A support positioning device for casting blanks

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of support positioning device for casting blank, solve the existing machining equipment positioning inaccuracy, high scrap rate, the problem of low processing efficiency, specifically including base and setting on base pre-positioning mechanism and final positioning mechanism;Pre-positioning mechanism includes axial pre-positioning module, radial pre-positioning module, elastic support module and elastic compression module;Elastic support module is set in the middle of base, and is elastically connected with base;Axial pre-positioning module and radial pre-positioning module are respectively set above elastic support module;Elastic compression module is set at the right side front end of elastic support module;Final positioning mechanism includes radial fixed positioning module, expansion type anti-rotation positioning module and fixed support clamping module;Radial fixed positioning module is set at the left side front end of elastic support module;Expansion type anti-rotation positioning module is set at the right side middle part of elastic support module;Fixed support clamping module is distributed in the left and right sides of elastic support module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to casting blanks, and more specifically to a support and positioning device for casting blanks. Background Technology

[0002] Cast blanks are widely used in the blank production process of manufacturing industries, with low cost and high flexibility being their biggest technological advantages. Based on these characteristics, casting technology is widely used in the forming of automotive transmission housing blanks. However, while casting has significant advantages, it also has considerable drawbacks. The most typical are poor dimensional consistency in cast blanks and greater deformation compared to other casting processes. These problems cause considerable difficulties in formulating process plans for machining, as detailed below:

[0003] ① During the machining process, the larger end face of the cast blank is used for positioning. However, the large end face deforms significantly, which can easily cause the product's functional structure to be incomplete in subsequent processes.

[0004] ②During the machining process, the center hole of the cast blank is used for positioning. Since the cast blank has more gating and riser gates in this part, the blank is difficult to clean. The positioning accuracy of machining is poor, the hole system position needs to be adjusted for each piece, and the machining efficiency is low.

[0005] ③ During the machining process, the casting blank shape is used for positioning. Due to the large deformation of the blank in non-specific parts and the poor consistency of blank size, the positioning during machining is inaccurate and the scrap rate is high.

[0006] ④ The manufacturing mode of horizontal machining line cannot be adopted during the machining process. The process arrangement is complicated, the loading and unloading time of workpieces is long, and the processing efficiency is low.

[0007] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN102106061A discloses a method for manufacturing an electric motor and an electric motor for a hybrid vehicle. The method involves designing a casting process to manufacture the housing foam, allowing for maximum flexibility in various pre-defined interfaces. Simultaneously, modular variant designs can be achieved through the use of individual foam components and bonding processes, thus saving on mold manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the length of the housing can be flexibly adjusted by changing the axial length of the individual foam components of the annular plates and / or the bearing cover plates, without needing to change the molds used to manufacture the individual foam components of the intermediate plates. Using individual foam components of the annular plates allows for the realization of a complete basic geometry for the cooling channels, thereby avoiding potential sources of failure. These techniques improve the manufacturing efficiency and flexibility of the motor housing. However, in practice, this method suffers from inaccurate housing positioning, high scrap rates, and low processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to solve the technical problems of inaccurate positioning, high scrap rate and low processing efficiency of existing machining equipment, the present invention provides a support and positioning device for casting blanks.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A support and positioning device for casting blanks, characterized in that it includes a base and a pre-positioning mechanism and a final positioning mechanism disposed on the base.

[0011] The base is used to connect to the worktable of a machine tool for processing casting blanks;

[0012] The pre-positioning mechanism includes an axial pre-positioning module, a radial pre-positioning module, an elastic support module, and an elastic compression module;

[0013] By definition, one side of the elastic support module is the left side, and the other side is the right side;

[0014] The elastic support module is located in the middle of the base and is elastically connected to the base; the axial prepositioning module and the radial prepositioning module are respectively located above the elastic support module and are used to support the bottom two ends of the casting blank to be processed; the elastic compression module is located at the front right side of the elastic support module and is used to press down the front top of the casting blank to be processed.

[0015] The final positioning mechanism includes a radial fixed positioning module, an expansion anti-rotation positioning module, and a fixed support clamping module.

[0016] The radial fixing and positioning module is located at the front left side of the elastic support module and is used for radial positioning of the casting blank to be processed; the expansion anti-rotation positioning module is located at the middle right side of the elastic support module and is used to prevent the casting blank to be processed from rotating; the fixed support clamping module is distributed on the left and right sides of the elastic support module and is used to support and clamp the casting blank to be processed.

[0017] Furthermore, the elastic support module includes a prepositioning support plate arranged parallel above the base, a first guide mechanism, and two second guide mechanisms; the first guide mechanism and the two second guide mechanisms are disposed between the base and the prepositioning support plate.

