Communication equipment and base station

Abstract

The invention provides a communication device and a base station, so as to adapt the channel and bandwidth of the communication device on the premise of not losing the array plane aperture of an antenna. The communication device comprises 2n radio frequency channels, the communication device comprises a digital unit, a topology network unit and a beam forming unit, the topology network unit is connected between the digital unit and the beam forming unit, and the topology network unit comprises a first power divider and a second power divider; the first power divider and the second power divider respectively comprise 2n branching ports and a combining port, the branching ports of the first power divider are respectively connected with the 2n radio frequency channels at the digital unit side, and the combining port of the first power divider is connected with the combining port of the second power divider; each branching end of the second power divider and the 2n radio frequency channels are connected to the beamforming unit side; n is a natural number > = 1.

Description

Communication equipment and base station Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication device and a base station. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of 5G technology, the millimeter wave band has attracted much attention due to its ultra-wide spectrum resources and is considered a key frequency band for future high-capacity holographic communications. To fully utilize the spectrum resources of the millimeter wave band, some devices, within the current digital process capabilities, increase the number of channels in exchange for increased bandwidth. However, this approach results in a loss of antenna array aperture, which in turn leads to a decrease in the effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of the antenna. Due to the high frequency band and large path loss, millimeter wave systems face limited coverage, and these issues further exacerbate the coverage contraction of millimeter wave systems. Therefore, how to balance performance indicators such as system bandwidth, number of channels, and effective isotropic radiated power is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a communication device and a base station to adapt the channel and bandwidth of the communication device without sacrificing the array aperture of the antenna.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which may include 2 n RF channels, n is a natural number and n≥1. In addition, the communication device may include a digital unit, a topology network unit, and a beamforming unit, wherein the topology network unit is connected between the digital unit and the beamforming unit, and the topology network unit includes a first power splitter and a second power splitter. The communication device may also include 2 n RF channels, n is a natural number and n≥1. The first power divider and the second power divider may each include 2 n The first power divider has two branch ports and one combining port. n The RF channels are connected to the digital unit side, and each branch port of the second power divider can be connected to 2 n The radio frequency channels are connected to the beamforming unit side, and the combining port of the first power divider is connected to the combining port of the second power divider.

[0006] In the above solution, the 2 nAfter passing through the topology network unit, the signals in each RF channel can be connected to the two antenna planes by the beamforming unit, which is equivalent to each RF channel of the topology network unit being connected to the two antenna planes. Therefore, each RF channel can obtain the two antenna planes. In addition, the bandwidth of each signal output by the topology network unit is 2 times that of the input signal. n The bandwidth after the signals are combined is increased, thereby realizing the combination of RF bandwidth, making the RF channels corresponding to the topology network units equivalent to one, thereby providing feasibility for bandwidth improvement of the communication equipment.

[0007] In some possible implementations, in the signal transmission direction, the 2 n The signals in the RF channels can be in the same frequency band, and 2 n The center frequencies of the signals in the different RF channels are different. In this case, the bandwidth of the communication equipment can be effectively broadened through the RF bandwidth combining function of the topology network unit.

[0008] In some other possible implementations, in the signal transmission direction, the 2 n The signals in the two RF channels can also be in different frequency bands. In this case, the RF bandwidth of the topology network unit is combined to form a two-way splitter. n 2 split port outputs n Each signal has two frequency bands, which also broadens the bandwidth of the communication equipment.

[0009] Similarly, in some possible implementations, in the signal receiving direction, the 2 n The signals in the RF channels can be in the same frequency band, and 2 n The center frequencies of the signals in the different RF channels are different. In this case, the bandwidth of the communication equipment can be effectively broadened through the RF bandwidth combining function of the topology network unit.

[0010] In some other possible implementation schemes, in the signal receiving direction, the 2 n The signals in the RF channels can also be in different frequency bands. In this case, the RF bandwidth of the topology network unit is combined to form a 2-way power divider. n 2 split port outputs n Each signal has two frequency bands, which also broadens the bandwidth of the communication equipment.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the communication device may further include an antenna, which may include at least two array surfaces. When n = 1, the communication device includes two radio frequency channels, and the two radio frequency channels on the beamforming unit side may be connected to the two array surfaces of the antenna, respectively. That is, the two radio frequency channels on the beamforming unit side are connected to the two array surfaces of the antenna, respectively. In this case, each radio frequency channel can obtain the aperture of the two antenna array surfaces.

[0012] In some other possible implementations, when n≥2, the 2 n The RF channels can be respectively connected to the 2 n-1 The array surfaces are connected, so that each RF channel can obtain the two array surface apertures of the antenna.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the antenna may be a single-band antenna, or may be a multi-band antenna.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the communication device may further include a frequency conversion unit, which may be connected between the digital unit and the topology network unit, or between the topology network unit and the beamforming unit. The frequency conversion unit may be used to convert between low-frequency signals and high-frequency signals in each radio frequency channel.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the topology network unit may further include an amplifier, which may be disposed at a branch port or a combining port of the first power splitter, or may also be disposed at a branch port or a combining port of the second power splitter, for amplifying the power of the signal in the radio frequency channel.

[0016] In some possible embodiments, the topology network unit may further include a filter, which may be arranged at a branch port or a combining port of the first power splitter, or may also be arranged at a branch port or a combining port of the second power splitter, for filtering the signal in the radio frequency channel, thereby suppressing electromagnetic energy in the non-working frequency band.

[0017] In some possible implementations, the topology network unit may further include a coupler, which may be disposed at a branch port or a combining port of the first power splitter, or may also be disposed at a branch port or a combining port of the second power splitter, for providing feedback on the signal in the radio frequency channel to facilitate subsequent correction of the signal.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the communication device may further include a circuit board, and the topology network unit may be disposed on the circuit board. For example, the digital unit and the beamforming unit may be disposed on the circuit board to improve the integration of the communication device.

[0019] In some possible implementation schemes, the communication device may further include a radio frequency chip, and the topology network unit may be integrated into the radio frequency chip to reduce the implementation cost of the topology network unit.

[0020] In some possible implementations, the communication device may further include a control unit, a clock unit, and a power supply unit. The control unit may be connected to the digital unit, the topology network unit, and the beamforming unit to control the operation of each unit and communication with external interfaces. The clock unit may be connected to the digital unit, the topology network unit, and the beamforming unit to generate a clock signal and provide it to each unit to control the synchronous operation of the related units. The power supply unit may be connected to the digital unit, the topology network unit, and the beamforming unit to convert the external power supply voltage to a voltage compatible with each unit and then power each unit.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a communication device, which may include 2 n RF channels, n is a natural number and n≥1. In addition, the communication device may include a digital unit, a topology network unit, and a beamforming unit, wherein the topology network unit is connected between the digital unit and the beamforming unit, and the topology network unit includes a first power splitter, a second power splitter 2 n Transmission lines and 2 n+1 The first power divider and the second power divider may each include 2 n The first power splitter's combining port is connected to the second power splitter's combining port. n+1 Of the switches, 2 n The switches can be set on the digital unit side and are respectively connected to the 2 n RF channels, and the other 2 n The switches are set on the beamforming unit side and are respectively connected to the 2 n On the digital unit side, each switch can be used to switch the corresponding RF channel between a branch port of the first power splitter and one end of a transmission line; on the beamforming unit side, each switch can be used to switch the corresponding RF channel between a branch port of the first power splitter and the other end of a transmission line.

[0022] In the above scheme, when the RF channel on the digital unit side and the RF channel on the beamforming unit side are connected to the first power divider and the second power divider respectively, a large antenna array aperture can be obtained and the RF bandwidth can be combined. When the RF channel on the digital unit side and the RF channel on the beamforming unit side are connected to the transmission line respectively, the antenna can achieve multiple beam degrees of freedom, thereby realizing multi-user scheduling. Therefore, by adjusting the connection status of each switch, the topology network unit can flexibly switch between the two operating modes described above, thereby adapting the channel and bandwidth of the communication equipment without sacrificing the antenna array aperture.

[0023] In some possible implementations, in the signal transmission direction, the 2 n The signals in the RF channels can be in the same frequency band, and 2 n The center frequencies of the signals in the different RF channels are different. In this case, the bandwidth of the communication equipment can be effectively broadened through the RF bandwidth combining function of the topology network unit.

[0024] In some other possible implementations, in the signal transmission direction, the 2 n The signals in the two RF channels can also be in different frequency bands. In this case, the RF bandwidth of the topology network unit is combined to form a two-way splitter. n 2 split port outputs n Each signal has two frequency bands, which also broadens the bandwidth of the communication equipment.

[0025] In some possible implementations, in the signal receiving direction, the 2 n The signals in the RF channels can be in the same frequency band, and 2 n The center frequencies of the signals in the different RF channels are different. In this case, the bandwidth of the communication equipment can be effectively broadened through the RF bandwidth combining function of the topology network unit.

[0026] In some other possible implementation schemes, in the signal receiving direction, the 2 n The signals in the RF channels can also be in different frequency bands. In this case, the RF bandwidth of the topology network unit is combined to form a 2-way power divider. n 2 split port outputs n Each signal has two frequency bands, which also broadens the bandwidth of the communication equipment.

[0027] In some possible implementations, the communication device may further include an antenna, which may include at least two array surfaces. When n = 1, the communication device includes two radio frequency channels, and the two radio frequency channels on the beamforming unit side may be connected to the two array surfaces of the antenna, respectively. That is, the two radio frequency channels on the beamforming unit side are connected to the two array surfaces of the antenna, respectively. In this case, each radio frequency channel can obtain the aperture of the two antenna array surfaces.

