Information indication method, terminal, communication node, communication system and storage medium

Abstract

This disclosure provides an information indication method, a terminal, a first communication device, a communication system, and a storage medium. The method is executed by the terminal and includes: sending first information to a first communication node; wherein the first information indicates the terminal's capabilities; the terminal capabilities include capabilities determined based on the terminal's battery life. The communication mechanism of the technical solution provided in this disclosure is adaptable to IoT devices that support ambient power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to information indication methods, terminals, communication nodes, communication systems and storage media. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of communication technology, Internet of Things (IoT) devices that support ambient power are IoT devices powered by energy harvesting. Their main characteristics are that they have no batteries or limited energy storage capacity (e.g., using capacitors) and provide energy by harvesting radio waves, light, motion, heat, or any other suitable power source. Summary of the Invention

[0003] With the introduction of IoT devices that support ambient power, the communication mechanism needs to be adjusted.

[0004] This disclosure provides an information indication method, a terminal, a first communication node, a communication device, and a storage medium.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, an information indicating method is provided, the method comprising:

[0006] Send the first message to the first communication node;

[0007] The first information is used to indicate the terminal's capabilities; the terminal capabilities include capabilities determined based on the terminal's battery life.

[0008] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, an information indication method is provided, the method comprising:

[0009] The first message sent by the receiving terminal;

[0010] The first information is used to indicate the terminal's capabilities; the terminal capabilities include capabilities determined based on the terminal's battery life.

[0011] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, an information indication method is provided, the method comprising:

[0012] The terminal sends the first information to the first communication node;

[0013] The first information is used to indicate the terminal's capabilities; the terminal capabilities include capabilities determined based on the terminal's battery life.

[0014] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a terminal is provided, the terminal comprising:

[0015] The transceiver module is configured to send first information to the first communication node;

[0016] The first information is used to indicate the terminal's capabilities; the terminal capabilities include capabilities determined based on the terminal's battery life.

[0017] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a first communication node is provided, the first communication node comprising:

[0018] The transceiver module is configured to receive the first information sent by the terminal;

[0019] The first information is used to indicate the terminal's capabilities; the terminal capabilities include capabilities determined based on the terminal's battery life.

[0020] According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a communication system is provided, the communication system including a terminal and a first communication node, the terminal being configured to implement the information indication method provided in the first aspect, and the first communication node being configured to implement the information indication method provided in the second aspect.

[0021] According to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, a terminal is provided, the terminal comprising:

[0022] One or more processors;

[0023] The terminal is used to execute the information indication method described in the first aspect.

[0024] According to an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, a first communication node is provided, the first communication node comprising:

[0025] One or more processors;

[0026] The first communication node is used to execute the information indication method described in the second aspect.

[0027] According to a certain aspect of the present disclosure, a storage medium is provided, wherein the storage medium stores instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the information instruction method provided by the first aspect, the second aspect, or the third aspect.

[0028] The communication mechanism of the technical solution provided in this disclosure can be adapted to IoT devices that support ambient power.

[0029] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments of the invention.

[0031] Figure 1a This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0032] Figure 1b This is a schematic diagram illustrating a time unit according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0033] Figure 1c This is a schematic diagram of channel scheduling according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0034] Figure 1d This is a schematic diagram of channel scheduling according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0035] Figure 2a This is a flowchart illustrating an information indication method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0036] Figure 3a This is a flowchart illustrating an information indication method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0037] Figure 3b This is a flowchart illustrating an information indication method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0038] Figure 4a This is a flowchart illustrating an information indication method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0039] Figure 4b This is a flowchart illustrating an information indication method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0040] Figure 5a This is a flowchart illustrating an information indication method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0041] Figure 6a This is a flowchart illustrating an information indication method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0042] Figure 6b This is a flowchart illustrating an information indication method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0043] Figure 7a This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a first information indicating device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0044] Figure 7b This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second information indicating device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0045] Figure 8a This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a UE according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0046] Figure 8b This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0047] This disclosure provides an information indication method and apparatus, a communication device, a communication system, and a storage medium.

[0048] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide an information indication method, the method being executed by a terminal, the method comprising:

[0049] Send the first message to the first communication node;

[0050] The first information is used to indicate the terminal's capabilities; the terminal capabilities include capabilities determined based on the terminal's battery life.

[0051] In the above embodiments, since the first information indicates the terminal's capabilities, and the terminal capabilities include the ability to determine based on the terminal's remaining battery power, the first communication node can perform data scheduling operations based on the terminal's remaining battery power. Compared to the case where the first information is not sent to the first communication node, the first communication node's data scheduling operations can be adapted to the terminal's capabilities.

[0052] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is used by the first communication node to trigger the terminal to send data.

[0053] In the above embodiments, the first communication node can trigger the terminal to send data based on the terminal's battery life. Compared to the case where no first information is sent to the first communication node, the first communication node's triggering of the terminal to send data can be adapted to the terminal's capabilities.

[0054] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is used by the first communication node to trigger the terminal to send the data based on a first method, wherein the first method is a method in which the terminal uses ambient energy to send data.

[0055] In the above embodiments, the first communication node can trigger the terminal to send the data in a first manner based on the terminal's battery life. Compared to the case where the first information is not sent to the first communication node, the first communication node's triggering of the terminal to send the data in a first manner can be adapted to the terminal's capabilities.

[0056] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first method is a method in which the terminal transmits data using a reflected signal.

[0057] In the above embodiments, the first communication node can trigger the terminal to send the data based on the reflected signal based on the terminal's battery life. Compared to the case where the first communication node does not send the first information to the first communication node, the first communication node's triggering of the terminal to send the data based on the reflected signal can be adapted to the terminal's capabilities.

[0058] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the terminal capabilities include at least one of the following:

[0059] A first terminal capability is used to indicate a first time interval between the time when the previous data packet transmission was completed and the time when the next data packet transmission began.

[0060] The second terminal capability is used to indicate a first number of consecutively transmitted data packets, and / or a second time interval between two consecutive transmissions of data packets;

[0061] The third terminal capability is used to indicate the terminal type;

[0062] The fourth terminal capability is used to indicate the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can receive in downlink reception;

[0063] The fifth terminal capability indicates the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can send during uplink transmission;

[0064] The sixth terminal capability is used to indicate the type of movement of the terminal;

[0065] The seventh terminal capability is used to indicate whether the terminal supports or does not support power amplification, and / or the maximum transmit power of the terminal for transmitting data.

[0066] In the above embodiments, the terminal capabilities can include a variety of different capabilities. Thus, the first communication node can adapt to these different capabilities and trigger the terminal to send data based on these different capabilities.

[0067] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information includes index information; the index information is associated with the terminal capabilities.

[0068] In the above embodiments, the terminal capabilities can be clearly and explicitly indicated through index information and the association between the index information and the terminal capabilities.

[0069] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0070] Receive at least one first signal sent by the first communication node;

[0071] Each of the first signals is associated with at least one of the terminal capabilities.

[0072] In the above embodiments, since at least one first signal can be sent, and each first signal is associated with a terminal capability, the terminal can select a reflected signal of one of the at least one first signal to send data based on its own capabilities.

[0073] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0074] Based on the terminal capabilities supported by the terminal, a target signal is determined from the at least one first signal;

[0075] The reflected signal of the target signal is used by the terminal to send data.