[0018] The top surface of the prepositioning support plate is provided with a support column;

[0019] The first guiding mechanism includes a guide seat fixedly mounted on a base and a guide sleeve fixedly mounted on the bottom of a pre-positioning support plate, as well as a first compression spring and a first guide bolt. The guide sleeve is fitted onto the upper end of the guide seat and is clearance-fitted with the guide seat. The guide seat has a first stepped hole with its stepped surface facing upwards. A first guide post is installed in the first stepped hole. The first guide post includes a first small-diameter section and a first large-diameter section coaxially connected. The first small-diameter section is threadedly connected to the small hole of the first stepped hole. The first large-diameter section is located in the large hole of the first stepped hole. The first compression spring is fitted between the outer wall of the first large-diameter section and the inner wall of the large hole of the first stepped hole. The upper end of the first compression spring contacts the inner top surface of the guide sleeve, and its lower end contacts the stepped surface of the first stepped hole. The lower end of the first guide bolt is coaxially fixed to the first guide post, and its upper end is vertically inserted into the guide sleeve and the pre-positioning support plate, and is clearance-fitted with the guide sleeve and the pre-positioning support plate.

[0020] Two second guide mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the first guide mechanism; the second guide mechanism includes an auxiliary guide seat and an auxiliary second guide post; the auxiliary guide seat is fixedly installed on the base; the upper end of the auxiliary second guide post is vertically fixed to the prepositioning support plate, and its lower end is clearance-fitted with the auxiliary guide seat.

[0021] Furthermore, the axial pre-positioning module includes an axial pre-positioning rectangular seat, a second compression spring, a first guide pin, a first positioning pin, and two second guide bolts;

[0022] The prepositioning support plate is provided with a second step hole facing upward and two third step holes facing downward;

[0023] The axial prepositioning rectangular seat is located above the prepositioning support plate, with its rectangular groove opening facing upwards, and is used to support the bottom of the rear end of the casting blank to be processed.

[0024] The upper end of the first guide pin is fixedly connected to the axial prepositioning rectangular seat, and its lower end passes through the large hole of the second stepped hole and is clearance-fitted with the small hole of the second stepped hole.

[0025] The second compression spring is fitted outside the first guide pin, with its upper end in contact with the bottom surface of the axial prepositioning rectangular seat and its lower end in contact with the stepped surface of the second stepped hole;

[0026] The upper end of the first positioning pin is fixedly connected to the axial prepositioning rectangular seat, and its lower end passes through the prepositioning support plate and is clearance-fitted with the prepositioning support plate.

[0027] The two second guide bolts are located on both sides of the first guide pin and the first positioning pin respectively, and are respectively set with the two third step holes; the tail of the second guide bolt is fixedly connected to the axial prepositioning rectangular seat, the head of the bolt is clearance-fitted with the large hole of the corresponding third step hole, and the middle part is clearance-fitted with the small hole of the corresponding third step hole.

[0028] Furthermore, the radial pre-positioning module includes a radial pre-positioning V-shaped seat, a second positioning pin, a third compression spring, a second guide pin, and two third guide bolts;

[0029] The prepositioning support plate is also provided with a fourth step hole facing upward and two fifth step holes facing downward.

[0030] The radial prepositioning V-shaped seat is located above the prepositioning support plate, with its V-groove opening facing upwards, and is used to support the bottom of the front end of the casting blank to be processed.

[0031] The upper end of the second guide pin is fixed to the radially prepositioned V-shaped seat, and its lower end passes through the large hole of the fourth step hole and is clearance-fitted with the small hole of the fourth step hole.

[0032] The third compression spring is fitted outside the second guide pin, with its upper end in contact with the bottom surface of the radially prepositioned V-shaped seat and its lower end in contact with the stepped surface of the fourth stepped hole.

[0033] The upper end of the second positioning pin is fixedly connected to the radial prepositioning V-shaped seat, and its lower end passes through the prepositioning support plate and is clearance-fitted with the prepositioning support plate.

[0034] The two third guide bolts are located on both sides of the second positioning pin and the second guide pin respectively, and are respectively set with the two fifth step holes; the tail of the third guide bolt is fixed to the radial pre-positioning V-shaped seat, its head is clearance-fitted with the large hole of the corresponding fifth step hole, and its middle part is clearance-fitted with the small hole of the corresponding fifth step hole.

[0035] Furthermore, the elastic compression module includes a fourth compression spring, a long rotating arm, a rotating cylinder, a rotating cylinder support, and tightening bolts;

[0036] The rotary cylinder support is fixedly installed on the base;

[0037] The cylinder body of the rotary cylinder is fixedly installed on the rotary cylinder support, with its piston pointing vertically upward.

[0038] One end of the long rotating arm is perpendicularly fixed to the piston of the rotating cylinder;

[0039] The tightening bolt is vertically inserted on the other end of the long rotating arm, with its middle part in clearance fit with the long rotating arm, and its tail nut and its head stuck on the upper and lower surfaces of the other end of the long rotating arm. Its head is used to press the top of the front end of the casting blank to be processed.

[0040] The fourth compression spring is mounted on the outer side of the middle of the tightening bolt, with its upper end abutting against the bottom surface of the long rotating arm and its lower end abutting against the head of the tightening bolt.

[0041] Furthermore, the radial fixing and positioning module includes a radial fixing module positioning seat fixedly installed on the base, a pusher support and a radial positioning block support arranged side by side on the radial fixing module positioning seat, a first pusher installed in the pusher support, and a push-pull assembly installed in the radial positioning block support and coaxially arranged with the first pusher.

