Adjustable tooling suitable for large diameter duct section storage and transfer

Abstract

This invention pertains to tooling, specifically an adjustable tooling suitable for the storage and transport of large-diameter ventilation duct sections. The adjustable tooling comprises four main parts: an active telescopic frame, a passive telescopic frame, a ratchet and pawl mechanism, and a main frame. The active and passive telescopic frames are arranged vertically on the same horizontal plane, and their relative positions are fixed by the main frame, maintaining their perpendicularity at all times. The significant advantage of this invention is that it targets the storage and transport of large-diameter ventilation duct sections, characterized by their large size, thin walls, and, in some cases, lack of flanges at both ends. The support arms in this tooling are used during the lifting and transport of ventilation duct sections, and the pallet design conforms to the pipe opening, supporting the duct section during lifting and transport for ease of use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention pertains to tooling, specifically an adjustable tooling suitable for the storage and transfer of large-diameter ventilation duct sections. Background Technology

[0002] Ventilation ducts are metal or composite pipes used in ventilation and air conditioning systems of industrial and civil buildings. They are an infrastructure designed to facilitate air circulation and reduce the concentration of harmful gases. Ventilation ducts consist of ventilation pipe sections of varying specifications, ventilation valves, and fans, depending on actual needs. In the R project system installation project, in which China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC) No. 23 Engineering Co., Ltd. participated, the installation of ventilation ducts was a crucial construction activity. According to upstream design requirements, some ventilation system pipe sections were circular, with large diameters, low structural strength, poor material flexibility, and a high risk of deformation, posing significant challenges to construction. Ventilation pipe sections are typically prefabricated in a prefabrication workshop and then transported to the construction site for assembly and connection. Due to their large diameter and low structural strength, the ventilation pipe sections are prone to deformation during storage and transport after prefabrication, resulting in rework, extended construction periods, and increased costs. In previous installation processes, deformed ventilation pipe sections required returning to the prefabrication workshop for pipe end straightening and then being transported back to the construction site for assembly and welding, wasting project time and increasing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an adjustable tooling suitable for the storage and transportation of large-diameter ventilation pipe sections.

[0004] The present invention is implemented as follows: an adjustable tooling suitable for the storage and transfer of large-diameter ventilation pipe sections, comprising four main parts: an active telescopic frame, a passive telescopic frame, a ratchet and pawl mechanism, and a main frame; the active telescopic frame and the passive telescopic frame are arranged vertically on the same horizontal plane, and the relative positional relationship between the two is fixed by the main frame to always maintain their vertical relationship.

[0005] As described above, an adjustable fixture suitable for storing and transporting large-diameter ventilation duct sections comprises an active telescopic frame and a passive telescopic frame, mainly consisting of a gear and rack mechanism, a telescopic rod structure, and an arc-shaped top plate structure. The telescopic rod structure includes a support arm and a bracket arm. The telescopic frame is generally H-shaped, with a gear and rack mechanism in the middle. The rack is welded to the outer rod of the support arm. The support arm extends and retracts with the rack due to the meshing motion of the gear and rack. The inner rod of the support arm is connected to the upper and lower bracket arms. A connector links the outer rod of the bracket arm to the inner rod of the support arm. The top of the inner rod of the support arm is connected to the arc-shaped top plate structure, increasing the contact area between the fixture and the inner wall of the ventilation duct section while protecting the inner wall from scratches. The ratchet and gear in the ratchet and pawl mechanism rotate coaxially, causing the gear to rotate.

[0006] As described above, an adjustable tooling suitable for the storage and transfer of large-diameter ventilation pipe sections is provided. The gear and rack mechanism adopts a combination of "single gear and double rack", consisting of a spur gear, two spur racks, a bearing, and a rotating shaft. One gear meshes with two spur racks simultaneously, and the two racks always remain parallel. They are arranged in a "Z" shape with the spur gear. When the gear rotates, the gear and racks mesh, causing the two spur racks to extend and retract simultaneously.

