Thermal barrier coating, coating and method for producing same

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of heat-proof and heat-insulating coating, coating and preparation method thereof, it is related to heat-proof and heat-insulating coating field.The application mixes and solidifies self-made function modified lightweight heat-insulating filler with porcelain filler and photosensitive modified matrix film-forming substance, and obtains heat-proof and heat-insulating coating.The coating obtained from the prepared coating is based on function modified lightweight heat-insulating filler, can realize large-size coating forming uniformity forming, and high-strength combination with base material on the basis of maintaining excellent three-dimensional structure and performance, and improves the temperature-resistant and heat-insulating performance of material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat-insulating coatings, specifically to a heat-insulating coating, a coating layer, and a method for preparing the same. Background Technology

[0002] Thermal insulation coatings have important applications in high-temperature insulation, providing thermal protection for the outer surface of materials. As a special type of thermal insulation coating, ablation coatings achieve thermal protection by dissipating heat through the thermal degradation or ablation of the coating itself or the resulting coating layer. Generally, for ablation-type thermal insulation materials to achieve good heat protection and insulation performance, they need to have sufficient ablation components to dissipate heat through mass ejection, and sufficient thickness to provide thermal insulation protection for the substrate.

[0003] Unlike general paint films and other functional coatings, ablative coatings typically have a high thermal conductivity (~0.15 W / (m·K)) to achieve thermal protection in prolonged aerobic environments. This necessitates a certain thickness (generally 3-5 mm) to achieve good protective effects, reducing coating formation efficiency. Furthermore, to achieve effective heat dissipation, their composition is usually complex, generally including organic ablative components, carbon-forming components, inorganic components, and functional components. These components have significant differences in properties and poor compatibility, easily leading to defects such as orange peel and pinholes due to uneven local aggregation during the actual coating process, hindering rapid, large-area coating and application. In addition, due to the properties of the coating substrate, the adhesion between the coating and the base material is generally low, making it susceptible to airflow erosion. In practical applications, an additional primer is often added to enhance adhesion, increasing the coating application process. Therefore, in response to the current problems of large thickness of ablation heat-insulating coatings, large-size coating uniformity and one-time molding precision control, by optimizing the coating formula and combining it with a certain coating process, large-size uniform ultra-thin heat-insulating coatings can be formed, and large-size ultra-thin heat-insulating coating materials can be prepared. This is of great significance for the research and development of high-temperature thermal protection materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heat-insulating coating, a coating layer, and a method for preparing the same, to solve the problems of large thickness (generally >1mm), difficulty in uniformity of large-size coating molding, and difficulty in controlling the precision of one-time molding in current ablation heat-insulating coatings. This heat-insulating coating uses a self-made "paramecium"-type functionally modified lightweight heat-insulating filler to replace traditional hollow microspheres, high-emissivity powders, carbon-forming components, fiber and whisker-reinforced fillers, etc., integrating heat insulation, lightweight, reinforcement, high emissivity, and carbon-forming ablation components. By reducing the thermal conductivity of the coating, the coating thickness is reduced (~1mm), and the overall compatibility between the coating base and the filler is improved. The coating method is simple, and the one-time molding quality is high, showing significant application prospects in the field of heat-insulating coatings.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The present invention provides a method for preparing a heat-insulating coating in a first aspect, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) First, short rod-shaped hollow quartz microspheres are prepared; then, a layer of infrared high emissivity material is coated on the surface of the microspheres, dried and then shaken to obtain the substrate material; catalyst particles are loaded on the substrate material, and then nano-carbon materials are grown, dried and then shaken to obtain the substrate material; then, photosensitizers are loaded on the surface of the substrate material to obtain functional modified lightweight heat insulation filler.

[0008] (2) According to the mass fraction, 10-80 parts of functional modified lightweight heat insulation filler, 15-50 parts of ceramic filler and 60-120 parts of matrix film-forming material are mixed evenly to prepare heat insulation coating base material.

