Composite inhibitor and its application in flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore

Abstract

The application provides a composite inhibitor and application thereof in flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore, and relates to the technical field of ore dressing. The composite inhibitor is obtained by mixing carbonates and sulfates in equal proportions. In application, the lead-zinc sulfide ore is first crushed and ground to about 60% of 0.074 mm, then the ore pulp is subjected to lead-sulfur flotation, the tailings are further subjected to scavenging, finally the concentrate is subjected to lead flotation to obtain lead concentrate, and the tailings are subjected to zinc flotation to obtain zinc concentrate. The inhibitor prepared in the application has a significantly higher inhibiting effect on sphalerite than traditional inhibitors, significantly reduces the problem of lead-zinc mutual inclusion in lead-zinc flotation, and improves the lead-zinc separation efficiency. The problems in the prior art, such as difficulty in treating high-alkalinity wastewater, adverse effect of the inhibitor on precious metal recovery, harmfulness of hydrogen sulfide gas to the environment and operating personnel, and complexity of operation, are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mineral processing technology, and in particular to a composite inhibitor and its application in the flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ores. Background Technology

[0002] Lead and zinc are widely used in machinery, military, and defense fields, and are important mineral resources in my country. Sulfide lead-zinc ore accounts for over 90% of my country's total lead-zinc ore reserves. Therefore, more efficient development and utilization of downstream resources is of great significance for the protection of my country's lead and zinc resources. Currently, the commonly used process in industrial production involves adding zinc sulfate, lime, and sodium sulfite under alkaline conditions to reduce the floatability of sphalerite, followed by the addition of galena collectors to achieve lead-zinc ore separation. However, these inhibitors still have some drawbacks. In the use of zinc sulfate, large amounts of lime are often added to change the pH of the slurry, resulting in highly alkaline wastewater. Furthermore, the minerals inhibited by lime are difficult to activate, and the highly alkaline solution can corrode slurry pipelines. In addition, for precious metals such as gold and silver, a high pH slurry solution is not conducive to their recovery, leading to a waste of precious metal resources. Sodium sulfide not only has a strong inhibitory effect on galena, but also produces hydrogen sulfide gas during production, which is harmful to human health and the environment.

[0003] A combination of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfide is used as a depressant. By adjusting the pH value and adding an appropriate amount of sodium sulfide, the floatability of sphalerite is suppressed, thereby achieving lead-zinc separation. In this process, sodium sulfide not only inhibits the floatability of galvanite but also releases hydrogen sulfide gas, posing a safety hazard. Hydrogen sulfide gas is highly harmful to the environment and the health of operators. Furthermore, strict control of the dosage of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfide, as well as the pH value, increases the complexity of the process and the difficulty of operation.

[0004] Therefore, it is essential to invent a lead-zinc separation inhibitor with superior performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems in existing technologies, this invention provides a composite inhibitor and its application in the flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore. The technical solution is as follows: A composite inhibitor is obtained by mixing reagents M1 and M2 in a 1:1 mass ratio to obtain a zincblende composite inhibitor. M1 is a carbonate and M2 is a sulfate.

[0006] Specifically, M1 is an acid carbonate, and M2 is a modified sulfate; The particle size of M1 and M2 is not more than 1 mm, and the particle size of the composite inhibitor obtained after mixing is not more than 1 mm.

[0007] The modified sulfate is obtained by sulfonation modification of sulfate lignin, and the modification can be carried out by conventional modification.

[0008] The application of the above-mentioned composite inhibitor in the flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ores includes the following steps: S1, after crushing, screening, and grinding, the slurry contains 50% to 70% -0.074mm particles. S2. The slurry obtained in step S1 is subjected to lead-sulfur flotation. During lead-sulfur roughing, dispersant, composite inhibitor, collector and pine oil are added in sequence. The roughing tailings are subjected to lead-sulfur scavenging. The lead-sulfur scavenging concentrate and the lead-sulfur roughing concentrate are combined into lead-sulfur flotation concentrate. The lead-sulfur scavenging tailings are subjected to zinc flotation. S3. The lead-sulfur flotation concentrate obtained in step S2 is subjected to one roughing, three cleaning and one scavenging lead flotation to obtain lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. S4. The lead tailings obtained in step S3 are subjected to one roughing, two cleaning and one sulfur flotation to obtain sulfur concentrate and tailings. S5. The lead-sulfur scavenging tailings obtained in step S2 are subjected to one roughing, two cleaning, and one zinc flotation process to obtain zinc concentrate and tailings.

