A method of scribing a support pier profile

Abstract

The application discloses a method for marking a support pier contour line. Two center line reference points A and B are determined in a dock. A total station instrument is used to establish a three-dimensional coordinate system with the reference points A and B as the reference. Marking points are made between the reference points A and B as the powder line marking reference. The marking points are connected by a powder line to form a dock center line. Point B is used as a 0# rib position. A plurality of rib position points are determined on the dock center line. The total station instrument is placed between two adjacent rib position points. A light target is placed near the dock center line at a distance of s. The light target position is fine-tuned until the light target coordinate Y value is equal to s. The light target position is marked. The light target Y value is kept unchanged. A hand-push marking machine is used to move the light target along the length direction of the dock. A point is determined and marked every 10 m. The application reduces the use frequency and dependence of the total station instrument, simplifies the steps for determining the positioning points, and improves the work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ship design and construction technology, and specifically relates to a method for marking the outline of a support pier. Background Technology

[0002] Support piers provide support for ships. During shipbuilding and repair, whenever a ship enters the dry dock for construction, the placement of support piers is required in advance. Before placing the support piers, the outline of their location needs to be drawn. Each ship requires approximately 1,200 support piers to provide support, so 1,200 outlines need to be drawn before each ship enters the dry dock to provide a reference for the subsequent placement of support piers.

[0003] The outlines of 1,200 support piers required for a single ship need to be drawn. The traditional outline drawing process is cumbersome, requires complex instruments and tools, and involves a large number of support piers. The line drawing process generates a lot of repetitive work, which consumes a lot of labor and time costs, affects the shipbuilding dock period, and seriously affects the group's economic benefits. How to provide a line drawing method and device that can quickly locate, automatically mark and spray, and perform repetitive and continuous operations has become the research object of this utility model. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a method for marking the outline of a support pier, aiming to reduce the amount of repetitive work generated during the marking process and save labor and time costs. The technical solution adopted is as follows: A method for marking the outline of a support pier, the specific steps of which are: S1: Two centerline reference points, A and B, need to be determined within the dock. Reference point A is located at the bow of the dock, and reference point B is located at the stern. Using a total station, a three-dimensional coordinate system is established with reference points A and B as references. Mark points are made between reference points A and B as references for the chalk line marking. The chalk line is used to connect the marked points to form the dock centerline.

[0005] S2: Using B as the reference point and as the 0# rib position, use a measuring tape to determine multiple rib positions on the center line of the dock, and set multiple rib positions at equal intervals.

[0006] S3: For support piers that are regularly distributed along the length of the dock, place the total station between two adjacent rib points and place the optical target near the center line of the dock (s value). By fine-tuning the position of the optical target, the Y value of the optical target is finally made equal to the s value. Mark the position of the optical target. While keeping the Y value of the optical target unchanged, move the optical target along the length of the dock. Mark a point every 10m. Then connect these points with a chalk line to form the center line of the support piers at the distance of s value from the center line of the dock.

[0007] S4: Repeat step S3 repeatedly to determine the center lines of all support piers at different distances from the center line of the dock along the length of the dock; take a certain rib point E on the center line of the support pier as the starting point to determine the specific center point position of the support pier on the center line of the support pier and mark it.

[0008] S5: For support piers with center points regularly distributed along the width of the dock, place the total station between two adjacent rib points and place the optical target at point G, i.e., near the x-value of m and the y-value of k. By fine-tuning the position of the optical target, the optical target coordinates are finally made so that the x-value of the optical target is m and the y-value is k. Mark the optical target. While keeping the x-value of the optical target unchanged, move the optical target along the width of the dock. Mark a point every 10m. Then connect these points with a chalk line to form the center line of the support pier with a rib value of m.

[0009] S6: Repeat step S5 repeatedly to determine the center lines of all support piers at different distances from the center line of the dock along the width direction; take a certain rib point F on the center line of the support pier as the starting point to determine the specific center point position of the support pier on the center line of the support pier and mark it.

