A grinding wheel for processing a wave blade milling cutter and a grinding method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of grinding processing, and discloses a grinding wheel for processing a wave blade milling cutter and a grinding method, which comprises a grinding wheel main body, the grinding wheel main body is provided with a grinding part, the cross section of the grinding part comprises a straight line segment, a first arc segment, a second arc segment, a third arc segment and a fourth arc segment; the first arc segment and the third arc segment are arc-shaped depressions relative to the grinding wheel main body; the second arc segment and the fourth arc segment are arc-shaped protrusions relative to the grinding wheel main body; one end of the first arc segment is connected with one end of the second arc segment; one end of the third arc segment is connected with one end of the fourth arc segment; the other end of the second arc segment and the other end of the third arc segment are linear or curved transitions; the straight line segment is located on the side, away from the second arc segment, of the first arc segment, and the straight line segment is connected with the other end of the first arc segment. The problems that the grinding allowance is large when shoveling in, the processing efficiency is low, the grinding wheel wears fast, and the shape retention is poor during actual processing of the grinding wheel used in general processing are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grinding technology, specifically to a grinding wheel and grinding method for machining wave-edge end mills. Background Technology

[0002] The sine wave end mill is a type of end mill that represents an innovation in end mill geometry design. Its cutting edge is not a typical helix, but a helical sine curve. The regular, periodic changes in the helix angle and rake angle improve the cutting force, making it more uniform and stable. Furthermore, due to the sine curve cutting edge design, it produces shorter chips, resulting in smoother chip evacuation, less workpiece thermal deformation, and the ability to use higher cutting parameters. Its machining efficiency is 1-2 times higher, or even more, than that of ordinary helical end mills. However, the unique sine curve cutting edge design of the sine wave end mill also makes its manufacturing more complex.

[0003] When machining the wavy circumferential tooth cutting edge of a wave-shaped end mill, a diamond forming grinding wheel is required. Generally, the cross-sectional shape of the grinding wheel used in machining is made to correspond to the shape of the end mill's waveform, creating a peak and a trough. In actual machining, there are problems such as large grinding allowance during the cutting process, low machining efficiency, fast grinding wheel wear, and poor shape retention. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention proposes a grinding wheel and grinding method for machining wave-edge milling cutters, which solves the problems of large grinding allowance, low machining efficiency, fast wear speed, and poor shape retention of grinding wheels used in general machining processes.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a grinding wheel for machining wave-edge milling cutters, comprising: A grinding wheel body, the grinding wheel body having a grinding section, the cross-section of the grinding section including a straight segment, a first arc segment, a second arc segment, a third arc segment and a fourth arc segment; The first arc segment and the third arc segment are arc-shaped recesses relative to the grinding wheel body; The second arc segment and the fourth arc segment are arc-shaped protrusions relative to the grinding wheel body; One end of the first arc segment is connected to one end of the second arc segment; One end of the third arc segment is connected to one end of the fourth arc segment; The other end of the second arc segment transitions to the other end of the third arc segment by a straight line or a curve; The straight line segment is located on the side of the first arc segment away from the second arc segment, and the straight line segment is connected to the other end of the first arc segment.

[0006] Optionally, a horizontal reference line is drawn along the axis of the grinding wheel body; The straight segment is arranged at an angle, and from one end connected to the first arc segment to the other end, it gradually approaches the horizontal baseline, with an angle of 5° to 8° between the straight segment and the horizontal baseline.

[0007] Optionally, the vertical line where the connection point between the straight line segment and the first arc segment is located is A, the vertical line where the other end point of the straight line segment is located is B, the vertical center line of the second arc segment is C, and the vertical center line of the third arc segment is D; The distance from A to C is less than the distance from C to D, and the distance from B to C is greater than the distance from C to D.

[0008] Optionally, the vertical line containing the center point of the fourth arc segment is E, where the distance from C to D is equal to the distance from D to E.

[0009] Optionally, the radius of the second arc segment is smaller than the radius of the fourth arc segment, and the distance from the top of the second arc segment to the horizontal reference line is smaller than the distance from the top of the fourth arc segment to the horizontal reference line.

