A cascade cabin fire-fighting energy storage system and control method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of compartment fire-fighting energy storage systems and control method for echelon. It includes battery cabin and control cabin, the battery cabin is equipped with a plurality of echelon battery package, a plurality of temperature detection equipment, a plurality of jacking and piercing structure and first fire-fighting pipeline, the jacking and piercing structure is in contact with echelon battery package surface, when fire-fighting control system controls jacking and piercing structure to pierce echelon battery package shell, first fire-fighting pipeline is communicated with echelon battery package inside;The control cabin is equipped with fire-fighting equipment, fire-fighting control system and battery control system, the fire-fighting control system is used to judge whether control fire-fighting equipment starts to carry out fire fighting according to the temperature of echelon battery package;The battery control system is used to control a plurality of echelon battery package work.The application sets fire-fighting equipment, jacking and piercing structure, fire-fighting control system and other equipment in echelon battery energy storage system, can effectively prevent battery thermal runaway by the cooperation of each equipment, control fire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy technology, specifically relating to a cascade-use cabin fire-fighting energy storage system and control method. Background Technology

[0002] Existing industrial and commercial energy storage fire protection systems all consider battery clusters composed of new cells. Fire detection and monitoring at the battery cluster level are generally achieved by detectors inside the battery cluster. Simultaneously, battery cluster-level fire protection can respond quickly to individual battery clusters, providing timely monitoring and good fire response, resulting in significant effectiveness. However, the above solutions are only suitable for battery clusters composed of new cells. For power battery packs used in a tiered manner, the following difficulties exist:

[0003] Challenge 1: When using a whole power battery pack for secondary applications, the battery pack is not disassembled during use, and a detector cannot be built into the battery pack.

[0004] Challenge 2: When the entire power battery pack experiences thermal runaway during secondary use, it is impossible to spray the extinguishing agent into the IP67-sealed pack to achieve targeted spraying.

[0005] Challenge 3: The national standards for power batteries are stringent. If thermal runaway occurs within 5 minutes, there is no open flame and little smoke, making it impossible to carry out effective targeted injection. After 5 minutes, thermal runaway may become uncontrollable. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the aforementioned background technology and provide a tiered cabin fire-fighting energy storage system and control method.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a cascaded fire-fighting energy storage system and control method, comprising a battery compartment and a control compartment.

[0008] The battery compartment is equipped with several tiered battery packs, several temperature detection devices, several lifting and piercing structures, and a first fire-fighting pipe. The temperature detection devices detect the temperature of several tiered battery packs respectively. The lifting and piercing structures are in contact with the surface of the tiered battery packs. The control end of the lifting and piercing structures is connected to the control end of the fire control system. When the fire control system controls the lifting and piercing structures to pierce the outer shell of the tiered battery packs, the first fire-fighting pipe is connected to the inside of the tiered battery packs.

[0009] The control cabin is equipped with fire-fighting equipment, a fire control system, and a battery control system. The fire-fighting equipment is connected to the first fire-fighting pipe through a second fire-fighting pipe. The fire control system is used to determine whether to activate the fire-fighting equipment for fire-fighting based on the temperature of the entire battery pack. The battery control system is used to control the operation of several battery packs.

[0010] Furthermore, the fire-fighting equipment includes a first device, a second device, and a third device. A first valve, a second valve, and a third valve are respectively installed on the second fire-fighting pipeline connected to the first device, the second device, and the third device. The control terminal of the fire control system is connected to the control terminals of the first valve, the second valve, and the third valve respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the lifting and piercing structure includes a connecting pipe, a driving device, and a piercing tube. One end of the connecting pipe is in contact with the outer shell of the secondary battery pack, and the connecting pipe is connected to the first fire-fighting pipe. One end of the piercing tube passes through the connecting pipe and the other end is located inside the connecting pipe. The other end of the piercing tube is connected to the driving device. When the driving device is working, it drives the piercing tube to advance inside the connecting pipe and pierce the outer shell of the secondary battery pack. The first fire-fighting pipe is connected to the inside of the secondary battery pack through the connecting pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the battery compartment is provided with several partitions, and the several tiered battery packs are respectively arranged in the several partitions.

