A bicolour gradient PVB film and a method for preparing the same

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, and discloses a double-color gradient PVB film and a preparation method thereof. The double-color gradient PVB film comprises a first surface layer, a sound insulation layer and a second surface layer which are arranged in layers; one side of the width center line of the first surface layer contains a wedge-shaped gradient layer; the wedge angle of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is close to the width center line of the first surface layer; the width of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is less than one half of the total width of the double-color gradient PVB film; and the thickness of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is less than or equal to the thickness of the first surface layer. The double-color gradient PVB film provided by the application has a design of a pure color area and a gradient color area in appearance, the light transmittance of the pure color area is less than 25%, the light transmittance of the dark part of the gradient color area is less than 5%, the sound insulation layer is arranged between the first surface layer and the second surface layer, so that the PVB film has sound insulation performance, and the PVB film also has good flexibility and tensile resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polymer materials technology, and in particular to a two-color gradient PVB film and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In the current market environment, consumers generally pursue a stylish and technologically advanced exterior design for automobiles. Glass roofs, especially panoramic sunroofs, can make vehicles look more fashionable and futuristic, better meeting current consumers' expectations for new energy vehicles that embody high technology and innovation. Because new energy vehicles require batteries to be housed at the bottom, the interior space layout is somewhat limited. Expanding the space upwards becomes a way to optimize interior space. Compared to traditional roofs (steel plates plus fabric headliners), glass roofs are thinner, effectively increasing headroom without increasing vehicle height, making passengers feel more spacious and comfortable.

[0003] In addition, glass roofs can provide good lighting for the vehicle interior, making it brighter and more transparent, giving passengers a wider view and improving the riding experience, especially in good weather, enhancing the sense of space and comfort. However, existing glass roofs still have drawbacks such as limited light transmittance, poor sun shading, and poor sound insulation, which hinder further improvements in the passenger riding experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the aforementioned technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one objective of the present invention is to provide a two-color gradient PVB film; a second objective is to provide a method for preparing such a two-color gradient PVB film; a third objective is to provide a laminated glass; and a fourth objective is to provide applications of the two-color gradient PVB film or laminated glass.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a two-color gradient PVB film, the two-color gradient PVB film comprising a first surface layer, a sound insulation layer and a second surface layer stacked thereon; in the first surface layer, a wedge-shaped gradient layer is provided on one side of the width centerline; the wedge angle of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is close to the width centerline of the first surface layer; the width of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is less than half of the total width of the two-color gradient PVB film; the thickness of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is less than or equal to the thickness of the first surface layer.

[0007] Preferably, the lower surface of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is in contact with the lower surface of the first surface layer.

[0008] Preferably, the end of the wedge-shaped gradient layer away from the center line of the width of the first surface layer is in contact with the end of the first surface layer.

[0009] Preferably, the number of wedge angles in the wedge-shaped gradient layer is ≥1; more preferably, the number of wedge angles in the wedge-shaped gradient layer is 1-2.

[0010] Preferably, the wedge angle of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is <1.0 mrad; more preferably, the wedge angle of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is 0.24-0.99 mrad.

[0011] Preferably, the total width of the two-color gradient PVB film is greater than 1850 mm; more preferably, the total width of the two-color gradient PVB film is greater than 1850 mm and less than 4000 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the width of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is greater than 850 mm and less than half of the total width of the two-color gradient PVB film.

[0013] Preferably, the total thickness of the two-color gradient PVB film is 0.76-0.85 mm; more preferably, the total thickness of the two-color gradient PVB film is 0.78-0.82 mm.

[0014] Preferably, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 0.05-0.15 mm; more preferably, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 0.06-0.12 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the first surface layer and the second surface layer have the same thickness.

[0016] Preferably, the thickness of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is less than the thickness of the first surface layer.