[0007] As described above, an adjustable fixture suitable for storing and transporting large-diameter ventilation duct sections includes a ratchet and pawl mechanism that rotates coaxially with the gear. The mechanism consists of a ratchet, pawl, cam, rocker arm, ratchet mechanism housing, and spring. The ratchet is located at the front of the ratchet mechanism housing, with a cam positioned in the middle of the rear and two pawls on either side. In non-use mode, the two pawls, under the action of the springs, hold the ratchet teeth, preventing both clockwise and counter-clockwise rotation. In use, rotating the cam knob to the left forces the left pawl to rotate to the left, disengaging it from the ratchet teeth while the right pawl remains engaged. The ratchet then rotates counter-clockwise. Similarly, rotating the cam to the right rotates the ratchet clockwise. After the ratchet reaches the designated position, rotating the cam to the center position causes both pawls to spring back and hold the ratchet in place, preventing further rotation.

[0008] As described above, an adjustable tooling suitable for the storage and transfer of large-diameter ventilation duct sections is provided. The support arm is designed as a telescopic structure, utilizing the working principle of a large pipe enclosing a small pipe, allowing the small pipe to freely expand and contract under the constraint of the large pipe. The support arm consists of an outer rod, an inner rod, and limiting bolts. The inner and outer rods are made of square or rectangular tubing, with the inner diameter of the outer rod being larger than the outer diameter of the inner rod, allowing the outer rod to enclose the inner rod. The inner wall of the outer rod guides the inner rod. Limiting holes are provided on both the outer and inner rods. Before use, based on the actual telescopic range of the telescopic frame, the limiting bolts are used to create a relative length extension between the inner and outer rods, which are then fixed with bolts to maintain a fixed state during use. A rack is welded to the root of the outer rod, and the support arm moves synchronously with the rack during operation.

[0009] As described above, an adjustable fixture suitable for storing and transporting large-diameter ventilation duct sections includes a support arm with a structure consistent with a strut arm. The inner and outer rods are made of square or rectangular tubing, with the inner wall of the outer rod serving as a guide. The root of the outer rod is connected to the end of the inner rod of the strut arm via a square tubular sleeve. A tray structure is fixed to the end of the inner rod of the support arm using bolts. A "fishtail" shaped structure is provided at the tail of the outer rod, allowing the support arm to deflect at a small angle in the vertical direction. The support arm consists of an upper support arm and a lower support arm. The main function of the upper support arm is to hold the edge of the duct section and restrict its movement; the function of the lower support arm is to lift the duct section, bear its weight, and prevent it from falling off during transport.

[0010] As described above, an adjustable fixture suitable for the storage and transfer of large-diameter ventilation duct sections is provided, wherein the arc-shaped top plate is an external component of the strut arm, located at the top of the inner rod of the strut arm, and is welded from an arc-shaped steel plate and a section of square steel pipe, and is bolted to the end of the inner rod of the transverse strut arm, and the outer side of the arc-shaped steel plate is designed to be made of rubber.

[0011] As described above, an adjustable tooling suitable for the storage and transfer of large-diameter ventilation duct sections is provided, wherein the pallet component is an external hanging part of the inner rod of the support arm, which is spliced ​​together from plates of different sizes and shapes, and the overall design is a "J" shaped structure, with two slotted connection holes designed on the connecting plate.

[0012] As described above, an adjustable fixture suitable for the storage and transfer of large-diameter ventilation duct sections is provided. The main frame is constructed by splicing and welding 4 long rectangular steel pipes and 16 end rectangular steel pipes. The main frame is assembled according to the spatial arrangement of the active telescopic frame and the passive telescopic frame.

[0013] The significant advantage of this invention is that this fixture is designed for the storage and transport of large-diameter ventilation duct sections. These duct sections are characterized by their large size and thin walls, with some sections lacking flanges at both ends. The support arms in this fixture are used during the hoisting and transport of the ventilation duct sections. The pallet design fits snugly against the pipe opening, supporting the duct section during hoisting and transport, making it convenient to use. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 An adjustable large-diameter ventilation duct section storage and transfer fixture

[0015] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of gear and rack mechanism

[0016] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the ratchet and pawl mechanism.