[0009] (3) Add curing agent, photoinitiator and diluent to the heat insulation coating base, stir and mix evenly to obtain heat insulation coating.

[0010] Preferably, in step (1), the short rod-shaped hollow quartz microspheres have a diameter of 50–100 μm, a length of 100–200 μm, and a density of 0.03–0.08 g / cm³. 3 .

[0011] Preferably, in step (1), the infrared high emissivity material is one or more of silicon carbide, spinel ferrite, cerium oxide, and yttrium oxide, with a coating thickness of 1 to 10 μm.

[0012] Preferably, the catalyst in step (1) is one or more of a salt and a metal cluster, wherein the salt and the metal cluster each contain at least one element of iron, cobalt, and nickel, and the catalyst loading is 0.05% to 2% of the mass of the substrate material.

[0013] Preferably, the size of the carbon nanomaterial grown in step (1) is 10 to 50 μm.

[0014] Preferably, the photosensitizer in step (1) is one of benzophenone, biphenyl ketone, and mifepristone, and the loading amount is 5 to 10% of the mass of the substrate material.

[0015] Preferably, in step (1), the particles are broken up by ball milling.

[0016] Preferably, the ceramic filler in step (2) is a compound of one or more of nano-silica aerogel, nano-alumina, mica powder, and talc powder with one or more of sodium oxide powder, potassium oxide powder, boron oxide powder, iron oxide powder, phosphorus oxide powder, zinc oxide powder, manganese oxide powder, and zirconium oxide powder.

[0017] Preferably, the particle size of the ceramic filler in step (2) is ≥100 mesh.

[0018] Preferably, in step (2), the matrix film-forming material is one or more of the following: modified silicone rubber containing photosensitive prepolymer, silicone resin containing photosensitive prepolymer, epoxy resin containing photosensitive prepolymer, and phenolic resin containing photosensitive prepolymer. The photosensitive prepolymer is one or more of the following: polyurethane, unsaturated polyester, and acrylic resin.

[0019] Preferably, in step (2), during mixing, the viscosity is adjusted by adding 10% to 30% of the total mass of solvent, which is one or more of cyclohexane, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, petroleum ether, No. 60 solvent oil, and No. 120 solvent oil.

[0020] Preferably, in step (2), the functional modified lightweight thermal insulation filler is 15-65 parts, the ceramic filler is 25-35 parts, and the matrix film-forming material is 70-110 parts.

[0021] Preferably, the curing agent in step (3) is one of organotin, amine, or organic base. The curing agent is selected according to the substrate film-forming material used, and the amount of curing agent added is calculated as 1%-10% of the mass of the substrate film-forming material.

[0022] Preferably, the photoinitiator in step (3) is one of benzophenone, acetophenone, benzoin, or benzoin derivatives, and the amount added is calculated as 2% to 5% of the matrix film-forming material.

[0023] Preferably, after the curing agent is added and mixed evenly in step (3), the coating should be used within 2 to 5 hours depending on the curing system.

[0024] Preferably, the diluent in step (3) is one or more of ethanol, methanol, and n-pentanol, mixed with one or more of acetone, cyclohexane, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, toluene, xylene, petroleum ether, No. 60 solvent oil, and No. 120 solvent oil.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a heat-insulating coating prepared by the method described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0026] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a heat-insulating coating formed by the heat-insulating paint prepared by the method described in the first aspect of the present invention. The preparation steps of the coating include: diluting the prepared paint with a thinner to a suitable viscosity, using a suitable brushing method to complete the entire brushing process on the substrate material, and obtaining a large-size ultra-thin heat-insulating coating after drying.

[0027] Preferably, the coating method is scraping or spraying.