[0010] Optionally, the radius of the second arc segment is R2, and the radius of the fourth arc segment is R4, where 0.7*R4≤R2≤0.9*R4.

[0011] Optionally, the radius of the first arc segment is smaller than the radius of the third arc segment, the distance from the bottom of the arc of the first arc segment to the horizontal baseline is smaller than the distance from the bottom of the arc of the third arc segment to the horizontal baseline, and the distance from each point of the straight line segment to the horizontal baseline is smaller than the distance from the bottom of the arc of the third arc segment to the horizontal baseline.

[0012] Optionally, the radius of the first arc segment is R1, and the radius of the third arc segment is R3, where 0.7*R3≤R1≤0.9*R3.

[0013] Optionally, the cross-section of the grinding wheel body further includes a first inclined section and a second inclined section; One end of the first inclined segment is connected to the other end of the straight segment, and extends radially toward the center of the grinding wheel body; One end of the second inclined segment is connected to the other end of the fourth arc-shaped segment, and extends radially toward the center of the grinding wheel body.

[0014] A grinding method for machining a wave-edge end mill, comprising using a grinding wheel for machining wave-edge end mills to machine the cutting edge of the end mill, including: Step 1: The grinding wheel body is fed into the milling cutter from one side of the end face of the milling cutter cutting edge along the axis of the milling cutter cutting edge at one pitch, and the radial feed is made according to the wave height of the milling cutter waveform, wherein the straight section side is the grinding reference surface; Step 2: Use the straight segment to pre-grind the arc back angle of the milling cutter cutting edge, and rough grind the allowance of the back face of the milling cutter cutting edge; Step 3: Use the last concave arc of the first arc segment to grind the waveform and form an arc transition connection with the milling cutter shank to remove the sharp point; Step 4: Use the second arc segment to rough grind the remaining material at the trough of the milling cutter cutting edge; Step 5: Use the third arc segment corresponding to the peak position of the sine curve of the milling cutter cutting edge and the fourth arc segment corresponding to the trough position of the sine curve of the milling cutter cutting edge for final fine grinding.

[0015] The working principle and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In this invention, the grinding wheel serves as the basic load-bearing component, providing support for the grinding section. The straight segment is located on the side of the first arc segment away from the second arc segment and is connected to the other end of the first arc segment. When machining a wave-shaped end mill, before the sine wave (referring to the sine wave composed of the third and fourth arc segments, the dimensions of which are made according to the tooth profile of the end mill's cutting edge) enters the mill, the straight segment's function is to rough grind the allowance on the back face of the end mill's cutting edge (the back face is the face opposite the cutting edge of the end mill. The allowance on the back face of the end mill refers to the excess material reserved on the back face before grinding the end mill), providing a foundation for subsequent grinding. Simultaneously, it pre-grinds the arc clearance angle (when viewed from the side of the end mill, the angle between the back face and the cutting plane is not a simple plane angle, but rather the back face transitions in an arc shape near the cutting edge; the angle corresponding to this arc is the arc clearance angle), playing a crucial role in the initial shaping of the end mill.

[0016] The first arc segment is an arc-shaped concave section, with one end connecting to the second arc segment and the other end connecting to the straight section. The final concave arc exit point of the grinding waveform forms a sharp point with the tool shank, creating an arc-shaped transition. This reduces machining stress concentration, minimizes the risk of hand injuries to operators during tool loading and unloading, and improves operational safety.

[0017] The second arc segment is an arc-shaped convexity, connecting to the first arc segment at one end and transitioning to the third arc segment at the other end via a straight line or curve. Its main function is to rough grind the troughs of the milling cutter's cutting edge. The third arc segment is an arc-shaped concave depression, connecting to the fourth arc segment at one end and transitioning to the second arc segment at the other end; the fourth arc segment is an arc-shaped convexity. The radii of the third and fourth arc segments are customized according to the milling cutter's tooth profile requirements. During machining, concave and convex portions matching the tooth profile are ground to provide shape support for the wave-shaped cutting edge of the wave-shaped milling cutter, ensuring that the milling cutter's cutting performance meets standards.