[0010] S7: For support piers with no distribution pattern, a coordinate system can be established by selecting the nearest rib point on the center line of the dock based on the coordinate position of the support pier. Place the light target at the approximate position of the center point of the support pier, continuously move the light target and measure its position. When the position of the light target is the same as the coordinate position of the center point of the support pier, mark the position of the light target as the position of the center point of the support pier.

[0011] S8: Push the hand-operated marking machine to position it with the center of the support pier as the reference, and mark the outline of each support pier through the automatic spraying device of the hand-operated marking machine.

[0012] S9: Position the push-type line marking machine to the center point of the support pier determined in the above steps, ensuring that the square frame at the bottom of the push-type line marking machine is horizontal and vertical, thus completing the positioning of the push-type line marking machine. After the device is positioned, start the device through the solenoid valve. The air pump takes the paint out of the paint bucket and delivers it to the atomizer through the upward pipeline to atomize the paint. The atomizer compresses the air and mixes the high-pressure gas with the paint. The paint is then delivered to the nozzles at the four corners of the square frame through the delivery pipeline. Adjust the direction of the nozzles through the bamboo-joint universal tube to spray the paint out in coordination with the square frame, completing the marking of the support pier outline.

[0013] S10: Repeat steps S1 to S9 to complete the marking of other support piers.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for marking the outline of the support pier, a 50M measuring tape is used to find the center reference point A in the width direction of the dock at a distance of 30m from the bow wall of the dock, and a center reference point B in the width direction of the dock is found at a distance of 30m from the stern wall of the dock.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S2, taking B as the reference point and designated as rib position 0, rib positions -30#, 0#, 30#, 60#, 90#, 120#, 150#, 180#, 210#, 240#, 270#, and 300# are determined on the center line of the dock using a 50M measuring tape. The distance between two adjacent rib positions is 30m.

[0016] Further, the above-mentioned method for marking the outline of a support pier includes a hand-push marking machine comprising a bottom square frame, a horizontal brace at the center of the frame, a connecting pipe fixed at the center of the horizontal brace, the connecting pipe extending upwards to the halfway point and then bending, a handle fixed at the free end of the connecting pipe, sliding rods on both sides of the connecting pipe, four universal wheels located inside the frame and connected by a base plate, the connecting pipe and sliding rods passing through the center of the base plate, the sliding rods being fitted with fixing caps, the base plate being located above the horizontal brace, and a spring being provided between the base plate and the horizontal brace, the fixing caps being tightened to fix the base plate.

[0017] A laser level is fixed at the center of the lower surface of the cross brace. The paint bucket is placed on the cross brace and connected to the upward pipeline. An operation panel is fixed at the free end of the connecting pipe. Two delivery pipes are connected to the bottom of the upward pipeline. A nozzle is fixed at the end of the delivery pipe. An air pump, a solenoid valve and an atomizer are installed on the operation panel. The air pump draws the paint out of the paint bucket through the upward pipeline and transfers it to the atomizer for atomization. The atomized paint forms a spray and is sprayed out through the nozzle.

[0018] The control panel is equipped with a transformer, air pump, solenoid valve, and atomizer. The air pump delivers paint from the paint bucket to the atomizer through pipelines. The atomizer atomizes the paint, mixes it with high-pressure gas, and then delivers the high-temperature, high-pressure gas downwards through pipelines. The pipelines of the device are mainly laid along the connecting pipe, the base plate, and the square frame. According to the direction of the paint, the paint pipeline can be divided into two parts: an upward and a downward pipeline. The upper end of the upward paint pipeline is connected to the air pump, and the lower end is connected to the paint bucket. In the paint delivery pipeline, the upper end is connected to the atomizer. The pipeline is distributed along the connecting pipe. At the end of the connecting pipe, a T-junction changes the direction of the paint, causing the paint to be distributed from the intersection of the connecting pipe and the base plate to both ends of the base plate. T-junctions are installed at both ends of the base plate to change the direction of the paint again, causing the paint to be distributed from the end of the base plate to the four corners of the square frame. At the end of the downward paint pipeline, a bamboo-joint universal tube is connected. The nozzle is installed at the end of the bamboo-joint universal tube. The bamboo-joint universal tube is used to adjust the spraying direction, and the nozzle is used to spray the paint.