[0017] Preferably, the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer and the second surface layer each independently comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of PVB resin I; 30-50 parts of plasticizer; 0.2-1 part of antioxidant; 0.1-1 part of ultraviolet absorber; 0.1-1 part of light stabilizer; 0.01-0.08 parts of colorant; 0.001-0.02 parts of silane coupling agent; 0.05-0.2 parts of adhesion modifier; 0.3-1.5 parts of water; further... Preferably, the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer and the second surface layer each independently comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 95-105 parts of PVB resin I; 35-40 parts of plasticizer; 0.2-0.5 parts of antioxidant; 0.1-0.5 parts of ultraviolet absorber; 0.1-0.5 parts of light stabilizer; 0.01-0.05 parts of colorant; 0.001-0.01 parts of silane coupling agent; 0.05-0.1 parts of adhesion modifier; and 0.3-1 parts of water.

[0018] Preferably, the wedge-shaped gradient layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-16 parts of PVB resin I; 4-8 parts of plasticizer; 0.01-0.06 parts of antioxidant; 0.01-0.06 parts of ultraviolet absorber; 0.01-0.08 parts of light stabilizer; and 0.02-0.08 parts of colorant. More preferably, the wedge-shaped gradient layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-15 parts of PVB resin I; 4-5 parts of plasticizer; 0.01-0.05 parts of antioxidant; 0.01-0.05 parts of ultraviolet absorber; 0.01-0.05 parts of light stabilizer; and 0.02-0.06 parts of colorant.

[0019] Preferably, the sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of PVB resin II; 6-12 parts of plasticizer; 0.04-0.08 parts of antioxidant; 0.02-0.05 parts of ultraviolet absorber; and 0.02-0.05 parts of light stabilizer. More preferably, the sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-12 parts of PVB resin II; 8-10 parts of plasticizer; 0.04-0.06 parts of antioxidant; 0.02-0.05 parts of ultraviolet absorber; and 0.02-0.05 parts of light stabilizer.

[0020] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the sound insulation layer may further include a colorant, wherein the content of the colorant is 0-0.02 parts.

[0021] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer or in the second surface layer, the degree of polymerization of the PVB resin I is 1500-2000; more preferably, the degree of polymerization of the PVB resin I is 1500-1800.

[0022] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer or in the second surface layer, the hydroxyl content of the PVB resin I is 16-20 wt%; more preferably, the hydroxyl content of the PVB resin I is 17-19 wt%.

[0023] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer or in the second surface layer, the acetyl content of the PVB resin I is 0.1-2 wt%; more preferably, the acetyl content of the PVB resin I is 0.5-1.5 wt%.

[0024] Preferably, the degree of polymerization of the PVB resin II is 2000-2800; more preferably, the degree of polymerization of the PVB resin II is 2500-2700.

[0025] Preferably, the hydroxyl content of the PVB resin II is 10-14 wt%; more preferably, the hydroxyl content of the PVB resin II is 11-13 wt%.

[0026] Preferably, the acetyl content of the PVB resin II is 0.5-3 wt%; more preferably, the acetyl content of the PVB resin II is 0.5-1.5 wt%.

[0027] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer, the second surface layer, or the wedge-shaped gradient layer, the plasticizer includes at least one selected from phthalate, adipate, sebacic acid ester, triethylene glycol ester, and tetraethylene glycol ester; more preferably, the plasticizer is triethylene glycol diisooctanoate (3GO).

[0028] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer or in the second surface layer, the silane coupling agent includes at least one of silane coupling agents A-1123, A-2120, QKH-922, A-1170, and A-1130.

[0029] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer, the second surface layer, or the wedge-shaped gradient layer, the antioxidant is a mixture of hindered phenolic antioxidants and phosphite antioxidants.

[0030] Preferably, the hindered phenolic antioxidant includes at least one of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-methylphenol (BHT), β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate n-octadecyl alcohol ester (antioxidant 1076), pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate] (antioxidant 1010), N,N'-bis-(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionyl)hexamethylenediamine (antioxidant 1098), and triethylene glycol bis[β-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propionate] (antioxidant 245); more preferably, the hindered phenolic antioxidant is antioxidant 1010.

[0031] Preferably, the phosphite antioxidant includes at least one of diphenyl isooctyl phosphite (ODPP), tris[2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl] phosphite (antioxidant 168), bisphenol A phosphite, and triphenyl phosphite (TPP); more preferably, the phosphite antioxidant is antioxidant 168.