[0017] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the combination of the strut arm and the support arm.

[0018] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of active telescopic frame structure

[0019] Figure 6 Rendering of ventilation duct section storage and transfer fixtures

[0020] Figure 7 Rendering of the ventilation duct section storage and transfer tooling

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Front active telescopic frame, 2. Left passive telescopic frame, 3. Ratchet and pawl mechanism, 4. Rear active telescopic frame, 5. Right passive telescopic frame, 6. Lower support arm outer rod, 7. Lower rack, 8. Spur gear, 9. Upper support arm outer rod, 10. Upper rack, 11. Mechanism box, 12. Left pawl, 13. Left spring, 14. Ratchet, 15. Rotating shaft, 16. Rocker arm, 17. Right spring, 18. Right pawl, 19. Cam, 20. Right ratchet positioning screw, 21. Left ratchet positioning screw, 22. Mechanism box cover fastening screw, 23. "J" type tray, 24. Adjustment bolt, 25. Support arm inner rod, 26. Support arm outer rod, 27. "Fishtail" shaped structure, 28. Arc-shaped top plate, 29. Square connecting sleeve, 30. Connecting bolt, 31. Support arm inner rod. Detailed Implementation

[0022] This adjustable large-diameter ventilation duct storage and transfer fixture mainly consists of four parts: an active telescopic frame, a passive telescopic frame, a ratchet and pawl mechanism, and a main frame. The active and passive telescopic frames are arranged vertically on the same horizontal plane, and their relative positions are fixed by the main frame, maintaining their perpendicularity at all times. The main structural components of the active and passive telescopic frames are: a gear and rack mechanism, a telescopic rod structure, and an arc-shaped top plate structure. The telescopic rod structure comprises a support arm and a bracket arm. The telescopic frame is generally H-shaped, with the gear and rack mechanism in the middle. The rack is welded to the outer rod of the support arm, and the support arm extends and retracts along with the rack due to the meshing motion of the gear and rack. The inner rod of the support arm connects to the upper and lower bracket arms, and the outer rod of the bracket arm is connected to the inner rod of the support arm through a specific connector. The top of the inner rod of the support arm connects to the arc-shaped top plate structure, which increases the contact area between the fixture and the inner wall of the ventilation duct section, while protecting the inner wall from scratches. In a ratchet and pawl mechanism, the ratchet and gear rotate coaxially. The rotation of the ratchet causes the gear to rotate. Due to the structural characteristics of the ratchet and pawl mechanism, the gear cannot rotate back without the action of external force. Therefore, the function of the ratchet and pawl mechanism is to prevent the gear from rotating back.

[0023] The gear and rack mechanism employs a "single gear, double rack" combination. It consists of a spur gear, two spur racks, a bearing, and a rotating shaft. One gear simultaneously meshes with both racks, which remain parallel and are arranged in a "Z" shape with the spur gear. When the gear rotates, it meshes with the racks, causing the two racks to extend and retract simultaneously. According to the design, the gear rotates coaxially with a ratchet, and the ratchet's rotation causes the gear to rotate accordingly. The racks are welded to the outer rod of the support arm, and the support arm moves with the racks.

[0024] The ratchet and pawl mechanism, rotating coaxially with the gear, consists of a ratchet, pawls, a cam, a rocker arm, a ratchet mechanism housing, and a spring. The ratchet is located at the front of the ratchet mechanism housing, with a cam positioned in the middle of the rear and two pawls on either side. In non-use mode, the two pawls, under the action of the springs, hold the ratchet teeth in place, preventing both clockwise and counter-clockwise rotation. In use, rotating the cam knob to the left forces the left pawl to rotate to the left, disengaging it from the ratchet teeth while the right pawl remains engaged, allowing the ratchet to rotate counter-clockwise. Similarly, rotating the cam to the right rotates the ratchet clockwise. Once the ratchet has reached the desired position, rotating the cam to the center position causes both pawls to spring back and hold the ratchet in place again, preventing further rotation. This ratchet and pawl mechanism effectively restricts ratchet rotation, preventing accidental retraction of the telescopic frame and providing protection.

