A high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber-plastic sheet, its preparation method and application

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of high-temperature resistant rubber and plastic materials technology, specifically to a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet, its preparation method, and its application. The high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet comprises, from top to bottom, a first flame-retardant layer, a support layer, and a second flame-retardant layer. The main raw materials of the first flame-retardant layer include Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber and flame-retardant coated glass fiber. The main raw materials of the support layer include waste rubber and plastic sheet particles and chopped basalt fiber. The main raw materials of the second flame-retardant layer include graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber, EPDM rubber, mica powder, and flame-retardant coated glass fiber. This invention utilizes the synergistic effect of each raw material component, supplemented with additives, to give the high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet excellent mechanical properties and high-temperature resistance, while also possessing good flame-retardant properties. This effectively solves the problems of limited high-temperature flame-retardant properties, poor mechanical properties, and environmental unfriendliness of existing rubber and plastic materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-temperature resistant rubber and plastic materials technology, specifically to a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of modern industry, the demand for high-temperature operations is increasing. Ordinary rubber and plastic materials often experience performance degradation under high-temperature conditions, failing to meet practical application requirements. In many high-temperature and flammable environments, such as aerospace, automotive engine compartments, and the interiors of electronic and electrical equipment, high-temperature resistant rubber and plastic materials have received widespread attention and in-depth research due to their ability to maintain stable physical and chemical properties at high temperatures for extended periods. These materials not only possess excellent rubber elasticity and plastic processing properties but also exhibit outstanding flame-retardant effects to prevent fire accidents. Their continuous performance improvement and innovative applications are of paramount importance in driving technological progress in related industries.

[0003] However, existing high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant rubber and plastic materials still have certain temperature limitations. When the temperature exceeds their tolerance range, the material's performance deteriorates, and the flame-retardant effect worsens. Furthermore, compared to materials like metals, rubber and plastic materials have lower mechanical strength and poorer mechanical properties, making them more susceptible to damage from external forces. In applications requiring high pressure or impact, additional protective measures may be necessary. Existing technologies have proposed methods such as modifying rubber and plastic materials. Reports indicate that organic modification of rubber or plastic components can further improve the high-temperature resistance of rubber and plastic materials. However, organically modified rubber and plastic materials inevitably release toxic gases at high temperatures, which is environmentally unfriendly. Moreover, organic modification offers very limited improvement in the high-temperature resistance of rubber and plastics, making it difficult to meet the demands of applications at even higher temperatures.

[0004] Therefore, developing a rubber and plastic material with good high-temperature resistance and flame retardant properties is of great practical significance for the development of rubber and plastic materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the limitations of existing rubber and plastic materials in terms of limited high-temperature flame retardancy, poor mechanical properties, and environmental unfriendliness, this invention provides a high-temperature flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet, its preparation method, and its applications. The high-temperature flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet comprises, from top to bottom, a first flame-retardant layer, a support layer, and a second flame-retardant layer. The first flame-retardant layer comprises Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber, flame-retardant coated glass fiber, antioxidants, activators, and vulcanization auxiliaries. The support layer comprises waste rubber and plastic sheet particles, chopped basalt fiber, and an adhesive. The second flame-retardant layer comprises graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber, EPDM rubber, mica powder, flame-retardant coated glass fiber, antioxidants, activators, and vulcanization auxiliaries. This invention utilizes the synergistic effect of the various components to successfully prepare a rubber and plastic sheet with excellent mechanical properties, good high-temperature resistance, and flame retardancy, which is environmentally friendly and can effectively alleviate the pressure of solid waste disposal.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides a high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet, which comprises, from top to bottom, a first flame-retardant layer, a support layer, and a second flame-retardant layer; wherein, the raw material of the first flame-retardant layer comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 35-60 parts of Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber, 5-15 parts of flame-retardant coated glass fiber, 1-5 parts of antioxidant, 1-3 parts of activator, and 1-3 parts of vulcanization aid;

[0008] The support layer comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of waste rubber and plastic sheet granules, 20-30 parts of chopped basalt fiber, and 5-15 parts of adhesive;

[0009] The second flame-retardant layer comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 35-55 parts of graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber, 10-25 parts of EPDM rubber, 10-20 parts of mica powder, 5-15 parts of flame-retardant coated glass fiber, 1-5 parts of antioxidant, 1-3 parts of activator and 1-3 parts of vulcanization aid.