[0013] Furthermore, a battery tray is provided inside the partition, and the entire package of cascaded batteries is placed on the battery tray, with a fireproof and heat-insulating coating on the bottom of the tray.

[0014] A control method for a tiered battery compartment fire-fighting energy storage system as described above, wherein the temperature of the entire tiered battery pack is monitored in real time.

[0015] When the temperature of the entire battery pack meets the first set condition, control the lifting and piercing structure to pierce the outer shell of the entire battery pack; at the same time, control the fire-fighting equipment to start the first-level fire-fighting operation.

[0016] After the first-level fire suppression is completed, if the temperature of the entire battery pack continues to rise after the second set time and the rate of rise is greater than the second set rate, then the fire suppression equipment will be activated to initiate the second-level fire suppression.

[0017] After the secondary fire suppression is completed, if the temperature of the entire battery pack continues to rise after the third set time and the rate of rise is greater than the third set rate, then the fire suppression equipment will be activated to initiate the tertiary fire suppression.

[0018] Furthermore, the first set conditions include: the temperature of the entire battery pack is greater than a set temperature, the rate of temperature rise of the entire battery pack is greater than a first set rate, and the duration is greater than a first set time.

[0019] Furthermore, the first-level fire protection involves opening the first valve of the fire-fighting equipment while keeping the second and third valves closed. The first equipment sprays extinguishing agent through the second fire-fighting pipeline and the first fire-fighting pipeline to reach the entire battery pack for fire extinguishing and cooling.

[0020] Furthermore, the secondary fire protection system controls the opening of the second valve of the fire protection equipment while keeping the first and third valves closed. The second equipment sprays fire-fighting liquid through the second fire-fighting pipeline and the first fire-fighting pipeline to reach the entire battery pack for fire extinguishing and cooling.

[0021] Furthermore, the three-level fire protection system involves opening the third valve of the fire-fighting equipment while keeping the first and second valves closed. The third equipment sprays fire-fighting water through the second and first fire-fighting pipelines to reach the entire battery pack for fire extinguishing and cooling.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0023] This invention incorporates fire-fighting equipment, a jacking and puncturing structure, and a fire control system into a tiered battery energy storage system. Through the cooperation of these devices, thermal runaway of the battery can be effectively prevented, thus improving safety.

[0024] This invention features a lifting and puncturing structure on the surface of each battery pack. When a corresponding battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the lifting mechanism activates, and a hard alloy steel pipe is ejected by a hydraulic cylinder to puncture the battery cover. Perfluorohexanone is then injected into the battery pack through the pipe's internal conduit, achieving fire suppression at the battery pack cluster level. Since the battery pack is only damaged by the lifting mechanism after thermal runaway occurs, it does not require damage during use and does not affect other applications of the battery pack.

[0025] The fire-fighting equipment of this invention comprises multiple components, and a three-level fire protection system is designed through these multiple fire-fighting devices. Different levels of fire protection are used in different situations, which avoids the spread of thermal runaway and reduces property damage caused by thermal runaway.

[0026] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the layout (fire control) of the energy storage system equipment according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting and piercing structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the energy storage system equipment layout (battery control) of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the flow of energy and information in the energy storage system of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these descriptions are for the purpose of aiding understanding the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a cascade-use compartment fire-fighting energy storage system, including a battery compartment and a control compartment.

[0033] The battery compartment is equipped with several tiered battery packs, several temperature detection devices, several lifting and piercing structures, and a first fire-fighting pipe. The temperature detection devices detect the temperature of several tiered battery packs respectively. The lifting and piercing structures are in contact with the outer shell of the tiered battery packs. The control end of the lifting and piercing structures is connected to the control end of the fire control system. When the fire control system controls the lifting and piercing structures to pierce the outer shell of the tiered battery packs, the first fire-fighting pipe is connected to the interior of the corresponding tiered battery pack.

[0034] The control cabin is equipped with fire-fighting equipment, a fire control system, and a battery control system. The fire-fighting equipment is connected to the first fire-fighting pipe through a second fire-fighting pipe. The fire control system is used to determine whether to activate the fire-fighting equipment for fire-fighting based on the temperature of the entire battery pack. The specific fire-fighting process will be described in the control method section below. The battery control system is used to control the operation of several battery packs.