[0025] The support arm is designed as a telescopic structure, utilizing the working principle of a larger tube enclosing a smaller tube, allowing the smaller tube to freely expand and contract under the constraint of the larger tube. The support arm consists of an outer rod, an inner rod, and limiting bolts. The inner and outer rods are made of square or rectangular tubing, with the inner diameter of the outer rod larger than the outer diameter of the inner rod, allowing the outer rod to fit inside the inner rod. The inner wall of the outer rod guides the inner rod. Limiting holes are provided on both the outer and inner rods. Before use, based on the actual telescopic range of the telescopic frame, the limiting bolts are used to create a relative length extension between the inner and outer rods, which is then fixed with bolts to maintain a fixed state during use. A rack is welded to the root of the outer rod; the support arm moves synchronously with the rack during operation to achieve the telescopic function of the support arm.

[0026] The support arm has the same structural form as the strut arm. The inner and outer rods are made of square or rectangular tubing, with the inner wall of the outer rod serving as a guide. The root of the outer rod is connected to the end of the inner rod of the strut arm via a square tubular sleeve. A tray structure is fixed to the end of the inner rod of the support arm using bolts. The tail of the outer rod of the support arm is designed with a "fishtail" shape, allowing the support arm to deflect at a small angle in the vertical direction. The support arm consists of an upper support arm and a lower support arm. The main function of the upper support arm is to hold the edge of the pipe segment, restricting its movement; the function of the lower support arm is to support the pipe segment, bear its weight, and prevent it from falling off during transport.

[0027] The arc-shaped top plate, an external component of the strut arm, is installed at the top of the inner rod of the strut arm. It is welded from an arc-shaped steel plate and a section of square steel pipe and is bolted to the end of the inner rod of the transverse strut arm. Its main function is to increase the contact area between the telescopic frame and the ventilation duct wall, protecting the duct wall from scratches. The outer side of the arc-shaped steel plate is designed with rubber material to increase the friction between the arc-shaped top plate and the ventilation duct wall.

[0028] The pallet component, an external attachment for the inner rod of the support arm, is assembled from panels of different sizes and shapes. Its overall design is a "J" shape, with two slotted connection holes on the connecting plate. These holes serve two purposes: firstly, to increase the stability of the pallet component, and secondly, to allow for a small adjustment of the distance between the pallet component and the inner rod of the support arm. Its main function is to support both ends of the pipe section and prevent slippage during hoisting.

[0029] The main frame is constructed by welding together four long rectangular steel pipes and sixteen end rectangular steel pipes. According to the spatial arrangement of the active and passive telescopic frames, the main frame is assembled according to the design drawings. The main frame serves two main functions: first, to fix the active and passive telescopic frames, maintaining their designed spatial arrangement and vertical position, while restricting their vertical movement; second, to serve as a lifting point for hoisting and handling. During hoisting, connecting slings and shackles to the main frame allows for easy and quick lifting of the equipment. For manual handling, long rods with external dimensions smaller than the inner diameter of the rectangular pipes of the main frame are passed through the rectangular pipes to assist in manual handling.

[0030] Here is a specific example.

[0031] Figure 1 The diagram shows the overall layout of a tooling system for storing and transferring adjustable large-diameter ventilation duct sections. Figure 1 In the diagram, 1 is the front active telescopic frame, 2 is the left passive telescopic frame, 3 is the ratchet and pawl mechanism, 4 is the rear active telescopic frame, and 5 is the right passive telescopic frame. Before use, install all components of the fixture according to the diagram, adjust the length of the telescopic rod, and fix it with screws inserted into the limiting holes. During use, place the fixture inside the pipe section, and rotate the shaft using the rocker arm in 3. Each telescopic frame extends outward synchronously. When the arc-shaped top plate on the telescopic frame is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the pipe section, the ratchet and pawl mechanism locks, preventing the gears from rotating and causing the telescopic frame to retract unexpectedly.