[0010] This invention designs a layered high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber-plastic sheet, with its upper and lower surfaces made of flame-retardant rubber material, and the support layer being a mixture of waste rubber-plastic sheet and rigid fibers. The first flame-retardant layer (upper surface) primarily uses Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber and flame-retardant coated glass fiber. Silicon dioxide modification of the silicone rubber further increases the content of silicon-oxygen bonds. Due to the high bond energy of silicon-oxygen bonds, the silicone rubber molecular chains are less prone to breakage at high temperatures. Simultaneously, organic groups can be attached to silicon atoms, which can adjust the flexibility of the silicone rubber to a certain extent, allowing it to maintain good elasticity over a wide temperature range. Iron oxide can react with the free radicals generated by the breakage of silicone rubber at high temperatures, preventing the chain reaction of free radicals and thus disrupting the chain degradation reaction of the silicone rubber main chain caused by free radicals. This reduces the high-temperature damage to the silicone rubber, improves its heat resistance, and also absorbs some heat, slowing down the rate of temperature-induced damage to the silicone rubber. Glass fiber itself has high strength and high modulus. After being coated with flame retardant, it can not only improve the tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength of the material, but also form a barrier layer, which can play a role in oxygen isolation and heat insulation, giving the rubber and plastic sheet good mechanical properties and flame retardant properties.

[0011] The support layer is primarily constructed from waste rubber and plastic sheets and chopped basalt fibers. This not only effectively alleviates the processing pressure of waste rubber and plastic sheets and enables the recycling of solid waste materials, but also serves as a filler within the basalt fiber skeleton. Basalt fiber possesses superior mechanical properties, exhibiting high strength and high modulus. As a support layer skeleton, it provides excellent rigidity and resistance to deformation, maintaining structural stability. Furthermore, basalt fiber exhibits high-temperature resistance, maintaining chemical stability even under high-temperature environments and minimizing the risk of thermal deformation or embrittlement.

[0012] The second flame-retardant layer (bottom surface) of this invention is made primarily of graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber, EPDM rubber, mica powder, and flame-retardant coated glass fiber. The addition of graphene effectively improves the tensile strength and wear resistance of fluororubber, enabling it to withstand greater external forces and friction. Furthermore, the layered structure of graphene forms a grid structure within the fluororubber, effectively blocking the penetration of gas molecules. The graphene-modified fluororubber has a more stable molecular structure and better anti-aging properties. The addition of zinc oxide absorbs free radicals generated by the fluororubber at high temperatures, slowing down the thermal degradation reaction of the fluororubber molecules, improving its thermal stability, and reducing aging and cracking under high-temperature conditions. Additionally, the addition of zinc oxide accelerates the vulcanization rate and improves production efficiency. Mica powder, with its layered structure, acts as a barrier in the rubber matrix when used as a filler, reducing the rate of gas and heat transfer and decreasing the heat absorbed by the rubber under high-temperature conditions.

[0013] In summary, this invention uses Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber flame-retardant coated glass fiber, waste rubber and plastic sheet granules, chopped basalt fiber, graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber, EPDM rubber, and mica powder as main raw materials, supplemented with antioxidants, adhesives, activators, and vulcanization auxiliaries, to prepare a layered rubber and plastic sheet with excellent mechanical properties and good high-temperature flame retardant properties. This effectively solves the problems of limited high-temperature flame retardant properties, poor mechanical properties, and environmental unfriendliness of existing rubber and plastic materials, providing a new design concept for the development of high-temperature resistant rubber and plastic materials.

[0014] Preferably, the thickness of the first flame-retardant layer is 10mm-20mm.

[0015] Preferably, the thickness of the support layer is 20mm-30mm.

[0016] Preferably, the thickness of the second flame-retardant layer is 15mm-25mm.

[0017] Preferably, the preparation method of the Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber includes the following steps:

[0018] S1. Disperse nano-silica and nano-iron oxide in a silane coupling agent and sonicate to obtain a mixture;

[0019] S2. The raw silicone rubber is intensively mixed at 90℃-110℃ to obtain intensively mixed rubber; the intensively mixed rubber is mixed evenly with the mixture and intensively mixed at 80℃-95℃, and a vulcanizing agent is added for vulcanization to obtain Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber.