[0042] The radial positioning block support is provided with a sixth step hole whose axis is parallel to the base and whose stepped surface faces the pusher support.

[0043] The push-pull assembly includes a guide block, a push-pull block, and at least three radial expansion sliders;

[0044] The guide block includes a second large-diameter section and a second small-diameter section coaxially connected and having the same inner diameter. The second large-diameter section is installed inside the large hole of the sixth step hole, and the second small-diameter section protrudes through the small hole of the sixth step hole. The outer diameters of the second large-diameter section and the second small-diameter section are respectively clearance-fitted with the large hole and the small hole of the sixth step hole, and the stepped surface formed between them can fit and limit the movement with the stepped surface of the sixth step hole. An end cap is installed on the end face of the second small-diameter section.

[0045] The push-pull block is axially inserted into the guide block and is clearance-fitted with the guide block.

[0046] One end of the radial expansion slider is installed on the side wall of the push-pull block, and the other end extends out from the side wall of the second small diameter section and is clearance-fitted with the second small diameter section. It is used to extend into the corresponding radial positioning inner hole on the casting blank to be processed and then support it on the inner wall of the casting blank to be processed.

[0047] The working end of the first thruster is connected to the push-pull block.

[0048] Furthermore, the radial fixing and positioning module also includes a limiting ring plate, a first push-pull rod, an adjusting ring plate, and a fifth compression spring;

[0049] The limiting ring plate is installed on the end face of the second large diameter section;

[0050] One end of the first push-pull rod is connected to the working end of the first pusher, and the other end extends from the center hole of the limiting ring plate into the second large-diameter section and is fixedly connected to the push-pull block; a gap is provided between the first push-pull rod and the center hole of the limiting ring plate.

[0051] The adjusting ring plate is located between the limiting ring plate and the working end of the first pusher, and is threadedly fitted outside the first push-pull rod, with its outer diameter being larger than the diameter of the central hole of the limiting ring plate;

[0052] The fifth compression spring is fitted outside the first push-pull rod, with one end in contact with the adjusting ring plate and the other end in contact with the limiting ring plate.

[0053] Furthermore, the expandable anti-rotation positioning module includes a dovetail groove seat set on the base, a dovetail groove block slidably connected above the dovetail groove seat, a second pusher and an L-shaped guide plate installed on the dovetail groove block, an expansion component installed on the working end of the second pusher via a second push-pull rod, a third pusher installed in the dovetail groove seat, and an L-shaped connecting block.

[0054] The expansion assembly includes an upper push rod, a lower push rod, and a tension spring;

[0055] One end of each of the upper push rod and the lower push rod is rotatably connected to the second push-pull rod, so that the other end of the upper push rod and the lower push rod can open and close; the other end of the upper push rod and the lower push rod are respectively equipped with rollers for close contact with the rotation positioning reference on the casting blank to be processed.

[0056] The two ends of the tension spring are respectively connected to the upper push rod and the lower push rod;

[0057] One end of the L-shaped guide plate is fixedly connected to the dovetail groove block, and the other end is bent between the upper push rod and the lower push rod;

[0058] One end of the L-shaped connecting block is fixedly connected to the dovetail groove block, and the other end is bent downward and connected to the working end of the third thruster.

[0059] Furthermore, the fixed support clamping module includes four low support components and one high support component; the four low support components are evenly distributed on the left and right sides of the elastic support module; the high support component is installed on the right side of the elastic support module.

[0060] The low support assembly includes a low support base fixedly mounted on a base and a first linkage clamp mounted on the low support base; the working end of the first linkage clamp faces the casting blank to be processed.

[0061] The high support assembly includes a high support base fixedly mounted on the base and a second linkage clamp mounted on the high support base; the working end of the second linkage clamp faces the casting blank to be processed.

[0062] Furthermore, it also includes an auxiliary support module, an anti-collision module, and a basic hydraulic system module;

[0063] The auxiliary support module includes a short support base, a middle support base and a long support base respectively installed on the base, a thin anti-collision cylinder installed on the short support base and two thick anti-collision cylinders respectively installed on the middle support base and the long support base.

[0064] The short support base is located on the right side of the elastic support module; the medium support base and the long support base are located on the left side of the elastic support module; the anti-collision ends of the thin anti-collision cylinder and the thick anti-collision cylinder both face the casting blank to be processed.

[0065] The anti-collision module includes anti-collision plates No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, and No. 5, all with their functional ends facing the casting blank to be processed. Anti-collision plate No. 1 is installed on the upper end of the middle support base; anti-collision plate No. 2 is installed on the top of the long support base; anti-collision plate No. 3 is installed on the upper end of the dovetail groove block; anti-collision plate No. 4 is installed on the dovetail groove base; and anti-collision plate No. 5 is installed in the middle of the long support base.

[0066] The basic hydraulic system module is used to provide hydraulic power to the rotary cylinder, the first thruster, the second thruster, the third thruster, the first linkage clamp, and the second linkage clamp, respectively.