[0035] This invention incorporates fire-fighting equipment, a lifting and puncturing structure, and a fire control system into the cascaded battery energy storage system. Additionally, a fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating is applied to the entire surface of the cascaded battery pack. Through the coordinated use of these devices, thermal runaway of the battery can be effectively prevented, thus improving safety.

[0036] It should be noted that the temperature detection device is a temperature sensor, which is installed in close contact with the entire battery pack. To ensure system safety and facilitate maintenance, two compartments are set up in the control cabin. The fire-fighting equipment and fire control system are located in one compartment, and the battery control system is located in the other compartment. The control cabin 3 and battery cabin 2 are both integrated into a container 1, which is placed on the ground 19. For ease of structural layout, the battery cabin 2 has several compartments, which are stacked vertically. The several battery packs 4 are respectively placed in the compartments. Battery trays 20 are arranged in the compartments, and the battery packs are placed on the battery trays 20. The bottom of the battery tray (i.e., the surface in contact with the battery packs) is coated with a fireproof and heat-insulating coating. The material is silica aerogel adhesive, which can withstand temperatures up to 1000℃ and prevents heat conduction between the upper and lower battery layers, thus preventing heat spread between the upper and lower battery layers.

[0037] It is understood that the fire-fighting equipment includes a first device 11, a second device 12 and a third device 13. A first valve 7, a second valve 8 and a third valve 9 are respectively provided on the second fire-fighting pipeline 6 that is connected to the first device 10, the second device 11 and the third device 12. The control terminal of the fire control system 10 is connected to the control terminal of the first valve 7, the second valve 8 and the third valve 9 respectively.

[0038] It should be noted that the first device 11 is a storage tank containing a fire extinguishing agent, which is heptafluoropropane; the second device 12 is a storage tank containing a fire-fighting liquid, which is a mixture of water and ethylene glycol; and the third device 13 is a fire-fighting tank connected to an external fire hydrant 14 via an external fire-fighting pipeline 18.

[0039] In the above scheme, such as Figure 2 As shown, the lifting and piercing structure includes a connecting pipe 17, a driving device 16, and a piercing tube 15. The piercing tube 15 is a hard alloy steel pipe. The driving device 16 is a hydraulic drive device, which consists of a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic cylinder, a control valve, and auxiliary equipment. One end of the connecting pipe 17 is in contact with the outer shell of the secondary battery pack 4. The connecting pipe 17 is connected to the first fire-fighting pipe 5. One end of the piercing tube 15 passes through the connecting pipe 17, and the other end is located inside the connecting pipe. The other end of the piercing tube 15 is connected to the driving device 16. When the driving device 16 is working, it drives the piercing tube 15 to advance a certain distance inside the connecting pipe 17 to pierce the outer shell of the secondary battery pack 4. The first fire-fighting pipe 5 is connected to the inside of the secondary battery pack 4 through the connecting pipe 17. This invention features a lifting and puncturing structure on the surface of each battery pack. When a corresponding battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the lifting mechanism activates, and a hard alloy steel pipe is ejected by a cylinder to puncture the battery cover. Perfluorohexanone is then injected into the battery pack through the pipe's internal conduit, achieving fire suppression at the battery pack cluster level. Since the battery pack is only damaged by the lifting mechanism after thermal runaway occurs, no damage is required during use, and it does not affect other applications of the battery pack.

[0040] It is understandable that, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the battery control system includes an energy management unit (EMS), a power storage converter (PCS), and several DC / DC modules. The cascaded battery pack 4 includes a power battery and a battery management unit (BMS). Several power batteries are connected to several DC / DC modules, and the DC / DC modules are connected to the power storage converter via a DC bus. The power batteries are connected to the power grid and the load through the DC / DC modules and the power storage converter. The power batteries supply power to the load sequentially through the DC / DC modules and the power storage converter, and the power grid charges the power batteries sequentially through the power storage converter and the DC / DC modules. The battery management unit (EMS) obtains the parameter information of the power batteries and sends it to the energy management unit (BMS). The energy management unit obtains the parameter information of the power batteries, the operating parameters of the power storage converter, and the operating parameters of the DC / DC modules, and performs energy management on the power batteries based on the obtained parameters.