[0028] In some other possible implementations, when n≥2, the 2 n The RF channels can be respectively connected to the 2 n-1 The array surfaces are connected, so that each RF channel can obtain the two array surface apertures of the antenna.

[0029] In some possible implementations, the antenna may be a single-band antenna, or may be a multi-band antenna.

[0030] In some possible implementations, the communication device may further include a frequency conversion unit, which may be connected between the digital unit and the topology network unit, or between the topology network unit and the beamforming unit. The frequency conversion unit may be used to convert between low-frequency signals and high-frequency signals in each radio frequency channel.

[0031] In some possible implementations, the topology network unit may further include an amplifier, which may be disposed at a branch port or a combining port of the first power splitter, or may also be disposed at a branch port or a combining port of the second power splitter, for amplifying the power of the signal in the radio frequency channel.

[0032] In some possible embodiments, the topology network unit may further include a filter, which may be arranged at a branch port or a combining port of the first power splitter, or may also be arranged at a branch port or a combining port of the second power splitter, for filtering the signal in the radio frequency channel, thereby suppressing electromagnetic energy in the non-working frequency band.

[0033] In some possible implementations, the topology network unit may further include a coupler, which may be disposed at a branch port or a combining port of the first power splitter, or may also be disposed at a branch port or a combining port of the second power splitter, for providing feedback on the signal in the radio frequency channel to facilitate subsequent correction of the signal.

[0034] In some possible implementations, the communication device may further include a circuit board, and the topology network unit may be disposed on the circuit board. For example, the digital unit and the beamforming unit may be disposed on the circuit board to improve the integration of the communication device.

[0035] In some possible implementation schemes, the communication device may further include a radio frequency chip, and the topology network unit may be integrated into the radio frequency chip to reduce the implementation cost of the topology network unit.

[0036] In some possible implementations, the communication device may further include a control unit, a clock unit, and a power supply unit. The control unit may be connected to the digital unit, the topology network unit, and the beamforming unit to control the operation of each unit and communication with external interfaces. The clock unit may be connected to the digital unit, the topology network unit, and the beamforming unit to generate a clock signal and provide it to each unit to control the synchronous operation of the related units. The power supply unit may be connected to the digital unit, the topology network unit, and the beamforming unit to convert the external power supply voltage to a voltage compatible with each unit and then power each unit.

[0037] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a communication device, which may include two RF channels, and the communication device may include a digital unit, a topology network unit, and a beamforming unit, wherein the topology network unit is connected between the digital unit and the beamforming unit, and the topology network unit includes a first power splitter, a second power splitter, a third power splitter, a fourth power splitter, and a phase shifter. The combining port of the first power splitter and the combining port of the third power splitter are respectively connected to the two RF channels on the digital unit side, and the combining port of the second power splitter and the combining port of the fourth power splitter are respectively connected to the two RF channels on the beamforming unit side. The first branch port of the first power splitter is connected to the first branch port of the second power splitter; the second branch port of the first power splitter is connected to the first branch port of the fourth power splitter; the first branch port of the third power splitter is connected to the second branch port of the second power splitter, and the second branch port of the third power splitter is connected to the second branch port of the fourth power splitter. The phase shifter is connected between the first branch port of the third power divider and the second branch port of the second power divider, and the phase of the phase shifter can be switched between 0° and 180°.

[0038] In the above scheme, when the phase shifter is at 0°, each RF channel corresponding to the topology network unit can obtain the aperture of both antenna arrays and achieve RF bandwidth combination. When the phase shifter is at 180°, the signals in the two RF channels corresponding to the topology network unit are intertwined and influence each other, and each RF channel can obtain the aperture of both antenna arrays. Therefore, by adjusting the phase shifter, the topology network unit can flexibly switch between the two operating modes, thereby adapting the channel and bandwidth of the communication device without sacrificing the antenna array aperture.

[0039] In some possible implementations, the signals in the two RF channels on the digital unit side can be in the same frequency band, with different center frequencies. In this case, the topology network unit's RF bandwidth combining function can effectively broaden the bandwidth of the communication device.

[0040] In some other possible implementation schemes, in the signal transmission direction, the signals in the two RF channels on the digital unit side can also be in different frequency bands. At this time, through the RF bandwidth combining effect of the topology network unit, the two signals output by the two branch ports of the second power divider both have two frequency bands, thereby also broadening the bandwidth of the communication equipment.

[0041] In some possible implementations, the signals in the two RF channels on the beamforming unit side can be in the same frequency band in the signal reception direction, but with different center frequencies. In this case, the topology network unit's RF bandwidth combining function can effectively broaden the bandwidth of the communication device.

[0042] In some other possible implementation schemes, in the signal receiving direction, the signals in the two RF channels on the beamforming unit side may also be in different frequency bands. At this time, through the RF bandwidth combining effect of the topological network unit, the two signals output by the two branch ports of the first power divider both have two frequency bands, thereby also broadening the bandwidth of the communication equipment.

[0043] In some possible implementations, the communication device may further include an antenna, which may include at least two arrays. The two RF channels on the beamforming unit side may be connected to the two arrays of the antenna, respectively. In this case, each RF channel can obtain the aperture of both antenna arrays.

[0044] In some possible implementations, the antenna may be a single-band antenna, or may be a multi-band antenna.

[0045] In some possible implementations, the communication device may further include a frequency conversion unit, which may be connected between the digital unit and the topology network unit, or between the topology network unit and the beamforming unit. The frequency conversion unit may be used to convert between low-frequency signals and high-frequency signals in each radio frequency channel.

[0046] In some possible embodiments, the topology network unit may further include an amplifier, which may be arranged at a branch port or a combining port of the first power splitter, or may be arranged at a branch port or a combining port of the second power splitter, or may be arranged at a branch port or a combining port of the third power splitter, or may be arranged at a branch port or a combining port of the fourth power splitter, for amplifying the power of the signal in the radio frequency channel.

[0047] In some possible embodiments, the topology network unit may further include a filter, which may be arranged at a branch port or a combining port of the first power splitter, or may be arranged at a branch port or a combining port of the second power splitter, or may be arranged at a branch port or a combining port of the third power splitter, or may be arranged at a branch port or a combining port of the fourth power splitter, for filtering the signal in the radio frequency channel, thereby suppressing electromagnetic energy in the non-working frequency band.

[0048] In some possible embodiments, the topology network unit may further include a coupler, which may be arranged at the branch port or the combining port of the first power splitter, or may be arranged at the branch port or the combining port of the second power splitter, or may be arranged at the branch port or the combining port of the third power splitter, or may be arranged at the branch port or the combining port of the fourth power splitter, so as to provide feedback on the signal in the radio frequency channel to facilitate subsequent correction of the signal.

[0049] In some possible implementations, the communication device may further include a circuit board, and the topology network unit may be disposed on the circuit board. For example, the digital unit and the beamforming unit may be disposed on the circuit board to improve the integration of the communication device.

[0050] In some possible implementation schemes, the communication device may further include a radio frequency chip, and the topology network unit may be integrated into the radio frequency chip to reduce the implementation cost of the topology network unit.

[0051] In some possible implementations, the communication device may further include a control unit, a clock unit, and a power supply unit. The control unit may be connected to the digital unit, the topology network unit, and the beamforming unit to control the operation of each unit and communication with external interfaces. The clock unit may be connected to the digital unit, the topology network unit, and the beamforming unit to generate a clock signal and provide it to each unit to control the synchronous operation of the related units. The power supply unit may be connected to the digital unit, the topology network unit, and the beamforming unit to convert the external power supply voltage to a voltage compatible with each unit and then power each unit.

[0052] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a base station, which may include a baseband processing unit and a communication device according to any possible implementation of the first to third aspects, wherein the communication device is connected to the baseband processing unit. The communication device can achieve good communication performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG5 is an architecture diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG6 is an architecture diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG7 is an architecture diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a topology network unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a spectrum of two radio frequency channels corresponding to the topology network unit shown in FIG8 ;

[0062] FIG10 is another schematic diagram of spectrum of two radio frequency channels corresponding to the topology network unit shown in FIG8 ;

[0063] FIG11 is another schematic diagram of spectrum of two radio frequency channels corresponding to the topology network unit shown in FIG8 ;

[0064] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another topology network provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] FIG13 is another topology network unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another topology network unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the state of the topology network unit shown in FIG14 in the first working mode;

[0068] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the state of the topology network unit shown in FIG14 in the second working mode;

[0069] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another topology network unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the state of the topology network unit shown in FIG17 in the first working mode;

[0071] FIG19 is a schematic diagram of the state of the topology network unit shown in FIG17 in the second working mode;

[0072] FIG20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another topology network unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] FIG21 is a signal flow diagram of the topology network unit shown in FIG20 in the transmission direction;

[0074] FIG22 is a signal flow diagram of the topology network unit shown in FIG20 in the receiving direction.

