improves machining efficiency. In this embodiment, the milling of the second machining part 12 can first mill out the second inclined surface, and then further mill the inner and outer surfaces of the second machining part 12 to remove excess material. This allows for a smaller movement path of the milling cutter while ensuring milling effect, thereby improving machining efficiency. Additionally, it also saves costs from a cost perspective.

[0104] The distance between the first reference block 40 and the second reference block 50 and the end face of the second processing part 12 is H, where H = (H1-H2) / 2; where H1 is the height of the positive cone cylinder 10 and H2 is the height of the oblique cone cylinder 60.

[0105] In this embodiment, H = (H1 - H2) / 2; where H1 is the height of the positive cone cylinder 10 and H2 is the height of the oblique cone cylinder 60. This allows for a quicker determination of the first reference block 40 located on the inclined portion to be milled in the second processing section 12, thereby ensuring that the final processed oblique cone cylinder does not contain the first reference block 40 and does not require further processing of the first reference block 40, thus improving milling efficiency.

[0106] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, the inclination angle of the first and second inclined planes is α, where 18°≤α≤25°. In a preferred embodiment, α can be equal to 20°. However, in some embodiments, the first and second inclined planes can be machined with other inclination angles as needed.

[0107] In some embodiments, 20m / min≤V≤30m / min, 1mm≤D≤2mm, 0.05mm≤M≤0.15mm / r, can ensure the machining speed while also ensuring a relatively regular milled surface, thereby obtaining the required oblique cone cylinder 60.

[0108] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific examples of implementing this disclosure, and in practical applications, various changes can be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for machining an inclined conical cylinder, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S11: Based on obtaining the positive cone cylinder, fix the first reference block to the outer surface of the second processing part of the positive cone cylinder; Step S12: Fix the second machining part, move the milling cutter to touch the first reference block to determine the coordinates of the first machining reference point, and then mill the first machining part of the positive cone cylinder until the first machining part is milled into the first forming part; wherein, the outer surface of the first machining part and the outer surface of the second machining part are located on the same inclined plane, and the inner surface of the first machining part and the inner surface of the second machining part are located on the same inclined plane. Step S13: Rotate and interchange the positions of the first forming part and the second processing part, and then fix the first forming part; Step S14: Move the milling cutter to touch the first reference block to determine the coordinates of the second machining reference point, and then move the milling cutter to mill the second machining part until the second machining part is milled into the second forming part to obtain the inclined cone cylinder.

2. The method for processing a tapered cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S12, the method of fixing the second processing part is specifically as follows: The first pressure plate is sleeved on the second processing part, and the cylindrical surface of the second processing part is clamped by a chuck, wherein the cylindrical surface of the second processing part is located at the end of the second processing part, and the first reference block is located between the first pressure plate and the chuck; Based on the cylindrical surface of the second processing part clamped by the chuck, a first pressure is applied to the first pressure plate along the central axis of the positive conical cylinder, so that the inner surface of the first pressure plate is interference-fitted with part of the outer surface of the second processing part, and then the position of the second processing part is fixed.

3. The method for processing a tapered cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first reference block is cube-shaped, and the contact point between the first reference block and the second processing part is the midpoint of the edge of the first reference block.

4. The method for processing a tapered cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S12: The contact point between the milling cutter and the first reference block is a vertex of the first reference block; The end face of the first forming part away from the second processing part is a first inclined surface.

5. The method for processing a tapered cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S13 is as follows: Based on the first processing part being milled into a first forming part; the positions of the first forming part and the second processing part are rotated and interchanged; The second pressure plate is sleeved on the first forming part and the first forming part is clamped with a chuck. Then, a second pressure is applied to the second pressure plate along the axial direction of the first forming part, so that the second pressure plate is interference-fitted with the first forming part, and then the position of the first forming part is fixed.