[0041] This invention utilizes the aforementioned battery control system, enabling the energy storage system to operate with energy storage cabinets using cascaded battery packs, compatible with different models and specifications, including those with inconsistent voltages, signals, and protocols, greatly saving labor costs and dismantling expenses.

[0042] It should be noted that this invention utilizes existing vehicle chassis batteries as the entire battery pack for secondary applications. The chassis battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery system with a single pack capacity of 43.2 kWh, suitable for whole-pack application. The existing BMS built into the secondary battery pack manages various aspects of the battery, including battery status monitoring, protection, balancing, charging, communication, and data management. To ensure signal and protocol consistency with the EMS, each secondary battery pack is equipped with a data conversion module. This module selects the Vehicle Chassis Conversion Protocol (PMS) to achieve data conversion and interface between the battery management unit, DC / DC module, and energy management unit. All PMSs are connected to the EMS for unified management, enabling precise control of individual battery cells.

[0043] It is understandable that the energy topology of the above energy storage system is implemented using a two-level structure of DC / DC modules and energy storage converter PCS (DC / AC).

[0044] The aforementioned power battery has a voltage range of 250V-365V and a rated voltage of 320V. It is boosted to 640V via a DC / DC module to meet the PCS input voltage range. The PCS's DC / AC module outputs 380V, 50Hz AC power to meet grid connection requirements, enabling discharge. The DC / DC module can accept input voltages from 100V to 800V, making it compatible with most currently retired battery modules, thus offering wide compatibility.

[0045] Meanwhile, both the aforementioned PCS and DC / DC module are bidirectional modules. When the power battery needs charging, the PCS converts the 380V AC power from the grid to 640V DC power, which is then converted by the DC / DC module into the 365V DC power required by the power battery to charge it. The DC / DC module's output voltage range is 100-800V, which is compatible with the charging needs of most currently retired battery modules, demonstrating a wide range of compatibility.

[0046] It is understood that the topology of this invention uses a new energy vehicle chassis battery as a cascaded battery pack, and the cascaded battery pack is equipped with a high-voltage interface 20, a voltage interface 21, and a CAN interface (not shown in the figure). Without disassembly, the high and low voltages are transmitted to the DC / DC module and PMS respectively through connectors via the high and low voltage interfaces; at the same time, a 12V power supply is provided to the BMS through the power module. Since the existing high and low voltage interfaces of the battery and the BMS management system are utilized, disassembly is not required, reducing the cost of cascaded utilization of power batteries.

[0047] It should be noted that the aforementioned EMS realizes protection, monitoring, and control within the energy storage power supply system, connects to the user's online monitoring, and receives information from the Battery Management System (BMS) to achieve charging, discharging, and load control functions within the energy storage system. This invention transmits each CAN signal from the power battery to the corresponding PMS via the CAN interface. The PMS converts the signal to a 485 signal for communication with the EMS, enabling signal output and input, thus meeting the monitoring and control requirements.

[0048] The present invention also provides a control method for the above-mentioned tiered cabin fire-fighting energy storage system, the process of which is as follows:

[0049] Temperature detection equipment monitors the temperature of the entire battery pack in real time and sends the data to the fire control system, which then determines the real-time temperature of the entire battery pack.

[0050] When the temperature of the entire battery pack meets the first set condition, the lifting and piercing structure is controlled to pierce the outer shell of the entire battery pack; at the same time, the fire-fighting equipment is activated to carry out the first-level fire-fighting; the first-level fire-fighting is to control the first valve of the fire-fighting equipment 7 to open, keep the second valve 8 and the third valve 9 closed, and the first equipment 11 sprays the extinguishing agent through the second fire-fighting pipe 6 and the first fire-fighting pipe 5 to reach the entire battery pack 4 for fire extinguishing and cooling.