[0018] When the straight segment is not cut into the sine wave, the rough grinding of the milling cutter's back face allowance is reduced. Step-by-step grinding reduces the workload of subsequent fine grinding. Compared with the traditional method of removing a large amount of grinding allowance when the grinding wheel enters, it can remove most of the allowance more quickly and improve processing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The preferred embodiments will now be described in a clear and easy-to-understand manner, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to further explain the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages, and implementation methods of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding wheel body of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the partial structure of I; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the various structures within the structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding process of the present invention; Figure 5 The state of the milling cutter cutting edge after being ground once with a traditional grinding wheel (magnified 158 times). Figure 6 This is the state of the milling cutter cutting edge after the grinding wheel body of the present invention has been ground once (magnified 158 times).

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Grinding wheel body; 101. Horizontal reference line; 2. Grinding section; 3. Straight line segment; 4. First arc segment; 5. Second arc segment; 6. Third arc segment; 7. Fourth arc segment; 8. First inclined segment; 9. Second inclined segment; 10. One pitch; 11. Grinding reference surface; 12. Transition segment; 13. End mill cutting edge; 14. Arc transition. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0023] To keep the drawings concise, each drawing only schematically shows the parts relevant to the invention; these do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some drawings, only one of components with the same structure or function is schematically shown, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one," and "several" includes "two" and "more than two."

[0024] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] Reference Figures 1-6 A grinding wheel for machining wave-edge end mills is proposed, comprising: a grinding wheel body 1, the grinding wheel body 1 having a grinding section 2, the cross-section of the grinding section 2 including a straight segment 3, a first arc segment 4, a second arc segment 5, a third arc segment 6 and a fourth arc segment 7; the first arc segment 4 and the third arc segment 6 are arc-shaped concave relative to the grinding wheel body 1; the second arc segment 5 and the fourth arc segment 7 are arc-shaped convex relative to the grinding wheel body 1; one end of the first arc segment 4 is connected to one end of the second arc segment 5; one end of the third arc segment 6 is connected to one end of the fourth arc segment 7; the other end of the second arc segment 5 and the other end of the third arc segment 6 are connected by a straight line or a curve; the straight segment 3 is located on the side of the first arc segment 4 away from the second arc segment 5, and the straight segment 3 is connected to the other end of the first arc segment 4.

[0027] In this embodiment, the grinding wheel serves as the basic load-bearing component, providing support for the grinding section 2. The straight segment 3 is located on the side of the first arc segment 4 away from the second arc segment 5 and is connected to the other end of the first arc segment 4. When machining the wave-shaped end mill, before the sine wave (referring to the sine wave composed of the third arc segment 6 and the fourth arc segment 7, the dimensions of which are made according to the tooth shape of the end mill cutting edge 13) has entered the mill, the straight segment 3 is used to rough grind the allowance on the back face of the end mill cutting edge 13 (the back face is the face opposite the cutting edge of the end mill. The allowance on the back face of the end mill cutting edge 13 refers to the excess material reserved on the back face before grinding the end mill), providing a foundation for subsequent grinding. At the same time, it pre-grinds the arc clearance angle (when viewed from the side of the end mill, the angle between the back face and the cutting plane is not a simple plane angle, but rather the back face transitions in the form of an arc near the cutting edge, and the angle corresponding to this arc is the arc clearance angle), playing a key role in the initial shaping of the end mill.

[0028] The first arc segment 4 is an arc-shaped concave section, with one end connecting to the second arc segment 5 and the other end connecting to the straight section 3. The final concave arc exit point of the grinding waveform forms a sharp point with the tool shank, creating an arc-shaped transition 14. This reduces machining stress concentration, minimizes the risk of hand injuries to operators during tool loading and unloading, and improves operational safety.