[0067] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0068] 1. The present invention provides a support and positioning device for casting blanks, which can realize the single-machine production line processing of casting blanks in horizontal machining centers, effectively reducing processing time and improving work efficiency. At the same time, this process can provide flexibility for production scheduling.

[0069] 2. The present invention provides a support and positioning device for casting blanks, which adopts a combination of pre-positioning structure and final positioning structure in positioning. The pre-positioning realizes the first step of positioning of the casting blank, which can provide a basic spatial position for the final positioning of the casting blank. The final positioning realizes the final accurate positioning of the casting blank. This positioning method can eliminate the influence on the positioning effect of the casting blank.

[0070] 3. The support and positioning device for casting blanks provided by the present invention adopts double rectangular support and V-shaped support in the pre-positioning structure, which can avoid center deviation caused by single-sided shape positioning, that is, good centering.

[0071] 4. The present invention provides a support and positioning device for casting blanks. The final positioning adopts three-point external expansion positioning and upper and lower positioning rods with figure-eight movable positioning, and is driven by a hydraulic cylinder. It can not only achieve high-precision final positioning, but also improve the system height and reduce the vibration caused by processing.

[0072] 5. The present invention provides a support and positioning device for casting blanks. The entire support and positioning device is hydraulically driven, with stable and reliable clamping force, and is easy to realize the full automation transformation of the production line. Attached Figure Description

[0073] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a support and positioning device for casting blanks according to the present invention.

[0074] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the axial pre-positioning module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the radial pre-positioning module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the elastic support module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the elastic compression module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the radial fixing and positioning module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the expandable anti-rotation positioning module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 Side view;

[0081] Figure 9 yes Figure 1 Top view.

[0082] Icon labels:

[0083] 1-Axial pre-positioning module, 11-Axial pre-positioning rectangular seat, 12-Second compression spring, 13-First guide pin, 14-First positioning pin, 15-Second guide bolt;

[0084] 2-Radial pre-positioning module, 21-Radial pre-positioning V-shaped seat, 22-Second positioning pin, 23-Third compression spring, 24-Second guide pin, 25-Third guide bolt;

[0085] 3-Elastic support module, 31-Pre-positioning support plate, 32-Guide sleeve, 33-Guide seat, 34-First guide post, 35-First compression spring, 36-Second guide post, 37-Auxiliary guide seat, 38-Support post, 39-First guide bolt;

[0086] 4-Elastic compression module, 41-Fourth compression spring, 42-Long rotating arm, 43-Rotating cylinder, 44-Rotating cylinder support seat, 45-Tightening bolt;

[0087] 5-Radial fixed positioning module, 51-End face cover, 52-Radial expansion slider, 53-Push-pull block, 54-Guide block, 55-First push-pull rod, 56-Limiting ring plate, 57-Fifth compression spring, 58-Adjusting ring plate, 59-Radial positioning block support, 510-First thruster, 511-Thruster support, 512-Oil pipe joint, 514-Radial fixed module positioning seat;

[0088] 6-Expandable anti-rotation positioning module, 61-Dovetail groove seat, 62-Second pusher, 63-L-shaped connecting block, 64-Dovetail groove block, 65-Third pusher, 66-Upper push rod, 67-Lower push rod, 68-Roller, 69-Tension spring, 610-L-shaped guide plate, 611-Connecting pin, 612-Cotter pin, 613-Second push-pull rod;

[0089] 7-Fixed support clamping module, 71-Low support base, 72-High support base, 74-First linkage clamp, 75-Second linkage clamp;

[0090] 8-Auxiliary support module, 81-Short support base, 82-Medium support base, 83-Long support base, 85-Thin anti-collision cylinder, 86-Thick anti-collision cylinder;

[0091] The short support 81 is located on the right side of the elastic support module 3; the medium support 82 and the long support 83 are located on the left side of the elastic support module 3; the anti-collision ends of the thin anti-collision cylinder 85 and the thick anti-collision cylinder 86 are both facing the casting blank to be processed.

[0092] Anti-collision module 9:

[0093] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the anti-collision module 9 includes anti-collision plate 91, anti-collision plate 92, anti-collision plate 93, anti-collision plate 94 and anti-collision plate 95, all with their active ends facing the casting blank to be processed.

[0094] Anti-collision plate 91 is installed on the upper end of the middle support 82; anti-collision plate 92 is installed on the top of the long support 83; anti-collision plate 93 is installed on the upper end of the dovetail groove block 64; anti-collision plate 94 is installed on the dovetail groove seat 61; and anti-collision plate 95 is installed in the middle of the long support 83.

[0095] Basic Hydraulic System Module 10:

[0096] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the basic hydraulic system module 10 provides hydraulic power to the rotary cylinder 43, the first thruster 510, the second thruster 62, the third thruster 65, the first linkage clamp 74, and the second linkage clamp 75, respectively. The basic hydraulic system module 10 includes connecting valves, connecting valve seats, a high-pressure gauge, a pressure gauge seat, an accumulator, a sequence valve, a pressure reducing valve, and plugs, etc.