[0076] In the above embodiments, since the target signal is a signal determined from at least one first signal based on the terminal capabilities supported by the terminal, the first signal can be adapted to the terminal capabilities supported by the terminal, there is a correspondence between the selected first signal and the terminal capability, and a type of terminal can be uniquely identified by the selected first signal.

[0077] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, sending the first information to the first communication node includes:

[0078] The first information is sent to the first communication node using the reflected signal of the target signal.

[0079] In the above embodiments, since the first information is sent to the first communication node using the reflected signal of the target signal and the target signal is determined based on the terminal capabilities supported by the terminal, the first communication node can determine what kind of terminal capability sent the first information after receiving the reflected signal of the target signal, thereby assisting in related scheduling operations.

[0080] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, sending the first information to the first communication node includes:

[0081] Each time data is sent to the first communication node based on the reverse first method, the first information is sent to the first communication node.

[0082] In the above embodiments, the first information can be sent to the first communication node every time data is sent to the first communication node based on the first method. In this way, even if the terminal's battery life changes, causing changes in the terminal's capabilities, the first information can be sent to the first communication node in a timely manner to report the latest terminal capabilities.

[0083] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, sending the first information to the first communication node includes one of the following:

[0084] The first information is sent to the first communication node via the Media Access Control (MAC) unit CE.

[0085] The first information is sent to the first communication node via a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message.

[0086] In the above embodiments, the first information can be sent by reusing MAC CE and RRC messages. Compared with sending the first information using dedicated signaling, signaling overhead can be reduced, and no additional wireless resources are required, thereby improving communication efficiency.

[0087] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is carried in the MAC header of the MAC CE; or, the first information is carried in the MAC payload of the MAC CE.

[0088] In the above embodiments, the first information can be carried in either the MAC header of the MAC CE or the MAC payload of the MAC CE, making the carrying method more flexible.

[0089] In the above embodiments, a second aspect, this disclosure provides an information indication method, the method being executed by a first communication node, the method comprising:

[0090] The first message sent by the receiving terminal;

[0091] The first information is used to indicate the terminal's capabilities; the terminal capabilities include capabilities determined based on the terminal's battery life.

[0092] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is used by the first communication node to trigger the terminal to send data.

[0093] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is used by the first communication node to trigger the terminal to send the data based on a first method, wherein the first method is a method in which the terminal uses ambient energy to send data.

[0094] In the above embodiments, the first communication node can trigger the terminal to send the data based on the reflected signal based on the terminal's battery life. Compared to the case where the first communication node does not send the first information to the first communication node, the first communication node's triggering of the terminal to send the data based on the reflected signal can be adapted to the terminal's capabilities.

[0095] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the terminal capabilities include at least one of the following:

[0096] A first terminal capability is used to indicate a first time interval between the time when the previous data packet transmission was completed and the time when the next data packet transmission began.

[0097] The second terminal capability is used to indicate a first number of consecutively transmitted data packets, and / or a second time interval between two consecutive transmissions of data packets;

[0098] The third terminal capability is used to indicate the terminal type;

[0099] The fourth terminal capability is used to indicate the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can receive in downlink reception;

[0100] The fifth terminal capability indicates the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can send during uplink transmission;

[0101] The sixth terminal capability is used to indicate the type of movement of the terminal;

[0102] The seventh terminal capability is used to indicate whether the terminal supports or does not support power amplification, and / or the maximum transmit power of the terminal for transmitting data.

[0103] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information includes index information; the index information is associated with the terminal capabilities.

[0104] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0105] Send at least one first signal to the terminal;

[0106] Each of the first signals is associated with one of the terminal capabilities.

[0107] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, receiving the first information sent by the terminal includes:

[0108] The first information sent by the terminal is received using the reflected signal of the target signal;

[0109] The target signal is a signal determined by the terminal from at least one first signal based on the terminal capabilities supported by the terminal.

[0110] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information sent by the receiving terminal includes:

[0111] Each time, the terminal sends data to the first communication node based on the first method, and receives the first information sent by the terminal.

[0112] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information sent by the receiving terminal includes one of the following:

[0113] The MAC CE receives the first information sent by the terminal;

[0114] The first information sent by the terminal is received via an RRC message.

[0115] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is carried in the MAC header of the MAC CE; or, the first information is carried in the MAC payload of the MAC CE.

[0116] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure provide an information indication method, the method comprising:

[0117] The terminal sends the first information to the first communication node;

[0118] The first information is used to indicate the terminal's capabilities; the terminal capabilities include capabilities determined based on the terminal's battery life.

[0119] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a terminal, the terminal comprising:

[0120] The transceiver module is configured to send first information to the first communication node;

[0121] The first information is used to indicate the terminal's capabilities; the terminal capabilities include capabilities determined based on the terminal's battery life.

[0122] Fifthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a first communication node, the first communication node comprising:

[0123] The transceiver module is configured to receive the first information sent by the terminal;

[0124] The first information is used to indicate the terminal's capabilities; the terminal capabilities include capabilities determined based on the terminal's battery life.

[0125] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide an information indication system, wherein the communication system includes a terminal and a first communication node, the terminal is configured to implement the information indication method described in the optional implementation of the first aspect, and the first communication node is configured to implement the information indication method described in the optional implementation of the second aspect.

[0126] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a terminal, the terminal comprising:

[0127] One or more processors;

[0128] The terminal is used to execute the information instruction method provided by the first aspect.

[0129] Eighthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a first communication node, the first communication node comprising:

[0130] One or more processors;

[0131] The first communication node is used to execute the information indication method provided by the second aspect.

[0132] Ninthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the information indication method described in the optional implementations of the first and second aspects.

[0133] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a program product that, when executed by a communication device, causes the communication device to perform the method as described in the optional implementations of the first and second aspects.

[0134] In an eleventh aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in alternative implementations of the first and second aspects.

[0135] In a twelfth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a chip or chip system. The chip or chip system includes processing circuitry configured to perform the methods described according to optional implementations of the first and second aspects above.

[0136] It is understood that the aforementioned terminals, communication nodes, communication systems, storage media, program products, computer programs, chips, or chip systems are all used to execute the methods proposed in the embodiments of this disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0137] This disclosure provides an information indication method, a terminal, a communication node, a communication system, and a storage medium. In some embodiments, the terms "information indication method" and "information processing method," "information transmission method," etc., can be used interchangeably, as can the terms "communication system" and "information processing system."

[0138] This disclosure is not exhaustive, but merely illustrative of some embodiments, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, each step in a particular embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a particular embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily interchanged. Furthermore, the optional implementation methods in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; moreover, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, for example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0139] In each of the disclosed embodiments, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0140] The terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0141] In this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, elements expressed in the singular form, such as "a," "an," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "this," etc., can mean "one and only one," or "one or more," "at least one," etc. For example, when using articles such as "a," "an," "the," etc. in translation, the noun following the article can be understood as either a singular or a plural expression.