[0020] More preferably, in S1, the mass ratio of nano-silica to nano-iron oxide is 1:0.3-1:0.4.

[0021] More preferably, in S1, the silane coupling agent is KH570 or KH550.

[0022] More preferably, in S1, the mass ratio of the nano-silica to the silane coupling agent is 1:3-1:5.

[0023] More preferably, in S1, the temperature of the ultrasonic treatment is 40℃-50℃, and the time of the ultrasonic treatment is 30min-40min.

[0024] More preferably, in S2, the mass ratio of the raw silicone rubber to the mixture is 5:1-5:2.

[0025] More preferably, in S2, the mixing time is 5-10 minutes.

[0026] More preferably, in S2, the mixing time is 8 min-12 min.

[0027] More preferably, in S2, the vulcanizing agent is dicumyl peroxide.

[0028] More preferably, in S2, the amount of the vulcanizing agent added is 5%-10% of the mass of the raw silicone rubber.

[0029] More preferably, in S2, the vulcanization temperature is 180℃-190℃, and the vulcanization time is 20h-24h.

[0030] Preferably, the method for preparing the flame-retardant coated glass fiber includes the following steps:

[0031] Step a: Mix and disperse glass fiber and silane coupling agent in alcohol solvent, sonicate, filter, and obtain pretreated glass fiber;

[0032] Step b: Mix the flame retardant and epoxy resin evenly to obtain a flame retardant slurry;

[0033] Step c: Impregnate the pretreated glass fiber in the flame-retardant slurry and dry it to obtain the flame-retardant coated glass fiber.

[0034] More preferably, in step a, the length of the glass fiber is 0.5mm-1mm.

[0035] More preferably, in step a, the mass ratio of the glass fiber to the silane coupling agent is 1:0.4-1:0.6.

[0036] More preferably, in step a, the alcohol solvent is anhydrous ethanol.

[0037] More preferably, in step a, the mass-to-volume ratio of the silane coupling agent to the alcohol solvent is 1g:5mL-1g:8mL.

[0038] More preferably, in step a, the ultrasound duration is 1-2 hours.

[0039] More preferably, in step b, the flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant or aluminum diethylphosphonate flame retardant.

[0040] More preferably, in step b, the mass-to-volume ratio of the flame retardant to the epoxy resin is 1g:3mL-1g:4mL.

[0041] More preferably, in step b, the mass ratio of the pretreated glass fiber to the flame-retardant slurry is 1:1.5-1:2.

[0042] More preferably, in step c, the soaking time is 1h-3h.

[0043] More preferably, in step c, the drying temperature is 80℃-90℃, the vacuum degree is 0.6MPa-0.7MPa, and the drying time is 3h-5h.

[0044] Preferably, the preparation method of the graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber includes the following steps: intensively mixing raw fluororubber at 60℃-75℃ to obtain intensively mixed fluororubber; adding graphene powder and nano-ZnO to the intensively mixed fluororubber, mixing at 70℃-85℃, adding a vulcanizing agent for vulcanization, to obtain graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber.

[0045] More preferably, the mixing time is 8-10 minutes.

[0046] More preferably, the mass ratio of the fluororubber raw material, the graphene powder, and the nano-ZnO is 1:0.2:0.1 to 1:0.3:0.1.

[0047] More preferably, the mixing time is 4-6 minutes.

[0048] More preferably, the amount of the vulcanizing agent added is 5%-8% of the mass of the fluororubber raw rubber.

[0049] More preferably, the vulcanization temperature is 170℃-220℃ and the vulcanization time is 16h-24h.

[0050] Preferably, the antioxidant is antioxidant MB.

[0051] Preferably, the activator is stearic acid.

[0052] Preferably, the vulcanizing aid is a mixture of sulfur and ethylene thiourea in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0053] Preferably, the adhesive is hexamethoxymethylmelamine.

[0054] Preferably, the length of the chopped basalt fiber is 5mm-15mm.

[0055] A second aspect of this invention provides a method for preparing the aforementioned high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant rubber-plastic sheet, comprising the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: Weigh the Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber, flame-retardant coated glass fiber, antioxidant and activator according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, and knead them at 85℃-95℃. Then add the vulcanization aid and vulcanize them at 160℃-180℃. Extrude and mold them to obtain the first flame-retardant layer board.