[0075] Reference numerals:

[0076] 1-antenna; 11-radome; 11a, 11b-array; 111-reflector; 112-antenna unit;

[0077] 2-pole; 3-antenna adjustment bracket; 4-radio remote unit; 5-baseband processing unit; 6-cable;

[0078] 8-communication device; 81-digital unit; 82, 82a, 82b-topology network unit; 821-first power splitter;

[0079] 8211 - first branch port; 8212 - second branch port; 822 - second power divider; 8221 - fifth branch port;

[0080] 8222-sixth branch port; 8213-third branch port; 8214-fourth branch port; 8223-seventh branch port;

[0081] 8224 - eighth branch port; 8211a - first branch port of the first power divider;

[0082] 8212a - second branch port of the first power divider; 8221a - first branch port of the second power divider;

[0083] 8222a - second branch port of the second power divider; 8271a - first branch port of the third power divider;

[0084] 8272a - second branch port of the third power divider; 8281a - first branch port of the fourth power divider;

[0085] 8282a - second branch port of the fourth power divider; 83 - beamforming unit; 84 - control unit; 85 - power supply unit;

[0086] 86-clock unit; 87-frequency conversion unit; 823-amplifier; 824-filter; 825-coupler; 826-transmission line;

[0087] 826-1 - first transmission line; 826-2 - second transmission line; 826-3 - third transmission line; 826-4 - fourth transmission line;

[0088] 827-third power divider; 828-fourth power divider; 829-phase shifter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0089] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be understood as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein; on the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present application more comprehensive and complete, and to fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same figure marks in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their repeated descriptions will be omitted. The words expressing position and direction described in this application are all explained using the accompanying drawings as examples, but changes can be made as needed, and all changes are included in the scope of protection of this application. The drawings in this application are only used to illustrate relative position relationships and do not represent true proportions.

[0090] It should be noted that specific details are set forth in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in a variety of ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. The subsequent description of the specification is a preferred embodiment of the present application. Of course, the description is for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application shall be determined by the appended claims.

[0091] Figure 1 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a system architecture applicable to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, the system architecture includes a wireless access device and a terminal, and wireless communication can be carried out between the wireless access device and the terminal. The embodiment shown in Figure 1 is illustrated by taking the wireless access device as a base station as an example. The wireless access device can be located in a base station bubsystem (BBS), a terrestrial radio access network (UMTS terrestrial radio access network, UTRAN) or an evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRAN), and is used to provide cell coverage of wireless signals to achieve connection between the terminal device and the wireless network radio frequency end. Specifically, the base station can be a base station (base transceiver station, BTS) in a GSM or CDMA system, a base station (NodeB, NB) in a WCDMA system, an evolutionary base station (eNB or eNodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario, or the base station can also be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a base station in a 5G network, or a base station in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc., for example, a new wireless base station, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0092] Referring to Figure 2, Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a base station in an embodiment of the present application. The base station includes an antenna 1, a pole 2, an antenna adjustment bracket 3, a remote radio unit (RRU) 4, and a baseband unit (BBU) 5. The RRU 4 and the BBU 5 can be connected via a cable 6. The antenna 1 can be installed on the pole 2 or the tower via the antenna adjustment bracket 3 to facilitate the reception or transmission of the antenna 1 signal. In a specific implementation, the antenna may further include an antenna cover 11. The antenna cover 11 has good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics in terms of electrical performance and can withstand the influence of harsh external environments in terms of mechanical performance, thereby protecting the antenna 1 from the influence of the external environment.

[0093] RRU 4 can be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and frequency conversion on the signal received by antenna 1, and convert it into an intermediate frequency signal or baseband signal to send to the BBU. Alternatively, RRU 4 can be used to convert the intermediate frequency signal of the BBU into electromagnetic waves after up-conversion and amplification through antenna 1 and send it out.

[0094] In some embodiments, the RRU 4 may be integrated with the antenna 1, and the BBU may be located at the remote end of the antenna 1. In other embodiments, the RRU 4 and the BBU 5 may be located at the remote end of the antenna 1. The RRU 4 and the BBU 5 may be connected via a cable.

[0095] In some other implementations, the base station may also adopt an active antenna unit (AAU) architecture. In this case, in addition to the AAU, the base station may also include structures such as a pole, an antenna adjustment bracket, and a BBU. The AAU may include an antenna, a radio frequency processing unit, and a radome. The antenna and the radio frequency processing unit are arranged in the radome, and the radio frequency processing unit is connected to the antenna's feed structure. The radio frequency processing unit can be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and frequency conversion on the signal received by the antenna, and convert it into an intermediate frequency signal or baseband signal and send it to the BBU. Alternatively, the radio frequency processing unit can be used to convert the intermediate frequency signal of the BBU into an electromagnetic wave through the antenna after up-conversion and amplification.

[0096] In the above two types of base stations, the antenna can be a single-frequency antenna, such as the frequency band of the antenna can be 24.25~27.5GHz band, 26.5~29.5GHz band or 37~43GHz band, or it can be a dual-band antenna, such as 26.5~29.5GHz band + 37~43GHz band. The specific frequency band can be determined according to actual needs, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0097] Refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Antenna 1 may include a reflector 111 and multiple antenna units 112. The reflector 111 and antenna units 112 may be disposed within a radome 11. Antenna units 112, which may also be referred to as antenna elements or oscillators, effectively transmit or receive antenna signals. Reflector 111, which may also be referred to as a base plate, antenna panel, or reflective surface, may be made of metal. When antenna 1 receives a signal, reflector 111 reflects and focuses the antenna signal at the receiving point. When antenna 1 transmits a signal, it reflects and transmits the signal that hits reflector 111. Antenna units 112 are typically placed on one side of reflector 111. This not only greatly enhances the antenna's signal reception or transmission capabilities, but also blocks and shields interference from other radio waves originating from the back side of reflector 111 (the back side of reflector 111 in this application refers to the side of reflector 111 opposite to the side where antenna units 112 are located).

[0098] In this embodiment, the surface of the reflector 111 on one side of which the antenna units 112 are provided can be divided into multiple areas, each of which is equivalent to an array face of the antenna 1. In a specific implementation, the antenna 1 can include two or more array faces. FIG3 illustrates an example of an antenna 1 including two array faces 11a and 11b. Each array face can include multiple antenna units 112 arranged in an array. FIG3 shows a case where each array face includes 32 antenna units 112. It should be understood that the number of antenna faces and the number of antenna units 112 in each array face are not limited to the numbers listed above. In actual applications, the number of both can be designed based on the communication requirements of the base station, and will not be further described here.

[0099] In some embodiments, antenna unit 112 may be a dual-polarized antenna. In this case, each antenna unit 112 corresponds to two signals. Therefore, for a base station using the antenna shown in FIG3 , there are a total of 128 signals, or 128 independent RF channels. The polarization directions of the two signals corresponding to antenna unit 112 may be orthogonal, for example, +45 degrees and -45 degrees, respectively. In this case, antenna unit 112 may radiate the signal energy of the corresponding two RF channels into space in the directions of +45-degree and -45-degree polarized electromagnetic waves, respectively.

[0100] Referring to Figure 4, Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the antenna 1 may also include multiple array planes (such as 11a, 11b), and each array plane includes multiple antenna units 112 arranged in an array. Similarly, the antenna unit 112 may also be a dual-polarized antenna. Different from the aforementioned embodiment, the polarization directions of the two signals corresponding to the antenna unit 112 in this embodiment may be vertical or horizontal polarization. At this time, the antenna unit 112 can radiate the signal energy of the corresponding two channels into space in the directions of horizontal and vertical polarized electromagnetic waves, respectively.

[0101] Currently, with the rapid development of 5G technology, millimeter-wave frequency bands are attracting significant attention due to their ultra-wide spectrum resources (such as the 24.25-27.5 GHz, 26.5-29.5 GHz, and 37-43 GHz bands). To fully utilize these spectrum resources, some RRU or AAU designs often increase the number of channels in exchange for increased bandwidth, given the limited bandwidth capabilities of existing digital chips. However, this approach reduces the antenna array aperture, which in turn reduces the effective isotropic radiated power. Given that millimeter-wave systems inherently face coverage constraints due to their high frequency band and high path loss, these issues will further exacerbate coverage contraction.

[0102] To address this issue, embodiments of the present application provide a communication device that balances bandwidth, number of channels, and effective isotropic radiated power without sacrificing antenna array aperture, thereby improving communication capabilities and quality. This application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0103] Referring to FIG5 , FIG5 is an architecture diagram of a communication device 8 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 8 may be the RRU of the base station shown in FIG2 , or may be an AAU, and the present application does not limit this. The communication device 8 may include a digital unit 81, a topology network unit 82, and a beamforming unit 83, wherein one side of the digital unit 81 may be connected to the BBU, and the other side may be connected to the topology network unit 82, and one side of the beamforming unit 83 may be connected to the topology network unit 82, and the other side may be connected to the antenna 1. The communication device 8 may have multiple (e.g., greater than or equal to 2) n The number of topology network units 82 can be one or more, and each topology network unit 82 can correspond to two of the communication device 8. n RF channel settings, where n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.

[0104] In addition, the communication device 8 may also include a circuit board. The aforementioned digital unit, topology network unit, and beamforming unit may be disposed on the circuit board to improve the integration of the communication device. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the topology network unit may be integrated into a single chip, which may then be packaged on the circuit board. For example, the chip may be a radio frequency chip or a digital chip, etc., which is not limited in this application.

[0105] When the communication device 8 transmits a signal, the digital unit 81 can be used to receive multiple baseband digital signals from the BBU, and convert the multiple baseband digital signals into radio frequency signals and transmit them to each topology network unit 82. The topology network unit 82 can be used to convert the corresponding 2 n The bandwidth of the signals in the RF channels is combined and transmitted to the beamforming unit 83. The beamforming unit 83 can be used to adjust the phase and amplitude of the signals in each RF channel and combine the 2 corresponding to each topology network unit 82. n The signals in each RF channel are fed to the base station antenna 1 according to a certain phase and amplitude, and the antenna 1 transmits the signal into space.