[0029] The second arc segment 5 is an arc-shaped protrusion, whose main function is to rough grind the trough of the end mill cutting edge 13. One end is connected to the third arc segment 6 by a straight line or curve, where the straight line or curve transition connection is called the transition segment 12. The third arc segment 6 is an arc-shaped concave depression, one end of which connects to the fourth arc segment 7, and the other end is connected to the second arc segment 5; the fourth arc segment 7 is an arc-shaped protrusion. The radius dimensions of the third arc segment 6 and the fourth arc segment 7 are customized according to the end mill tooth profile requirements. During machining, concave arcs and protruding parts that match the tooth profile are ground out to provide shape support for the wave-shaped cutting edge of the wave-shaped end mill, ensuring that the end mill cutting performance meets the standards.

[0030] When the straight segment 3 is not engaged in the sine wave, the rough grinding of the milling cutter cutting edge 13 and the remaining material on the back face are reduced. The step-by-step grinding reduces the amount of subsequent fine grinding work. Compared with the traditional grinding wheel, which has a large grinding allowance when it is engaged, it can remove most of the allowance more quickly and improve the processing efficiency.

[0031] Furthermore, a horizontal reference line 101 is drawn along the axis of the grinding wheel body 1; the straight segment 3 is arranged at an angle, and from one end connected to the first arc segment 4 to the other end, it gradually approaches the horizontal reference line 101, and the angle between it and the horizontal reference line 101 is 5°~8°.

[0032] In this embodiment, the straight segment 3 is inclined at an angle of 5° to 8° with the horizontal reference line 101. When the grinding wheel rough grinds the back face of the milling cutter 13, compared with the case where the straight segment 3 is arranged parallel to the horizontal reference line 101, the inclined arrangement makes the grinding force generate a certain component force on the back face of the milling cutter 13, which helps to remove the excess material more evenly and avoids over-grinding or uneven grinding caused by the grinding force being concentrated in a certain local area, thereby improving the grinding quality.

[0033] The grinding process gradually approaches the horizontal reference line 101 from one end where the straight segment 3 connects to the first arc segment 4, achieving a progressive grinding process. This adapts to the allowance distribution on the flank face of the milling cutter cutting edge 13, ensuring the uniformity and rationality of the grinding of the entire flank face. This design also facilitates coordinated work with other structures of the grinding wheel. For example, the gradual approach of the straight segment 3 to the horizontal reference line 101 results in a more natural and smooth connection with the first arc segment 4. After completing the rough grinding of the flank face allowance on the straight segment 3, it can smoothly transition to the arc transition grinding of the first arc segment 4 at the connection between the milling cutter cutting edge 13 and the tool shank, ensuring the continuity and accuracy of the entire milling cutter grinding process.

[0034] Furthermore, the vertical line where the connection point of straight line segment 3 and the first arc segment 4 is located is A, the vertical line where the other end point of straight line segment 3 is located is B, the vertical center line of the second arc segment 5 is C, and the vertical center line of the third arc segment 6 is D. The distance from A to C is less than the distance from C to D, and the distance from B to C is greater than the distance from C to D.

[0035] In this embodiment, this distance relationship allows the straight segment 3 to accurately align with the next peak position of the milling cutter cutting edge 13 during the rotation of the grinding wheel. Since the distance from A to C is less than the distance from C to D, the connection end of the straight segment 3 with the first arc segment 4 is close to the center line of the second arc segment 5. This provides a relatively accurate initial position for the straight segment 3 when it begins to contact the milling cutter, allowing it to extend towards the next peak position. Simultaneously, the distance from B to C is greater than the distance from C to D, ensuring that the straight segment 3 can cover the next peak position in the length direction, providing sufficient grinding stroke for rough grinding.

[0036] The straight segment 3 gradually approaches the horizontal reference line 101 from one end close to the first arc segment 4 to the other end, so that when rough grinding the next peak position, it can perform the corresponding degree of grinding at different positions of the peak according to the allowance distribution, ensuring that an appropriate amount of allowance can be removed evenly over the entire peak length, laying a good foundation for the subsequent fine grinding process.