[0032] Preferably, the mass ratio of the hindered phenolic antioxidant to the phosphite antioxidant is 1:(0.5-1.5); more preferably, the mass ratio of the hindered phenolic antioxidant to the phosphite antioxidant is 1:(0.8-1.2).

[0033] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer, the second surface layer, or the wedge-shaped gradient layer, the ultraviolet absorber includes at least one of benzophenone, benzotriazole, and triazine ultraviolet absorbers; more preferably, the ultraviolet absorber includes at least one of 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole (UV-P), 2'-(2'-hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl-5'-methylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole (UV-326), 2-(2'-hydroxy-3',5'-di-tert-butylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole (UV-327), and 2-(2'-hydroxy-3',5'-di-tert-pentylphenyl)benzotriazole (UV-328); even more preferably, the ultraviolet absorber is UV-326.

[0034] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer, the second surface layer, or the wedge-shaped gradient layer, the light stabilizer includes a hindered amine light stabilizer; more preferably, the light stabilizer includes at least one of UV-3581, light stabilizer 744, light stabilizer 770, light stabilizer 944, and light stabilizer LA-63.

[0035] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer or in the second surface layer, the adhesion modifier includes at least one of an alkali metal salt and an alkaline earth metal salt; more preferably, the alkali metal salt includes at least one of potassium acetate, potassium formate, sodium acetate, and potassium 2-ethylhexanoate; and the alkaline earth metal salt includes at least one of magnesium acetate, magnesium formate, magnesium propionate, magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate, and magnesium 2-ethylhexanoate. Adding an adhesion modifier to the surface layer allows for control of the adhesion between the PVB film and the laminated glass.

[0036] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer, the second surface layer, or the wedge-shaped gradient layer, the colorant includes at least one of carbon black, anthraquinone dyes, pyrene dyes, ultramarine pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, quinacridone pigments, quinoline dyes, and azo pigments; more preferably, the colorant is a mixture of CI Pigment Red 122, CI Pigment Blue 15:2, and CI Pigment Black 7.

[0037] Preferably, in the sound insulation layer, the colorant comprises a mixture of CI Pigment Red 122, CI Pigment Blue 15:2 and CI Pigment Black 7.

[0038] Preferably, in the non-wedge gradient layer portion of the first surface layer, the second surface layer, or the wedge gradient layer, the mass ratio of CI pigment red 122, CI pigment blue 15:2, and CI pigment black 7 is 1:(1-2):(3-4).

[0039] Preferably, in the wedge-shaped gradient layer, the mass ratio of CI pigment red 122, CI pigment blue 15:2 and CI pigment black 7 is 1:(1.5-2):(1.5-2).

[0040] Preferably, in the sound insulation layer, the mass ratio of CI pigment red 122, CI pigment blue 15:2 and CI pigment black 7 is 1:(1-2):(3-4).

[0041] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer, the second surface layer, the wedge-shaped gradient layer, or the sound insulation layer may each independently include other additives.

[0042] Preferably, the other additives are used in an amount of 0-2 parts by weight.

[0043] Preferably, the other additives include one or more of the following: chelating agents, dispersants, flame retardants, antistatic agents, anti-whitening agents, moisture-resistant agents, foaming inhibitors, chain extenders, surfactants, fluorescent whitening agents, photochromic materials, and infrared absorbers.

[0044] The basic principles of this invention are explained as follows:

[0045] The dual-color gradient PVB film provided by this invention has a layered structure. By placing a sound-insulating layer between the first and second surface layers, the PVB film achieves sound insulation. A wedge-shaped gradient layer is placed in the first surface layer, causing the PVB film to exhibit a gradient color in the area containing this wedge-shaped gradient layer in the vertical structure. Because the wedge angle of the gradient layer is close to the center line of the width of the first surface layer, the color of the PVB film changes from light to dark from the wedge angle end to the non-wedge angle end (i.e., from the center line of the width to the edge of the PVB film). Since the width of this wedge-shaped gradient layer is less than half the total width of the PVB film and is located on one side of the center line, only a portion of the PVB film exhibits a gradient color; other areas can be customized by adjusting the type of colorant in the raw materials to form other colors. In other words, the dual-color gradient PVB film provided by this invention has a three- or four-layer structure in the area containing the wedge-shaped gradient layer in the vertical structure, and a three-layer structure in the area without the wedge-shaped gradient layer. Furthermore, the PVB film provided by this invention consists of a solid color area plus a gradient area of ​​the same solid color. By adjusting the type and amount of colorant, different areas of the PVB film can have different light transmittance.