[0028] Preferably, the drying method is air drying at room temperature and normal pressure, combined with ultraviolet irradiation, for 2-4 days.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the method of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) The large-size ultra-thin heat-insulating coating prepared by the present invention uses a self-made "paramecium" type functional modified lightweight heat-insulating filler to replace the traditional hollow microspheres, high emissivity powder, carbon-forming components, fiber and whisker reinforced fillers. It integrates heat insulation, lightweight, reinforcement, high emissivity and carbon-forming ablation components to achieve functional integration and greatly simplify the composition of the coating. At the same time, the functional integrated filler can significantly reduce the thermal conductivity of the coating through ablation heat absorption, melting heat absorption, infrared emission heat dissipation and hollow heat insulation. This reduces the thickness of the ablation coating and can reduce the thickness of the traditional coating by more than 50%, realizing the preparation of large-size coatings with a thickness of less than 1 mm.

[0031] (2) The large-size ultra-thin heat-insulating coating prepared by the present invention uses a self-made matrix film-forming material containing photosensitive prepolymer. In addition to normal curing and cross-linking, the coating is further cross-linked by means of photocuring to improve the coating strength and shape retention, and ensure that the coating still has good heat-insulating performance under thin conditions.

[0032] (3) The mixing method of the large-size ultra-thin heat-insulating coating prepared by the present invention is simple, the finished product is uniform and stable, the overall uniformity and smoothness of the prepared heat insulation layer are good, and the density is low (less than 0.5 g / cm³). 3 It has a room temperature thermal conductivity of 0.04-0.08 W / (m·K), a room temperature pull-out strength ≥1MPa, a temperature resistance ≥1000℃, a service life ≥60s, can maintain a low mass burn-off rate during service, can effectively reduce the coating surface density, meet the lightweight requirements of heat insulation materials, and has a simple coating process, which is of great significance for the research and development of high temperature heat protection materials. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the various technical features, advantages, or effects of the present invention more apparent and understandable, detailed descriptions are provided below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0034] Example 1:

[0035] (1) First, short rod-shaped hollow quartz microspheres with a diameter of 50 μm and a length of 100 μm were prepared. A layer of silicon carbide material with a diameter of 5 μm was deposited on the outer surface of the microspheres. After drying into blocks, the material was shaken and dispersed into a monodisperse state. Then, 1% by mass of ferric chloride salt was loaded onto the surface of the material. After that, a layer of nano-carbon material was grown by chemical vapor deposition. By controlling the reaction conditions, the size of the grown nano-carbon material was 20-30 μm. The material was then shaken and dispersed to obtain the substrate material. Finally, 5% by mass of benzophenone was loaded onto the surface of the substrate material to obtain a functional modified lightweight thermal insulation filler.

[0036] (2) Mix 80g of functional modified lightweight heat insulation filler, 50g of ceramic filler (10g nano alumina, 10g mica powder, 10g boron oxide, 10g potassium oxide and 10g zirconium oxide) with 120g of modified room temperature vulcanizing silicone rubber (containing 20% ​​polyurethane by mass) evenly, add 50g cyclohexane to adjust the viscosity during mixing, and prepare the heat insulation coating base material.

[0037] (3) Add 6g of dibutyltin dilaurate and 2.4g of benzophenone to the above heat-insulating coating base, stir and mix evenly to obtain the heat-insulating coating.

[0038] The above coating was diluted with cyclohexane, then applied to a 5mm thick coated component, dried at room temperature, and simultaneously irradiated with ultraviolet light for 3 days before relevant tests were conducted.

[0039] Product performance test: The density of the prepared coating is 0.45 g / cm³. 3 The room temperature thermal conductivity is 0.053 W / (m·K), the greenhouse tensile strength is 2.5 MPa, it can withstand an oxyacetylene test at 1000℃ for 100 s, and the mass ablation rate is 3.5 × 10⁻⁶. -4 g / s, and the outer surface of the coating remains intact after the test.

[0040] Example 2:

[0041] (1) First, short rod-shaped hollow quartz microspheres with a diameter of 100 μm and a length of 200 μm were prepared. A 10 μm layer of yttrium oxide material was deposited on the outer surface of the microspheres. After drying into blocks, the material was shaken and dispersed into a monodisperse state. Then, 2% nickel nitrate was loaded onto the surface of the material. A layer of nano-carbon material was grown by chemical vapor deposition. By controlling the reaction conditions, the size of the grown nano-carbon material was 40-50 μm. The material was then shaken and dispersed to obtain the substrate material. Finally, 10% biphenyl amide was loaded onto the surface of the substrate material to obtain a functional modified lightweight thermal insulation filler.