[0032] After use, rotate the cam knob on the ratchet and pawl mechanism to rotate the ratchet, causing the telescopic frame to retract. Depending on the actual situation, the extendable diameter of this fixture ranges from φ1600 to φ3200 mm, allowing for efficient and simultaneous lifting and handling operations during pipe section storage. Fixtures of different specifications and sizes can be manufactured based on the fixture structure of this design.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a gear and rack mechanism. Figure 2In the diagram, 6 is the outer rod of the lower support arm, 7 is the lower rack, 8 is the spur gear, 9 is the outer rod of the upper support arm, 10 is the upper rack, and 11 is the mechanism box. The lower rack 7 is welded to the outer rod 6 of the lower support arm, and the upper rack 10 is welded to the outer rod 9 of the upper support arm. The structural design of the mechanism box 11 is to fix the relative positional relationship of the gear, rack, or outer rod. The spur gear 8 meshes with both the lower rack 7 and the upper rack 10. The two racks remain parallel along the side wall of the mechanism box, and the spur gear 8, along with the lower rack 7 and the upper rack 10, are arranged in a "Z" shape. When the spur gear 8 rotates counterclockwise, the lower rack 7 moves to the right, and the upper rack 10 moves to the left, thereby causing the outer rod 6 of the lower support arm to move to the right and the outer rod 9 of the upper support arm to move to the left, achieving the purpose of extending the telescopic frame outward. Similarly, when the gear rotates clockwise, the telescopic frame retracts inward.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a ratchet and pawl mechanism. Figure 3 In the diagram, 11 is the mechanism box, 12 is the left pawl, 13 is the left spring, 14 is the ratchet, 15 is the pivot, 16 is the rocker arm, 17 is the right spring, 18 is the right pawl, 19 is the cam, 20 is the right ratchet positioning screw, 21 is the left ratchet positioning screw, and 22 is the mechanism box cover fastening screw (the cam knob and mechanism box cover are hidden to clearly show the internal structure of the ratchet and pawl mechanism). After machining each component according to the design, assemble them according to the structural diagram. Before use: The left pawl 12 and right pawl 18, under the action of the left spring and right spring 17, hold the teeth of the ratchet 14, thus preventing both clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the ratchet. In operation, rotating cam 19 to the left via the cam knob forces the left pawl 12 to deflect to the left, disengaging it from the teeth of ratchet 14. Meanwhile, the right pawl 18, under the action of the right spring 17, remains engaged with the teeth of ratchet 14, allowing ratchet 14 to rotate counter-clockwise via rocker arm 16. Once ratchet 14 reaches its designated position, rotating cam 19 to the center position causes the left pawl 12 to spring back and engage the teeth of ratchet 14, preventing it from rotating. Similarly, rotating cam 19 to the right via the cam knob forces the right pawl 18 to deflect to the right, disengaging it from the teeth of ratchet 14, allowing ratchet 14 to rotate clockwise via rocker arm 16. This ratchet and pawl mechanism effectively restricts ratchet rotation, preventing accidental retraction of the telescopic frame and providing protection. The ratchet and gear rotate coaxially; controlling the ratchet's rotation controls the gear's rotation.

[0035] Figure 4This diagram illustrates the connection between the inner rod of the strut arm and the support arm. 23 is a "J"-shaped pallet, used to lift the pipe section during hoisting and transport; 24 is an adjusting bolt, allowing adjustment of the pallet's extension distance; 25 is the inner rod of the support arm, and 26 is the outer rod, forming a telescopic structure; 27 is a "fishtail" shaped structure, enabling the support arm to deflect at a small angle; 28 is an arc-shaped top plate, with the side in contact with the pipe section wall designed with rubber for anti-slip purposes; 29 is a square connecting sleeve, and 30 is a connecting bolt, with the square connecting sleeve 29 connected to the support arm via the connecting bolt 30; 31 is the inner rod of the strut arm, forming a telescopic structure with the outer rod.