[0019] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for marking the outline of the support pier, two conveying pipes are symmetrically fixed on the frame plate of the directional frame, and bamboo joint universal heads are provided at both ends of the conveying pipes, with the nozzles fixed at the ends of the bamboo joint universal pipes.

[0020] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for marking the outline of the support pier, the bottom of the connecting pipe is provided with an external thread, the rotating pipe is sleeved on the external thread of the connecting pipe and cooperates with the external thread, the rotating pipe is located above the base plate and presses on the base plate.

[0021] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for marking the outline of the support pier, a sliding bearing is provided in the hole connecting the base plate and the slide rod, and the sliding bearing is sleeved on the slide rod.

[0022] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for drawing the outline of the support pier, the dimensions of the frame are the same as the dimensions of the support pier outline.

[0023] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method of marking the outline of the support pier, the base plate is I-shaped, and four pulleys are respectively set at the four corners of the base plate.

[0024] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for marking the outline of the support pier, a transformer is also installed on the control panel to provide voltage to the air pump, atomizer, and solenoid valve.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The method of the present invention reduces the number of times the total station is used, reduces dependence on the total station, and effectively solves the contradiction between the low number of instruments and the large number of personnel. 2. In this invention, the center point of the support pier outline is determined by measuring with a tape measure instead of a total station, which simplifies the steps of determining the positioning point and improves work efficiency. 3. The application of the hand-push marking machine in this invention can completely replace the steps of measuring with a tape measure, marking with chalk lines, and leaving paint marks in the process of marking the outline of the support pier, thereby realizing one-button operation and effectively improving the work efficiency of marking the center point of the support pier outline, resulting in a qualitative improvement in the work efficiency of marking the outline of the support pier.

[0026] 4. The time required to draw the outline of the support piers is greatly reduced, and the time available for shipbuilding in the dock is increased, effectively improving the utilization rate of the dock and bringing immeasurable economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 Support piers with the same Y-value as the center point coordinate of the support pier outline; Figure 2 Support piers with the same X-value as the center point coordinate of the pier outline; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of total station measurement. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the device's operation. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure; Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the layout of the piping and equipment. Among them, 1-square frame, 2-base plate, 4-upward pipeline, 11-handle, 12-operation panel, 13-connecting pipe, 15-cross brace, 16-slide bar, 17-rotating pipe, 19-spring, 20-fixing cap, 22-universal wheel, 31-transformer, 32-air pump, 33-solenoid valve, 34-atomizer, 35-paint bucket, 36-bamboo joint universal tube, 37-nozzle, 43-conveying pipe, A-dock centerline bow reference point, B-dock centerline stern reference point, C-dock centerline rib point, D-dock centerline rib point, E-reference point along the length of a straight line with the same three-dimensional coordinate Y value, F-reference point along the width of a straight line with the same three-dimensional coordinate X value, G-center point of the last support pier with the same GX value; A, B, C, and D can all be used as reference points for establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system with a total station; Point E is the reference point for measuring the center point of the support pier with the same Y value as determined by the measuring tape. Point F is the reference point for measuring the center point of the support pier with the same X value as determined by the measuring tape. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] A method for marking the outline of support piers involves determining the centerline of the dock within the dock, identifying rib points on the centerline using design drawings, establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system using a total station with the rib points as a reference, and marking the straight lines containing the center points of the support piers distributed along the width and length of the dock. For irregularly distributed support piers, the center point of each support pier is determined using a total station, and the outline of the support pier is marked using a hand-operated marking machine with the center point of the support pier as a reference.

[0030] S1: As Figure 1 As shown, use a 50M measuring tape to find the center point A in the width direction of the dock at a distance of 30m from the bow wall of the dock. In the same way, find the center point B in the width direction of the dock at a distance of 30m from the stern wall of the dock.

[0031] S2: Place optical targets at points A and B respectively, set up a total station between the two points, and use the total station to measure the optical targets at points A and B respectively, and establish a coordinate system XOY, where OX is the length direction of the dock and OY is the width direction of the dock.