[0097] The connecting valve and connecting valve seat are connected to the base 111 by hexagon head screws; the high-pressure gauge and the pressure gauge seat are connected by threads, and the pressure gauge seat is connected to the base 111 by hexagon head screws; the accumulator is connected to the base 111 by hexagon head screws; the sequence valve is connected to the base 111 by hexagon head screws; the pressure reducing valve is connected to the base 111 by hexagon head screws; the screw plug is threaded to the screw plug hole on the side of the base 111; the O-ring A mates with the low support seat 71, high support seat 72, short support seat 81, medium support seat 82, long support seat 83 and their base 111; the O-ring B mates with the pressure gauge seat and the base.

[0098] The base 111 is connected to the machine tool worktable by hexagon socket head cap screws and T-nuts; it is used to mate with the T-slot of the machine tool worktable by means of a directional key. The base 111 is also provided with eye bolts, which are connected to the base 111 by threads.

[0099] The working principle of this tooling for machining casting blanks is as follows:

[0100] First, the casting blank to be processed is gently placed on the pre-positioning support plate 31 of the elastic support module 3 using a special lifting tool. The three support columns 38 on the pre-positioning support plate 31 are in contact with the lower plane of the casting blank to be processed, achieving vertical pre-positioning. The axial pre-positioning rectangular seat 11 in the axial pre-positioning module 1 is in contact with the two symmetrical reinforcing ribs at the oil hole on the casting blank to be processed. The axial position of the casting blank to be processed can be fixed by the rectangular structure, the second compression spring 12, the first guide pin 13 and the connecting screw. The radial pre-positioning V-shaped seat 21 in the radial pre-positioning module 2 is in contact with the reinforcing rib on the clutch side of the casting blank to be processed. The radial position of the casting blank to be processed can be initially positioned by the V-shaped structure, the third compression spring 23, the second positioning pin 22 and the connecting screw. After pre-positioning, the center of the bearing hole of the blank is higher than the center of the end cover 51 in the radial fixed positioning module 5.

[0101] Second, connect the oil pipe connector 512 to the corresponding connecting valve, open the basic hydraulic system module, and the working process is as follows:

[0102] 2.1 The rotating cylinder 43 in the elastic compression module 4 moves, causing the long rotating arm 42, the fourth compression spring 41, and the tightening bolt 45 to rotate 90° and then move downwards. When the head of the tightening bolt 45 contacts the casting blank to be processed, the casting blank to be processed moves downwards under the downward force until the rotating cylinder 43 completes its stroke. If the center of the bearing hole of the casting blank to be processed is still 1.5mm higher than the center of the end face cover 51 in the radial fixing positioning module 5, an auxiliary shim needs to be added between the fourth compression spring 41 and the long rotating arm 42 to adjust the height difference between the two centers to be less than 1.5mm. If the center of the bearing hole of the casting blank to be processed is 1.5mm lower than the center of the end face cover 51 in the radial fixing positioning module 5, the tightening bolt 45 is adjusted to adjust the height difference between the two centers to be less than 1.5mm. That is, the height difference between the two centers is required to be less than 1.5mm during operation. This step completes the pre-positioning process of the casting blank to be processed.

[0103] 2.2 After the pre-positioning process is completed under hydraulic drive, when the oil pressure in the main oil circuit reaches 13MPa, the sequence valve and pressure reducing valve controlling the radial fixed positioning module 5 in the basic hydraulic system module 10 open. Under the action of high-pressure hydraulic oil, the first pusher 510 in the radial fixed positioning module 5 drives the first push-pull rod 55 to perform work. During its installation, there is a compressed fifth compression spring 57 between the limit ring plate 56 and the guide block 54, which causes the radial expansion slider 52 to retract into the rectangular groove on the side wall of the guide block 54. The first pusher 510 and the first push-pull rod 55 together push the guide block 54, push-pull block 53, end cover 51, radial expansion slider 52 and limiting ring plate 56 to move along the radial positioning block support 59. When the stepped surface on the outer wall of the guide block 54 contacts the stepped surface inside the radial positioning block support 59, the guide block 54 and end cover 51 stop moving. The push-pull block 53 continues to move axially along the inner hole of the guide block 54. The radial expansion slider 52 stops moving axially and begins to move radially. When the radial expansion slider 52 contacts the radial positioning inner hole of the casting blank to be processed, all movement stops. At this time, the radial fixing and positioning of the casting blank to be processed is completed.

[0104] 2.3 After radial fixing and positioning are completed under hydraulic drive, when the oil pressure in the main oil circuit reaches 14MPa, the sequence valve and pressure reducing valve of the control expansion anti-rotation positioning module 6 in the basic hydraulic system module 10 open. Under the action of high-pressure hydraulic oil, one of the third pushers 65 embedded in the dovetail seat 61 pushes the L-shaped connecting block 63, dovetail block 64, upper push rod 66, lower push rod 67, roller 68, tension spring 69, L-shaped guide plate 610, connecting pin 611, cotter pin 612 and second push-pull rod 613 to move until the dovetail block 64 and the dovetail section of the dovetail seat 61 are aligned. When interference occurs, the movement stops. At this time, the upper push rod 66 and the upper roller 68 of the lower push rod 67 enter the positioning structure of the casting blank to be processed. When the oil pressure in the oil circuit reaches 15MPa, the sequence valve in the auxiliary oil circuit opens, and the second pusher 62 installed in the dovetail groove block 64 pushes the upper push rod 66, the lower push rod 67, the roller 68, the tension spring 69, the connecting pin 611, the cotter pin 612, and the second push-pull rod 613 to move until the roller 68 on the upper push rod 66 and the lower push rod 67 are in close contact with the rotation positioning reference on the casting blank to be processed, and the movement stops, completing the anti-rotation positioning of the casting blank to be processed. After this step is completed, the entire positioning process of the casting blank to be processed is completed.