[0057] Step 2: Weigh the waste rubber and plastic sheet granules, chopped basalt fibers and adhesive according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, knead them at 100℃-110℃, and extrude them to obtain the support layer board.

[0058] Step 3: Weigh the graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber, EPDM rubber, and mica powder according to the design ratio, add flame-retardant coating glass fiber, antioxidant and activator, mix evenly, and knead at 80℃-90℃. Then add vulcanization aids and vulcanize at 150℃-180℃. Extrude and mold to obtain the second flame-retardant layer board.

[0059] Step 4: Stack the second flame-retardant layer sheet, the support layer sheet, and the first flame-retardant layer sheet in sequence from bottom to top. The second flame-retardant layer sheet, the support layer sheet, and the first flame-retardant layer sheet are all bonded together with hot melt fiber to obtain a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet.

[0060] Preferably, in step one, the mixing temperature is 8-10 minutes.

[0061] Preferably, in step one, the vulcanization time is 12h-16h.

[0062] Preferably, in step two, the mixing time is 15-20 minutes.

[0063] Preferably, in step three, the mixing time is 8-12 minutes.

[0064] Preferably, in step three, the specific operation of vulcanization is as follows: after adding the vulcanization accelerator, the temperature is raised to 150℃-160℃ for a first-stage vulcanization of 2h-4h; then the temperature is raised to 170℃-180℃ for a second-stage vulcanization of 12h-14h.

[0065] Preferably, in step four, the hot-melt fiber is a polyolefin multifiber (SWP).

[0066] The third aspect of this invention provides an application of the high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet or the high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet prepared by the preparation method of the high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet in the field of flame-retardant materials.

[0067] In summary, this invention designs a layered high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant rubber-plastic sheet. By utilizing the synergistic effect of the raw material components between the layers, a rubber-plastic product with excellent mechanical properties, high-temperature resistance, and flame retardant properties is obtained. The preparation method of the high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant rubber-plastic sheet is simple, and the raw materials are mostly modified inorganically, making it environmentally friendly. The technical solution of this invention effectively solves the problems of limited high-temperature flame retardant properties, poor mechanical properties, and environmental unfriendliness of existing rubber-plastic materials, providing a new approach for the development of high-temperature resistant rubber-plastic materials. Detailed Implementation

[0068] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] This embodiment provides a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber-plastic sheet and its preparation method, specifically including the following:

[0071] The high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet comprises, from top to bottom, a first flame-retardant layer, a support layer, and a second flame-retardant layer; the raw materials of the first flame-retardant layer include the following raw material components in parts by weight: 55 parts of Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber, 10 parts of flame-retardant coated glass fiber, 3 parts of antioxidant MB, 2 parts of stearic acid, and 2 parts of vulcanization aid.

[0072] The support layer comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 55 parts waste rubber and plastic sheet granules, 25 parts chopped basalt fiber, and 10 parts hexamethoxymethyl melamine.

[0073] The second flame-retardant layer comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 45 parts graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber, 20 parts EPDM rubber, 15 parts mica powder, 10 parts flame-retardant coated glass fiber, 3 parts antioxidant MB, 2 parts stearic acid, and 2 parts vulcanization aid.

[0074] The preparation method of the high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet includes the following steps:

[0075] Step 1: Weigh the Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber, flame-retardant coated glass fiber, antioxidant and activator according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, and knead them at 90℃ for 10 minutes. Then add the vulcanization aid and vulcanize them at 175℃ for 14 hours. Extrude and mold them to obtain a first flame-retardant layer sheet with a thickness of 15mm.

[0076] Step 2: Weigh waste rubber and plastic sheet granules, 10mm chopped basalt fibers and hexamethoxymethyl melamine according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, knead them at 105℃ for 18 minutes, and extrude them to obtain a support layer board with a thickness of 25mm.

[0077] Step 3: Weigh the graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber, EPDM rubber, mica powder, flame-retardant coated glass fiber, antioxidant and activator according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, and knead them at 85℃ for 10 minutes. Then add vulcanization aids, first heat up to 155℃ for a first stage of vulcanization for 3 hours, then heat up to 175℃ for a second stage of vulcanization for 14 hours, and extrude to obtain a second flame-retardant layer sheet with a thickness of 20mm.