[0142] In the embodiments disclosed herein, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0143] In some embodiments, the terms “at least one of”, “one or more”, “a plurality of”, “multiple”, etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0144] In some embodiments, the notation "at least one of A and B", "A and / or B", "A in one case, B in another", "in response to one case A, in response to another case B", etc., may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execute A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execute B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0145] In some embodiments, the notation "A or B" may include the following technical solutions, depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execution of A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execution of B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0146] The prefixes "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this disclosure are merely for distinguishing different descriptive objects and do not impose restrictions on the position, order, priority, quantity, or content of the descriptive objects. The description of the descriptive objects is found in the claims or the context of the embodiments, and the use of prefixes should not constitute unnecessary restrictions. For example, if the descriptive object is a "field," the ordinal numbers preceding "field" in "first field" and "second field" do not restrict the position or order of the "fields." "First" and "second" do not restrict whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they restrict the order of "first field" and "second field." Similarly, if the descriptive object is a "level," the ordinal numbers preceding "level" in "first level" and "second level" do not restrict the priority between "levels." Furthermore, the number of descriptive objects is not limited by ordinal numbers and can be one or more. For example, in "first device," the number of "devices" can be one or more. Furthermore, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the object being described is "device", then "first device" and "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different. Similarly, if the object being described is "information", then "first information" and "second information" can be the same information or different information, and their content can be the same or different.

[0147] In some embodiments, “including A,” “containing A,” “for indicating A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0148] In some embodiments, the terms “in response to…”, “in response to determining…”, “in the case of…”, “when…”, “if…”, “if…”, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0149] In some embodiments, the terms “greater than”, “greater than or equal to”, “not less than”, “more than”, “more than or equal to”, “not less than”, “higher than”, “higher than or equal to”, “not lower than”, and “above” can be used interchangeably, as can the terms “less than”, “less than or equal to”, “not more than”, “less than or equal to”, “not more than”, “lower than”, “lower than or equal to”, “not higher than”, and “below”.

[0150] In some embodiments, the apparatus and device may be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to the names recorded in the embodiments. In some cases, they may also be understood as "equipment", "device", "circuit", "network element", "node", "function", "unit", "section", "system", "network", "chip", "chip system", "entity", "body", etc.

[0151] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as devices included in the network, such as access network devices, core network devices, etc.

[0152] In some embodiments, "access network device (AN device)" may also be referred to as "radio access network device (RAN device)," "base station (BS)," "radio base station," or "fixed station." In some embodiments, it may also be understood as "node," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "antenna panel," "antenna array," "cell," "macro cell," "small cell," "femto cell," "pice cell," "sector," "cellgroup," "serving cell," "carrier," "component carrier," or "bandwidth part (BWP)," etc.

[0153] In some embodiments, "terminal" or "terminal device" may be referred to as "user equipment (UE)," "user terminal," "mobile station (MS)," "mobile terminal (MT)," "subscriber station," "mobile unit," "subscriber unit," "wireless unit," "remote unit," "mobile device," "wireless device," "wireless communication device," "remote device," "mobile subscriber station," "access terminal," "mobile terminal," "wireless terminal," "remote terminal," "handset," "user agent," "mobile client," "client," etc.

[0154] In some embodiments, the acquisition of data, information, etc., may comply with the laws and regulations of the country where the location is situated.

[0155] In some embodiments, data, information, etc., may be obtained with the user's consent.

[0156] Furthermore, each element, each row, or each column in the table of this disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and any combination of any element, any row, or any column can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0157] Figure 1a This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0158] like Figure 1a As shown, the communication system 100 includes a terminal 101 and a first communication node 102.

[0159] In some embodiments, the first communication node 102 may include at least one of a terminal, an access network device, and a core network device.

[0160] In some embodiments, terminal 101 includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: mobile phone, wearable device, Internet of Things device, car with communication function, smart car, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver function, virtual reality (VR) terminal device, augmented reality (AR) terminal device, wireless terminal device in industrial control, wireless terminal device in self-driving, wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, wireless terminal device in smart grid, wireless terminal device in transportation safety, wireless terminal device in smart city, and wireless terminal device in smart home.

[0161] In some embodiments, the access network device may be a node or device that connects a terminal to a wireless network. The access network device may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following in a 5G communication system: evolved Node B (eNB), next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), next-generation Node B (gNB), node B (NB), home node B (HNB), home evolved node B (HeNB), radio backhaul device, radio network controller (RNC), basestation controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), base band unit (BBU), mobile switching center, base station in a 6G communication system, open RAN, cloud RAN, base station in other communication systems, and access node in a Wi-Fi system.

[0162] In some embodiments, the technical solutions of this disclosure can be applied to the Open RAN architecture. In this case, the interfaces between or within access network devices involved in the embodiments of this disclosure can be transformed into internal interfaces of Open RAN. The processes and information interactions between these internal interfaces can be implemented by software or programs.

[0163] In some embodiments, the access network device may be composed of a central unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU). The CU may also be called a control unit. The CU-DU structure can separate the protocol layer of the access network device. Some of the protocol layer functions are centrally controlled by the CU, while the remaining part or all of the protocol layer functions are distributed in the DU and centrally controlled by the CU. However, this is not the only possibility.

[0164] In some embodiments, a core network device may be a single device comprising one or more network elements, or it may be multiple devices or a group of devices, each comprising all or part of the aforementioned one or more network elements. Network elements may be virtual or physical. The core network may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), or a Next Generation Core (NGC).

[0165] It is understood that the communication system described in this disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in this disclosure. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in this disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0166] The following embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to Figure 1a The communication system 100 shown, or a part thereof, but not limited to it. Figure 1a The entities shown are illustrative; a communication system may include... Figure 1a All or part of the main body, or may include Figure 1a Other entities besides the main body, the number and form of each entity are arbitrary, the connection relationship between the entities is illustrative, the entities may not be connected or may be connected, and the connection can be in any way, it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection, it can be a wired connection or a wireless connection.

[0167] The embodiments disclosed herein can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G new radio (NR), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Futuregeneration radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), and IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), Bluetooth (a registered trademark), Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks, Device-to-Device (D2D) systems, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) systems, systems utilizing other communication methods, and next-generation systems built upon them, etc. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A with 5G).

[0168] In some embodiments of IoT networks, some IoT devices are typically powered by conventional batteries with limited lifespan, negatively impacting user experience. The astronomical growth of IoT networks, coupled with the sheer number of IoT devices, has pushed maintenance costs, including labor and battery expenses, to unprecedented levels. Billions of conventional batteries are discarded annually, with only a fraction being effectively recycled, causing harmful impacts on the Earth's ecosystem. Maintaining IoT networks and replacing batteries can be extremely challenging under some extreme environmental conditions. In this regard, battery-free IoT communication has been proposed, which will improve network performance and sustainability and expand application scenarios. Furthermore, battery-free communication is more environmentally friendly and safer for children and the elderly. By eliminating conventional batteries, device size and cost can be significantly reduced, paving the way for a variety of new applications.

[0169] In some embodiments, during the 5G era of fifth-generation mobile communication technology, various Low Power Wide Area (LPWA) technologies have been developed, such as Machine Type Communication (MTC), Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT), and Reduced Capability (RedCap), to meet the growing demands of vertical industries. These LPWA technologies achieve low cost, low power consumption, and massive connectivity, satisfying the requirements of many applications. However, many use cases and applications remain unresolved. First, devices powered by traditional batteries are unsuitable, for example, under extreme environmental conditions (e.g., high voltage, extremely high / low temperatures, humid environments). Second, maintenance-free devices are required (e.g., traditional batteries that do not require replacement). Finally, ultra-low complexity, very small device size / form factor (e.g., thickness in mm), and longer lifespan are required.

[0170] In some embodiments, IoT supporting ambient power is a promising technology that can address the unmet needs described above. An IoT device supporting ambient power is an IoT device powered by energy harvesting, without batteries or with limited energy storage capacity (e.g., using capacitors), providing energy by harvesting radio waves, light, motion, heat, or any other suitable source of power.