[0105] 2.4 After all the positioning of the casting blank to be processed is completed under hydraulic drive, when the oil pressure of the main oil circuit reaches 17MPa, the sequence valve and pressure reducing valve of all auxiliary support modules 8 in the basic hydraulic system module 10 work. Under the action of hydraulic oil, the thin anti-collision cylinder 85 and the thick anti-collision cylinder 86 pop up. Their caps are in close contact with the casting blank to be processed but do not generate active support force. They are used to support the casting blank to be processed and provide system rigidity.

[0106] 2.5 After the workpiece support is completed under hydraulic drive, when the oil pressure in the main oil circuit reaches 18MPa, the sequence valve and pressure reducing valve of the fixed support clamping module 7 controlled by 10 in the basic hydraulic system module will work. Under the action of high pressure hydraulic oil, the first linkage clamp 74 and the second linkage clamp 75 will drive their pressure plates to work. When the head of the pressure plate contacts the surface of the casting blank to be processed, the movement will stop. At this time, the positioning and clamping process of the casting blank to be processed is completed.

[0107] 2.6 Once the casting blank to be processed is positioned and clamped, machining can be performed according to the CNC programming.

[0108] Compared with traditional positioning structures, the radial fixed positioning module and the expansion anti-rotation positioning module in this invention not only achieve precise positioning of the casting blank to be processed, but also improve the rigidity of the fixture system due to hydraulic drive, providing hardware support for improving processing efficiency.

[0109] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A support positioning device for a cast blank, characterized by: It includes a base (111) and a pre-positioning mechanism and a final positioning mechanism disposed on the base (111); The base (111) is used to connect to the machine tool worktable for processing casting blanks; The pre-positioning mechanism includes an axial pre-positioning module (1), a radial pre-positioning module (2), an elastic support module (3), and an elastic compression module (4). By definition, one side of the elastic support module (3) is the left side, and the other side is the right side; The elastic support module (3) is located in the middle of the base (111) and is elastically connected to the base (111); the axial prepositioning module (1) and the radial prepositioning module (2) are respectively located above the elastic support module (3) and are used to support the bottom two ends of the casting blank to be processed; the elastic compression module (4) is located at the front right side of the elastic support module (3) and is used to press the front top of the casting blank to be processed. The final positioning mechanism includes a radial fixed positioning module (5), an expansion anti-rotation positioning module (6), and a fixed support clamping module (7). The radial fixing and positioning module (5) is located at the left front end of the elastic support module (3) and is used for radial positioning of the casting blank to be processed. The expansion-type anti-rotation positioning module (6) is located in the middle right side of the elastic support module (3) to prevent the casting blank to be processed from rotating; the expansion-type anti-rotation positioning module (6) includes a dovetail groove seat (61) set on the base (111), a dovetail groove block (64) slidably connected above the dovetail groove seat (61), a second pusher (62) and an L-shaped guide plate (610) installed on the dovetail groove block (64), an expansion component installed on the working end of the second pusher (62) via a second push-pull rod (613), a third pusher (65) installed in the dovetail groove seat (61), and an L-shaped connecting block (63); the expansion component includes an upper push rod (66), a lower push rod (67), and a tension spring (69); One end of the upper push rod (66) and the lower push rod (67) are rotatably connected to the second push-pull rod (613), so that the other ends of the upper push rod (66) and the lower push rod (67) can open and close; the other ends of the upper push rod (66) and the lower push rod (67) are respectively equipped with rollers (68) for close contact with the rotation positioning reference on the casting blank to be processed; the two ends of the tension spring (69) are respectively connected to the upper push rod (66) and the lower push rod (67); one end of the L-shaped guide plate (610) is fixedly connected to the dovetail groove block (64), and the other end is bent between the upper push rod (66) and the lower push rod (67); one end of the L-shaped connecting block (63) is fixedly connected to the dovetail groove block (64), and the other end is bent downward and connected to the working end of the third pusher (65); The fixed support clamping module (7) is distributed on the left and right sides of the elastic support module (3) and is used to support and clamp the casting blank to be processed.