[0078] Step 4: Stack the second flame-retardant layer sheet, the support layer sheet, and the first flame-retardant layer sheet in sequence from bottom to top. The second flame-retardant layer sheet, the support layer sheet, and the first flame-retardant layer sheet are all bonded together with polyolefin multifiber SWP to obtain a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet.

[0079] The preparation method of the Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber includes the following steps:

[0080] S1. Disperse 100g of nano-silica and 35g of nano-iron oxide in 400g of silane coupling agent KH570, and sonicate at 45℃ for 35min to obtain a modified mixture.

[0081] S2. Mix 2.5 kg of raw silicone rubber at 105°C for 6 min to obtain mixed rubber; mix the mixed rubber with the modified mixture evenly, mix at 90°C for 10 min, add 150 g of dicumyl peroxide for vulcanization, and vulcanize at 185°C for 24 h to obtain Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber.

[0082] The method for preparing the flame-retardant coated glass fiber includes the following steps:

[0083] Step a: Mix 200g of glass fiber with a length of 0.8mm with 100g of silane coupling agent KH570 and disperse in 600mL of anhydrous ethanol, sonicate for 1.5h, filter, and obtain pretreated glass fiber.

[0084] Step b: Mix 100g of ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant with 350g of epoxy resin evenly to obtain flame retardant slurry;

[0085] Step c: Impregnate the pretreated glass fiber in the flame-retardant slurry for 2 hours, filter, and dry at a vacuum of 0.7 MPa and 85°C for 4 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coated glass fiber.

[0086] The preparation method of the graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber includes the following steps: 2 kg of fluororubber raw rubber is mixed at 70°C for 9 min to obtain mixed fluororubber; 450 g of graphene powder and 200 g of nano ZnO are added to the mixed fluororubber, and the mixture is mixed at 80°C for 5 min; 130 g of dicumyl peroxide is added, and the mixture is vulcanized at 190°C for 20 h to obtain graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber.

[0087] The vulcanization aid is a mixture of sulfur and ethylene thiourea in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0088] Example 2

[0089] This embodiment provides a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber-plastic sheet and its preparation method, specifically including the following:

[0090] The high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet comprises, from top to bottom, a first flame-retardant layer, a support layer, and a second flame-retardant layer; the raw materials of the first flame-retardant layer include the following raw material components in parts by weight: 60 parts of Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber, 12 parts of flame-retardant coated glass fiber, 5 parts of antioxidant MB, 3 parts of stearic acid, and 3 parts of vulcanization aid.

[0091] The support layer comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 50 parts waste rubber and plastic sheet granules, 30 parts chopped basalt fiber, and 15 parts hexamethoxymethyl melamine;

[0092] The second flame-retardant layer comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 55 parts graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber, 15 parts EPDM rubber, 20 parts mica powder, 15 parts flame-retardant coated glass fiber, 3 parts antioxidant MB, 3 parts stearic acid, and 3 parts vulcanization aid.

[0093] The preparation method of the high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet includes the following steps:

[0094] Step 1: Weigh the Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber, flame-retardant coated glass fiber, antioxidant and activator according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, knead them at 85℃ for 9 minutes, add vulcanization aids, vulcanize them at 170℃ for 14 hours, and extrude them to obtain a first flame-retardant layer sheet with a thickness of 20mm.

[0095] Step 2: Weigh waste rubber and plastic sheet granules, 10mm chopped basalt fibers and hexamethoxymethyl melamine according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, knead them at 105℃ for 15 minutes, and extrude them to obtain a support layer board with a thickness of 30mm.

[0096] Step 3: Weigh the graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber, EPDM rubber, mica powder, flame-retardant coated glass fiber, antioxidant and activator according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, and knead them at 85℃ for 10 minutes. Then add vulcanization aids, first heat up to 155℃ for a first stage of vulcanization for 3 hours, then heat up to 175℃ for a second stage of vulcanization for 14 hours, and extrude to obtain a second flame-retardant layer sheet with a thickness of 15mm.

[0097] Step 4: Stack the second flame-retardant layer sheet, the support layer sheet, and the first flame-retardant layer sheet in sequence from bottom to top. The second flame-retardant layer sheet, the support layer sheet, and the first flame-retardant layer sheet are all bonded together with polyolefin multifiber SWP to obtain a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet.