[0171] In some embodiments, energy harvested from the environment can drive data transmission and wireless communication of sensing nodes. Currently, the transmit and receive power consumption of mainstream low-power IoT communication chips is in the tens or even hundreds of milliwatts range, while the energy harvested from the environment is only in the microwatt range, insufficient to power these types of nodes. Therefore, a new wireless communication technology is needed to reduce communication energy consumption to tens or even less than ten microwatts. The current mainstream approach uses backscatter communication technology. Backscatter communication is one of the key technologies for building a green, energy-efficient, low-cost, and flexibly deployable future Internet of Things, and is an important means of realizing "intelligent interconnection of everything."

[0172] In some embodiments, see Figure 1b Backscatter communication utilizes the principle of radio frequency signal backscattering to design an extremely low-power modulation and transmission technology. First proposed by Stockman, backscatter communication works by reflecting a portion of the radio frequency signal as it reaches the surface of an object. The transmitting node adjusts the matching between its receiving antenna and impedance according to the information to be transmitted, enhancing the reflection of the incident radio frequency signal and modulating its acquired sensing data onto the reflected signal to complete the data transmission. This process is similar to a reflector. Compared to other communication technologies, backscatter communication does not require complex radio frequency structures, reducing the use of components such as power amplifiers, high-precision crystal oscillators, duplexers, and high-precision filters. It also does not require complex baseband processing, thus simplifying terminal design and significantly reducing terminal node costs.

[0173] In some embodiments, backscatter communication has been widely used in Radio Frequency Identification (RIFD) systems, resulting in many large-scale commercial applications. Its working principle is that the receiver (typically an RFID reader) sends a radio frequency excitation signal to activate a passive node (typically an RFID tag). The tag uses backscatter communication to modulate its own information onto the radio frequency signal. The reader receives the reflected signal from the passive tag and demodulates it to achieve information transmission.

[0174] In some embodiments, RFID technology also has several drawbacks, such as short coverage distance (the wireless signal experiences double-path fading during communication, resulting in significant path loss and a short effective communication distance), single-channel transmission, the need for precise tag alignment, and lack of power control. There is significant room for improvement in the communication aspects of RFID technology. Integrating 3GPP communication technologies is needed to improve the wireless communication performance of RFID technology in passive IoT applications.

[0175] The desired new type of IoT device is characterized by low memory usage, low processing power, low power consumption, small data transmission, and mass deployment. Environmental IoT devices should be maintenance-free and have a long lifespan (e.g., over 10 years).

[0176] This new type of IoT device requires energy from radio waves emitted by network nodes to power itself. Therefore, before receiving energy, the IoT device is typically in a "power-off" state, i.e., offline. For this reason, the communication system needs to support data communication methods with shorter transmission times, lower memory consumption, and more convenient terminal management to complete the data communication process as quickly as possible.

[0177] In some embodiments, see Figure 1c This illustrates a network architecture for wireless communication based on backscattering technology to enable communication between environmental energy devices.

[0178] Architecture 1: Enables direct downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) data reception and transmission between ambient IoT devices and base stations;

[0179] Architecture 2: Ambient IoT and base stations indirectly receive and transmit DL and UL data; there are intermediate nodes in the middle to forward the data, such as relays, integrated access backhaul (IAB), UEs, and repeaters.

[0180] Architecture 3: Ambient IoT and the base station directly receive or transmit data at DL or UL; then, there are auxiliary nodes on UL or DL, which are responsible for receiving or sending UL data or receiving DL data. For example, the auxiliary nodes can be relays, IABs, UEs, or repeaters.

[0181] Architecture 4: Ambient 1OT and UE directly receive and transmit DL and UL data; UE is responsible for collecting data and forwarding the collected data to the network side.

[0182] In some embodiments, see Figure 1d AmbientIoT devices can be divided into three types:

[0183] Device A: No energy storage, no independent signal generation / amplification, i.e., backscatter transmission;

[0184] Device B: It has energy storage but no independent signal generation, i.e., backscatter transmission. The use of stored energy can include amplification of the reflected signal;

[0185] Device C: It has energy storage and independent signal generation, i.e., an active RF component used for transmission.

[0186] In some embodiments, a terminal reports its radio capabilities based on a network request. In a capability-reduced terminal (Redcap), the terminal type can also be simply indicated using messages 1MSG1 or 3MSG3, such as the Redcap type. A terminal's radio capabilities are those related to the initial transmission of radio data.

[0187] In some embodiments, there is no scenario where temporary energy is acquired for data transmission. The interval between two data transmissions is related to the charging capacity, and the charging speed affects the time when the network side will trigger the next data reporting. This type of terminal capability definition and reporting does not exist in existing mobile communication systems.

[0188] In some embodiments, for passive IoT terminals, different terminal types and different capacitor sizes will affect the terminal's data transmission capabilities and the intervals between data transmissions. This invention defines the terminal's data transmission capabilities and reports them to the network side, assisting the network side in effectively triggering the terminal to report data.

[0189] Figure 2a This is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating an information indication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example... Figure 2a As shown, this disclosure relates to an information and instruction method for a communication system 100, the method including:

[0190] Step 2101: The first communication node sends at least one first signal to the terminal.

[0191] In some embodiments, the terminal receives a first signal sent by the first communication node.

[0192] In some embodiments, the reflected signal of the first signal is used by the terminal to transmit data.

[0193] In some embodiments, the reflected signal may be, but is not limited to, a backscattered signal. It may also be a reflected signal generated by radio waves, light, motion, heat, or any other suitable power source. In some embodiments, the first signal is an excitation signal in backscatter communication.

[0194] In some embodiments, the first signal is associated with at least one terminal capability of the terminal.

[0195] In some embodiments, the terminal capabilities include at least one of the following:

[0196] A first terminal capability is used to indicate a first time interval between the time when the previous data packet transmission was completed and the time when the next data packet transmission began; exemplarily, the first time interval may be a minimum time interval;

[0197] The second terminal capability is used to indicate a first number of consecutively transmitted data packets, and / or a second time interval between two consecutive transmissions of data packets;

[0198] The third terminal capability is used to indicate the terminal type;

[0199] The fourth terminal capability is used to indicate the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can receive in downlink reception;

[0200] The fifth terminal capability indicates the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can send during uplink transmission;

[0201] The sixth terminal capability is used to indicate the type of movement of the terminal;

[0202] The seventh terminal capability is used to indicate whether the terminal supports or does not support power amplification, and / or the maximum transmit power of the terminal for transmitting data.

[0203] In some embodiments, the first terminal capability may indicate the minimum time interval between the completion of the previous data packet transmission and the start of the next data packet transmission. That is, after the current data transmission is completed, the terminal needs to experience at least this minimum time interval to recharge and execute the second data packet transmission. Here, there can be multiple data packets transmitted previously, and there can also be multiple data packets transmitted next.

[0204] In some embodiments, the second terminal capability may indicate the number of data packets the terminal can continuously send, and / or the data packet sending interval. That is, within this data packet sending interval, the maximum number of data packets that can be continuously sent.

[0205] In some embodiments, the terminal type can be device A, device B, or device C.

[0206] In some embodiments, device A is a device having the following characteristics: no energy storage, no independent signal generation or amplification, i.e., backscatter transmission.

[0207] In some embodiments, device B is a device having the following characteristics: it has energy storage and no independent signal generation, i.e., backscatter transmission. The use of the stored energy may include amplification of the reflected signal.