[0037] This arrangement ensures the synergy between the straight segment 3 and the other arc segments during the grinding process. After the straight segment 3 has been rough-ground to the next peak position, it can smoothly transition to cooperate with the first arc segment 4 to perform grinding at the connection between the milling cutter cutting edge 13 and the tool shank. At the same time, the third arc segment 6 and the fourth arc segment 7 respectively perform fine grinding on the peaks and troughs, jointly completing the machining of the milling cutter cutting edge 13, thus improving the efficiency and accuracy of the entire milling cutter cutting edge 13 machining process.

[0038] Furthermore, the vertical line containing the center point of the fourth arc segment 7 is E, where the distance from C to D is equal to the distance from D to E.

[0039] In this embodiment, the equidistant arrangement provides a precise positional basis for the coordinated operation of each part of the grinding wheel section 2. This allows the fourth arc-shaped segment 7 to completely cover the second arc-shaped segment 5, enabling comprehensive and precise secondary processing of the area rough-ground on the second arc-shaped segment 5. In actual processing, if uneven grinding occurs in local areas of the trough during the rough grinding of the second arc-shaped segment 5 due to wheel wear or other reasons, the covering fine grinding of the fourth arc-shaped segment 7 can correct these areas, thereby ensuring that the shape accuracy and surface quality of the entire trough meet the design requirements.

[0040] Furthermore, the radius of the second arc segment 5 is smaller than the radius of the fourth arc segment 7, and the distance from the top of the arc of the second arc segment 5 to the horizontal baseline 101 is smaller than the distance from the top of the arc of the fourth arc segment 7 to the horizontal baseline 101.

[0041] In this embodiment, after rough grinding of the second arc segment 5, the trough has been initially formed, but still requires high-precision finishing. During fine grinding, the larger radius fourth arc segment 7 allows for comprehensive finishing of the trough from a more advantageous angle, ensuring the shape accuracy and surface quality of the trough. It can perform final refinement of the trough without affecting the already rough-ground area, making the overall shape of the trough more in line with design requirements, thereby improving the cutting performance and durability of the milling cutter.

[0042] Furthermore, the radius of the second arc segment 5 is R2, and the radius of the fourth arc segment 7 is R4, where 0.7*R4≤R2≤0.9*R4.

[0043] In this embodiment, during the grinding process, the contact area between the grinding wheel and the milling cutter can be approximated as having a certain shape (related to the arc segment contour), and its area is closely related to the grinding amount. For the arc segment, the area is related to the square of the radius. Assuming other conditions remain unchanged, the grinding amount of the second arc segment 5 and the fourth arc segment 7 is proportional to the square of their respective radii. Therefore, the grinding amount of rough grinding can be controlled between 49% and 81%, and precise control of the rough grinding amount makes the processing flow more scientific and reasonable. Removing some of the excess material in the rough grinding stage reduces the burden on subsequent fine grinding and avoids problems such as excessive processing time and rapid wear of the grinding wheel due to excessive excess material during fine grinding. At the same time, a reasonable rough grinding allowance also provides a suitable basis for fine grinding, facilitating precise adjustment of the shape and size of the troughs during fine grinding.

[0044] Furthermore, the radius of the first arc segment 4 is smaller than the radius of the third arc segment 6, the distance from the bottom of the arc of the first arc segment 4 to the horizontal baseline 101 is smaller than the distance from the bottom of the arc of the third arc segment 6 to the horizontal baseline 101, and the distance from each point of the straight line segment 3 to the horizontal baseline 101 is smaller than the distance from the bottom of the arc of the third arc segment 6 to the horizontal baseline 101.

[0045] In this embodiment, the larger radius and higher arc-shaped bottom position of the third arc segment 6 provide conditions for it to cover the grinding areas of the straight segment 3 and the first arc segment 4. The larger radius allows the third arc segment 6 to have a wider coverage area and a smoother grinding effect during grinding, enabling further finishing of the area after the initial grinding of the straight segment 3 and the first arc segment 4. The higher arc-shaped bottom position and the distance from the horizontal reference line 101 ensure that the third arc segment 6 can cut in from a suitable position during the rotation of the grinding wheel, fully covering the areas ground by the straight segment 3 and the first arc segment 4.