[0009] During the above-mentioned drug addition process, the time interval between drug additions is 3-5 minutes, and stirring is performed to ensure that the drug is fully dissolved.

[0010] In step S2, during the lead-sulfur coarse separation, the dispersant is water glass, with a dosage of 500 g / t - 600 g / t; the composite inhibitor is 100 g / t - 150 g / t; the collector is at least one of xanthate, black powder, and sulfur nitrogen, with a dosage of 40 g / t - 80 g / t; and the pine oil is 25 g / t.

[0011] In step S2, during lead-sulfur scavenging, only a collector is added. The collector is butyl xanthate, and the dosage is 20 g / t-60 g / t.

[0012] In step S3, during the lead flotation roughing process, an inhibitor and a collector are added. The inhibitor is a compound inhibitor, and the dosage is 40 g / t-80 g / t. The collector is butyl xanthate, and the dosage is 20 g / t-60 g / t.

[0013] In step S3, a collector is added during the first fine-grained lead flotation. The collector is butyl xanthate, and the dosage is 20 g / t-40 g / t. No reagent is added during the second fine-grained, third fine-grained, and scavenging processes.

[0014] In step S4, during the roughing stage of sulfur flotation, a collector and pine oil are added. The collector is butyl xanthate, and the dosage is 40 g / t-80 g / t. The dosage of pine oil is 25 g / t.

[0015] In step S4, a collector is added during the primary cleaning of sulfur flotation. The collector is butyl xanthate, and the dosage is 20 g / t-60 g / t. No reagent is added during the secondary concentrate and scavenging.

[0016] In step S5, during the roughing of zinc flotation, an activator, a collector, and pine oil are added. The activator is copper sulfate, with a dosage of 100 g / t-200 g / t. The collector is ethyl xanthate, with a dosage of 100 g / t-120 g / t. The pine oil is used at a dosage of 25 g / t.

[0017] In step S5, water glass is added during the first zinc flotation cleaning process, and the amount of water glass used is 100 g / t - 200 g / t. No reagents are added during the second cleaning process. In step S5, a collector is added during the zinc flotation scavenging process. The collector is ethyl xanthate, and the dosage is 60 g / t-80 g / t.

[0018] The lead concentrate has a grade of 45.00~50.00% and a recovery rate of 75.00~80.00%, the sulfur concentrate has a grade of 45.00~50.00% and a recovery rate of 48.00~55.00%, and the zinc concentrate has a grade of 46.00~50.00% and a recovery rate of 86.00~90.00%.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following: In the above-described scheme, the formulated inhibitor exhibits a significantly higher inhibitory effect on sphalerite than traditional inhibitors, significantly reducing the problem of lead-zinc intermingling in lead-zinc flotation and improving lead-zinc separation efficiency. No by-products or intermediate products are generated during use, simplifying the subsequent processing of mineral processing products and reducing beneficiation costs. This inhibitor does not produce harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide during use, reducing threats to the environment and operator health. Furthermore, this inhibitor can be synthesized from existing industrial products or chemical reagents; the synthesis process is simple, production costs are low, and it is suitable for large-scale production applications. In addition, the inhibitor of this invention does not affect the recovery of precious metals such as gold and silver from the slurry, improving the comprehensive utilization rate of precious metals.

[0020] In short, this invention solves the problems of difficult treatment of highly alkaline wastewater, the unfavorable effect of inhibitors on precious metal recovery, the harmful effects of hydrogen sulfide gas on the environment and operators, and the complexity of operation in the prior art. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the application of a composite inhibitor in the flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the adsorption of the flotation product in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] In embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily," "for example," etc., are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" in the present invention should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. Furthermore, in embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or either one.

[0025] In this embodiment of the invention, sometimes a subscript such as W1 may be written in a non-subscript form such as W1. When the difference is not emphasized, the meaning they express is the same.