[0098] The preparation method of the Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber includes the following steps:

[0099] S1. Disperse 100g of nano-silica and 35g of nano-iron oxide in 400g of silane coupling agent KH570, and sonicate at 45℃ for 35min to obtain a modified mixture.

[0100] S2. Mix 2.5 kg of raw silicone rubber at 105°C for 6 min to obtain mixed rubber; mix the mixed rubber with the modified mixture evenly, mix at 90°C for 10 min, add 150 g of dicumyl peroxide for vulcanization, and vulcanize at 190°C for 23 h to obtain Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber.

[0101] The method for preparing the flame-retardant coated glass fiber includes the following steps:

[0102] Step a: Mix 200g of glass fiber with a length of 0.8mm with 100g of silane coupling agent KH570 and disperse in 600mL of anhydrous ethanol, sonicate for 1.5h, filter, and obtain pretreated glass fiber.

[0103] Step b: Mix 100g of ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant with 300g of epoxy resin evenly to obtain flame retardant slurry;

[0104] Step c: Impregnate the pretreated glass fiber in the flame-retardant slurry for 2 hours, filter, and dry at a vacuum of 0.7 MPa and 85°C for 4 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coated glass fiber.

[0105] The preparation method of the graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber includes the following steps: 2 kg of fluororubber raw rubber is mixed at 70°C for 9 min to obtain mixed fluororubber; 450 g of graphene powder and 200 g of nano ZnO are added to the mixed fluororubber, and the mixture is mixed at 80°C for 5 min; 130 g of dicumyl peroxide is added, and the mixture is vulcanized at 190°C for 20 h to obtain graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber.

[0106] The vulcanization aid is a mixture of sulfur and ethylene thiourea in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0107] Example 3

[0108] This embodiment provides a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber-plastic sheet and its preparation method, specifically including the following:

[0109] The high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet comprises, from top to bottom, a first flame-retardant layer, a support layer, and a second flame-retardant layer; the raw materials of the first flame-retardant layer include the following raw material components in parts by weight: 40 parts of Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber, 15 parts of flame-retardant coated glass fiber, 5 parts of antioxidant MB, 1 part of stearic acid, and 3 parts of vulcanization aid.

[0110] The support layer comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 60 parts waste rubber and plastic sheet granules, 20 parts chopped basalt fiber, and 5 parts hexamethoxymethyl melamine;

[0111] The second flame-retardant layer comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 35 parts graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber, 25 parts EPDM rubber, 12 parts mica powder, 15 parts flame-retardant coated glass fiber, 3 parts antioxidant MB, 3 parts stearic acid, and 2 parts vulcanization aid.

[0112] The preparation method of the high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet includes the following steps:

[0113] Step 1: Weigh the Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber, flame-retardant coated glass fiber, antioxidant and activator according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, knead them at 90℃ for 10 minutes, add vulcanization aids, vulcanize them at 175℃ for 14 hours, and extrude them to obtain a first flame-retardant layer board with a thickness of 10mm.

[0114] Step 2: Weigh waste rubber and plastic sheet granules, 10mm chopped basalt fibers and hexamethoxymethyl melamine according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, knead them at 105℃ for 18 minutes, and extrude them to obtain a support layer board with a thickness of 23mm.

[0115] Step 3: Weigh the graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber, EPDM rubber, mica powder, flame-retardant coated glass fiber, antioxidant and activator according to the design ratio, mix evenly, and knead at 85℃ for 10 minutes. Then add vulcanization aid, first heat to 155℃ for first-stage vulcanization for 3 hours, then heat to 175℃ for second-stage vulcanization for 14 hours, and extrude to obtain a second flame-retardant layer sheet with a thickness of 18mm.

[0116] Step 4: Stack the second flame-retardant layer sheet, the support layer sheet, and the first flame-retardant layer sheet in sequence from bottom to top. The second flame-retardant layer sheet, the support layer sheet, and the first flame-retardant layer sheet are all bonded together with polyolefin multifiber SWP to obtain a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet.

[0117] The preparation method of the Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber includes the following steps:

[0118] S1. Disperse 100g of nano-silica and 35g of nano-iron oxide in 400g of silane coupling agent KH550, and sonicate at 45℃ for 35min to obtain a modified mixture.