[0032] S3: Starting from A, use a total station to determine a point every 10m along the AB direction and mark it. Then connect these points with a chalk line and draw a solid line connecting points A and B on the dock floor as the dock center line.

[0033] S4: Using B as the reference point and rib position 0#, use a 50M measuring tape to determine the rib positions -30#, 0#, 30#, 60#, 90#, 120#, 150#, 180#, 210#, 240#, 270#, and 300# on the center line of the dock.

[0034] S5: For support piers whose center points are regularly distributed along the length of the dock, taking the center line of the support piers within the range of 30# and 60# with a distance of s from the dock center line as an example, first set up the total station between 30# and 60#, establish a coordinate system using the total station with 30# as the first point and 60# as the second point, place the optical target near the distance of s from the dock center line, and fine-tune the position of the optical target until the Y value of the optical target is equal to the s value, mark the position of the optical target, and while keeping the Y value of the optical target unchanged, move the optical target along the length of the dock, mark a point every 10m, and then connect these points with a chalk line to form the center line of the support piers with a distance of s from the dock center line.

[0035] S6: Repeat S5 continuously to determine the centerlines of the support piers at different distances from the dock centerline, such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0036] S7: Using a 50M measuring tape, starting from a certain rib point E on the center line of the support pier, refer to the pier laying diagram to determine the specific center point location of the support pier on the center line of the support pier, and mark it.

[0037] S8: For support piers whose center points are regularly distributed along the width of the dock, taking the center line of the support pier with rib position number m within the range of 30# and 60# as an example, set up the total station between 30# and 60#, establish a coordinate system using the total station with 30# as the first point and 60# as the second point, place the optical target near point G (x value is m, y value is k), and fine-tune the position of the optical target until the optical target coordinates x value is m and y value is k, and mark it. While keeping the optical target X value unchanged, move the optical target along the width of the dock, determine a point every 10m, mark it, and then connect these points with a chalk line to form the center line of the support pier with rib position value m.

[0038] S9: Repeat S8 continuously to determine the center line of the support pier with different rib positions.

[0039] S10: Using a 50M measuring tape, starting from point F (the intersection of the support pier centerline and the dock centerline), and referring to the pier laying diagram, determine the center points of each support pier in the dock width direction and mark them accordingly. Figure 2 As shown.

[0040] S11: For support piers with no distribution pattern, a coordinate system can be established by selecting the nearest rib point on the center line of the dock using a total station based on the coordinate position of the support pier. Place the optical target at the approximate position of the center point of the support pier, continuously move the optical target and measure its position. When the position of the optical target is the same as the coordinate position of the center point of the support pier, mark the position of the optical target, which is the position of the center point of the support pier.

[0041] The marking device includes a square frame at the bottom, with a horizontal brace at the center of the frame. A connecting tube is fixed to the center of the horizontal brace, and the connecting tube extends upwards to about half its length before bending. A handle is fixed to the free end of the connecting tube, and sliding rods are located on both sides of the connecting tube. Four casters are located inside the frame and connected by a base plate. The base plate is I-shaped, with the four casters located at the four corners of the base plate. The connecting tube and sliding rods pass through the center of the base plate, and the sliding rods are fitted with fixing caps. The base plate is located above the horizontal brace, and a spring is installed between the base plate and the horizontal brace. Tightening the fixing caps secures the base plate. A sliding bearing is installed in the hole connecting the base plate and the sliding rod, and the sliding bearing is fitted onto the sliding rod. The bottom of the connecting tube has external threads, and a rotating tube is fitted onto the external threads of the connecting tube, engaging with the external threads. The rotating tube is located above the base plate and presses against the base plate.

[0042] A laser level is fixed to the center of the lower surface of the cross brace. The paint bucket is placed on the cross brace and connected to the upward pipeline. An operation panel is fixed to the free end of the connecting pipe. Two delivery pipes are connected to the bottom of the upward pipeline. The two delivery pipes are symmetrically fixed to the frame plate of the directional frame. Bamboo-joint universal heads are set at both ends of the delivery pipes, and the nozzles are fixed to the ends of the bamboo-joint universal tubes. The operation panel is equipped with an air pump, a solenoid valve, and an atomizer. The air pump draws paint from the paint bucket through the upward pipeline and transfers it to the atomizer for atomization. The atomized paint forms a spray and is sprayed out through the nozzles.