[0042] (2) Mix 80g of functional modified lightweight heat insulation filler, 40g of ceramic filler (20g of nano alumina, 5g of mica powder, 5g of boron oxide, 5g of potassium oxide and 5g of zirconium oxide) with 100g of modified organosilicon resin (containing 30% polyacrylic acid resin by mass) evenly, add 60g of ethyl acetate to adjust the viscosity during mixing, and prepare the heat insulation coating base material.

[0043] (3) Add 5g of tetramethylammonium hydroxide and 2.4g of benzophenone to the above heat-insulating coating base, stir and mix evenly to obtain the heat-insulating coating.

[0044] The above coating was diluted with No. 120 solvent oil, then coated onto the component to a thickness of 5 mm. It was dried at room temperature and simultaneously irradiated with ultraviolet light for 3 days before relevant tests were conducted.

[0045] Product performance test: The density of the prepared coating is 0.43 g / cm³. 3 The room temperature thermal conductivity is 0.063 W / (m·K), the greenhouse tensile strength is 2.7 MPa, it can withstand an oxyacetylene test at 1000℃ for 100 s, and the mass ablation rate is 4.2 × 10⁻⁶. -4 g / s, and the outer surface of the coating remains intact after the test.

[0046] Example 3:

[0047] (1) First, short rod-shaped hollow quartz microspheres with a diameter of 50 μm and a length of 100 μm were prepared. A 1 μm layer of cerium oxide material was deposited on the outer surface of the microspheres. After drying into blocks, the microspheres were shaken and dispersed into a monodisperse state. Then, 0.05% cobalt tungstate was loaded onto the surface of the microspheres. A layer of carbon nanomaterial was grown by chemical vapor deposition. By controlling the reaction conditions, the size of the grown carbon nanomaterial was made to be 10 μm. The material was then shaken and dispersed to obtain the substrate material. Finally, 5% Mischel ketone was loaded onto the surface of the substrate material to obtain a functional modified lightweight thermal insulation filler.

[0048] (2) Mix 10g of functional modified lightweight heat insulation filler, 15g of ceramic filler (5g of nano alumina, 3g of mica powder, boron 2, 2g of potassium oxide, 2g of zirconium oxide and 1g of phosphorus oxide) with 60g of phenolic resin (containing 30% polyacrylic acid resin by mass) evenly, and add 8.5g of petroleum ether to adjust the viscosity during mixing to prepare the heat insulation coating base material;

[0049] (3) Add 7.2g of hexamethylenetetramine and 1.2g of acetophenone to the above heat-insulating coating base, stir and mix evenly to obtain the heat-insulating coating.

[0050] The above coating was diluted with No. 120 solvent oil, then coated onto the component to a thickness of 5 mm. It was dried at room temperature and simultaneously irradiated with ultraviolet light for 3 days before relevant tests were conducted.

[0051] Product performance test: The density of the prepared coating is 0.35 g / cm³. 3 The room temperature thermal conductivity is 0.045 W / (m·K), the greenhouse tensile strength is 1.7 MPa, it can withstand an oxyacetylene test at 1000℃ for 100 s, and the mass ablation rate is 2.1 × 10⁻⁶. -4 g / s, and the outer surface of the coating remains intact after the test.

[0052] Example 4:

[0053] (1) First, short rod-shaped hollow quartz microspheres with a diameter of 50 μm and a length of 100 μm were prepared. A 5 μm layer of cerium oxide material was deposited on the outer surface of the microspheres. After drying into blocks, the microspheres were shaken and dispersed into a monodisperse state. Then, 0.1% by mass of ferrous oxide and 0.1% by mass of cobalt oxide were loaded onto the surface of the microspheres. A layer of carbon nanomaterial was then grown by chemical vapor deposition. By controlling the reaction conditions, the size of the grown carbon nanomaterial was made to be 10 μm. The material was then shaken and dispersed to obtain the substrate material. Finally, 10% by mass of Mischel ketone was loaded onto the surface of the substrate material to obtain a functional modified lightweight thermal insulation filler.