[0106] On the contrary, when the communication device 8 receives a signal, the antenna 1 transmits the multi-path signal received from the space to the beamforming unit 83, and the beamforming unit 83 transmits the multi-path signal to each topology network unit 82 according to a certain phase and amplitude. The topology network unit 82 can be used to transmit the corresponding 2 n The bandwidths of the signals in the radio frequency channels are combined and transmitted to the digital unit 81, which then converts the radio frequency signals in the radio frequency channels into digital baseband signals and transmits them to the BBU.

[0107] In some embodiments, the digital unit 81 may include an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), an upconverter, a downconverter, a filter, etc. The beamforming unit 83 may include a phase shifter, a power splitter, etc.

[0108] Continuing with Figure 5 , the communication device 8 may further include a control unit 84, a power supply unit 85, and a clock unit 86. Each of these three units is connected to the digital unit 81, the topology network unit 82, and the beamforming unit 83. The control unit 84 may be used to control the operation of each unit of the communication device 8 and its communication with external interfaces. The power supply unit 85 may be used to convert an external power supply voltage into a voltage compatible with each unit of the communication device 8 and then power each unit. The clock unit 86 may be used to generate a clock signal and provide it to each unit of the communication device 8 to control the synchronous operation of the related units.

[0109] Referring to Figure 6, Figure 6 is an architectural diagram of another communication device 8 provided in an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the communication device may further include a frequency conversion unit 87. Exemplarily, the frequency conversion unit 87 may be connected between the digital unit 81 and the topology network unit 82, and may be used to realize the conversion between low-frequency signals and high-frequency signals in each radio frequency channel. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the low-frequency signal may be understood as a signal with a frequency less than 10 GHz, and correspondingly, the high-frequency signal may be understood as a signal with a frequency greater than or equal to 10 GHz, such as but not limited to a microwave signal, a millimeter wave signal or a terahertz wave signal, etc. The following embodiments are mainly described by taking the high-frequency signal as a millimeter wave signal as an example. At this time, in the signal transmission direction, the frequency conversion unit 87 may be specifically used to convert the radio frequency signal into a millimeter wave signal, and in the signal receiving direction, the frequency conversion unit 87 is used to convert the millimeter wave signal into a low-frequency radio frequency signal.

[0110] Referring to FIG. 7 , FIG. 7 is an architecture diagram of another communication device 8 provided in an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the communication device 8 may also include a frequency conversion unit 87 . Unlike the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 , in this embodiment, the frequency conversion unit 87 may be connected between the topology network unit 82 and the beamforming unit 83 . The functions implemented by the frequency conversion unit 87 are the same as those in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0111] In some embodiments, the topology network unit 82 may include a first power splitter 821 and a second power splitter 822. The first power splitter 821 may include a combining port and two n Similarly, the second power divider 822 may also include a combining port and 2 n The first power divider 821 has two branch ports. n The two branch ports can be connected to the digital unit side n The RF channels are connected, the combining port of the first power divider 821 is connected to the combining port of the second power divider 822, and the 2 nThe branch ports are connected to the 2 n For example, the first power divider 821 and the second power divider 822 include but are not limited to a T-type power divider, a Wilkinson power divider, etc., which is not limited in this application.

[0112] Referring to Figure 8, Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a topology network unit 82 provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 8, for the case of n=1, the specific configuration of the topology network unit 82 is described. In this case, each topology network unit 82 corresponds to two RF channels, and the number of topology network units 82 in the communication device 8 is half the total number of RF channels. For example, for the antenna shown in Figure 3 or Figure 4, 64 topology network units 82 can be set in the communication device 8. For any topology network unit 82, on the side where the topology network unit 82 is connected to the beamforming unit, the beamforming unit can connect the two RF channels to one antenna unit in the two array planes of the antenna, respectively, or it can be understood that each antenna unit can be connected to one RF channel in the topology network unit. For dual-polarization antennas, since each antenna unit in the array plane corresponds to two signals, the two signals need to be provided by the RF channels of the two topology network units 82 respectively. For ease of description, the two topology network units 82 are defined as a combined unit below. This combination unit corresponds to the four RF channels of the communication device 8, and the four RF channels can be connected to two antenna units located in different array planes. The four RF channels corresponding to this combination unit are defined as the first channel C1, the second channel C2, the third channel C3, and the fourth channel C4. In a specific implementation, one topology network unit 82a of the combination unit is configured to correspond to the first channel C1 and the second channel C2. On the beamforming unit side, the first channel C1 and the second channel C2 are connected to the two antenna units located in different array planes, respectively. Another topology network unit 82b is configured to correspond to the third channel C3 and the fourth channel C4. On the beamforming unit side, the third channel C3 and the fourth channel C4 are also connected to the aforementioned two antenna units, respectively.

[0113] In the above-mentioned combination unit, the two branch ports of the first power splitter 821 of one topology network unit 82a are defined as the first branch port 8211 and the second branch port 8212, respectively. The two branch ports of the first power splitter of the other topology network unit 82b are defined as the third branch port 8213 and the fourth branch port 8214, respectively. Furthermore, the two branch ports of the second power splitter 822 of one topology network unit 82a are defined as the fifth branch port 8221 and the sixth branch port 8222, respectively. The two branch ports of the second power splitter 822 of the other topology network unit 82b are defined as the seventh branch port 8223 and the eighth branch port 8224, respectively. On the side of the topology network unit 82 connected to the digital unit, the first channel C1 and the second channel C2 input signals x1 and x2 to the first branch port 8211 and the second branch port 8212, respectively. The third channel C3 and the fourth channel C4 input signals x3 and x4 to the third branch port 8213 and the fourth branch port 8214, respectively. On the side where the topology network unit 82 is connected to the beamforming unit, the fifth branch port 8221 and the sixth branch port 8222 output signals y1 and y2 to the first channel C1 and the second channel C2, respectively, and the seventh branch port 8223 and the eighth branch port 8224 output signals y3 and y4 to the third channel C3 and the fourth channel C4, respectively.

[0114] In the signal transmission direction, x1 and x2 are transmitted to the topology network unit 82a through the first branch port 8211 and the second branch port 8212, respectively. After passing through the topology network unit 82a, y1 and y2 are output to the beamforming unit through the fifth branch port 8221 and the sixth branch port 8222, respectively. It can be seen that y1 = y2 = x1 + x2, or it can be expressed as:

[0115]

[0116] The beamforming unit can feed the two antenna planes after adjusting the phase and amplitude of y1 and y2. For example, for antenna 1 in Figure 3 or Figure 4, the beamforming structure can feed the adjusted y1 to an antenna element 112 in the upper plane 11a and the adjusted y2 to an antenna element 112 in the lower plane 11b.

[0117] Similarly, x3 and x4 are transmitted to the topology network unit 82b through the third branch port 8213 and the fourth branch port 8214, respectively. After passing through the topology network unit 82b, y3 and y4 are output to the beamforming unit through the seventh branch port 8223 and the eighth branch port 8224, respectively. y3=y4=x3+x4. Similarly, it can be expressed as:

[0118]

[0119] The beamforming unit may feed the antenna unit 112 in the upper array plane 11a after adjusting the phase and amplitude of y3, and feed the antenna unit 112 in the lower array plane 11b after adjusting the phase and amplitude of y4.

[0120] In the signal receiving direction, the beamforming unit adjusts the phase and amplitude of the two signals from the two array surfaces of the antenna and outputs y1 and y2. Taking the antenna in Figure 3 or Figure 4 as an example, the two signals can come from an antenna unit 112 in the upper array surface 11a and an antenna unit 112 in the lower array surface 11a respectively. y1 and y2 are transmitted to the topology network unit 82a through the fifth branch port 8221 and the sixth branch port 8222 respectively. After passing through the topology network unit 82a, x1 and x2 are output respectively by the first branch port 8211 and the second branch port 8212. x1 = x2 = y1 + y2, that is,

[0121]

[0122] Similarly, the beamforming unit adjusts the phase and amplitude of another signal from the antenna unit 112 in the upper array 11a and outputs y3, and adjusts the phase and amplitude of another signal from the antenna unit 112 in the lower array 11a and outputs y4. y3 and y4 are transmitted to the topology network unit 82b through the seventh branch port 8223 and the eighth branch port 8224, respectively. After passing through the topology network unit 82b, the third branch port 8213 and the fourth branch port 8214 output x3 and x4, respectively. x3 = x4 = y3 + y4, that is,

[0123]

[0124] From the above analysis, it can be seen that the signals in the two RF channels on the digital unit side can be connected to the two array surfaces of the antenna after passing through the topological network unit 82 shown in Figure 8, which is equivalent to the two RF channels corresponding to the topological network unit 82 being connected to the two array surfaces 11a and 11b of antenna 1. Therefore, each RF channel can obtain the aperture of the two array surfaces 11a and 11b of antenna 1 (when antenna 1 has only two array surfaces, the full antenna array aperture can be obtained). In addition, in the signal transmission direction, the bandwidth of the two signals y1 and y2 output by the topology network unit 82 is the bandwidth after the signals x1 and x2 are combined, and the bandwidth of the two signals y3 and y4 output by the topology network unit 82 is the bandwidth after the signals x3 and x4 are combined. In the signal receiving direction, the bandwidth of the two signals x1 and x2 output by the topology network unit 82 is the bandwidth after the signals y1 and y2 are combined, and the bandwidth of the two signals x3 and x4 output by the topology network unit 82 is the bandwidth after the signals y3 and y4 are combined, that is, the RF bandwidth is combined, and the two RF channels corresponding to the topology network unit 82 are equivalent to one, thereby providing feasibility for bandwidth improvement of the communication equipment.