[0051] After the first-level fire suppression ends, if the temperature of the entire battery pack continues to rise after a second set time and the rate of rise is greater than the second set rate, the fire suppression equipment will be activated to initiate the second-level fire suppression. The second-level fire suppression involves opening the second valve 8 of the fire suppression equipment while keeping the first valve 7 and the third valve 9 closed. The second equipment 12 sprays fire extinguishing liquid through the second fire extinguishing pipe 6 and the first fire extinguishing pipe 5 to reach the entire battery pack 4 for fire suppression and cooling.

[0052] After the secondary fire suppression is completed, if the temperature of the entire battery pack continues to rise after the third set time and the rate of rise is greater than the third set rate, the fire suppression equipment will be activated to carry out the tertiary fire suppression. The tertiary fire suppression involves opening the third valve 9 of the fire suppression equipment, keeping the first valve 7 and the second valve 8 closed, opening the fire hydrant 14, and the third equipment 13 spraying fire water through the second fire pipe 6 and the first fire pipe 5 to reach the entire battery pack for fire suppression and cooling.

[0053] It should be noted that the first set conditions include: the temperature of the entire battery pack is greater than the set temperature, the temperature rise rate (temperature increase) of the entire battery pack is greater than the first set rate, and the duration is greater than the first set time. Among them, the first set time, the second set time, the third set time, the first set rate, the second set rate, and the third set rate are all calibrated according to actual needs.

[0054] In some embodiments, after thermal runaway occurs, the following three-level fire suppression is implemented based on the highest temperature of the entire battery pack:

[0055] 1. Level 1 fire protection: When the highest temperature of the entire battery pack is >60℃ and the temperature rise is >2℃ / min, and the temperature does not disappear after repeated confirmation within 2 seconds, it is determined that thermal runaway has occurred. At this time, the first valve 7 is opened, the second valve 8 and the third valve 9 are closed, and the drive device 16 is started at the same time. The piercing pipe 15 is controlled to advance 4mm to pierce the outer shell of the entire battery pack 4. The first device 11 sprays the fire extinguishing agent heptafluoropropane.

[0056] 2. Level II fire protection: After 5 minutes, the temperature of the entire battery pack continues to rise, with a temperature rise of >1℃ / min. Close the first valve 7 and the third valve 9, open the second valve 8, and the second device 12 sprays fire-fighting fluid (a mixture of water and ethylene glycol) to submerge the battery cluster.

[0057] 3. Level III fire protection: After 30 minutes, if the temperature of the entire battery pack continues to rise, with a temperature rise of >1℃ / min, close the first valve 7 and the second valve 8, open the third valve 9, and open the external fire hydrant 14 to submerge the battery compartment. At this time, due to the effect of the high-temperature gas in the compartment, the ice in the fire pipe has been eliminated, and the fire water can be used effectively. If the fire water continues to freeze, it can be connected to the fire truck's fire water supply.

[0058] It should be noted that when thermal runaway occurs, this invention can prevent the spread of thermal runaway through three-level fire protection, effectively reducing the property damage caused by thermal runaway.

[0059] Level 1 Firefighting: In the event of thermal runaway in a single battery pack, the lifting and piercing structure will be activated. A hard alloy steel pipe, ejected by a hydraulic cylinder, will pierce the outer shell of the entire battery pack. Perfluorohexanone will then be injected into the entire battery pack through connecting pipes, achieving fire suppression at the battery pack cluster level. Since the lifting and piercing structure is only used to destroy the entire battery pack after thermal runaway has occurred, no damage is required during normal use, and it does not affect other applications of the battery pack.

[0060] Level 2 fire suppression: Immersion antifreeze, which is a mixture of 55% ethylene glycol and 45% water, with a freezing point of -40°C. In most energy storage scenarios, it is difficult to freeze in winter. After thermal runaway occurs, if the battery temperature continues to rise after Level 1 fire suppression, Level 2 fire suppression is activated. Using the existing pipelines, antifreeze is poured into the failed battery pack to quickly reduce the temperature of the thermal runaway battery and control the runaway cells.