[0054] (2) Mix 15g of functional modified lightweight heat insulation filler, 25g of ceramic filler (5g nano alumina, 5g mica powder, 5g boron oxide, 5g potassium oxide, 3g zirconium oxide and 2g phosphorus oxide) with 70g of modified organosilicon resin (containing 30% polyacrylic acid resin by mass) evenly, add 11g of petroleum ether to adjust the viscosity during mixing, and prepare the heat insulation coating base material.

[0055] (3) Add 7g tetrabutyl titanate and 3g benzoin to the above heat-insulating coating base, stir and mix evenly to obtain the heat-insulating coating.

[0056] The above coating was diluted with butyl acetate, then applied to a 5mm thick coated component, dried at room temperature, and simultaneously irradiated with ultraviolet light for 2 days before relevant tests were conducted.

[0057] Product performance test: The density of the prepared coating is 0.30 g / cm³. 3 The room temperature thermal conductivity is 0.040 W / (m·K), the greenhouse tensile strength is 1.5 MPa, it can withstand an oxyacetylene test at 1000℃ for 100 s, and the mass ablation rate is 1.1 × 10⁻⁶. -4 g / s, and the outer surface of the coating remains intact after the test.

[0058] Example 5:

[0059] (1) First, short rod-shaped hollow quartz microspheres with a diameter of 50 μm and a length of 100 μm were prepared. A layer of spinel ferrite with a diameter of 5 μm was deposited on the outer surface of the microspheres. After drying into blocks, the microspheres were shaken and dispersed into a monodisperse state. Then, 1% by mass of ferrous oxide and 1% by mass of cobalt oxide were loaded onto the surface of the above material. After that, a layer of nano-carbon material was grown by chemical vapor deposition. By controlling the reaction conditions, the size of the grown nano-carbon material was made to be 50 μm. The material was then shaken and dispersed to obtain the substrate material. Finally, 10% by mass of Mischel ketone was loaded onto the surface of the substrate material to obtain a functional modified lightweight thermal insulation filler.

[0060] (2) Mix 65g of functional modified lightweight heat insulation filler, 35g of ceramic filler (5g nano alumina, 5g mica powder, 5g talc powder, 5g boron oxide, 5g potassium oxide, 5g zirconium oxide and 5g phosphorus oxide) with 110g of modified organosilicon resin (containing 20% ​​unsaturated polyester by mass) evenly, and add 60g of No. 120 solvent oil to adjust the viscosity during mixing to prepare the heat insulation coating base material;

[0061] (3) Add 10g tetrabutyl titanate and 6g benzoin to the above heat-insulating coating base, stir and mix evenly to obtain the heat-insulating coating.

[0062] The above coating was diluted with No. 120 solvent oil, then coated onto the component to a thickness of 5 mm. It was dried at room temperature and simultaneously irradiated with ultraviolet light for 2 days before relevant tests were conducted.

[0063] Product performance test: The density of the prepared coating is 0.50 g / cm³. 3 The room temperature thermal conductivity is 0.078 W / (m·K), the greenhouse tensile strength is 3.5 MPa, it can withstand an oxyacetylene test at 1000℃ for 100 s, and the mass ablation rate is 5.1 × 10⁻⁶. -4 g / s, and the outer surface of the coating remains intact after the test.

[0064] Comparative Example 1:

[0065] (1) 40g hollow glass microspheres, 20g short-cut quartz fibers, 20g short-cut high-silica fibers, 50g ceramic fillers (10g nano alumina, 10g mica powder, 10g boron oxide, 10g potassium oxide and 10g zirconium oxide) and 120g room temperature vulcanizing silicone rubber were mixed evenly. 50g cyclohexane was added during mixing to adjust the viscosity, and the heat-insulating coating base material was prepared.