[0125] In the embodiment of the present application, for each combination unit, when the communication device transmits a signal, x1 and x2 can be signals of the same frequency band, or signals of different frequency bands. When x1 and x2 are signals of the same frequency band, the center frequencies of x1 and x2 can be the same or different. Similarly, x3 and x4 can be signals of the same frequency band, or signals of different frequency bands. When x3 and x4 are signals of the same frequency band, the center frequencies of x3 and x4 can be the same or different. When the communication device receives a signal, y1 and y2 can be signals of the same frequency band, or signals of different frequency bands. When y1 and y2 are signals of the same frequency band, the center frequencies of y1 and y2 can be the same or different. Similarly, y3 and y4 can be signals of the same frequency band, or signals of different frequency bands. When y3 and y4 are signals of the same frequency band, the center frequencies of y3 and y4 can be the same or different.

[0126] The above-mentioned different situations are described below in detail by taking one of the topology network units 82 in the combination unit as an example.

[0127] With reference to Figures 8 and 9 , in a specific embodiment, in the direction of signal transmission, x1 and x2 are in the same frequency band, and the center frequency and bandwidth of x1 and x2 are the same. For example, x1 and x2 are both in the 24.25-27.5GHz frequency band, with the same center frequency of 26GHz and a bandwidth of 400M. After x1 and x2 pass through the topology network unit 82, the center frequency of the signals y1 and y2 output by the two branch ports of the second power divider 822 are both 26GHz and 400M respectively. Conversely, in the direction of signal reception, y1 and y2 are in the same frequency band, and the center frequency and bandwidth of y1 and y2 are the same. For example, y1 and y2 are both in the frequency band of 24.25~27.5GHz, with the same center frequency of 26GHz and a bandwidth of 400M. After y1 and y2 pass through the topology network unit, the center frequencies of x1 and x2 output by the two branch ports of the first power divider 821 are both 26GHz and the bandwidth is both 400M.

[0128] Referring to Figures 8 and 10 , in another specific embodiment, in the signal transmission direction, x1 and x2 are in the same frequency band, but have different center frequencies and the same bandwidth. For example, x1 and x2 are both in the 24.25-27.5 GHz frequency band, with x1 having a center frequency of 25.8 GHz and a bandwidth of 400 MHz, and x2 having a center frequency of 26.2 GHz and a bandwidth of 400 MHz. Then, the signals y1 and y2 outputted from the two branch ports of the second power divider 822 have the same center frequency of 26 GHz and the same bandwidth of 800 MHz. Conversely, in the signal reception direction, y1 and y2 are in the same frequency band, but have different center frequencies and the same bandwidth. For example, y1 and y2 are both in the frequency band of 24.25~27.5GHz, the center frequency of y1 is 25.8GHz, the bandwidth is 400M, the center frequency of y2 is 26.2GHz, and the bandwidth is 400M. Then the center frequencies of signals x1 and x2 output by the two branch ports of the first power divider 821 are both 26G and 800M respectively.

[0129] Referring to Figures 8 and 11 , in another specific embodiment, in the signal transmission direction, x1 and x2 are in different frequency bands and have different bandwidths. For example, x1 is in the 24.25-27.5 GHz frequency band, with a center frequency of 26 GHz and a bandwidth of 400 MHz, and x2 is in the 37-43 GHz frequency band, with a center frequency of 39 GHz and a bandwidth of 800 MHz. Then, the signals y1 and y2 output by the two branch ports of the second power divider 822 each have two frequency bands, one of which has a center frequency of 26 GHz and a bandwidth of 800 MHz, and the other has a center frequency of 39 GHz and a bandwidth of 800 MHz. Conversely, in the signal reception direction, y1 and y2 are in different frequency bands and have different bandwidths. For example, y1 is in the frequency band of 24.25~27.5GHz, with a center frequency of 26G and a bandwidth of 400M; y2 is in the frequency band of 37~43GHz, with a center frequency of 39GHz and a bandwidth of 800M. Then the signals x1 and x2 output by the two branch ports of the first power divider 821 each have two frequency bands, one of which has a center frequency of 26G and a bandwidth of 800M, and the other has a center frequency of 39G and a bandwidth of 800M.

[0130] With reference to FIG12 , FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another topology network provided in an embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, the topology network unit 82 may further include an amplifier 823, and the amplifier 823 may be provided at the branch port of the first power divider 821 or the combining port of the first power divider 821 to amplify the power of the signal in the radio frequency channel. Of course, in some other embodiments, the amplifier 823 may also be provided at the branch port or combining port of the second power divider 822. Alternatively, amplifiers may be provided at each branch port and combining port of the first power divider 821 and each branch port of the second power divider 822. The present application does not limit the specific location and quantity of the amplifier in the topology network unit 82, and it can be designed according to actual needs. For example, FIG12 shows a case where the amplifier is provided at a branch port of the first power divider 821.

[0131] In some embodiments, the topology network unit 82 may further include a filter 824, which may be provided at the branch port of the first power splitter 821 or the combining port of the first power splitter 821 to filter the signal in the radio frequency channel, thereby suppressing the electromagnetic energy in the non-working frequency band. Of course, in some other embodiments, the filter 824 may also be provided at the branch port or combining port of the second power splitter 822. Alternatively, filters 824 may be provided at each branch port and combining port of the first power splitter 821 and each branch port of the second power splitter 822. The present application does not limit the specific location and quantity of the filter 824 in the topology network unit 82, and it can be designed according to actual needs. For example, FIG12 shows a case where the filter 824 is provided at the combining port of the first power splitter 821. In this case, it can also be understood that the filter 824 is provided at the combining port of the second power splitter 822.

[0132] In some embodiments, the topology network unit 82 may further include a coupler 825. The coupler 825 may be disposed at the branch port of the first power splitter 821 or the combining port of the first power splitter 821 to provide feedback on the signal in the radio frequency channel for subsequent signal correction. Of course, in other embodiments, the coupler 825 may also be disposed at the branch port or combining port of the second power splitter 822. Alternatively, a coupler 825 may be disposed at each branch port and combining port of the first power splitter 821 and each branch port of the second power splitter 822. The present application does not limit the specific location and quantity of the coupler 825 in the topology network unit 82, and the coupler 825 may be designed according to actual needs. For example, FIG12 shows a case where the coupler 825 is disposed at a branch port of the second power splitter 822.

[0133] Referring to Figure 13, Figure 13 shows another topology network unit 82 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The topology network unit 82 shows the case of n=2, that is, each topology network unit 82 corresponds to the four radio frequency channel settings of the communication device. For any topology network unit 82, on the side where the topology network unit 82 is connected to the beamforming unit, the beamforming unit can connect the four radio frequency channels to one antenna unit in the two array planes of the antenna respectively. Similarly, the four branch ports of the first power splitter 821 defining the topology network unit 82 are respectively the first branch port 8211, the second branch port 8212, the third branch port 8213 and the fourth branch port 8214, and the four branch ports of the second power splitter 822 are respectively the fifth branch port 8221, the sixth branch port 8222, the seventh branch port 8223 and the eighth branch port 8224. On the side of the topology network unit 82 connected to the digital unit, the first channel C1 inputs signal x1 to the first branch port 8211, the second channel C2 inputs signal x2 to the second branch port 8212, the third channel C3 inputs signal x3 to the third branch port 8213, and the fourth channel C4 inputs signal x4 to the fourth branch port 8214. On the side of the topology network unit 82 connected to the beamforming unit, the fifth branch port 8221 outputs signal y1 to the first channel C1, the sixth branch port 8222 outputs signal y2 to the first channel C2, the seventh branch port 8223 outputs signal y3 to the first channel C3, and the eighth branch port 8224 outputs signal y4 to the first channel C4.

[0134] In the signal transmission direction, x1, x2, x3, and x4 are respectively transmitted to the topology network unit 82 through the four branch ports of the first power splitter 821. After passing through the topology network unit 82, the four branch ports of the second power splitter 822 output y1, y2, y3, and y4 to the beamforming unit. It can be seen that y1 = y2 = y3 = y4 = x1 + x2 + x3 + x4, or it can be expressed as:

[0135]

[0136] The beamforming unit can adjust the phase and amplitude of y1 and y3 and feed them to an antenna element in one array plane of the antenna, thereby providing two signals to that antenna element. Simultaneously, the beamforming unit can adjust the phase and amplitude of y2 and y4 and feed them to an antenna element in another array plane of the antenna, thereby providing two signals to that antenna element. For example, for antenna 1 in Figure 3 or Figure 4, the beamforming structure can feed the adjusted y1 and y3 to an antenna element 112 in the upper array plane 11a, and feed the adjusted y2 and y4 to an antenna element 112 in the lower array plane 11b.