[0208] In some embodiments, deviceC is a device having the following characteristics: having energy storage and having independent signal generation, i.e., an active RF component for transmission.

[0209] In some embodiments, a relationship between a first index and a first time interval can be established for the first terminal capability. The first terminal capability can be reported to the first communication node by reporting the first index.

[0210] For example, please refer to Table 1:

[0211] Table 1

[0212] 0 100 1 500 2 1000 3 3000

[0213] In some embodiments, a second index can be established for the second terminal capability, along with a relationship between a first quantity and / or a second time interval. The second terminal capability can be reported to the first communication node by reporting the second index.

[0214] For example, please refer to Table 2:

[0215] Table 2

[0216] 0 0 1 4 2 8 3 16

[0217] Step S2102: The terminal determines a first signal.

[0218] In some embodiments, the terminal selects a first signal based on its terminal capabilities.

[0219] In some embodiments, the first signal may be a target signal determined from a plurality of first signals.

[0220] In some embodiments, a first signal is selected for data transmission and / or backscattering based on the terminal's capabilities.

[0221] In some embodiments, the terminal selects a first signal that matches the terminal capability for data transmission and / or backscattering based on the terminal capability.

[0222] In some embodiments, a target signal is determined from at least one first signal based on the terminal capabilities supported by the terminal; wherein the backscattered signal of the target signal is used by the terminal to transmit data.

[0223] Step S2103: The terminal sends the first information to the first communication node.

[0224] In some embodiments, the first communication node receives first information sent by the terminal.

[0225] In some embodiments, the first information may be indication information.

[0226] In some embodiments, in response to performing an initial backscatter, the terminal sends first information to the first communication node.

[0227] In some embodiments, the first information indicates the terminal's terminal capabilities.

[0228] In some embodiments, the terminal capability includes the ability to determine based on the terminal's battery life.

[0229] In some embodiments, the first information is used by the first communication node to trigger the terminal to send data.

[0230] In some embodiments, the first information is used by the first communication node to trigger the terminal to send data based on a first method.

[0231] In some embodiments, the first method is that the terminal uses ambient energy to send data.

[0232] In some embodiments, the first method is that the terminal uses a reflected signal to send data.

[0233] In some embodiments, after receiving a signal, the terminal can send data based on the reflected signal of that signal. The signal here can be a first signal sent by the first communication node, or a signal generated by radio waves, light, motion, heat, or any other suitable power source. Alternatively, it can be a signal generated by superimposing the first signal with at least one of radio waves, light, motion, heat, or any other suitable power source.

[0234] In some embodiments, the first mode is a backscattering mode.

[0235] In some embodiments, the first information is used by the first communication node to trigger the terminal to send the data based on a backscattering method.

[0236] In some embodiments, the first information indicates whether the terminal's capabilities will change.

[0237] In some embodiments, the backscattered signal of the target signal is used to send first information to the first communication node.

[0238] In some embodiments, each time data is sent to the first communication node based on backscattering, the first information is sent to the first communication node.

[0239] In some embodiments, the first information is sent via a Media Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) or Radio Resource Control (RRC) message.

[0240] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in the MAC header.

[0241] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in the MAC payload.

[0242] In some embodiments, in response to data transmission using backscatter communication, first information is sent to a first communication node.

[0243] In some embodiments, the terminal's energy dynamically changes due to energy consumption from energy storage and data transmission. Therefore, some terminal capabilities change dynamically after each data transmission. Thus, during each data transmission (i.e., in the current backscatter data transmission), the minimum interval for the next data transmission, and / or the number of consecutive data transmissions, and / or the maximum transmit power for the next data transmission, are dynamically indicated.

[0244] In some embodiments, the backscattering associated implementation is merely illustrative and does not limit the scope of the scheme; the term "backscattering" may be replaced by "reflection".

[0245] In some embodiments, the term "information" may be used interchangeably with terms such as "message," "signal," "signaling," "report," "configuration," "indication," "instruction," "command," "channel," "parameter," "field," and "data."

[0246] In some embodiments, the term "send" may be used interchangeably with terms such as "transmit," "report," or "transmit."

[0247] The information indication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S2101 to S2103. For example, step S2101 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, step S2102 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, and step S2103 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S2101 combined with step S2103 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, and step S2102 combined with step S2103 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, but is not limited thereto.

[0248] Figure 3a This is a flowchart illustrating an information indication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3a As shown, this embodiment of the disclosure relates to an information indication method, executed by terminal 101, the method including:

[0249] Step S3101: Obtain at least one first signal.

[0250] In some embodiments, optional implementations of step S3101 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 2a Optional implementation methods of step S2101, and Figure 2a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0251] In some embodiments, the terminal receives a first signal sent by a first communication node, but is not limited thereto; it may also receive a first signal sent by other entities.

[0252] In some embodiments, the terminal acquires a first signal defined by the protocol.

[0253] In some embodiments, the terminal processes the signal to obtain the first signal.

[0254] Step S3102: Determine a first signal.

[0255] In some embodiments, optional implementations of step S3102 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 2a Optional implementation methods of step S2102, and Figure 2a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0256] Step S3103: Send the first message.

[0257] In some embodiments, optional implementations of step S3203 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 2a Optional implementation methods of step S2103, and Figure 2a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0258] The information indication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S3101 to S3103. For example, step S3101 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, step S3102 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, and step S3103 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S3101 combined with step S3103 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, and step S3102 combined with step S3103 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, but the method is not limited thereto.

[0259] Figure 3b This is a flowchart illustrating an information indication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3b As shown, this embodiment of the disclosure relates to an information indication method, executed by terminal 101, the method including:

[0260] Step S3201: Send the first message.

[0261] In some embodiments, the first information is used to indicate the terminal's capabilities; the terminal capabilities include capabilities determined based on the terminal's battery life.

[0262] In some embodiments, optional implementations of step S3201 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 2a Optional implementation methods of step S2101, and Figure 2a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0263] In some embodiments, the first information is used by the first communication node to trigger the terminal to send data.

[0264] In some embodiments, the first information is used by the first communication node to trigger the terminal to send the data based on a first method, wherein the first method is a method in which the terminal uses ambient energy to send data.

[0265] In some embodiments, the first mode is a backscattering mode.

[0266] In some embodiments, the terminal capabilities include at least one of the following:

[0267] A first terminal capability is used to indicate a first time interval between the time when the previous data packet transmission was completed and the time when the next data packet transmission began.

[0268] The second terminal capability is used to indicate a first number of consecutively transmitted data packets, and / or a second time interval between two consecutive transmissions of data packets;

[0269] The third terminal capability is used to indicate the terminal type;

[0270] The fourth terminal capability is used to indicate the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can receive in downlink reception;

[0271] The fifth terminal capability indicates the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can send during uplink transmission;

[0272] The sixth terminal capability is used to indicate the type of movement of the terminal;

[0273] The seventh terminal capability is used to indicate whether the terminal supports or does not support power amplification, and / or the maximum transmit power of the terminal for transmitting data.

[0274] In some embodiments, the first information includes index information; the index information is associated with the terminal capabilities.

[0275] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0276] Receive at least one first signal sent by the first communication node;

[0277] Each of the first signals is associated with one of the terminal capabilities.

[0278] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0279] Based on the terminal capabilities supported by the terminal, a target signal is determined from the at least one first signal;

[0280] The backscattered signal of the target signal is used by the terminal to transmit data.