[0036] Assemble according to the design and drawings. After the outer rod of the support arm and the inner rod 31 of the support arm are engaged, the support arm moves accordingly through the meshing motion of the gear and rack. Both the outer rod and the inner rod 31 of the support arm are designed with limit holes, and the length of the support arm is increased by extending the inner rod. After the arc-shaped top plate 28 is in contact with the wall of the ventilation duct section, adjust the relative length of the inner rod 25 and the outer rod 26 of the support arm, fix them with limit bolts, and then adjust the swing angle of the support arm so that the edge of the duct section falls completely into the "J"-shaped tray 23. Finally, fix the duct section with the adjusting bolts 24. The operation of the upper support arm and the lower support arm is the same. The main function of the tray on the upper support arm is to cooperate with the "J"-shaped tray 23 of the lower support arm to fix the ventilation duct section.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the active telescopic frame structure. In the diagram, 3 represents the ratchet and pawl mechanism, 23 is the "J"-shaped tray, 28 is the arc-shaped top plate, 31 is the support arm, 28 is the arc-shaped top plate, and 32 is the strut arm. Assemble the active telescopic frame according to the design and diagram. The ratchet and pawl mechanism 3 achieves coaxial rotation through an internal rotating shaft and gear and rack mechanism. By rotating the rocker arm on the ratchet and pawl mechanism, the ratchet and gear rotate, causing the left and right parts of the telescopic frame to extend and retract synchronously. The structural feature of the ratchet and pawl mechanism 3 prevents the gears from rotating backward when rotating in the same direction, ensuring safety during use. The active and passive telescopic frames are connected by a rotating shaft, allowing the passive and active telescopic frames to move synchronously.

[0038] Figure 6 This is an isometric drawing illustrating the effect of using the tooling of this invention. Figure 7 To achieve the desired effect from above, after the curved top plate on the telescopic frame is pressed against the pipe wall, the pipe section is secured with eight pallet pieces (top and bottom). The main frame of the fixture serves as the lifting point for hoisting and transport. Hoisting operations can then be carried out by connecting the fixture to the main frame using slings and slings.

[0039] The advantages of this invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects: This tooling is designed for the storage and transportation of large-diameter ventilation duct sections. The two main characteristics of such ventilation duct sections are their large size and thin walls, with some sections lacking flanges at both ends. Therefore, during storage and transportation, the duct sections typically undergo elliptical deformation. Based on the structural characteristics of this tooling, the duct section is structurally reinforced from the inside, creating a filling effect. When the ventilation duct section is subjected to external forces or its own weight, the internal support prevents deformation. The support arms in this tooling are used during the hoisting and transportation of ventilation duct sections. The pallet design fits snugly against the pipe opening, lifting the duct section during hoisting and transportation for ease of use.

[0040] Specifically, it includes the following characteristics:

[0041] Adjustability

[0042] 1) Dynamic adjustment. The tooling of this invention adopts a gear and rack motion mechanism design. The gear meshes with the double rack, and the rack is in contact with the support arm. Rotating the gear can make the four support arms move back and forth synchronously. When the tooling is in use, the arc-shaped top plate on the support arm is in close contact with the ventilation pipe wall, and the internal space structure of the ventilation pipe section is strengthened and is not easily affected by external forces.

[0043] 2) Fixing and Adjustment. In this invention, both the support arm and the bracket arm are telescopic structures. By adjusting the relative positions of the limiting holes of the inner rod and the outer rod, and fixing them with limiting bolts, the telescopic frame can achieve the purpose of fixing and adjustment.