[0061] Level 3 fire protection: After thermal runaway occurs and Level 1 and Level 2 fire protection have been activated, if the fire is still not under effective control after the on-site personnel arrive, Level 3 fire protection is activated to pour fire water into all battery packs to control the spread of the fire.

[0062] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Contents not described in detail in this specification belong to prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A tiered cabin fire-fighting energy storage system, characterized in that: Including the battery compartment and control compartment, The battery compartment is equipped with several tiered battery packs, several temperature detection devices, several lifting and piercing structures, and a first fire-fighting pipe. The temperature detection devices detect the temperature of several tiered battery packs respectively. The lifting and piercing structures are in contact with the outer shell of the tiered battery packs. The control end of the lifting and piercing structures is connected to the control end of the fire control system. When the corresponding tiered battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the fire control system controls the lifting and piercing structures to pierce the outer shell of the tiered battery pack. The first fire-fighting pipe is connected to the inside of the tiered battery pack. The control cabin is equipped with fire-fighting equipment, a fire control system, and a battery control system. The fire-fighting equipment is connected to the first fire-fighting pipe through a second fire-fighting pipe. The fire control system is used to determine whether to activate the fire-fighting equipment for fire-fighting based on the temperature of the entire battery pack. The battery control system is used to control the operation of several battery packs. The lifting and piercing structure includes a connecting pipe, a driving device, and a piercing tube. One end of the connecting pipe is in contact with the outer shell of the secondary battery pack, and the connecting pipe is connected to the first fire protection pipe. One end of the piercing tube passes through the connecting pipe and the other end is located inside the connecting pipe. The other end of the piercing tube is connected to the driving device. When the driving device is working, it drives the piercing tube to advance inside the connecting pipe and pierce the outer shell of the secondary battery pack. The first fire protection pipe is connected to the inside of the secondary battery pack through the connecting pipe.

2. The tiered cabin fire-fighting energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire-fighting equipment includes a first device, a second device, and a third device. A first valve, a second valve, and a third valve are respectively installed on the second fire-fighting pipeline connected to the first device, the second device, and the third device. The control terminal of the fire control system is connected to the control terminals of the first valve, the second valve, and the third valve respectively.

3. The tiered cabin fire-fighting energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery compartment is provided with several partitions, and the several tiered battery packs are respectively arranged in the several partitions.

4. The tiered cabin fire-fighting energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The compartment contains a battery tray, on which the entire package of batteries is placed. The bottom of the tray is coated with a fire-retardant and heat-insulating coating.

5. A control method for a tiered fire-fighting energy storage system for cabins as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Real-time monitoring of the temperature of the entire battery pack. When the temperature of the entire battery pack meets the first set condition, control the lifting and piercing structure to pierce the outer shell of the entire battery pack; at the same time, control the fire-fighting equipment to start the first-level fire-fighting operation. After the first-level fire suppression is completed, if the temperature of the entire battery pack continues to rise after the second set time and the rate of rise is greater than the second set rate, then the fire suppression equipment will be activated to initiate the second-level fire suppression. After the secondary fire suppression is completed, if the temperature of the entire battery pack continues to rise after the third set time and the rate of rise is greater than the third set rate, then the fire suppression equipment will be activated to initiate the tertiary fire suppression.

6. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first set conditions include: the temperature of the entire battery pack is greater than the set temperature, the rate of temperature rise of the entire battery pack is greater than the first set rate, and the duration is greater than the first set time.

7. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first-level fire protection system controls the opening of the first valve of the fire-fighting equipment, while keeping the second and third valves closed. The first equipment sprays extinguishing agent through the second fire-fighting pipeline and the first fire-fighting pipeline to reach the entire battery pack for fire extinguishing and cooling.

8. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The secondary fire protection system controls the opening of the second valve of the fire protection equipment while keeping the first and third valves closed. The second equipment sprays fire-fighting liquid through the second fire-fighting pipeline and the first fire-fighting pipeline to reach the entire battery pack for fire extinguishing and cooling.

9. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The three-level fire protection system controls the opening of the third valve of the fire protection equipment while keeping the first and second valves closed. The third equipment sprays fire water through the second and first fire protection pipes to reach the entire battery pack for fire extinguishing and cooling.

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