2. Support and positioning device for castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic support module (3) includes a prepositioning support plate (31) arranged parallel above the base (111), a first guide mechanism and two second guide mechanisms; the first guide mechanism and the two second guide mechanisms are arranged between the base (111) and the prepositioning support plate (31); The top surface of the prepositioning support plate (31) is provided with a support column (38). The first guiding mechanism includes a guide seat (33) fixedly mounted on the base (111) and a guide sleeve (32) fixedly mounted on the bottom of the prepositioning support plate (31), as well as a first compression spring (35) and a first guide bolt (39); the guide sleeve (32) is fitted onto the upper end of the guide seat (33) and has a clearance fit with the guide seat (33); the guide seat (33) has a first stepped hole with its stepped surface facing upward; a first guide post (34) is installed in the first stepped hole; the first guide post (34) includes a first small diameter section and a first large diameter section coaxially connected; the first small diameter section... The first large-diameter section is threadedly connected to the small hole of the first stepped hole; the first large-diameter section is located inside the large hole of the first stepped hole; the first compression spring (35) is fitted between the outer wall of the first large-diameter section and the inner wall of the large hole of the first stepped hole, the upper end of the first compression spring (35) contacts the inner top surface of the guide sleeve (32), and its lower end contacts the stepped surface of the first stepped hole; the lower end of the first guide bolt (39) is coaxially fixed to the first guide post (34), and its upper end is vertically inserted into the guide sleeve (32) and the prepositioning support plate (31), and is clearance-fitted with the guide sleeve (32) and the prepositioning support plate (31); Two second guide mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the first guide mechanism; the second guide mechanism includes an auxiliary guide seat (37) and an auxiliary second guide post (36); the auxiliary guide seat (37) is fixedly installed on the base (111); the upper end of the auxiliary second guide post (36) is vertically fixed to the prepositioning support plate (31), and its lower end is clearance-fitted with the auxiliary guide seat (37).

3. The support and positioning device for casting blanks according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axial pre-positioning module (1) includes an axial pre-positioning rectangular seat (11), a second compression spring (12), a first guide pin (13), a first positioning pin (14), and two second guide bolts (15). The prepositioning support plate (31) is provided with a second step hole facing upward and two third step holes facing downward; The axial prepositioning rectangular seat (11) is located above the prepositioning support plate (31), with its rectangular slot opening facing upward, and is used to support the bottom of the rear end of the casting blank to be processed; The upper end of the first guide pin (13) is fixedly connected to the axial prepositioning rectangular seat (11), and its lower end passes through the large hole of the second stepped hole and is in clearance fit with the small hole of the second stepped hole; The second compression spring (12) is fitted outside the first guide pin (13), with its upper end in contact with the bottom surface of the axial prepositioning rectangular seat (11) and its lower end in contact with the stepped surface of the second stepped hole; The upper end of the first positioning pin (14) is fixedly connected to the axial prepositioning rectangular seat (11), and its lower end passes through the prepositioning support plate (31) and is clearance-fitted with the prepositioning support plate (31). The two second guide bolts (15) are located on both sides of the first guide pin (13) and the first positioning pin (14), respectively, and are respectively set with the two third step holes; the tail of the second guide bolt (15) is fixedly connected to the axial prepositioning rectangular seat (11), its head is in clearance fit with the large hole of the corresponding third step hole, and its middle part is in clearance fit with the small hole of the corresponding third step hole.

4. The support and positioning device for casting blanks according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radial pre-positioning module (2) includes a radial pre-positioning V-shaped seat (21), a second positioning pin (22), a third compression spring (23), a second guide pin (24), and two third guide bolts (25). The prepositioning support plate (31) is also provided with a fourth step hole facing upward and two fifth step holes facing downward; The radial prepositioning V-shaped seat (21) is located above the prepositioning support plate (31), with its V-groove opening facing upwards, and is used to support the bottom of the front end of the casting blank to be processed; The upper end of the second guide pin (24) is fixedly connected to the radial prepositioning V-shaped seat (21), and its lower end passes through the large hole of the fourth step hole and is in clearance fit with the small hole of the fourth step hole; The third compression spring (23) is fitted outside the second guide pin (24), with its upper end in contact with the bottom surface of the radial prepositioning V-shaped seat (21) and its lower end in contact with the step surface of the fourth step hole; The upper end of the second positioning pin (22) is fixedly connected to the radial prepositioning V-shaped seat (21), and its lower end passes through the prepositioning support plate (31) and is in clearance fit with the prepositioning support plate (31). The two third guide bolts (25) are located on both sides of the second positioning pin (22) and the second guide pin (24) respectively, and are respectively set with the two fifth step holes; the tail of the third guide bolt (25) is fixedly connected to the radial prepositioning V-shaped seat (21), its head is in clearance fit with the large hole of the corresponding fifth step hole, and its middle part is in clearance fit with the small hole of the corresponding fifth step hole.

5. The support and positioning device for casting blanks according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The elastic compression module (4) includes a fourth compression spring (41), a long rotating arm (42), a rotating cylinder (43), a rotating cylinder support seat (44), and a tightening bolt (45). The rotary cylinder support (44) is fixedly installed on the base (111); The cylinder body of the rotary cylinder (43) is fixedly installed on the rotary cylinder support (44), and its piston is vertically upward; One end of the long rotating arm (42) is perpendicularly fixed to the piston of the rotating cylinder (43); The tightening bolt (45) is vertically inserted on the other end of the long rotating arm (42), with its middle part in clearance fit with the long rotating arm (42), and its tail nut and its head stuck on the upper and lower surfaces of the other end of the long rotating arm (42). Its head is used to press the front top of the casting blank to be processed. The fourth compression spring (41) is fitted on the outer side of the middle part of the tightening bolt (45), with its upper end abutting against the bottom surface of the long rotating arm (42) and its lower end abutting against the head of the tightening bolt (45).