[0281] In some embodiments, sending the first information to the first communication node includes:

[0282] The first information is sent to the first communication node using the backscattered signal of the target signal.

[0283] In some embodiments, sending the first information to the first communication node includes:

[0284] Each time data is sent to the first communication node using a backscattering method, the first information is sent to the first communication node.

[0285] In some embodiments, sending the first information to the first communication node includes one of the following:

[0286] The first information is sent to the first communication node via the Media Access Control (MAC) unit CE.

[0287] The first information is sent to the first communication node via a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message.

[0288] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in the MAC header of the MAC CE; or, the first information is carried in the MAC payload of the MAC CE.

[0289] Figure 4a This is a flowchart illustrating an information indication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4a As shown, this embodiment of the disclosure relates to an information indication method, which is executed by a first communication node 102. The method includes:

[0290] Step S4101: Send the first signal.

[0291] In some embodiments, optional implementations of step S4101 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 2a Optional implementation methods of step S2101, and Figure 2a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0292] Step S4102: Obtain the first information.

[0293] For optional implementations of step S4102, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Optional implementation methods of step S2102, and Figure 2a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0294] In some embodiments, the first communication node receives first information sent by the terminal, but is not limited thereto; it may also receive first information sent by other entities.

[0295] In some embodiments, the first communication node acquires first information as defined by the protocol.

[0296] In some embodiments, the first communication node obtains first information from the upperlayer(s).

[0297] In some embodiments, the first communication node processes information to obtain the first information.

[0298] In some embodiments, step S4102 is omitted, and the terminal autonomously implements the function indicated by the first information, or the above function is a default or default setting.

[0299] The information indication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S4101 to S4102. For example, step S4101 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, and step S4102 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S4101 combined with step S4102 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, but is not limited thereto.

[0300] Figure 4bThis is a flowchart illustrating an information indication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4b As shown, this embodiment of the disclosure relates to an information indication method, which is executed by a first communication node 102. The method includes:

[0301] Step S4201: Receive the first information;

[0302] In some embodiments, the first information is used to indicate the terminal's capabilities; the terminal capabilities include capabilities determined based on the terminal's battery life.

[0303] In some embodiments, optional implementations of step S4201 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 2a Optional implementation methods of step S2101, and Figure 2a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0304] In some embodiments, the first information is used by the first communication node to trigger the terminal to send data.

[0305] In some embodiments, the first information is used by the first communication node to trigger the terminal to send the data based on a first method.

[0306] In some embodiments, the first mode is a backscattering mode.

[0307] In some embodiments, the terminal capabilities include at least one of the following:

[0308] A first terminal capability is used to indicate a first time interval between the time when the previous data packet transmission was completed and the time when the next data packet transmission began.

[0309] The second terminal capability is used to indicate a first number of consecutively transmitted data packets, and / or a second time interval between two consecutive transmissions of data packets;

[0310] The third terminal capability is used to indicate the terminal type;

[0311] The fourth terminal capability is used to indicate the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can receive in downlink reception;

[0312] The fifth terminal capability indicates the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can send during uplink transmission;

[0313] The sixth terminal capability is used to indicate the type of movement of the terminal;

[0314] The seventh terminal capability is used to indicate whether the terminal supports or does not support power amplification, and / or the maximum transmit power of the terminal for transmitting data.

[0315] In some embodiments, the first information includes index information; the index information is associated with the terminal capabilities.

[0316] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0317] Send at least one first signal to the terminal;

[0318] Each of the first signals is associated with one of the terminal capabilities.

[0319] In some embodiments, receiving the first information sent by the terminal includes:

[0320] The first information sent by the terminal is received using the backscattered signal of the target signal;

[0321] The target signal is a signal determined by the terminal from at least one first signal based on the terminal capabilities supported by the terminal.

[0322] In some embodiments, the first information sent by the receiving terminal includes:

[0323] Each time, the terminal sends data to the first communication node based on backscattering, and receives the first information sent by the terminal.

[0324] In some embodiments, the first information sent by the receiving terminal includes one of the following:

[0325] The MAC CE receives the first information sent by the terminal;

[0326] The first information sent by the terminal is received via an RRC message.

[0327] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in the MAC header of the MAC CE; or, the first information is carried in the MAC payload of the MAC CE.

[0328] Figure 5a This is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating an information indication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example... Figure 5a As shown, this disclosure relates to an information indication method for a communication system 100, the method comprising one of the following steps:

[0329] Step S5101: The terminal sends the first information to the first communication node;

[0330] In some embodiments, the first information is used to indicate the terminal capabilities of the terminal; the terminal capabilities include capabilities determined based on the terminal's battery life.

[0331] For optional implementations of step S5101, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Optional implementation methods of step S2101 and Figure 2a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0332] In some embodiments, the above methods may include the methods of the above-described communication system side, terminal side, network device side, etc., which will not be described in detail here.

[0333] Figure 6a This is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating an information indication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example... Figure 6a As shown, the embodiments of this disclosure relate to an information indication method, which includes:

[0334] Step S6101: The first communication node sends a first signal to the terminal.

[0335] In some embodiments, when the network sends out an excitation signal, the excitation signal is associated with a terminal capability, such as terminal type or terminal mobility type. Based on its own capabilities, the terminal selects an appropriate excitation signal for data transmission and performs backscattering.

[0336] Step S6102: The terminal sends the first information to the first communication node.

[0337] In some embodiments, the terminal carries terminal capability information during the initial backscatter. This capability information includes at least one of the features in Scheme 1. Optionally, the terminal may instruct the network side whether the reported capability will change.

[0338] In some embodiments, UE capabilities can be carried in the MAC header or the MAC payload. Capability reporting is a MAC CE.

[0339] In the embodiments disclosed herein, some or all of the steps and their optional implementations may be arbitrarily combined with some or all of the steps in other embodiments, or may be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementations in other embodiments.

[0340] Figure 6b This is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating an information indication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example... Figure 6b As shown, the embodiments of this disclosure relate to an information indication method, which includes:

[0341] Step S6201: The terminal sends the first information to the first communication node.

[0342] In some embodiments, the energy of the terminal changes dynamically due to energy consumption caused by energy storage and data transmission. Therefore, some terminal capabilities change dynamically after each data transmission. Thus, during each data transmission (i.e., in the current backscatter data transmission), the minimum interval for the next data transmission, and / or the number of consecutive data transmissions, and / or the maximum transmit power for the next data transmission, are dynamically indicated. In the embodiments of this disclosure, some or all steps, and their optional implementations, can be arbitrarily combined with some or all steps in other embodiments, or arbitrarily combined with optional implementations in other embodiments.

[0343] In the embodiments disclosed herein, some or all of the steps and their optional implementations may be arbitrarily combined with some or all of the steps in other embodiments, or may be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementations in other embodiments.

[0344] This disclosure addresses the issue of passive IoT terminals, where different terminal types and capacitor sizes affect data transmission capabilities and data transmission intervals. This disclosure defines the terminal's data transmission capabilities and reports them to the network side, assisting the network side in effectively triggering data reporting by the terminal.

[0345] This disclosure also provides an apparatus for implementing any of the above methods. For example, an apparatus is provided that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by the terminal in any of the above methods. Furthermore, another apparatus is provided that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by a network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network functional node, a core network device, etc.) in any of the above methods.