[0046] The distance from each point of the straight segment 3 to the horizontal reference line 101 is less than the distance from the bottom of the arc of the third arc segment 6 to the horizontal reference line 101. This positional relationship ensures that when the straight segment 3 performs rough grinding on the milling cutter cutting edge 13 (such as pre-grinding the arc clearance angle, rough grinding the allowance of the milling cutter cutting edge 13), its processing area is completely within the coverage area of ​​the third arc segment 6. After the straight segment 3 completes rough grinding, the third arc segment 6 can immediately proceed with subsequent processing on this area, achieving continuity and completeness of the grinding process.

[0047] The third arc segment 6 covers the grinding areas of the straight segment 3 and the first arc segment 4, ensuring that the end mill cutting edge 13 achieves a uniform finish after different stages of grinding. For example, rough grinding of the straight segment 3 may leave some unevenness or dimensional deviations, and the first arc segment 4 may also have slight errors during operations such as removing sharp points. The covering grinding of the third arc segment 6 can correct these problems, thereby improving the overall accuracy of the end mill cutting edge 13 and ensuring the cutting performance of the end mill.

[0048] This overlay grinding method ensures consistent quality of the same part of the end mill cutting edge 13 at different grinding stages. Different grinding areas receive uniform treatment from the third arc segment 6, avoiding quality differences caused by improper transitions between grinding segments. This results in more stable cutting edge performance throughout the end mill's lifespan, improving its durability and machining reliability.

[0049] Furthermore, the radius of the first arc segment 4 is R1, and the radius of the third arc segment 6 is R3, where 0.7*R3≤R1≤0.9*R3.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first arc segment is mainly responsible for forming an arc transition connection with the tool shank at the last concave arc exit point of the grinding waveform, removing the sharp point. It requires a relatively small and flexible radius to accurately process this specific area. The third arc segment 6 is used to cover the grinding area of ​​the milling cutter cutting edge 13 by the straight segment 3 and the first arc segment 4 for subsequent finishing. The larger radius helps to achieve a wider and smoother grinding.

[0051] Furthermore, the grinding wheel body 1 has a first inclined section 8 and a second inclined section 9; one end of the first inclined section 8 is connected to the other end of the straight section 3 and extends radially toward the middle of the grinding wheel body 1; one end of the second inclined section 9 is connected to the other end of the fourth arc-shaped section 7 and extends radially toward the middle of the grinding wheel body 1.

[0052] In this embodiment, the inclined design of the first inclined section 8 helps to change the direction and distribution of the grinding force. During the grinding process of the rotating grinding wheel, the grinding force is originally mainly concentrated in the grinding part 2, which is in direct contact with the milling cutter. The presence of the first inclined section 8 allows some of the grinding force to be transmitted along the inclined direction to the middle of the grinding wheel body 1, thereby dispersing the grinding force and reducing the pressure locally borne by the grinding part 2. This not only reduces the wear rate of the grinding wheel during the grinding process and extends the service life of the grinding wheel, but also makes the grinding force on the milling cutter more uniform during the machining process, which helps to improve the machining accuracy of the milling cutter.

[0053] The inclined section provides a guiding channel for the chips generated during grinding. As the grinding wheel body 1 rotates, the chips move more easily along the first inclined section 8 towards the center of the grinding wheel body 1, avoiding chip accumulation in the grinding area. Accumulated chips can affect the grinding effect, leading to scratches or increased roughness on the machined surface. The first inclined section 8 improves chip removal conditions, which is beneficial to improving the machining quality of the milling cutter.

[0054] Similar to the first inclined section 8, the second inclined section 9 also helps to disperse the grinding force. When the fourth arc section 7 is used for fine grinding the trough of the milling cutter cutting edge 13, the second inclined section 9 guides part of the grinding force to the middle of the grinding wheel body 1, so that the fourth arc section 7 can work more stably during the fine grinding process, reduce the error caused by uneven grinding force, and further improve the fine grinding accuracy of the milling cutter trough.