[0026] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] This invention provides a composite inhibitor and its application in the flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ores. For example... Figure 1 The application of the composite inhibitor shown in the flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore may include the following steps: S1, after crushing, screening, and grinding, the slurry contains 50% to 70% -0.074mm particles. S2. The slurry obtained in step S1 is subjected to lead-sulfur flotation. During lead-sulfur roughing, dispersant, composite inhibitor, collector and pine oil are added in sequence. The roughing tailings are subjected to lead-sulfur scavenging. The lead-sulfur scavenging concentrate and the lead-sulfur roughing concentrate are combined into lead-sulfur flotation concentrate. The lead-sulfur scavenging tailings are subjected to zinc flotation. S3. The lead-sulfur flotation concentrate obtained in step S2 is subjected to one roughing, three cleaning and one scavenging lead flotation to obtain lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. S4. The lead tailings obtained in step S3 are subjected to one roughing, two cleaning and one sulfur flotation to obtain sulfur concentrate and tailings. S5. The lead-sulfur scavenging tailings obtained in step S2 are subjected to one roughing, two cleaning, and one zinc flotation process to obtain zinc concentrate and tailings.

[0028] The aforementioned composite inhibitor is obtained by mixing acid carbonate and sulfate lignin after sulfonation modification.

[0029] The following description, in conjunction with specific embodiments, illustrates this point.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] Two g each of galena and sphalerite (60% concentration, -0.074 mm) were taken for flotation. 40 mL of deionized water was added to a 1 L hanging flotation cell, and the pulp was stirred and prepared at 1300 rpm to disperse the minerals. The flotation process followed the steps of adding depressant first, then collector, and finally frother. After adding the depressant, the mixture was stirred for 3 minutes, followed by adding 20 mg / L collector and stirring for 3 minutes, then adding 10 mg / L frother and stirring for 2 minutes. After stirring, flotation was performed. The flotation products were processed, and the results are as follows. Figure 2 The inhibitor concentrations were 0 mg / L, 10 mg / L, 30 mg / L, 50 mg / L, and 70 mg / L.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] Flotation separation of refractory lead-zinc sulfide ores

[0034] A difficult-to-process lead-zinc sulfide ore in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is a large, low-grade sandstone-conglomerate type sulfide lead-zinc ore. The raw ore contains 0.14% lead and 2.01% zinc. The mineral composition is complex, with various minerals occurring together, making flotation extremely difficult. It is a difficult-to-process lead-zinc sulfide ore.

[0035] according to Figure 1 The process flow diagram shown illustrates the main steps involved in processing this ore: First, a composite inhibitor is prepared by mixing reagents M1 and M2 in a 1:1 mass ratio to obtain a zincblende composite inhibitor.

[0036] The raw ore was crushed, ball-milled, and classified to control the particle size to -0.074 mm (60%). Then, water glass, combined inhibitors (M1 and M2), butyl xanthate, and pine oil were added for lead and sulfur roughing. After one roughing and three cleaning operations, lead concentrate was obtained. The lead tailings were then used for sulfur separation. The lead and sulfur scavenging tailings were then used for zinc flotation. In the zinc roughing operation, activators, collectors, and pine oil were added sequentially, followed by two cleaning operations to obtain zinc concentrate.

[0037] Comparative Example 1

[0038] according to Figure 1 The process flow diagram shown illustrates the treatment of this ore, where the inhibitor is replaced with zinc sulfate, while the types and amounts of other reagents remain unchanged.

[0039] Comparative Example 2

[0040] according to Figure 1 The process flow diagram shown illustrates the treatment of this ore, with the inhibitor replaced by M1. The types and amounts of other reagents remain unchanged.

[0041] Comparative Example 3

[0042] according to Figure 1 The process flow diagram shown illustrates the treatment of this ore, with the inhibitor replaced by M2. The types and amounts of other reagents remain unchanged.

[0043] The types and amounts of the pharmaceutical agents used in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1.