[0346] It should be understood that the division of units or modules in the above device is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated. Furthermore, the units or modules in the device can be implemented by a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor connected to a memory containing instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or to implement the functions of the units or modules in the above device. The processor can be, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory can be internal or external to the device. Alternatively, the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits. The functionality of some or all of the units or modules can be achieved through the design of these hardware circuits, which can be understood as one or more processors. For example, in one implementation, the hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The functionality of some or all of the units or modules is achieved through the design of the logical relationships between the components within the circuit. In another implementation, the hardware circuit can be implemented using a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gates. The connection relationships between the logic gates are configured through configuration files, thereby achieving the functionality of some or all of the units or modules. All units or modules of the above device can be implemented entirely through processor-called software, entirely through hardware circuits, or partially through processor-called software with the remaining parts implemented through hardware circuits.

[0347] In this embodiment, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction read and execute capabilities, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationships of hardware circuits. The logical relationships of the aforementioned hardware circuits are fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and configuring the hardware circuit can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. In addition, it can also be hardware circuits designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as ASICs, such as Neural Network Processing Units (NPUs), Tensor Processing Units (TPUs), and Deep Learning Processing Units (DPUs).

[0348] Figure 7a A schematic diagram of the terminal structure proposed in this disclosure embodiment is shown. (See attached diagram.) Figure 7a As shown, terminal 7100 may include at least one of a transceiver module 7101, a processing module 7102, etc. In some embodiments, the transceiver module is used to receive first information. Optionally, the transceiver module is used to perform at least one of the communication steps (e.g., steps S2101, S2103, but not limited thereto) performed by terminal 101 in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here. Optionally, the processing module is used to perform at least one of the other steps (e.g., step S2102) performed by terminal 101 in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0349] Figure 7b This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first communication node proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 7bAs shown, the first communication node 7200 may include at least one of a transceiver module 7201, a processing module 7202, etc. In some embodiments, the transceiver module is used to send first information. Optionally, the transceiver module is used to perform at least one of the communication steps (e.g., steps S2101, S2102, but not limited thereto) performed by the terminal 101 in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here. In some embodiments, the transceiver module may include a sending module and / or a receiving module, which may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the transceiver module may be interchangeable with a transceiver. Optionally, the processing module is used to perform at least one of the other steps (e.g., step S2102) performed by the first communication node 102 in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here.

[0350] In some embodiments, the processing module may be a single module or may include multiple sub-modules. Optionally, the multiple sub-modules may each perform all or part of the steps required by the processing module. Optionally, the processing module may be interchangeable with a processor.

[0351] Figure 8a This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device 8100 proposed in this embodiment. The communication device 8100 can be a network device (e.g., access network device, core network device, etc.), a terminal (e.g., user equipment, etc.), a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the network device in implementing any of the above methods, or a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the terminal in implementing any of the above methods. The communication device 8100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments; for details, please refer to the descriptions in the above method embodiments.

[0352] like Figure 8a As shown, the communication device 8100 includes one or more processors 8101. The processor 8101 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit (CPU). The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the CPU can be used to control communication devices (e.g., base stations, baseband chips, terminal devices, terminal device chips, DUs or CUs, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. The communication device 8100 is used to perform any of the above methods.

[0353] In some embodiments, the communication device 8100 further includes one or more memories 8102 for storing instructions. Optionally, all or part of the memories 8102 may also be located outside the communication device 8100.

[0354] In some embodiments, the communication device 8100 further includes one or more transceivers 8103. When the communication device 8100 includes one or more transceivers 8103, the transceivers 8103 perform at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method (e.g., steps S2101, S2102, but not limited thereto), and the processor 8101 performs at least one of the other steps (e.g., step S2102).

[0355] In some embodiments, a transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter, which may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the terms transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably; the terms transmitter, transmitting unit, transmitter, transmitting circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably; and the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, receiving circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0356] In some embodiments, the communication device 8100 may include one or more interface circuits 8104. Optionally, the interface circuit 8104 is connected to the memory 8102, and the interface circuit 8104 can be used to receive signals from the memory 8102 or other devices, and can be used to send signals to the memory 8102 or other devices. For example, the interface circuit 8104 can read instructions stored in the memory 8102 and send the instructions to the processor 8101.

[0357] The communication device 8100 described in the above embodiments may be a network device or a terminal, but the scope of the communication device 8100 described in this disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 8100 may vary. Figure 8a The limitations. Communication equipment can be a standalone device or part of a larger device. For example, the communication equipment can be: (1) a standalone integrated circuit IC, or chip, or chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally including storage components for storing data and programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, terminal device, smart terminal device, cellular phone, wireless device, handheld device, mobile unit, vehicle device, network device, cloud device, artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.

[0358] Figure 8b This is a schematic diagram of the structure of chip 8200 according to an embodiment of this disclosure. For cases where the communication device 8100 can be a chip or a chip system, please refer to... Figure 8b The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the structure of chip 8200, but it is not limited to this.

[0359] Chip 8200 includes one or more processors 8201, which are used to perform any of the above methods.

[0360] In some embodiments, chip 8200 further includes one or more interface circuits 8202. Optionally, the interface circuit 8202 is connected to memory 8203, and the interface circuit 8202 can be used to receive signals from memory 8203 or other devices, and the interface circuit 8202 can be used to send signals to memory 8203 or other devices. For example, the interface circuit 8202 can read instructions stored in memory 8203 and send the instructions to processor 8201.

[0361] In some embodiments, the interface circuit 8202 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method (e.g., steps S2101, S3101, but not limited thereto), and the processor 8201 performs at least one of the other steps (e.g., steps S2101, S2102, but not limited thereto).

[0362] In some embodiments, the terms interface circuit, interface, transceiver pin, transceiver, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0363] In some embodiments, chip 8200 further includes one or more memories 8203 for storing instructions. Optionally, all or part of the memories 8203 may be located outside of chip 8200.

[0364] This disclosure also proposes a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device 8100, cause the communication device 8100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a temporary storage medium.

[0365] This disclosure also provides a program product that, when executed by the communication device 8100, causes the communication device 8100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product.

[0366] This disclosure also proposes a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the above methods.

Claims

1. An information indication method, characterized in that, The method is executed by a terminal, and the method includes: Send the first message to the first communication node; Wherein, the first information is used to indicate the terminal capabilities of the terminal; the terminal capabilities include capabilities determined based on the terminal's battery life; the first information includes index information; the index information is associated with the terminal capabilities; different index information is associated with different terminal capabilities; the first information also indicates: whether the terminal capabilities have changed or whether the terminal capabilities have not changed; The method further includes: Receive at least one first signal sent by the first communication node; each first signal is associated with at least one of the terminal capabilities; Based on the terminal capabilities supported by the terminal, a target signal is determined from the at least one first signal; the reflected signal of the target signal is used by the terminal to transmit data. The terminal capabilities also include at least one of the following: The second terminal capability is used to indicate a first number of consecutively transmitted data packets, and / or a second time interval between two consecutive transmissions of data packets; The fourth terminal capability is used to indicate the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can receive in downlink reception; The fifth terminal capability is used to indicate the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can send during uplink transmission; The sixth terminal capability is used to indicate the type of movement of the terminal; The seventh terminal capability is used to indicate whether the terminal supports or does not support power amplification, and / or the maximum transmit power of the terminal for transmitting data.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first information is used by the first communication node to trigger the terminal to send data.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first information is used by the first communication node to trigger the terminal to send the data based on a first method, wherein the first method is a method in which the terminal uses ambient energy to send data.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first method is a method in which the terminal sends data using reflected signals.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The terminal capabilities also include at least one of the following: A first terminal capability, used to indicate a first time interval between the time when the previous data packet transmission was completed and the time when the next data packet transmission began; The third terminal capability is used to indicate the terminal type; the terminal type includes a terminal of type A, a terminal of type B, or a terminal of type C.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Sending the first information to the first communication node includes: The first information is sent to the first communication node using the reflected signal of the target signal.

7. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Sending the first information to the first communication node includes: Each time data is sent to the first communication node based on the first method, the first information is sent to the first communication node.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 6, characterized in that, Sending the first information to the first communication node includes one of the following: The first information is sent to the first communication node via the Media Access Control (MAC) unit CE. The first information is sent to the first communication node via a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first information is carried in the MAC header of the MAC CE; or, the first information is carried in the MAC payload of the MAC CE.

10. An information indication method, characterized in that, The method is executed by the first communication node, and the method includes: The first message sent by the receiving terminal; Wherein, the first information is used to indicate the terminal capabilities of the terminal; the terminal capabilities include capabilities determined based on the terminal's battery life; the first information includes index information; the index information is associated with the terminal capabilities; different index information is associated with different terminal capabilities; the first information also indicates: whether the terminal capabilities have changed or whether the terminal capabilities have not changed; The method further includes: At least one first signal is sent to the terminal; each first signal is associated with at least one of the terminal capabilities; the at least one signal is used by the terminal to determine a target signal from the at least one first signal based on the terminal capabilities supported by the terminal; the reflected signal of the target signal is used by the terminal to send data. The terminal capabilities also include at least one of the following: The second terminal capability is used to indicate a first number of consecutively transmitted data packets, and / or a second time interval between two consecutive transmissions of data packets; The fourth terminal capability is used to indicate the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can receive in downlink reception; The fifth terminal capability is used to indicate the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can send during uplink transmission; The sixth terminal capability is used to indicate the type of movement of the terminal; The seventh terminal capability is used to indicate whether the terminal supports or does not support power amplification, and / or the maximum transmit power of the terminal for transmitting data.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first information is used by the first communication node to trigger the terminal to send data.

12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first information is used by the first communication node to trigger the terminal to send the data based on a first method, wherein the first method is a method in which the terminal uses ambient energy to send data.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The first method is a method in which the terminal sends data using reflected signals.

14. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that, The terminal capabilities also include at least one of the following: A first terminal capability, used to indicate a first time interval between the time when the previous data packet transmission was completed and the time when the next data packet transmission began; The third terminal capability is used to indicate the terminal type; the terminal type includes a terminal of type A, a terminal of type B, or a terminal of type C.

15. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first information received from the terminal includes: The first information sent by the terminal is received using the reflected signal of the target signal; The target signal is a signal determined by the terminal from at least one first signal based on the terminal capabilities supported by the terminal.

16. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13 and 15, characterized in that, The first information sent by the receiving terminal includes: Each time, the terminal sends data to the first communication node based on reflection, and receives the first information sent by the terminal.

17. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13 and 15, characterized in that, The first information sent by the receiving terminal includes one of the following: The MAC CE receives the first information sent by the terminal; The first information sent by the terminal is received via an RRC message.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The first information is carried in the MAC header of the MAC CE; or, the first information is carried in the MAC payload of the MAC CE.

19. An information indication method, characterized in that, The method includes: The terminal sends the first information to the first communication node; Wherein, the first information is used to indicate the terminal capabilities of the terminal; the terminal capabilities include capabilities determined based on the terminal's battery life; the first information includes index information; the index information is associated with the terminal capabilities; different index information is associated with different terminal capabilities; the first information also indicates: whether the terminal capabilities have changed or whether the terminal capabilities have not changed; The method further includes: The terminal receives at least one first signal sent by the first communication node; each first signal is associated with at least one of the terminal capabilities; The terminal determines a target signal from the at least one first signal based on the terminal capabilities it supports; the reflected signal of the target signal is used by the terminal to transmit data. The terminal capabilities also include at least one of the following: The second terminal capability is used to indicate a first number of consecutively transmitted data packets, and / or a second time interval between two consecutive transmissions of data packets; The fourth terminal capability is used to indicate the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can receive in downlink reception; The fifth terminal capability is used to indicate the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can send during uplink transmission; The sixth terminal capability is used to indicate the type of movement of the terminal; The seventh terminal capability is used to indicate whether the terminal supports or does not support power amplification, and / or the maximum transmit power of the terminal for transmitting data.

20. A terminal, characterized in that, The terminal includes: The transceiver module is configured to send first information to the first communication node; Wherein, the first information is used to indicate the terminal capabilities of the terminal; the terminal capabilities include capabilities determined based on the terminal's battery life; the first information includes index information; the index information is associated with the terminal capabilities; different index information is associated with different terminal capabilities; the first information also indicates: whether the terminal capabilities have changed or whether the terminal capabilities have not changed; The transceiver module is further configured to: Receive at least one first signal sent by the first communication node; each first signal is associated with at least one of the terminal capabilities; Based on the terminal capabilities supported by the terminal, a target signal is determined from the at least one first signal; the reflected signal of the target signal is used by the terminal to transmit data. The terminal capabilities also include at least one of the following: The second terminal capability is used to indicate a first number of consecutively transmitted data packets, and / or a second time interval between two consecutive transmissions of data packets; The fourth terminal capability is used to indicate the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can receive in downlink reception; The fifth terminal capability is used to indicate the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can send during uplink transmission; The sixth terminal capability is used to indicate the type of movement of the terminal; The seventh terminal capability is used to indicate whether the terminal supports or does not support power amplification, and / or the maximum transmit power of the terminal for transmitting data.

21. A first communication node, characterized in that, The first communication node includes: The transceiver module is configured to receive the first information sent by the terminal; Wherein, the first information is used to indicate the terminal capabilities of the terminal; the terminal capabilities include capabilities determined based on the terminal's battery life; the first information includes index information; the index information is associated with the terminal capabilities; different index information is associated with different terminal capabilities; the first information also indicates: whether the terminal capabilities have changed or whether the terminal capabilities have not changed; The transceiver module is further configured to: At least one first signal is sent to the terminal; each first signal is associated with at least one of the terminal capabilities; the at least one signal is used by the terminal to determine a target signal from the at least one first signal based on the terminal capabilities supported by the terminal; the reflected signal of the target signal is used by the terminal to send data. The terminal capabilities also include at least one of the following: The second terminal capability is used to indicate a first number of consecutively transmitted data packets, and / or a second time interval between two consecutive transmissions of data packets; The fourth terminal capability is used to indicate the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can receive in downlink reception; The fifth terminal capability is used to indicate the maximum size of a data packet that a terminal can send during uplink transmission; The sixth terminal capability is used to indicate the type of movement of the terminal; The seventh terminal capability is used to indicate whether the terminal supports or does not support power amplification, and / or the maximum transmit power of the terminal for transmitting data.

22. An information indication system, characterized in that, The information indication system includes a terminal and a first communication node; the terminal is configured to implement the information indication method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the first communication node is configured to implement the information indication method according to any one of claims 10 to 18.

23. A terminal, characterized in that, The terminal includes: One or more processors; The processor is used to execute the information indication method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

24. A first communication node, wherein, The first communication node includes: One or more processors; The processor is configured to execute the information indication method according to any one of claims 10 to 18.

25. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein, The storage medium stores instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the information indication method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and claims 10 to 18.

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