6. The method for processing a tapered cylinder according to claim 5, characterized in that, The end of the second processing section away from the first processing section is the end with the largest diameter of the positive cone cylinder; the end of the first processing section away from the second processing section is the end with the smallest diameter of the positive cone cylinder.

7. A method for processing an inclined conical cylinder according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S14 is as follows: Since the position of the first forming part is fixed, the milling cutter is moved to touch the first reference block to determine the coordinates of the second machining reference point; wherein, the contact point between the milling cutter and the first reference block is a vertex of the first reference block; Based on the coordinates of the second machining reference point, the milling cutter is then moved to mill the second machining part until the second machining part is milled into the second forming part, wherein the end face of the second forming part away from the first forming part is the second inclined surface, thus obtaining an inclined cone cylinder.

8. A method for machining an inclined conical cylinder, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step K11: Based on obtaining the positive cone cylinder, fix the first reference block and the second reference block to the outer surface of the second processing part of the positive cone cylinder, respectively, with the central section of the positive cone cylinder in the axial direction as the mirror surface; Step K12: Fix the second machining part, move the milling cutter to touch the first reference block to determine the coordinates of the first machining reference point, and then mill the first machining part of the positive cone cylinder until the first machining part is milled into the first forming part; wherein, the outer surface of the first machining part and the outer surface of the second machining part are located on the same inclined plane, and the inner surface of the first machining part and the inner surface of the second machining part are located on the same inclined plane. Step K13: Flip and swap the positions of the first forming part and the second processing part, and then fix the first forming part; Step K14: Move the milling cutter to touch the second reference block to determine the coordinates of the second machining reference point, and then move the milling cutter to mill the second machining part until the second machining part is milled into the second forming part to obtain the inclined cone cylinder.

9. A method for processing a tapered cylinder according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step K12, the method of fixing the second processing part is as follows: The first pressure plate is sleeved on the second processing part, and the cylindrical surface of the second processing part is clamped by a chuck, wherein the cylindrical surface of the second processing part is located at the end of the second processing part, and the first reference block is located between the first pressure plate and the chuck; Based on the cylindrical surface of the second processing part clamped by the chuck, a first pressure is applied to the first pressure plate along the central axis of the positive conical cylinder, so that the inner surface of the first pressure plate is interference-fitted with part of the outer surface of the second processing part, and then the position of the second processing part is fixed.

10. A method for processing a tapered cylinder according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first reference block is cube-shaped, and the contact point between the first reference block and the second processing part is the midpoint of the edge of the first reference block.

11. A method for processing a tapered cylinder according to claim 10, characterized in that, In step K12: The contact point between the milling cutter and the first reference block is a vertex of the first reference block; The end face of the first forming part away from the second processing part is a first inclined surface.

12. The method for processing a tapered cylinder according to claim 11, characterized in that, Step K13 is as follows: Based on the first machining part being milled into a first forming part; the positions of the first forming part and the second machining part are flipped and interchanged; The second pressure plate is sleeved on the first forming part and the first forming part is clamped with a chuck. Then, a second pressure is applied to the second pressure plate along the axial direction of the first forming part, so that the second pressure plate is interference-fitted with the first forming part, and then the position of the first forming part is fixed.

13. The method for processing a tapered cylinder according to claim 12, characterized in that, The end of the second processing section away from the first processing section is the end with the largest diameter of the positive cone cylinder; the end of the first processing section away from the second processing section is the end with the smallest diameter of the positive cone cylinder.

14. A method for machining an inclined conical cylinder according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step K14 is as follows: Since the position of the first forming part is fixed, the milling cutter is moved to touch the second reference block to determine the coordinates of the second machining reference point; wherein, the contact point between the milling cutter and the second reference block is a vertex of the first reference block; Based on the coordinates of the second machining reference point, the milling cutter is then moved to mill the second machining part until the second machining part is milled into the second forming part, wherein the end face of the second forming part away from the first forming part is the second inclined surface, thus obtaining an inclined cone cylinder.

Images