[0066] (2) Add 6g of dibutyltin dilaurate to the above heat-insulating coating base material, stir and mix evenly to obtain the heat-insulating coating.

[0067] The above coating was diluted with cyclohexane, then applied to a 5mm thick coated component, dried at room temperature, and tested after 3 days.

[0068] Product performance test: The density of the prepared coating is 0.30 g / cm³. 3 The room temperature thermal conductivity is 0.033 W / (m·K), the greenhouse tensile strength is 0.5 MPa, it can withstand an oxyacetylene test at 1000℃ for 100 s, and the mass ablation rate is 12 × 10⁻⁶. -4 g / s, after testing, the coating surface cracked and peeled off.

[0069] Comparative Example 2:

[0070] (1) Mix 30g hollow glass microspheres, 15g chopped quartz fibers, 20g chopped high silica fibers, 35g ceramic fillers (5g nano alumina, 5g mica powder, 5g talc powder, 5g boron oxide, 5g potassium oxide, 5g zirconium oxide and 5g phosphorus oxide) with 110g organosilicon resin evenly. Add 60g No. 120 solvent oil to adjust the viscosity during mixing to prepare the heat-insulating coating base material.

[0071] (2) Add 10g of tetrabutyl titanate to the above heat-insulating coating base material, stir and mix evenly to obtain heat-insulating coating.

[0072] The above coating was diluted with No. 120 solvent oil, then applied to the coated component to a thickness of 5 mm, dried at room temperature, and tested after 2 days.

[0073] Product performance test: The density of the prepared coating is 0.32 g / cm³. 3 The room temperature thermal conductivity is 0.035 W / (m·K), the greenhouse tensile strength is 0.4 MPa, it can withstand an oxyacetylene test at 1000℃ for 100 s, and the mass ablation rate is 14 × 10⁻⁶. -4 g / s, after testing, the coating surface cracked and peeled off.

[0074] Comparative Example 3:

[0075] (1) Mix 10g hollow glass microspheres, 5g short-cut quartz fibers, 25g ceramic fillers (5g nano alumina, 5g mica powder, 5g boron oxide, 5g potassium oxide, 3g zirconium oxide and 2g phosphorus oxide) with 70g organosilicon resin evenly, and add 11g petroleum ether to adjust the viscosity during mixing to prepare the heat insulation coating base material.

[0076] (3) Add 7g of tetrabutyl titanate to the above heat-insulating coating base material, stir and mix evenly to obtain heat-insulating coating.

[0077] The above coating was diluted with butyl acetate, then applied to a 5mm thick coated component and dried at room temperature. The relevant tests were conducted 2 days later.

[0078] Product performance test: The density of the prepared coating is 0.25 g / cm³. 3 The room temperature thermal conductivity is 0.031 W / (m·K), the greenhouse tensile strength is 0.4 MPa, it can withstand an oxyacetylene test at 1000℃ for 100 s, and the mass ablation rate is 13 × 10⁻⁶. -4 g / s, after testing, the coating surface cracked and peeled off.

[0079] Comparative Example 4:

[0080] (1) Mix 8g hollow glass microspheres, 2g short-cut quartz fibers, 15g ceramic filler (5g nano alumina, 3g mica powder, boron 2, 2g potassium oxide, 2g zirconium oxide and 1g phosphorus oxide) with 60g phenolic resin evenly, and add 8.5g petroleum ether to adjust the viscosity during mixing to prepare the heat-insulating coating base material.

[0081] (3) Add 7.2g of hexamethylenetetramine to the above heat-insulating coating base, stir and mix evenly to obtain the heat-insulating coating.

[0082] The above coating was diluted with No. 120 solvent oil, then applied to the coated component to a thickness of 5 mm, dried at room temperature, and tested after 3 days.

[0083] Product performance test: The density of the prepared coating is 0.33 g / cm³. 3 The room temperature thermal conductivity is 0.042 W / (m·K), the greenhouse tensile strength is 0.6 MPa, it can withstand an oxyacetylene test at 1000℃ for 100 s, and the mass ablation rate is 14 × 10⁻⁶. -4 g / s, after testing, the coating surface cracked and peeled off.