[0046] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the two-color gradient PVB film described in the first aspect of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0047] The non-wedge gradient layer portion of the first surface layer and the raw materials for preparing the second surface layer are plasticized and mixed. The raw materials for preparing the wedge gradient layer are plasticized and mixed. The raw materials for preparing the sound insulation layer are plasticized and mixed. The mixture is then extruded using three extruders. The extruded material passes through a distributor to obtain the two-color gradient PVB film.

[0048] A third aspect of the present invention provides a laminated glass comprising the two-color gradient PVB film described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0049] Preferably, the laminated glass is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:

[0050] The aforementioned two-color gradient PVB film is prepared between two sheets of float glass with a thickness of 2-3 mm. After cold drawing for 25-35 minutes under a pressure of -0.1 to -0.09 MPa, the temperature and pressure are increased for 15-25 minutes to reach 1.0-1.4 MPa and 130-150℃. The temperature and pressure are maintained at a constant level for 30-50 minutes to obtain the laminated glass.

[0051] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides the application of the two-color gradient PVB film described in the first aspect of the present invention, or the laminated glass described in the third aspect, in the automotive field.

[0052] Preferably, the application specifically refers to: the application of the two-color gradient PVB film in the preparation of automotive glass roofs; or the use of laminated glass as automotive glass roofs.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0054] 1) The dual-color gradient PVB film provided by the present invention has a wedge-shaped gradient layer in the first surface layer, forming a design of a solid color area plus a gradient color area in appearance. The light transmittance of the solid color area is less than 25%, and the light transmittance of the dark part of the gradient color area is less than 5%. A sound insulation layer is set between the first surface layer and the second surface layer, so that the PVB film has sound insulation performance. The PVB film also has good flexibility and tensile strength.

[0055] 2) The dual-color gradient PVB film provided by the present invention can form films with different color combinations by adjusting the types of colorants in different functional layers, and is suitable for different occasions;

[0056] 3) The laminated glass provided by this invention has different light transmittance in different areas, good impact resistance, and high safety, which can meet the application requirements of the automotive field. When used as a car glass roof, it can provide sufficient light and a wide field of vision to the car interior, while also meeting the needs for sun protection and sound insulation, which can greatly improve the passenger's riding experience. Attached Figure Description

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the feed channel of the dispenser module during the preparation of a two-color gradient PVB film in an embodiment, where 1-channel A, 2-channel B, and 3-channel C;

[0058] Figure 2 This is a planar schematic diagram of the two-color gradient PVB film in Example 1;

[0059] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the two-color gradient PVB film in Example 1;

[0060] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a soundproofing testing room;

[0061] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the laminated glass corresponding to the two-color gradient PVB film in Example 1, used as a car roof. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials, reagents, or apparatus used in the embodiments and comparative examples are all available from conventional commercial sources or can be obtained by existing technical methods. Unless otherwise specified, the test or experimental methods are conventional methods in the art.

[0063] In the following examples and comparative examples, PVB resin I, which was used to prepare the surface layer of the two-color gradient PVB film, had a degree of polymerization of 1700, a hydroxyl content of 18.0 wt%, and an acetyl content of 1.0 wt%; and PVB resin II, which was used to prepare the sound insulation layer of the PVB film, had a degree of polymerization of 2600, a hydroxyl content of 12.0 wt%, and an acetyl content of 1.0 wt%.

[0064] Unless otherwise specified, the "parts" of raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples refer to parts by mass.

[0065] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the feed channel of the dispenser module during the preparation of a two-color gradient PVB film, as shown in the example. Figure 1 As can be seen, the dispenser module for preparing two-color gradient PVB film in the embodiment consists of flow channel A, flow channel B, and flow channel C. Flow channel A includes two flow channels. Flow channel A contains the plasticized compound material for the preparation of the first surface layer (non-wedge gradient layer) and the second surface layer, which are extruded using the first extruder. Flow channel B contains the plasticized compound material for the preparation of the wedge gradient layer, which is extruded using the second extruder. Flow channel C contains the plasticized compound material for the preparation of the sound insulation layer, which is extruded using the third extruder.