[0055] Although relatively few chips are generated during the fine grinding process, the machining accuracy requirements are higher. The second inclined section 9 further optimizes the chip removal path, ensuring that even tiny chips can be guided away from the grinding area in a timely manner, avoiding the impact of chips on the surface quality of the fine-ground surface, and guaranteeing the surface smoothness and dimensional accuracy of the milling cutter after fine grinding of the trough.

[0056] The first inclined section 8 and the second inclined section 9 are connected to the straight section 3 and the fourth arc section 7, respectively, together completing the machining process of the grinding wheel on the milling cutter. From the rough grinding of the straight section 3 to the optimization of grinding force and chip removal by the first inclined section 8, to the fine grinding of the fourth arc section 7 and the further guarantee of fine grinding effect and chip removal by the second inclined section 9, each part works closely together to improve the efficiency and quality of the entire machining process.

[0057] The design of these two inclined sections not only optimizes the mechanical properties of the grinding wheel during the grinding process and makes the grinding force distribution more reasonable, but also improves chip removal conditions, thereby enhancing the overall performance of the grinding wheel. This design helps to improve the stability and reliability of the grinding wheel in the machining of wave-edge end mills, meeting the requirements for high-precision machining of end mills.

[0058] A grinding method for machining a wave-edge end mill, comprising machining the cutting edge 13 of the end mill using a grinding wheel for machining wave-edge end mills, including: Step 1: The grinding wheel body 1 is fed into the milling cutter 13 along the axis of the milling cutter 13 at one pitch 10 from one side of the end face of the milling cutter cutting edge 13. The radial feed is made according to the wave height of the milling cutter waveform (similar to a wave shape) (the feed according to the wave height means that the tooth depth of the tool is from the highest point to the lowest point of the wave line, and the grinding wheel feeds radially according to this value). The straight section 3 is the grinding reference surface 11. Step 2: Use straight segment 3 to pre-grind the arc back angle of the milling cutter cutting edge 13, and rough grind the allowance of the back face of the milling cutter cutting edge 13; Step 3: Use the last concave arc of the first arc segment 4 to grind the waveform to form an arc transition connection with the milling cutter shank, and remove the sharp point; Step 4: Use the second arc segment 5 to rough grind the remaining material of the trough of the milling cutter cutting edge 13; Step 5: Use the third arc segment 6 to correspond to the peak position of the sine curve of the milling cutter cutting edge 13, and the fourth arc segment 7 to correspond to the trough position of the sine curve of the milling cutter cutting edge 13 for final fine grinding.

[0059] The method provided in this solution can simultaneously perform roughing and finishing of the wave-edge end mill's cutting edge shape in a single machining operation. Comparative experiments have verified that its advantages include, but are not limited to: 1. Significantly improves processing efficiency; 2. By distributing the machining allowance, the grinding force is reduced, which can help reduce defects such as edge breakage caused by excessive grinding during the machining process; 3. An arc transition 14 is formed at the exit position of the last waveform of the milling cutter cutting edge 13 to reduce the root tip and stress concentration of the milling cutter cutting edge 13.

[0060] The experimental data are shown in the table below:

[0061] Comparison of the state after grinding with a grinding wheel Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, it can be seen that the milling cutter cutting edge 13 after being ground once by a conventional grinding wheel has a micro-chipping state, while the present application shows excellent performance.