[0084] As can be seen from Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4 above, compared with the comparative examples, the examples have the advantages of preparing functionally modified lightweight thermal insulation filler in the first step, mixing the filler with the coating base material, and finally preparing the coating product. In addition to integrating the function of the filler, the coating thickness is reduced by reducing the thermal conductivity of the coating, improving the overall compatibility between the coating base material and the filler. The coating method is simple and the one-time molding quality is high.

[0085] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Appropriate modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a heat-insulating coating, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) First, short rod-shaped hollow quartz microspheres are prepared; then, a layer of infrared high emissivity material is coated on the surface of the microspheres, dried and then shaken to obtain the substrate material; catalyst particles are loaded on the substrate material, and then nano-carbon materials are grown, dried and then shaken to obtain the substrate material; then, photosensitizers are loaded on the surface of the substrate material to obtain functional modified lightweight heat insulation filler. (2) According to the mass fraction, 10-80 parts of functional modified lightweight heat insulation filler, 15-50 parts of ceramic filler and 60-120 parts of matrix film-forming material are mixed evenly to prepare heat insulation coating base material. (3) Add curing agent, photoinitiator and diluent to the heat insulation coating base, stir and mix evenly to obtain heat insulation coating.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the short rod-shaped hollow quartz microspheres have a diameter of 50–100 μm, a length of 100–200 μm, and a density of 0.03–0.08 g / cm³. 3 .

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the infrared high emissivity material is one or more of silicon carbide, spinel ferrite, cerium oxide, and yttrium oxide, with a coating thickness of 1 to 10 μm; The catalyst is one or more of a salt and a metal cluster, wherein both the salt and the metal cluster contain at least one element of iron, cobalt, and nickel, and the catalyst loading is 0.05% to 2% of the mass of the substrate material. The grown carbon nanomaterials have a size of 10–50 μm; The photosensitizer is one of benzophenone, biphenyl ketone, or mifepristone, and the loading is 5-10% of the mass of the substrate material.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the ceramic filler is a compound of one or more of nano-silica aerogel, nano-alumina, mica powder, and talc powder, and one or more of sodium oxide powder, potassium oxide powder, boron oxide powder, iron oxide powder, phosphorus oxide powder, zinc oxide powder, manganese oxide powder, and zirconium oxide powder; the particle size of the ceramic filler is ≥100 mesh.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the matrix film-forming material is one or more of the following: modified silicone rubber containing photosensitive prepolymer, silicone resin containing photosensitive prepolymer, epoxy resin containing photosensitive prepolymer, and phenolic resin containing photosensitive prepolymer. The photosensitive prepolymer is one or more of the following: polyurethane, unsaturated polyester, and acrylic resin.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), during mixing, the viscosity is adjusted by adding 10% to 30% of the total mass of solvent. The solvent is one or more of cyclohexane, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, petroleum ether, No. 60 solvent oil, and No. 120 solvent oil.

7. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the functional modified lightweight thermal insulation filler is 15-65 parts, the ceramic filler is 25-35 parts, and the matrix film-forming material is 70-110 parts.

8. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), the curing agent is one of organotin, amine, or organic base. The curing agent is selected according to the substrate film-forming material used. The amount of curing agent added is calculated as 1%-10% of the mass of the substrate film-forming material. The photoinitiator is one of benzophenone, acetophenone, benzoin, or benzoin derivatives, and the amount added is calculated as 2% to 5% of the matrix film-forming material; The diluent is one or more of ethanol, methanol, and n-pentanol, mixed with one or more of acetone, cyclohexane, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, toluene, xylene, petroleum ether, No. 60 solvent oil, and No. 120 solvent oil.

9. A heat-insulating coating, characterized in that, It is prepared by the method described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A heat-insulating coating, characterized in that, It is made from the heat-insulating coating prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-8.