[0066] The two flow channels A contain materials for preparing the first surface layer (non-wedge gradient layer) and the second surface layer, respectively. That is, the raw materials and amounts used for preparing the first surface layer (non-wedge gradient layer) and the second surface layer are the same.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] This embodiment provides a two-color gradient PVB film. The raw materials and dosages used in its preparation are shown in Table 1.

[0069] Table 1. Raw materials and dosages used in the preparation of the two-color gradient PVB film in Example 1.

[0070]

[0071] The preparation method of two-color gradient PVB film is as follows:

[0072] The raw materials for the non-wedge gradient layer of the first surface layer and the preparation of the second surface layer are plasticized and mixed, and then extruded using a first extruder. The melt enters the flow channel A of the distributor module. The raw materials for the preparation of the wedge gradient layer are plasticized and mixed, and then extruded using a second extruder. The melt enters the flow channel B of the distributor module. The raw materials for the preparation of the sound insulation layer are plasticized and mixed, and then extruded using a third extruder. The melt enters the flow channel C of the distributor module. After extrusion through a die, the film is cooled and shaped in a water bath, moisture is controlled, and the edges are trimmed and wound up to obtain a 0.80mm thick PVB film.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] This embodiment provides a two-color gradient PVB film. The raw materials and dosages used in its preparation are shown in Table 2.

[0075] Table 2. Raw materials and dosages used in the preparation of the two-color gradient PVB film in Example 2.

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] The preparation method of two-color gradient PVB film is as follows:

[0079] The raw materials for the non-wedge gradient layer of the first surface layer and the preparation of the second surface layer are plasticized and mixed, and then extruded using a first extruder. The melt enters the flow channel A of the distributor module. The raw materials for the preparation of the wedge gradient layer are plasticized and mixed, and then extruded using a second extruder. The melt enters the flow channel B of the distributor module. The raw materials for the preparation of the sound insulation layer are plasticized and mixed, and then extruded using a third extruder. The melt enters the flow channel C of the distributor module. After extrusion through a die, the film is cooled and shaped in a water bath, moisture is controlled, and the edges are trimmed and wound up to obtain a 0.80mm thick PVB film.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] This embodiment provides a two-color gradient PVB film. The raw materials and dosages used in its preparation are shown in Table 3.

[0082] Table 3. Raw materials and dosages used in the preparation of the two-color gradient PVB film in Example 3.

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] The preparation method of two-color gradient PVB film is as follows:

[0086] The raw materials for the non-wedge gradient layer of the first surface layer and the preparation of the second surface layer are plasticized and mixed, and then extruded using a first extruder. The melt enters the flow channel A of the distributor module. The raw materials for the preparation of the wedge gradient layer are plasticized and mixed, and then extruded using a second extruder. The melt enters the flow channel B of the distributor module. The raw materials for the preparation of the sound insulation layer are plasticized and mixed, and then extruded using a third extruder. The melt enters the flow channel C of the distributor module. After extrusion through a die, the film is cooled and shaped in a water bath, moisture is controlled, and the edges are trimmed and wound up to obtain a 0.80mm thick PVB film.

[0087] Comparative Example 1

[0088] This comparative example provides a two-color gradient PVB film, which differs from Example 1 in that it does not contain a sound-insulating layer. The raw materials and amounts used are shown in Table 4.

[0089] Table 4 shows the raw materials and dosages used in the preparation of the two-color gradient PVB film in Comparative Example 1.

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] The preparation method of two-color gradient PVB film is as follows:

[0093] The raw materials for the non-wedge gradient layer of the first surface layer and the preparation of the second surface layer are plasticized and mixed, and then extruded using the first extruder. The melt enters the flow channel A of the distributor module. The raw materials for the preparation of the wedge gradient layer are plasticized and mixed, and then extruded using the second extruder. The melt enters the flow channel B of the distributor module. After extrusion through the die head, the film is cooled and shaped in a water bath, moisture is controlled, and the edges are trimmed and wound up to obtain a PVB film with a thickness of 0.70 mm.