[0062] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grinding wheel for machining wave-shaped milling cutters, characterized in that, include: The grinding wheel body (1) has a grinding part (2), and the cross section of the grinding part (2) includes a straight segment (3), a first arc segment (4), a second arc segment (5), a third arc segment (6) and a fourth arc segment (7); The first arc segment (4) and the third arc segment (6) are arc-shaped recesses relative to the grinding wheel body (1); The second arc segment (5) and the fourth arc segment (7) are arc-shaped protrusions relative to the grinding wheel body (1); One end of the first arc segment (4) is connected to one end of the second arc segment (5); One end of the third arc segment (6) is connected to one end of the fourth arc segment (7); The other end of the second arc segment (5) and the other end of the third arc segment (6) are connected by a straight line or a curve; The straight segment (3) is located on the side of the first arc segment (4) away from the second arc segment (5), and the straight segment (3) is connected to the other end of the first arc segment (4); Draw a horizontal reference line (101) along the axis of the grinding wheel body (1); The vertical line where the connection point of the straight line segment (3) and the first arc segment (4) is located is A; the vertical line where the other end point of the straight line segment (3) is located is B; the vertical line where the center point of the second arc segment (5) is located is C; and the vertical line where the center point of the third arc segment (6) is located is D. The distance from A to C is less than the distance from C to D, and the distance from B to C is greater than the distance from C to D. The vertical line containing the center point of the fourth arc segment (7) is E, where the distance from C to D is equal to the distance from D to E; The radius of the second arc segment (5) is smaller than the radius of the fourth arc segment (7), and the distance from the top of the arc of the second arc segment (5) to the horizontal reference line (101) is smaller than the distance from the top of the arc of the fourth arc segment (7) to the horizontal reference line (101). The radius of the first arc segment (4) is smaller than the radius of the third arc segment (6), the distance from the bottom of the arc of the first arc segment (4) to the horizontal reference line (101) is smaller than the distance from the bottom of the arc of the third arc segment (6) to the horizontal reference line (101), and the distance from each point of the straight line segment (3) to the horizontal reference line (101) is smaller than the distance from the bottom of the arc of the third arc segment (6) to the horizontal reference line (101).

2. The grinding wheel for machining a wave-shaped milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The straight segment (3) is arranged at an angle, gradually approaching the horizontal reference line (101) from one end connected to the first arc segment (4) to the other end, and the angle between it and the horizontal reference line (101) is 5°~8°.

3. The grinding wheel for machining a wave-shaped milling cutter according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radius of the second arc segment (5) is R2, and the radius of the fourth arc segment (7) is R4, where 0.7 R4≤R2≤0.9 R4.

4. The grinding wheel for machining a wave-shaped milling cutter according to claim 3, characterized in that, The radius of the first arc segment (4) is R1, and the radius of the third arc segment (6) is R3, where 0.7 R3≤R1≤0.9 R3.

5. The grinding wheel for machining a wave-shaped milling cutter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cross-section of the grinding wheel body (1) also has a first inclined section (8) and a second inclined section (9); One end of the first inclined segment (8) is connected to the other end of the straight segment (3) and extends radially toward the middle of the grinding wheel body (1); One end of the second inclined segment (9) is connected to the other end of the fourth arc segment (7) and extends radially toward the center of the grinding wheel body (1).

6. A grinding method for machining a wave-shaped end mill, characterized in that, Machining the cutting edge (13) of a milling cutter using a grinding wheel as described in claim 5 includes: Step 1: The grinding wheel body (1) is fed into the milling cutter cutting edge (13) from one side of the end face of the milling cutter cutting edge (13) at a pitch (10) along the axial direction of the milling cutter cutting edge (13), and the radial feed is made according to the wave height of the milling cutter waveform, wherein the straight section (3) side is the grinding reference surface (11). Step 2: Use the straight segment (3) to pre-grind the arc back angle of the milling cutter cutting edge (13), and rough grind the allowance of the back face of the milling cutter cutting edge (13); Step 3: Use the first arc segment (4) to grind the last concave arc of the waveform to form an arc transition connection with the milling cutter shank, and remove the sharp point; Step 4: Use the second arc segment (5) to rough grind the trough allowance of the milling cutter cutting edge (13); Step 5: Use the third arc segment (6) to correspond to the peak position of the sine curve of the milling cutter cutting edge (13), and the fourth arc segment (7) to correspond to the trough position of the sine curve of the milling cutter cutting edge (13) for final fine grinding.

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