[0043] The paint pipeline can be divided into two parts, an upward and a downward section, according to the direction of the paint flow. The upper end of the upward pipeline is connected to the air pump, and the lower end is connected to the paint bucket. In the paint delivery pipeline, the upper end of the delivery pipeline is connected to the atomizer. The pipeline is distributed along the connecting pipe. At the end of the connecting pipe, a T-junction changes the direction of the paint, so that the paint is distributed from the intersection of the connecting pipe and the base plate to both ends of the base plate. T-junctions are installed at both ends of the base plate to change the direction of the paint again, so that the paint is distributed from the end of the base plate to the four corners of the square frame. The lower paint pipeline is connected to a bamboo-joint universal tube. The nozzle is installed at the end of the bamboo-joint universal tube. The bamboo-joint universal tube is used to adjust the spraying direction, and the nozzle is used to spray the paint.

[0044] S12: Push the hand-push line marking machine to the vicinity of the center point of the support pier determined in the above steps. Use a laser level for positioning. After positioning, start the device through the solenoid valve. The air pump takes the paint from the paint bucket and delivers it to the atomizer through the upward pipeline to atomize the paint. The atomizer compresses the air and mixes the high-pressure gas with the paint. The paint is then delivered to the nozzles at the four corners of the square frame through the delivery pipeline. Adjust the direction of the nozzles through the bamboo-joint universal tube and spray the paint out in conjunction with the square frame to complete the marking of the support pier outline. For marking the outline of other support piers, simply position the hand-push line marking machine according to the position of the support pier center point to complete the one-time marking work. The use of this device can avoid the outline marking step and can directly perform the outline marking work, effectively improving work efficiency, increasing the effective utilization rate of the dock, solving the problem of repetitive work, and significantly reducing labor costs.

Claims

1. A method for marking the outline of a support pier, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: S1: Two centerline reference points A and B need to be determined within the dock. Reference point A is located at the bow of the dock, and reference point B is located at the stern of the dock. Using a total station, a three-dimensional coordinate system is established with reference points A and B as references. Mark points are made between reference points A and B as references for the chalk line marking. The chalk line is used to connect the marked points to form the dock centerline. S2: Using B as the reference point and as the 0# rib position, use a measuring tape to determine multiple rib positions on the center line of the dock, and set multiple rib positions at equal intervals. S3: For support piers that are regularly distributed along the length of the dock, place the total station between two adjacent rib points and place the optical target near the center line of the dock (s value). By fine-tuning the position of the optical target, the y value of the optical target is finally equal to the s value. Mark the position of the optical target. While keeping the y value of the optical target unchanged, move the optical target along the length of the dock. Mark a point every 10m. Then connect these points with chalk lines to form the center line of the support piers at the distance of s value from the center line of the dock. S4: Repeat step S3 to determine the center lines of all support piers at different distances from the center line of the dock along the length of the dock; take a certain rib point E on the center line of the support pier as the starting point to determine the specific center point position of the support pier on the center line of the support pier and mark it. S5: For support piers with center points regularly distributed along the width of the dock, place the total station between two adjacent rib points and place the optical target at point G, i.e., near the x-value of m and the y-value of k. By fine-tuning the position of the optical target, the optical target coordinates are finally made so that the x-value of the optical target is m and the y-value is k. Mark the optical target. While keeping the x-value of the optical target unchanged, move the optical target along the width of the dock. Mark a point every 10m. Then connect these points with a chalk line to form the center line of the support pier with a rib value of m. S6: Repeat step S5 to determine the center lines of all support piers at different distances from the center line of the dock along the width direction; take a certain rib point F on the center line of the support pier as the starting point to determine the specific center point position of the support pier on the center line of the support pier and mark it. S7: For support piers with no distribution pattern, a coordinate system can be established by selecting the nearest rib point on the dock centerline based on the coordinate position of the support pier. Place the light target at the approximate position of the center point of the support pier, continuously move the light target and measure its position. When the position of the light target is the same as the coordinate position of the center point of the support pier, mark the position of the light target, which is the position of the center point of the support pier. S8: Push the hand-operated marking machine to position it with the center of the support pier as the reference, and mark the outline of each support pier through the automatic spraying device of the hand-operated marking machine; S9: Position the hand-push line marking machine to the center point of the support pier determined in the above steps, and ensure that the square frame at the bottom of the hand-push line marking machine is horizontal and vertical, thereby completing the positioning of the hand-push line marking machine. After the device is positioned, start the device through the solenoid valve (33). The air pump (32) takes the paint out of the paint bucket (35) and transmits it to the atomizer (34) through the upward pipeline to atomize the paint. The atomizer (34) compresses the air and mixes the high-pressure gas with the paint. The paint is then transmitted to the nozzles (37) at the four corners of the square frame (1) through the delivery pipeline. The direction of the nozzles is adjusted through the bamboo joint universal tube (36) and the paint is sprayed out in coordination with the square frame (1) to complete the marking of the support pier outline. S10: Repeat steps S1 to S9 to complete the marking of other support piers.