[0137] In the signal receiving direction, the beamforming unit adjusts the phase and amplitude of the four signals from the two antenna units in different array planes and outputs y1, y2, y3, and y4. Taking the antenna in Figure 3 or Figure 4 as an example, y1 and y3 of the four signals can come from an antenna unit 112 in the upper array plane 11a, and y2 and y4 can come from an antenna unit 112 in the lower array plane 11b. y1, y2, y3, and y4 are respectively transmitted to the topology network unit 82 through the four branch ports of the second power divider 822. After passing through the topology network unit 82, the four branch ports of the first power divider 821 output x1, x2, x3, and x4 respectively, x1 = x2 = x3 = x4 = y1 + y2 + y3 + y4, that is,

[0138]

[0139] From the above analysis, it can be seen that the signals in the four RF channels on the digital unit side can be connected to the two array faces 11a and 11b of antenna 1 after passing through the topology network unit 82 shown in Figure 13. This is equivalent to the four RF channels corresponding to the topology network unit 82 being connected to the two array faces 11a and 11b of antenna 1. Therefore, each RF channel can obtain the aperture of the two array faces of antenna 1 (when the antenna has only two array faces, the full antenna array aperture can be obtained). In addition, in the signal transmission direction, the bandwidth of the four signals y1, y2, y3, and y4 output by the topology network unit 82 are all the bandwidths after the signals x1, x2, x3, and x4 are combined. In the signal receiving direction, the bandwidth of the four signals x1, x2, x3, and x4 output by the topology network unit 82 are all the bandwidths after the signals y1, y2, y3, and y4 are combined, that is, the RF bandwidth is combined, thereby providing feasibility for bandwidth improvement of the communication device.

[0140] In addition, in this embodiment, for each topology network unit 82, when the communication device transmits a signal, the frequency bands of x1, x2, x3, and x4 can be set with reference to the aforementioned embodiment. Similarly, when the communication device receives a signal, the frequency bands of y1, y2, y3, and y4 can also be set with reference to the aforementioned embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0141] The above embodiments respectively illustrate the two cases of n=1 and n=2. When n is 3 or other values ​​greater than 3, the settings can be made with reference to the case of n=2. For example, when n=3, the topology network unit 82 is set to correspond to the 8 RF channels of the communication device. On the side where the topology network unit 82 is connected to the beamforming unit, the beamforming unit can connect the 8 RF channels to one antenna unit in the 4 array planes of the antenna respectively; when n=4, the topology network unit 82 is set to correspond to the 16 RF channels of the communication device. On the side where the topology network unit 82 is connected to the beamforming unit, the beamforming unit can connect the 16 RF channels to one antenna unit in the 8 array planes of the antenna respectively, and so on. It can be seen that when n≥2, the number of array planes contained in the antenna is at least 2. n-1 When the number of antenna arrays is 2 n-1 At this time, each radio frequency channel corresponding to the topology network unit 82 can obtain the full antenna array aperture.

[0142] In some other embodiments, the topology network unit 82 may include a first power splitter 821, a second power splitter 822, and a second power splitter 823. n 826 transmission lines and 2 n+1 switches S1 to S2 n+1 Similar to the above embodiment, the first power divider 821 may include a combining port and 2 n Similarly, the second power divider 822 may also include a combining port and 2 n The combining port of the first power divider 821 is connected to the combining port of the second power divider 822. n+1 Of the switches, 2 n A switch is set on the digital unit side and is connected to the 2 n The RF channels correspond one to one, and the other 2 n A switch is set on the beamforming unit side and is connected to the 2 n There is a one-to-one correspondence between the RF channels.

[0143] On the digital unit side, each switch can be used to switch the corresponding RF channel between a branch port of the first power divider 821 and one end of a transmission line. On the beamforming unit side, each switch can be used to switch the corresponding RF channel between a branch port of the second power divider 822 and the other end of a transmission line.

[0144] Referring to Figure 14, Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another topology network unit 82 provided in an embodiment of the present application. In Figure 14, the specific setting method of the topology network unit 82 is described by taking the case of n=1 as an example. Similar to the above embodiment, the following still defines two topology network units 82 as a combination unit. The combination unit corresponds to the four radio frequency channels of the communication device, and the four radio frequency channels can be connected to two antenna units located in different array planes respectively. In this combination unit, the branch ports of each power divider of the two topology network units 82 and their corresponding radio frequency channels can be defined with reference to the embodiment shown in Figure 8. When n=1, a topology unit includes 2 transmission lines and 4 switches. The two transmission lines of one topology network unit 82a are defined as the first transmission line 826-1 and the second transmission line 826-2, and the two transmission lines of the other topology network unit 82b are defined as the third transmission line 826-3 and the fourth transmission line 826-4. The two switches on the digital unit side of one topology network unit 82b are defined as a first switch S1 and a second switch S2, respectively. The two switches on the digital unit side of the other topology network unit 82b are defined as a third switch S3 and a fourth switch S4. The two switches on the beamforming unit side of one topology network unit 82a are defined as a fifth switch S5 and a sixth switch S6, respectively. The two switches on the beamforming unit side of the other topology network unit 82b are defined as a seventh switch S7 and an eighth switch S8.

[0145] In a specific implementation, on the side where the topology network unit 82 is connected to the digital unit, the first switch S1 can be used to switch the first channel C1 between the first branch port 8211 and one end of the first transmission line 826-1; the second switch S2 can be used to switch the second channel C2 between the second branch port 8212 and one end of the second transmission line 826-2; the third switch S3 can be used to switch the third channel C3 between the third branch port 8213 and one end of the third transmission line 826-3; and the fourth switch S4 can be used to switch the fourth channel C4 between the fourth branch port 8214 and one end of the fourth transmission line 826-4.

[0146] On the side where the topology network unit 82 is connected to the beamforming unit, the fifth switch S5 can be used to switch the first channel C1 between the fifth branch port 8221 and the other end of the first transmission line 826-1; the sixth switch S6 can be used to switch the second channel C2 between the sixth branch port 8222 and the other end of the second transmission line 826-2; the seventh switch S7 can be used to switch the third channel C3 between the seventh branch port 8223 and the other end of the third transmission line 826-3; and the eighth switch S8 can be used to switch the fourth channel C4 between the eighth branch port 8224 and the other end of the fourth transmission line 826-4.

[0147] In this embodiment, the topology network unit 82 can be switched between two operating modes by switching the connection status of each switch. The two operating modes of the topology network unit 82 are described below.

[0148] Referring to FIG. 15 , FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating the topology network unit 82 shown in FIG. 14 in a first operating mode. In this operating mode, on the side of the topology network unit 82 connected to the digital unit, the first switch S1 connects the first channel C1 to the first branch port 8211, the second switch S2 connects the second channel C2 to the second branch port 8212, the third switch S3 connects the third channel C3 to the third branch port 8213, and the fourth switch S4 connects the fourth channel C4 to the fourth branch port 8214. On the side of the topology network unit 82 connected to the beamforming unit, the fifth switch S5 connects the first channel C1 to the fifth branch port 8221, the sixth switch S6 connects the second channel C2 to the sixth branch port 8222, the seventh switch S7 connects the third channel C3 to the seventh branch port 8223, and the eighth switch S8 connects the fourth channel C4 to the eighth branch port 8224. At this time, the topology network unit has the same function as that implemented in the embodiment shown in Figure 8, that is, each RF channel corresponding to the topology network unit 82 can obtain the aperture of the two antenna arrays and can realize the combination of RF bandwidth. The specific implementation process can refer to the description in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0149] Referring to FIG. 16 , FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating the state of the topology network unit shown in FIG. 14 in a second operating mode. In this operating mode, on the side of the topology network unit 82 connected to the digital unit, the first switch S1 connects the first channel C1 to one end of the first transmission line 826-1, the second switch S2 connects the second channel C2 to one end of the second transmission line 826-2, the third switch S3 connects the third channel C3 to one end of the third transmission line 826-3, and the fourth switch S4 connects the fourth channel C4 to one end of the fourth transmission line 826-4. On the side of the topology network unit 82 connected to the beamforming unit, the fifth switch S5 connects the first channel C1 to the other end of the first transmission line 826-1, the sixth switch S6 connects the second channel C2 to the other end of the second transmission line 826-2, the seventh switch S7 connects the third channel C3 to the other end of the third transmission line 826-3, and the eighth switch S8 connects the fourth channel C4 to the other end of the fourth transmission line 826-4.

[0150] In the signal transmission direction, the first channel C1 and the second channel C2 of the digital unit input signals x1 and x2 to the topology network unit 82a respectively, and the topology network unit 82a outputs y1 and y2 that satisfy: y1 = x1, y2 = x2. Or it can be expressed as:

[0151]

[0152] The beamforming unit can feed the phase and amplitude of y1 and y2 to the two antenna planes after adjusting them. For example, for the antenna in Figure 3 or Figure 4, the beamforming unit can feed the adjusted y1 to an antenna element 112 in the upper plane 11a and feed the adjusted y2 to an antenna element 112 in the lower plane 11b.

[0153] Similarly, the third channel C3 and the fourth channel C4 on the digital unit side input signals x3 and x4 to the topology network unit 82b respectively, and the output signals y3 and y4 of the topology network unit 82b satisfy: y3=x3, y4=x4. It can also be expressed as:

[0154]

[0155] The beamforming unit may feed the antenna unit 112 in the upper array plane 11a after adjusting the phase and amplitude of y3, and feed the antenna unit 112 in the lower array plane 11b after adjusting the phase and amplitude of y4.