[0094] Application Example 1

[0095] Laminated glass was prepared using the two-color gradient PVB film from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1, respectively, with the following steps:

[0096] PVB films from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 were prepared between two 2.5mm thick float glass sheets. After cold drawing for 30 minutes under a pressure of -0.09 to -0.1 MPa, the temperature and pressure were increased for 20 minutes to reach 1.2 MPa and 140°C. The temperature and pressure were maintained at a constant level for 40 minutes to obtain laminated glass.

[0097] Performance testing

[0098] 1) Tensile strength and elongation at break tests

[0099] Following the method in 6.10 of JG / T449-2014, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the two-color gradient PVB films in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 were tested using an electronic universal testing machine.

[0100] 2) Sound insulation test

[0101] Devices: sound level meter, power amplifier, loudspeaker, microphone

[0102] Test method: The laminated glass (including two-tone gradient PVB film, 1000×1000mm) from Application Example 1 was placed on the wall between the sound source chamber and the receiving chamber of the soundproofing laboratory, and the four sides were sealed with cement. After the cement hardened, the test could be carried out. Before the test, the air conditioner was turned on and the temperature was adjusted to between 20±3℃ and the humidity to between 35-85% for at least 48 hours. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a soundproofing testing room, showing the power amplifier, loudspeaker, and microphone arranged in... Figure 1 Connect and place the sound level meter, which is then connected to the power amplifier, microphone, and computer to measure the weighted sound insulation Rw of the laminated glass.

[0103] 3) Transmittance and haze detection

[0104] Apparatus: Transmittance / haze meter

[0105] Figure 2 This is a planar schematic diagram of the two-color gradient PVB film in Example 1. Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the two-color gradient PVB film in Example 1. Figure 2 and Figure 3As can be seen, the two-color gradient PVB film in Example 1 uses three colorants: CI Pigment Black 7, CI Pigment Blue 15:2, and CI Pigment Red 122. In the non-wedge gradient layer of the first surface layer and the second surface layer, the mass ratio of the three colorants is 4:2:1, and in the wedge gradient layer, the mass ratio is 2:2:1. The wedge gradient layer has one wedge angle with an angle of 0.99 mrad. In the planar schematic diagram, the area corresponding to the wedge gradient layer presents a gradient gray, with the gray color deepening from light to dark from the center line of the film width to the edge of the PVB film. The non-wedge gradient layer area presents a pure gray. The total width of the two-color gradient PVB film is greater than 1850 mm, the width of the gradient gray area is greater than 850 mm, and the width of the pure gray area is greater than 1000 mm. In Examples 2, 3 and Comparative Example 1, two-color gradient PVB films with the same color distribution were obtained. The laminated glass prepared in Application Example 1 also has a gray area A and a gradient gray area, with the gradient gray area containing a dark area B.

[0106] The transmittance and haze of the gray area A and the dark area B of the gradient gray laminated glass in Application Example 1 were measured on a transmittance / haze meter.

[0107] Table 5 shows the performance test results of the two-color gradient PVB films in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1, and the laminated glass in Application Example 1.

[0108]

[0109] Table 5 shows the test results of the two-tone gradient PVB films used in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1, as well as the laminated glass in Application Example 1. As can be seen from Table 5, the two-tone gradient PVB films prepared in Examples 1-3 have a maximum tensile strength of 25 MPa and an elongation at break greater than or equal to 220%. The PVB films exhibit good flexibility and tensile strength, making them suitable for preparing laminated glass, thus providing the glass with resistance to breakage when subjected to external impact. The laminated glass prepared using the two-tone gradient PVB films from Examples 1-3 achieves a maximum sound insulation of 33 dB. Compared to the PVB film and corresponding laminated glass in Comparative Example 1, the difference in the glass's resistance to breakage is not significant, but sound insulation performance is enhanced. The laminated glass in Application Example 1 has a gray area and a gradient gray area. The light transmittance of the gray area is less than 19% and the haze is less than or equal to 1.2%. The light transmittance of the dark area in the gradient gray area is less than 2% and the haze is less than or equal to 3.2%. It can be seen that the laminated glass is a dual-area design with a solid color and a gradient color, and different areas have different light transmittance. Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the laminated glass corresponding to the two-tone gradient PVB film in Example 1, used as a car roof. When this laminated glass is used as a car roof, it can make the interior of the car brighter and more transparent, provide a sunshade effect using the low light transmittance part, and also has sound insulation performance. It can provide passengers with a wide field of vision and excellent privacy protection, thus improving the riding experience.