[0044] Table 1. Types and Dosages of Drugs The grade, recovery rate and yield of the products obtained from Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1, 2 and 3 were tested respectively, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0045] Table 2 Results of Examples and Comparative Examples

[0046]

[0047] As shown in Table 2 of the results from the examples and comparative examples, the flotation inhibitors (M1 and M2) recommended by this invention for refractory sulfide lead-zinc ores can achieve relatively ideal indicators when processing this type of large conglomerate-type low-grade sulfide lead-zinc ores. The lead and zinc content in the lead concentrate and zinc concentrate is lower, which improves the utilization of lead and zinc resources and has high economic value.

[0048] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A compound inhibitor, characterized in that, A zincblende composite inhibitor is obtained by mixing reagents M1 and M2 in a 1:1 mass ratio. M1 is an acidic carbonate, and M2 is a modified sulfate; The particle size of M1 and M2 is not more than 1 mm, and the particle size of the composite inhibitor obtained after mixing is not more than 1 mm. The modified sulfate was obtained by sulfonation modification of sulfate lignin; The application of the composite inhibitor in the flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ore includes the following steps: S1, after crushing, screening, and grinding, the slurry contains 50% to 70% -0.074mm particles. S2. The slurry obtained in step S1 is subjected to lead-sulfur flotation. During lead-sulfur roughing, dispersant, composite inhibitor, collector and pine oil are added in sequence. The roughing tailings are subjected to lead-sulfur scavenging. The lead-sulfur scavenging concentrate and the lead-sulfur roughing concentrate are combined into lead-sulfur flotation concentrate. The lead-sulfur scavenging tailings are subjected to zinc flotation. S3. The lead-sulfur flotation concentrate obtained in step S2 is subjected to one roughing, three cleaning and one scavenging lead flotation to obtain lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. S4. The lead tailings obtained in step S3 are subjected to one roughing, two cleaning and one sulfur flotation to obtain sulfur concentrate and tailings. S5. The lead-sulfur scavenging tailings obtained in step S2 are subjected to one roughing, two cleaning, and one zinc flotation process to obtain zinc concentrate and tailings.

2. The composite inhibitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, during the lead-sulfur roughing process, the dispersant is water glass, with a dosage of 500g / t - 600g / t; the composite inhibitor dosage is 100g / t - 150g / t; the collector is at least one of xanthate, black powder, and sulfur nitrogen, with a dosage of 40g / t - 80g / t; and the pine oil dosage is 25g / t. In step S2, during lead-sulfur scavenging, only a collector is added. The collector is butyl xanthate, and the dosage is 20g / t-60g / t.

3. The composite inhibitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, during the lead flotation roughing process, an inhibitor and a collector are added. The inhibitor is a compound inhibitor, and the dosage is 40g / t-80g / t. The collector is butyl xanthate, and the dosage is 20g / t-60g / t.

4. The composite inhibitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, a collector is added during the first fine-grained lead flotation. The collector is butyl xanthate, and the dosage is 20g / t-40g / t. No reagent is added during the second fine-grained, third fine-grained, and scavenging processes.

5. The composite inhibitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, during the roughing stage of sulfur flotation, a collector and pine oil are added. The collector is butyl xanthate, and the dosage is 40g / t-80g / t. The dosage of pine oil is 25g / t. In step S4, a collector is added during the primary cleaning of sulfur flotation. The collector is butyl xanthate, and the dosage is 20g / t-60g / t. No reagent is added during the secondary concentrate and scavenging.

6. The composite inhibitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, during the roughing of zinc flotation, an activator, a collector, and pine oil are added. The activator is copper sulfate, with a dosage of 100g / t-200g / t. The collector is ethyl xanthate, with a dosage of 100g / t-120g / t. The pine oil dosage is 25g / t.

7. The composite inhibitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, water glass is added during the first zinc flotation cleaning process, and the amount of water glass used is 100 g / t - 200 g / t. No reagents are added during the second cleaning process. In step S5, a collector is added during zinc flotation scavenging. The collector is ethyl xanthate, and the dosage is 60g / t-80g / t.

8. The composite inhibitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lead concentrate has a grade of 45.00~50.00% and a recovery rate of 75.00~80.00%, the sulfur concentrate has a grade of 45.00~50.00% and a recovery rate of 48.00~55.00%, and the zinc concentrate has a grade of 46.00~50.00% and a recovery rate of 86.00~90.00%.

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