2. The method for marking the outline of a support pier according to claim 1, characterized in that, At a distance of 30m from the bow of the dock, use a 50m measuring tape to find the center reference point A in the width direction of the dock, and at a distance of 30m from the stern of the dock, find the center reference point B in the width direction of the dock.

3. The method for marking the outline of a support pier according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, with B as the reference point and designated as rib position 0, rib positions -30#, 0#, 30#, 60#, 90#, 120#, 150#, 180#, 210#, 240#, 270#, and 300# are determined on the center line of the dock using a 50M measuring tape. The distance between any two adjacent rib positions is 30m.

4. The method for marking the outline of a support pier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The marking fixture includes a bottom square frame (1), a cross brace (15) in the center of the frame, a connecting pipe (13) fixed in the center of the cross brace, the connecting pipe extends upward to halfway and begins to bend, a handle (11) is fixed at the free end of the connecting pipe, slide rods (16) are provided on both sides of the connecting pipe, four casters (22) are located inside the frame and connected by a base plate (2), the connecting pipe and slide rod pass through the center of the base plate, the slide rod is fitted with a fixing cap (20), the base plate is located above the cross brace, and a spring (19) is provided between the base plate and the cross brace, and the fixing cap is tightened to fix the base plate; A laser level is fixed at the center of the lower surface of the cross brace. The paint bucket (35) is placed on the cross brace. The paint bucket is connected to the upper pipeline (4). An operation panel (12) is fixed at the free end of the connecting pipe. Two delivery pipes (43) are connected at the bottom of the upper pipeline. A nozzle (37) is fixed at the end of the delivery pipe. An air pump (32), a solenoid valve (33) and an atomizer (34) are provided on the operation panel. The air pump draws the paint out of the paint bucket through the upper pipeline and transfers it to the atomizer for atomization. The atomized paint forms a spray and is sprayed out through the nozzle.

5. The method for marking the outline of a support pier according to claim 4, characterized in that, Two delivery pipes are symmetrically fixed on the frame plate of the square frame. Bamboo joint universal tubes are provided at both ends of the delivery pipes, and the nozzles are fixed at the ends of the bamboo joint universal tubes (36).

6. The method for marking the outline of a support pier according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the connecting pipe is provided with an external thread. The rotating pipe (17) is fitted onto the external thread of the connecting pipe and mates with the external thread. The rotating pipe is located above the bottom plate and presses against the bottom plate.

7. The method for marking the outline of a support pier according to claim 4, characterized in that, A sliding bearing is installed in the hole connecting the base plate and the slide rod, and the sliding bearing is sleeved on the slide rod.

8. The method for marking the outline of a support pier according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dimensions of the frame are the same as the dimensions of the support pier outline.

9. The method for marking the outline of a support pier according to claim 4, characterized in that, The base plate is I-shaped, with four casters located at the four corners.

10. The method for marking the outline of a support pier according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control panel is also equipped with a transformer (31), which provides voltage to the air pump, atomizer and solenoid valve.

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