[0044] 3) Small angle adjustment. The "fish tail" shaped structure designed at the base of the outer rod of the support arm allows for small-angle deflection on the vertical plane with the connecting bolt as the axis, facilitating a closer fit between the tray structure at the end of the inner rod of the support arm and the clamping pipe section.

[0045] versatility

[0046] 1) Pipe section deformation prevention. This fixture has four symmetrically distributed support arms that extend outwards from the inside of the pipe section until they abut against the pipe section wall. A ratchet and pawl mechanism locks the gears to prevent rotation, strengthening the internal structure of the pipe section, increasing support, and making the pipe section less prone to deformation under external forces. The horizontal support arms and vertical bracket arms of this fixture are designed with telescopic structures, which can be used for duct sections of different diameters and lengths. Before use, set the extension length of the inner rod according to the telescopic range, and then fix it with screws.

[0047] 2) Transfer and hoisting. This fixture features a "J"-shaped pallet on the support arm. During hoisting, the pallet on the lower support arm supports the lower edge of the pipe section, while the pallet on the upper support arm inverts to hold the upper edge of the pipe section. This design prevents the pipe section from shifting during transport. The ventilation duct section is then hoisted by securing the telescopic frame with slings.

[0048] 3) Manual handling. The ventilation duct section is a thin, ring-shaped object with a smooth surface. When handled manually, there is no point of leverage, which is not conducive to handling. After adopting this tooling, the overall structure of the ventilation duct section is strengthened, and the main frame is used as the point of leverage, which facilitates manual handling.

[0049] 4) Convenient storage. After the tooling is used, the internal structure of the pipe section is strengthened and can withstand external pressure. When storing products, it can be placed horizontally and the pipe sections can be stacked, which greatly reduces the floor space occupied by the temporary storage area.

[0050] Substitutability

[0051] The curved top plate and pallet components designed in this fixture are replaceable parts, designed for circular pipe sections. If the curved top plate is modified to a flat top plate, and the curved groove on the pallet component is modified to a straight groove, large square pipe sections can be lifted. If the coaxial rotation structure of the active and passive telescopic frames is eliminated, and a ratchet and pawl control device is added to the passive telescopic frame, allowing independent control of the extension length of the active and passive telescopic frames, it can be used for the storage and lifting of rectangular pipe sections.

[0052] Security

[0053] This fixture uses a ratchet and pawl mechanism as a protective device. The ratchet and gear are organically combined and can rotate synchronously. During operation, controlling the rotation of the ratchet controls the rotation of the gear. The pawl, under the action of a spring, holds the ratchet teeth, ensuring that the ratchet and pawl mechanism cannot rotate without external interference. Rotating the cam via the cam rotation button controls the working state of the pawl, effectively preventing accidental gear rotation.

Claims

1. An adjustable tooling suitable for the storage and transfer of large-diameter ventilation duct sections, characterized in that: It consists of four main parts: active telescopic frame, passive telescopic frame, ratchet and pawl mechanism, and main frame. The active telescopic frame and the passive telescopic frame are arranged vertically on the same horizontal plane, and their relative positions are fixed by the main frame to always maintain their vertical relationship. The structures of the active and passive telescopic frames include: a gear and rack mechanism, a telescopic rod structure, and an arc-shaped top plate structure. The telescopic rod structure consists of a support arm and a bracket arm. The telescopic frame is generally H-shaped, with the gear and rack mechanism in the middle. The rack is welded to the outer rod of the support arm. The support arm extends and retracts with the rack due to the meshing motion of the gear and rack. The inner rod of the support arm connects to the upper and lower bracket arms. A connector links the outer rod of the bracket arm to the inner rod of the support arm. The top of the inner rod of the support arm connects to the arc-shaped top plate structure, increasing the contact area between the tooling and the inner wall of the ventilation duct section, while protecting the inner wall from scratches. In the ratchet and pawl mechanism, the ratchet rotates coaxially with the gear, causing the gear to rotate through the rotation of the ratchet.