[0156] In the signal receiving direction, the beamforming unit adjusts the phase and amplitude of the two signals from the two antenna planes and outputs y1 and y2. Taking the antenna in Figure 3 or Figure 4 as an example, the two signals can come from an antenna unit 112 in the upper plane 11a and an antenna unit 112 in the lower plane 11b respectively. The x1 and x2 output by the topology network unit 82a satisfy: x1 = y1, x2 = y2, that is,

[0157]

[0158] Similarly, the beamforming unit adjusts the phase and amplitude of another signal from the antenna unit 112 in the upper array 11a and outputs y3, and adjusts the phase and amplitude of another signal from the antenna unit 112 in the lower array 11b and outputs y4. The x3 and x4 output by the topology network unit 82a satisfy: x3 = y3, x4 = y4, that is,

[0159]

[0160] From the above analysis, it can be seen that in the second working mode of the topology network unit 82, the signals in the two RF channels on the digital unit side pass through the topology network unit 82, and each RF channel is connected to an array surface 11a (or 11b). At this time, the communication equipment has the multi-channel advantage of the traditional solution, and the antenna 1 can realize the freedom of multiple beams, thereby realizing the multi-user scheduling function.

[0161] Therefore, this embodiment can adjust the connection status of each switch so that the topology network unit 82 can flexibly switch between the above two working modes, thereby taking into account the advantages of the two working modes, and further helping to make the communication equipment using the topology network unit applicable to more scenarios.

[0162] In addition, in this embodiment, for each combination unit, when the communication device transmits a signal, the frequency bands x1, x2, x3, and x4 can be set according to the aforementioned embodiment. Similarly, when the communication device receives a signal, the frequency bands y1, y2, y3, and y4 can also be set according to the aforementioned embodiment, and no further details will be given here. It is worth mentioning that the model of each switch can be selected based on the signal in the corresponding RF channel. For example, if x1 is in the 26 GHz band and x2 is in the 39 GHz band, the first switch and the second switch can be selected to support 26 GHz and 39 GHz, respectively.

[0163] The above embodiments describe the situation where the two ends of each transmission line are connected to the same RF channel on both sides of the topological network unit. In some other embodiments, each transmission line and the four RF channels corresponding to the topological network unit can also be cross-set. For example, on the digital unit side, one end of the first transmission line can be set to a first switch corresponding to the first branch port, so that the connection with the first channel is achieved when the first switch is switched; on the beamforming unit side, the other end of the first transmission line can be set to a second switch corresponding to the sixth branch port, so that the connection with the second channel is achieved when the second switch is switched. At this time, the corresponding relationship between other transmission lines and other RF channels can also change accordingly, and the specific cross-linking method is not limited, as long as the one-to-one correspondence between the transmission line and the RF channel is satisfied.

[0164] Referring to Figure 17, Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of another topology network unit 82 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The topology network unit 82 shows the case of n=2, that is, each topology network unit 82 corresponds to the four radio frequency channels of the communication device. The four radio frequency channels corresponding to the topology network unit 82 can also be defined as the first channel C1, the second channel C2, the third channel C3, and the fourth channel C4. The branch ports of each power divider of the topology network unit 82 can be defined with reference to the embodiment shown in Figure 13. In addition, the four transmission lines of the topology network unit 82 can be defined as the first transmission line 826-1 to the fourth transmission line 826-4, respectively. The four switches of the topology network unit 82 set on the digital unit side can be defined as the first switch S1 to the fourth switch S4, respectively, and the four switches on the beamforming unit side can be defined as the fifth switch S5 to the eighth switch S8, respectively.

[0165] In a specific implementation, the correspondence between each RF channel corresponding to the topology network unit 82 and its respective switches, as well as the correspondence between each switch and each transmission line and each branch port can be set with reference to the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0166] Similar to the above embodiment, this embodiment can also switch the topology network unit 82 between two working modes by switching the connection status of each switch. The two working modes of the topology network unit 82 are described below.

[0167] Referring to Figure 18, Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the state of the topology network unit 82 shown in Figure 17 in the first working mode. The connection state of each switch in this working mode can be set with reference to the state in the first working mode in the aforementioned embodiment. At this time, the topology network unit 82 implements the same functions as the embodiment shown in Figure 13, that is, each RF channel corresponding to the topology network unit 82 can obtain the aperture of the two antenna arrays and can achieve RF bandwidth combination. The specific implementation process can be referred to the description of the embodiment shown in Figure 13, and will not be repeated here.

[0168] Referring to Figure 19, Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the state of the topology network unit 82 shown in Figure 17 in the second working mode. The connection state of each switch in this working mode can be set with reference to the state in the second working mode in the above embodiment.

[0169] In the signal transmission direction, the first channel C1, the second channel C2, the third channel C3, and the fourth channel C4 on the digital unit side input signals x1, x2, x3, and x4 to the topology network unit 82 respectively. The y1, y2, y3, and y4 output by the topology network unit 82 satisfy: y1 = x1, y2 = x2, y3 = x3, and y4 = x4, which can also be expressed as:

[0170]

[0171] The beamforming unit can adjust the phase and amplitude of y1 and y3 and feed them to an antenna element in one array plane of the antenna, thereby providing two signals to that antenna element. Simultaneously, the beamforming unit can adjust the phase and amplitude of y2 and y4 and feed them to an antenna element in another array plane of the antenna, thereby providing two signals to that antenna element. For example, for antenna 1 in Figure 3 or Figure 4, the beamforming unit can feed the adjusted y1 and y3 to an antenna element 112 in the upper array plane 11a, and feed the adjusted y2 and y4 to an antenna element 112 in the lower array plane 11b.

[0172] In the signal receiving direction, the beamforming unit adjusts the phase and amplitude of the four signals from the two antenna units in different array planes and outputs y1, y2, y3, and y4. Taking the antenna in Figure 3 or Figure 4 as an example, y1 and y3 of the four signals can come from an antenna unit 112 in the upper array plane 11a, and y2 and y4 can come from an antenna unit 112 in the lower array plane 11b. The x1, x2, x3, and x4 output by the topology network unit 82 satisfy: x1 = y1, x2 = y2, x3 = y3, and x4 = y4, that is,

[0173]

[0174] From the above analysis, it can be seen that in the second working mode of the topology network unit 82, the signals in the four RF channels on the digital unit side pass through the topology network unit 82, and each RF channel is connected to an array surface. At this time, the communication equipment has the multi-channel advantage of the traditional solution, and the antenna can achieve multiple beam degrees of freedom, thereby realizing the multi-user scheduling function.

[0175] Furthermore, in this embodiment, for each topology network unit 82, when the communication device transmits signals, the frequency bands x1, x2, x3, and x4 can be set as described in the previous embodiment. Similarly, when the communication device receives signals, the frequency bands y1, y2, y3, and y4 can also be set as described in the previous embodiment, and no further details will be given here. Furthermore, the model of each switch can also be selected based on the signal in the corresponding RF channel, and no further details will be given here.

[0176] The above embodiments respectively describe the topological network unit with two working modes in the case of n=1 and n=2. When n is 3 or other values ​​greater than 3, the settings can be made with reference to the case of n=2. When n≥2, the number of array planes included in the antenna is at least 2. n-1 When the number of antenna arrays is 2 n-1At this time, each radio frequency channel corresponding to the topology network unit in the first working mode can obtain the full antenna array aperture.

[0177] Referring to Figure 20, Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another topology network unit 82 provided in an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the topology network unit 82 may include a first power splitter 821, a second power splitter 822, a third power splitter 827, and a fourth power splitter 828, as well as a phase shifter 829, wherein each power splitter may include a combining port and two branching ports. In a specific implementation, the combining port of the first power splitter 821 and the combining port of the third power splitter 827 may be respectively connected to the two RF channels on the digital unit side, and the combining port of the second power splitter 822 and the combining port of the fourth power splitter 828 may be respectively connected to the two RF channels on the beamforming unit side. The first branch port 8211a of the first power divider 821 is connected to the first branch port 8221a of the second power divider 822, the second branch port 8212a of the first power divider 821 is connected to the first branch port 8281a of the fourth power divider 828, the first branch port 8271a of the third power divider 827 is connected to the second branch port 8222a of the second power divider 822, and the second branch port 8272a of the third power divider 827 is connected to the second branch port 8282a of the fourth power divider 828. A phase shifter 829 may be connected between the first branch port 8271a of the third power divider 827 and the second branch port 8222a of the second power divider 822, and the phase of the phase shifter 829 may be switched between 0° and 180°.

[0178] The two RF channels corresponding to the topology network unit 82 are defined as the first channel C1 and the second channel C2. On the side where the topology network unit 82 is connected to the digital unit, the first channel C1 and the second channel C2 input signals x1 and x2 to the combining port of the first power divider 821 and the combining port of the third power divider 827 respectively. On the side where the topology network unit 82 is connected to the beamforming unit, the combining port of the second power divider 822 and the combining port of the fourth power divider 828 output signals y1 and y2 to the first channel C1 and the second channel C2 respectively.

[0179] Referring to Figures 21 and 22, Figure 21 is a signal flow diagram of the topology network unit shown in Figure 20 in the transmitting direction, and Figure 22 is a signal flow diagram of the topology network unit shown in Figure 20 in the receiving direction. In the signal transmitting direction, the first branch port 8211a of the first power splitter 821 can transmit x1 to the first branch port 8221a of the second power splitter 822, and the second branch port 8212a of the first power splitter 821 can transmit x1 to the first branch port 8281a of the fourth power splitter 828. The first branch port 8271a of the third power splitter 827 can transmit x2 to the second branch port 8222a of the second power splitter 822 after passing through the phase shifter 829, and the second branch port 8272a of the third power splitter 827 can transmit x2 to the second branch port 8282a of the fourth power splitter 828. In the signal receiving direction, the first branch port 8221a of the second power divider 822 can transmit y1 to the first branch port 8211a of the first power divider 821, and the second branch port 8222a of the second power divider 822 can transmit y1 to the first branch port 8271a of the third power divider 827 after passing through the phase shifter 829. The first branch port 8281a of the fourth power divider 828 can transmit y2 to the second branch port 8212a of the first power divider 821, and the second branch port 8282a of the fourth power divider 828 can transmit y2 to the second branch port 8272a of the third power divider 827.