6. The support and positioning device for casting blanks according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radial fixed positioning module (5) includes a radial fixed module positioning seat (514) fixedly installed on the base (111), a pusher support (511) and a radial positioning block support (59) arranged side by side on the radial fixed module positioning seat (514), a first pusher (510) installed in the pusher support (511), and a push-pull assembly installed in the radial positioning block support (59) and coaxially arranged with the first pusher (510); The radial positioning block support (59) has a sixth step hole whose axis is parallel to the base (111) and whose step surface faces the pusher support (511); The push-pull assembly includes a guide block (54), a push-pull block (53), and at least three radial expansion sliders (52). The guide block (54) includes a second large diameter section and a second small diameter section coaxially connected and having the same inner diameter. The second large diameter section is installed in the large hole of the sixth step hole, and the second small diameter section passes through the small hole of the sixth step hole. The outer diameters of the second large diameter section and the second small diameter section are respectively clearance-fitted with the large hole and the small hole of the sixth step hole, and the stepped surface formed between them can fit and limit the movement with the stepped surface of the sixth step hole. An end cap (51) is installed on the end face of the second small diameter section. The push-pull block (53) is axially inserted into the guide block (54) and is in clearance fit with the guide block (54); One end of the radial expansion slider (52) is installed on the side wall of the push-pull block (53), and the other end extends out from the side wall of the second small diameter section and is clearance-fitted with the second small diameter section. It is used to extend into the corresponding radial positioning inner hole on the casting blank to be processed and then support it on the inner wall of the casting blank to be processed. The working end of the first thruster (510) is connected to the push-pull block (53).

7. The support and positioning device for casting blanks according to claim 6, characterized in that: The radial fixing and positioning module (5) also includes a limiting ring plate (56), a first push-pull rod (55), an adjusting ring plate (58), and a fifth compression spring (57). The limiting ring plate (56) is installed on the end face of the second large diameter section; One end of the first push-pull rod (55) is connected to the working end of the first pusher (510), and the other end extends from the center hole of the limiting ring plate (56) into the second large diameter section and is fixedly connected to the push-pull block (53); a gap is provided between the first push-pull rod (55) and the center hole of the limiting ring plate (56); The adjusting ring plate (58) is located between the limiting ring plate (56) and the working end of the first pusher (510), and is threadedly fitted outside the first push-pull rod (55), with its outer diameter being larger than the diameter of the center hole of the limiting ring plate (56); The fifth compression spring (57) is fitted outside the first push-pull rod (55), with one end in contact with the adjusting ring plate (58) and the other end in contact with the limiting ring plate (56).

8. The support and positioning device for casting blanks according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixed support clamping module (7) includes four low support components and one high support component; The four low support components are evenly distributed on the left and right sides of the elastic support module (3); the high support component is installed on the right side of the elastic support module (3); The low support assembly includes a low support base (71) fixedly mounted on the base (111) and a first linkage clamp (74) mounted on the low support base (71); the working end of the first linkage clamp (74) faces the casting blank to be processed. The high support assembly includes a high support base (72) fixedly mounted on the base (111) and a second linkage clamp (75) mounted on the high support base (72); the working end of the second linkage clamp (75) faces the casting blank to be processed.

9. The support and positioning device for casting blanks according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes an auxiliary support module (8), an anti-collision module (9), and a basic hydraulic system module (10). The auxiliary support module (8) includes a short support seat (81), a middle support seat (82) and a long support seat (83) respectively installed on the base (111), as well as a thin anti-collision cylinder (85) installed on the short support seat (81) and two thick anti-collision cylinders (86) respectively installed on the middle support seat (82) and the long support seat (83). The short support base (81) is located on the right side of the elastic support module (3); the medium support base (82) and the long support base (83) are located on the left side of the elastic support module (3); the anti-collision ends of the thin anti-collision cylinder (85) and the thick anti-collision cylinder (86) are both facing the casting blank to be processed. The anti-collision module (9) includes a first anti-collision plate (91), a second anti-collision plate (92), a third anti-collision plate (93), a fourth anti-collision plate (94), and a fifth anti-collision plate (95), all with their working ends facing the casting blank to be processed. The first anti-collision plate (91) is installed on the upper end of the middle support base (82); the second anti-collision plate (92) is installed on the top of the long support base (83); the third anti-collision plate (93) is installed on the upper end of the dovetail groove block (64); the fourth anti-collision plate (94) is installed on the dovetail groove base (61); and the fifth anti-collision plate (95) is installed in the middle of the long support base (83). The basic hydraulic system module (10) is used to provide hydraulic power to the rotary cylinder (43), the first thruster (510), the second thruster (62), the third thruster (65), the first linkage clamp (74), and the second linkage clamp (75), respectively.

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