2. The adjustable tooling for storing and transporting large-diameter ventilation duct sections as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The gear and rack mechanism adopts a "single gear and double rack" combination, consisting of a spur gear, two spur racks, a bearing, and a rotating shaft. One gear meshes with two spur racks simultaneously, and the two racks always remain parallel. They are arranged in a "Z" shape with the spur gear. When the gear rotates, the gear and racks mesh, causing the two spur racks to extend and retract simultaneously.

3. The adjustable fixture for storing and transporting large-diameter ventilation duct sections as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The ratchet and pawl mechanism, which rotates coaxially with the gear, consists of a ratchet, pawl, cam, rocker arm, ratchet mechanism housing, and spring. The ratchet is located at the front of the ratchet mechanism housing, with a cam in the middle of the rear and two pawls on either side. When not in use, the two pawls, under the action of the spring, hold the ratchet teeth, preventing both clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the ratchet. In use, rotating the cam knob to the left causes the left pawl to rotate to the left, disengaging it from the ratchet teeth while the right pawl still holds them, allowing the ratchet to rotate counterclockwise. Similarly, rotating the cam to the right rotates the ratchet clockwise. After the ratchet reaches the designated position, rotating the cam to the center position causes both pawls to spring back and hold the ratchet in place again, preventing it from rotating.

4. The adjustable tooling for storing and transporting large-diameter ventilation duct sections as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The support arm is designed as a telescopic structure, utilizing the working principle of a large tube enclosing a small tube, allowing the small tube to freely expand and contract under the constraint of the large tube. The support arm consists of an outer rod, an inner rod, and limiting bolts. The inner and outer rods are made of square or rectangular tubing, with the inner diameter of the outer rod being larger than the outer diameter of the inner rod, so that the outer rod fits inside the inner rod. The inner wall of the outer rod guides the inner rod. Limiting holes are provided on both the outer and inner rods. Before use, according to the actual telescopic range of the telescopic frame, the limiting bolts are used to create a relative length extension between the inner and outer rods, which are then fixed with bolts to keep the outer and inner rods in a fixed state during use. A rack is welded to the root of the outer rod, and the support arm moves synchronously with the rack during operation.

5. The adjustable tooling for storing and transporting large-diameter ventilation duct sections as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The support arm has the same structural form as the strut arm. The inner and outer rods are made of square or rectangular tubing. The inner wall of the outer rod serves as a guide for the inner rod. The root of the outer rod of the support arm is connected to the end of the inner rod of the strut arm through a square tubular sleeve. A tray structure is fixed to the end of the inner rod of the support arm using bolts. The tail of the outer rod of the support arm has a "fishtail" shaped structure, which allows the support arm to deflect at a small angle in the vertical direction. The support arm is divided into an upper support arm and a lower support arm. The function of the upper support arm is to hold the edge of the pipe section and restrict the movement of the pipe section. The function of the lower support arm is to support the pipe section, bear the weight of the pipe section, and prevent the pipe section from falling off during the transfer of the pipe section.

6. The adjustable tooling for storing and transporting large-diameter ventilation duct sections as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The arc-shaped top plate is an external component of the strut arm, located at the top of the inner rod of the strut arm. It is welded from an arc-shaped steel plate and a section of square steel pipe and is bolted to the end of the inner rod of the horizontal strut arm. The outer side of the arc-shaped steel plate is designed to be made of rubber.

7. The adjustable tooling for storing and transporting large-diameter ventilation duct sections as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The tray structure is an external component of the inner rod of the support arm, which is spliced ​​together from plates of different sizes and shapes. The overall design is a "J" shaped structure, and the connecting plate is designed with two slotted connection holes.

8. The adjustable tooling for storing and transporting large-diameter ventilation duct sections as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The main frame is constructed by splicing and welding together 4 long rectangular steel pipes and 16 end rectangular steel pipes. The main frame is assembled according to the spatial arrangement of the active telescopic frame and the passive telescopic frame.

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