[0180] By switching the phase of the phase shifter 829, the phase of the signal transmitted from the first branch port 8271a of the third power divider 827 to the second branch port 8222a of the second power divider 822 can be changed, thereby changing y1 output by the combining port of the second power divider 822, so that the topology network unit 82 can switch between the two working modes.

[0181] In addition, in this embodiment, two topology network units 82 can also be defined as a combined unit. This combined unit can correspond to the four RF channels of the communication device, and the four RF channels can be respectively connected to two antenna units located in different array planes. The following mainly uses one topology network unit 82 as an example to illustrate the two operating modes of the topology network unit 82.

[0182] When the phase of the phase shifter 829 is 0°, the effect of +1 can be achieved. At this time, the signal transmitted from the first branch port 8271a of the third power divider 827 to the second branch port 8222a of the second power divider 822 is still x2. In the signal transmission direction, y1=y2=x1+x2, and in the signal reception direction, x1=x2=y1+y2. It can be seen that in this working mode, the topology network unit 82 has the same function as that implemented in the embodiment shown in Figure 8, that is, each RF channel corresponding to the topology network unit 82 can obtain the aperture of the two antenna arrays and can realize the combination of RF bandwidth. The specific implementation process can refer to the description in the aforementioned embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0183] When the phase of the phase shifter 829 is 180°, a -1 effect can be achieved. In the signal transmission direction, the signal transmitted from the first branch port 8271a of the third power divider 827 to the second branch port 8222a of the second power divider 822 becomes -x2. At this time, the two RF channels on the digital unit side input signals x1 and x2 to the topology network unit 82 respectively. The output signals y1 and y2 of the topology network unit 82 satisfy: y1 = x1 - x2, y2 = x1 + x2, which can also be expressed as:

[0184]

[0185] The beamforming unit can feed the phase and amplitude of y1 and y2 to the two antenna planes after adjusting them. For example, for the antenna in Figure 3 or Figure 4, the beamforming unit can feed the adjusted y1 to an antenna element 112 in the upper plane 11a and feed the adjusted y2 to an antenna element 112 in the lower plane 11b.

[0186] In the signal receiving direction, the signal transmitted from the second branch port 8222a of the second power divider 822 to the first branch port 8271a of the third power divider 827 becomes -y1. At this time, the beamforming unit adjusts the phase and amplitude of the two signals from the two array planes of the antenna and outputs y1 and y2. Taking the antenna in Figure 3 or Figure 4 as an example, the two signals can come from an antenna unit 112 in the upper array plane 11a and an antenna unit 112 in the lower array plane 11b, respectively. The x1 and x2 output by the topology network unit 82 satisfy: x1 = y1 + y2, x2 = -y1 + y2, which can also be expressed as:

[0187]

[0188] From the above analysis, it can be seen that in the working mode when the phase of the phase shifter 829 is 180°, the signals in the two RF channels corresponding to the topology network unit 82 (y1 and y2 in the signal transmission direction, x1 and x2 in the signal receiving direction) are intertwined and influence each other, and each RF channel can obtain the aperture of the two antenna arrays.

[0189] Therefore, this embodiment can adjust the phase of the phase shifter 829 so that the topology network unit 82 can flexibly switch between the above two working modes, thereby taking into account the advantages of the two working modes, and further helping to make the communication equipment using the topology network unit applicable to more scenarios.

[0190] In addition, in this embodiment, for each topology network unit 82, when the communication device transmits a signal, the frequency bands of x1 and x2 can be set with reference to the aforementioned embodiment. Similarly, when the communication device receives a signal, the frequency bands of y1 and y2 can also be set with reference to the aforementioned embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0191] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device includes 2 n RF channels, and the communication device includes a digital unit, a topology network unit and a beamforming unit, the topology network unit is connected between the digital unit and the beamforming unit, and the topology network unit includes a first power splitter and a second power splitter; wherein, The first power divider and the second power divider each include 2 n A branch port and a combining port, each branch port of the first power divider is respectively connected to the two n The RF channels are connected to the digital unit side, the combining port of the first power divider is connected to the combining port of the second power divider, and each branch end of the second power divider is connected to the two n A radio frequency channel is connected to the beamforming unit side; The n is a natural number and n≥1.

2. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein In the signal transmission direction, the 2 n The signals in the two RF channels are in the same frequency band, and the two n The center frequencies of the signals in the RF channels are different.

3. The communication device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: In the signal receiving direction, the 2 n The signals in the two RF channels are in the same frequency band, and the two n The center frequencies of the signals in the RF channels are different.

4. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device includes 2 n The communication device includes a digital unit, a topology network unit and a beamforming unit, wherein the topology network unit is connected between the digital unit and the beamforming unit, and the topology network unit includes a first power splitter, a second power splitter, 2 n Transmission lines and 2 n+1 switches; among them, The first power divider and the second power divider each include 2 n a branching port and a combining port, the combining port of the first power divider being connected to the combining port of the second power divider; Said 2 n+1 2 of the switches n A switch is provided on the digital unit side and is respectively connected to the two n RF channels correspond to the 2 n+1 The other 2 of the switches n A switch is provided on the beamforming unit side and is respectively connected to the two n RF channels corresponding to; On the digital unit side, each switch is used to switch the corresponding radio frequency channel between a branch port of the first power divider and one end of one of the transmission lines; On the beamforming unit side, each of the switches is used to switch the corresponding radio frequency channel between a branch port of the second power divider and the other end of one of the transmission lines.

5. The communication device according to claim 4, wherein In the signal transmission direction, the 2 n The signals in the two RF channels are in the same frequency band, and the two n The center frequencies of the signals in the RF channels are different.

6. The communication device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that In the signal receiving direction, the 2 n The signals in the two RF channels are in the same frequency band, and the two n The center frequencies of the signals in the RF channels are different.

7. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The communication device further comprises an antenna, wherein the antenna comprises at least two array surfaces; The n=1, the communication device includes two radio frequency channels, and the two radio frequency channels on the beamforming unit side are respectively connected to the two array surfaces of the antenna.

8. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The communication device further comprises an antenna, wherein the antenna comprises at least two array surfaces; The n≥2, the 2 on the beamforming unit side n The RF channels are respectively connected to the 2 n-1 Array connection.

9. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device includes two radio frequency channels, and the communication device includes a digital unit, a topology network unit, and a beamforming unit, wherein the topology network unit is connected between the digital unit and the beamforming unit, and the topology network unit includes a first power splitter, a second power splitter, a third power splitter, a fourth power splitter, and a phase shifter; wherein, The combining port of the first power splitter and the combining port of the third power splitter are respectively connected to the two RF channels on the digital unit side, and the combining port of the second power splitter and the combining port of the fourth power splitter are respectively connected to the two RF channels on the beamforming unit side; The first branch port of the first power divider is connected to the first branch port of the second power divider, and the second branch port of the first power divider is connected to the first branch port of the fourth power divider; the first branch port of the third power divider is connected to the second branch port of the second power divider, and the second branch port of the third power divider is connected to the second branch port of the fourth power divider; The phase shifter is connected between the first branch port of the third power divider and the second branch port of the second power divider, and the phase of the phase shifter is 0° or 180°.

10. The communication device according to claim 9, wherein In the signal transmission direction, the signals in the two radio frequency channels on the digital unit side are in the same frequency band, and the center frequency points of the signals in the two radio frequency channels are different.

11. The communication device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that In the signal receiving direction, the signals in the two radio frequency channels on the beamforming unit side are in the same frequency band, and the center frequency points of the signals in the two radio frequency channels are different.

12. The communication device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein: The communication device further comprises an antenna, wherein the antenna comprises at least two array surfaces; The two radio frequency channels on the beamforming unit side are respectively connected to the two array surfaces of the antenna.

13. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein: The communication device further includes a frequency conversion unit, which is connected between the digital unit and the topology network unit, or between the topology network unit and the beamforming unit.

14. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein: The topology network unit further includes an amplifier, which is arranged at a branch port or a combiner port of the first power splitter; and / or, the amplifier is arranged at a branch port or a combiner port of the second power splitter.

15. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein: The topology network unit further includes a filter, which is arranged at a branch port or a combiner port of the first power splitter; and / or, the filter is arranged at a branch port or a combiner port of the second power splitter.

16. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein: The topology network unit further includes a coupler, which is arranged at a branch port or a combiner port of the first power splitter; and / or, the coupler is arranged at a branch port or a combiner port of the second power splitter.

17. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein: The communication device further includes a circuit board, and the topology network unit is arranged on the circuit board.

18. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein: The communication device further includes a radio frequency chip, and the topology network unit is integrated into the radio frequency chip.

19. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein: The communication device further comprises a control unit, a clock unit and a power supply unit; The control unit is connected to the digital unit, the topology network unit and the beamforming unit respectively; The clock unit is connected to the digital unit, the topology network unit and the beamforming unit respectively; The power supply unit is connected to the digital unit, the topology network unit and the beamforming unit respectively.

20. A base station, characterized in that: The communication device comprises a baseband processing unit and the communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the communication device is connected to the baseband processing unit.

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