[0119] S2. Mix 2.5 kg of raw silicone rubber at 105°C for 6 min to obtain mixed rubber; mix the mixed rubber with the modified mixture evenly, mix at 90°C for 10 min, add 150 g of dicumyl peroxide for vulcanization, and vulcanize at 180°C for 24 h to obtain Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber.

[0120] The method for preparing the flame-retardant coated glass fiber includes the following steps:

[0121] Step a: Mix 200g of glass fiber with a length of 0.8mm with 100g of silane coupling agent KH550 and disperse in 600mL of anhydrous ethanol, sonicate for 1.5h, filter, and obtain pretreated glass fiber.

[0122] Step b: Mix 100g of ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant with 300g of epoxy resin evenly to obtain flame retardant slurry;

[0123] Step c: Impregnate the pretreated glass fiber in the flame-retardant slurry for 2 hours, filter, and dry at a vacuum of 0.7 MPa and 85°C for 4 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coated glass fiber.

[0124] The preparation method of the graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber includes the following steps: 2 kg of fluororubber raw rubber is mixed at 70°C for 9 min to obtain mixed fluororubber; 450 g of graphene powder and 200 g of nano ZnO are added to the mixed fluororubber, and the mixture is mixed at 80°C for 5 min; 135 g of dicumyl peroxide is added, and the mixture is vulcanized at 190°C for 20 h to obtain graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber.

[0125] The vulcanization aid is a mixture of sulfur and ethylene thiourea in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0126] Comparative Example 1

[0127] This comparative example provides a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber-plastic sheet, which differs from Example 1 in that the Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber in the first flame-retardant layer is replaced with an equal amount of SiO2 modified silicone rubber, while other components and processes remain unchanged, and will not be described in detail here.

[0128] Comparative Example 2

[0129] This comparative example provides a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet, which differs from Example 1 in that the flame-retardant coated glass fiber in the first flame-retardant layer and the second flame-retardant layer is replaced with an equal amount of glass fiber, while other components and processes remain unchanged, and will not be described in detail here.

[0130] Comparative Example 3

[0131] This comparative example provides a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber-plastic sheet, which differs from Example 1 in that the graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber in the second flame-retardant layer is replaced with an equal amount of graphene modified fluororubber, while other components and processes remain unchanged, and will not be described in detail here.

[0132] Comparative Example 4

[0133] This comparative example provides a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet, which differs from Example 1 in that the mica powder in the second flame-retardant layer is replaced with an equal amount of graphite powder, while other components and processes remain unchanged, and will not be described in detail here.

[0134] In order to further demonstrate the technical effect of the present invention, the present invention conducted the following tests on the high temperature resistant flame retardant rubber and plastic sheets obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4: (1) the tensile strength, tear strength and elongation of each high temperature resistant flame retardant rubber and plastic sheet were tested at room temperature (25℃) and at high temperature (250℃, placed for 72h) in accordance with GB / T528-2009; (2) the flame retardant level was tested in accordance with UL94 standard; the test results are shown in Table 1-3.

[0135] Table 1. Test results of mechanical properties of various high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheets at room temperature.

[0136]

[0137] Table 2. Test results of mechanical properties of various high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheets at high temperatures.

[0138]

[0139] Table 3. Test results of mechanical properties of various high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheets at room temperature.

[0140]

[0141] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant rubber-plastic sheet, characterized in that: The high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet comprises, from top to bottom, a first flame-retardant layer, a support layer, and a second flame-retardant layer; wherein, the raw materials of the first flame-retardant layer include the following raw material components in parts by weight: 35-60 parts of Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber, 5-15 parts of flame-retardant coated glass fiber, 1-5 parts of antioxidant, 1-3 parts of activator, and 1-3 parts of vulcanization aid. The support layer comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of waste rubber and plastic sheet granules, 20-30 parts of chopped basalt fiber, and 5-15 parts of adhesive; The second flame-retardant layer comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 35-55 parts of graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber, 10-25 parts of EPDM rubber, 10-20 parts of mica powder, 5-15 parts of flame-retardant coated glass fiber, 1-5 parts of antioxidant, 1-3 parts of activator and 1-3 parts of vulcanization aid. The preparation method of the Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber includes the following steps: S1. Disperse nano-silica and nano-iron oxide in a silane coupling agent and sonicate to obtain a mixture; S2. The raw silicone rubber is intensively mixed at 90℃-110℃ to obtain intensively mixed rubber; the intensively mixed rubber is mixed evenly with the mixture, and then intensively mixed at 80℃-95℃. A vulcanizing agent is added for vulcanization to obtain Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber. In S1, the mass ratio of nano-silica to nano-iron oxide is 1:0.3-1:0.4; in S1, the mass ratio of nano-silica to silane coupling agent is 1:3-1:5; in S2, the mass ratio of raw silicone rubber to the mixture is 5:1-5:

2. The method for preparing the flame-retardant coated glass fiber includes the following steps: Step a: Mix and disperse glass fiber and silane coupling agent in alcohol solvent, sonicate, filter, and obtain pretreated glass fiber; Step b: Mix the flame retardant and epoxy resin evenly to obtain a flame retardant slurry; Step c: Impregnate the pretreated glass fiber in the flame-retardant slurry and dry it to obtain the flame-retardant coated glass fiber; In step a, the mass ratio of the glass fiber to the silane coupling agent is 1:0.4-1:0.6; In step a, the mass-to-volume ratio of the silane coupling agent to the alcohol solvent is 1g:5mL-1g:8mL; In step b, the mass-to-volume ratio of the flame retardant to the epoxy resin is 1g:3mL-1g:4mL; In step b, the mass ratio of the pretreated glass fiber to the flame-retardant slurry is 1:1.5-1:2; The preparation method of the graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber includes the following steps: intensively mixing raw fluororubber at 60℃-75℃ to obtain intensively mixed fluororubber; adding graphene powder and nano ZnO to the intensively mixed fluororubber, mixing at 70℃-85℃, adding a vulcanizing agent for vulcanization, to obtain graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber. The mass ratio of the fluororubber raw material, the graphene powder, and the nano-ZnO is 1:0.2:0.1 to 1:0.3:0.1; The amount of the vulcanizing agent added is 5%-8% of the mass of the fluororubber raw rubber.

2. The high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant rubber-plastic sheet as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the first flame-retardant layer is 10mm-20mm; The thickness of the support layer is 20mm-30mm; The thickness of the second flame-retardant layer is 15mm-25mm.

3. The high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the silane coupling agent is KH570 or KH550; In S1, the temperature of the ultrasonic treatment is 40-50℃, and the time of the ultrasonic treatment is 30-40 minutes. In S2, the mixing time is 5-10 minutes; In S2, the mixing time is 8 min-12 min; in S2, the vulcanizing agent is dicumyl peroxide; in S2, the amount of vulcanizing agent added is 5%-10% of the mass of the silicone rubber raw rubber.

4. The high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step a, the length of the glass fiber is 0.5mm-1mm; In step a, the ultrasound duration is 1-2 hours; In step b, the flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant or aluminum diethylphosphonate flame retardant; In step b, the soaking time is 1-3 hours.

5. The high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing time is 8-10 minutes; The mixing time is 4-6 minutes; The vulcanization temperature is 170℃-220℃, and the vulcanization time is 16h-24h.

6. A method for preparing a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber-plastic sheet as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Weigh the Fe2O3-SiO2 modified silicone rubber, flame-retardant coated glass fiber, antioxidant and activator according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, and knead them at 85℃-95℃. Then add the vulcanization aid and vulcanize them at 160℃-180℃. Extrude and mold them to obtain the first flame-retardant layer board. Step 2: Weigh the waste rubber and plastic sheet granules, chopped basalt fibers and adhesive according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, knead them at 100℃-110℃, and extrude them to obtain the support layer board. Step 3: Weigh the graphene-ZnO modified fluororubber, EPDM rubber, and mica powder according to the design ratio, add flame-retardant coating glass fiber, antioxidant and activator, mix evenly, and knead at 80℃-90℃. Then add vulcanization aids and vulcanize at 150℃-180℃. Extrude and mold to obtain the second flame-retardant layer board. Step 4: Stack the second flame-retardant layer sheet, the support layer sheet, and the first flame-retardant layer sheet in sequence from bottom to top. The second flame-retardant layer sheet, the support layer sheet, and the first flame-retardant layer sheet are all bonded together with hot melt fiber to obtain a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet.

7. The application of a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet as described in any one of claims 1-5, or a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet prepared by the preparation method of the high-temperature resistant flame-retardant rubber and plastic sheet as described in claim 6, in the field of flame-retardant materials.

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