Claims

1. A two-color gradient PVB film, characterized in that, The dual-color gradient PVB film includes a first surface layer, a sound insulation layer, and a second surface layer stacked together; in the first surface layer, a wedge-shaped gradient layer is contained on one side of the width centerline; the wedge angle of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is close to the width centerline of the first surface layer; The width of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is less than half the total width of the two-color gradient PVB film; The thickness of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is less than or equal to the thickness of the first surface layer; The dual-color gradient PVB film consists of a solid color area plus a gradient area of ​​the same solid color.

2. The two-color gradient PVB film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of wedge angles in the wedge-shaped gradient layer is ≥1; And / or, the wedge angle of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is <1.0 mrad; And / or, the total width of the PVB film is greater than 1850 mm; And / or, the width of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is greater than 850 mm and less than half of the total width of the two-color gradient PVB film.

3. The two-color gradient PVB film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total thickness of the two-color gradient PVB film is 0.76-0.85 mm; And / or, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 0.05-0.15 mm; And / or, the first surface layer and the second surface layer have the same thickness.

4. The two-color gradient PVB film according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer and the second surface layer each independently comprise the following parts by weight of the preparation raw materials: 90-110 parts of PVB resin I; Plasticizer 30-50 parts; Antioxidant 0.2-1 part; 0.1-1 part of ultraviolet absorber; Light stabilizer 0.1-1 part; Colorant 0.01-0.08 parts; 0.001-0.02 parts of silane coupling agent; Adhesion modifier 0.05-0.2 parts; Water 0.3-1.5 parts; And / or, the wedge-shaped gradient layer comprises the following parts by weight of the preparation raw materials: 12-16 parts of PVB resin I; Plasticizer 4-8 parts; Antioxidant 0.01-0.06 parts; 0.01-0.06 parts of ultraviolet absorber; Light stabilizer 0.01-0.08 parts; Colorant 0.02-0.08 parts; And / or, the sound insulation layer comprises the following parts by weight of raw materials for preparation: 10-15 parts of PVB resin II; Plasticizer 6-12 parts; Antioxidant 0.04-0.08 parts; 0.02-0.05 parts of ultraviolet absorber; Light stabilizer 0.02-0.05 parts.

5. The two-color gradient PVB film according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer or in the second surface layer, the degree of polymerization of the PVB resin I is 1500-2000; And / or, the hydroxyl content of the PVB resin I is 16-20 wt%; And / or, the acetyl content of the PVB resin I is 0.1-2 wt%.

6. The two-color gradient PVB film according to claim 4, characterized in that, The degree of polymerization of the PVB resin II is 2000-2800; And / or, the hydroxyl content of the PVB resin II is 10-14 wt%; And / or, the acetyl content of the PVB resin II is 0.5-3 wt%.

7. The two-color gradient PVB film according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer, the second surface layer, or the wedge-shaped gradient layer, the colorant includes at least one of carbon black, anthraquinone dyes, pyrene dyes, ultramarine pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, quinacridone pigments, quinoline dyes, and azo pigments.

8. The method for preparing a two-color gradient PVB film according to any one of claims 4-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The non-wedge gradient layer portion of the first surface layer and the raw materials for preparing the second surface layer are plasticized and mixed. The raw materials for preparing the wedge gradient layer are plasticized and mixed. The raw materials for preparing the sound insulation layer are plasticized and mixed. The mixture is then extruded using three extruders. The extruded material passes through a distributor to obtain the two-color gradient PVB film.

9. A laminated glass, characterized in that, Includes the two-color gradient PVB film as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. The application of the two-color gradient PVB film according to any one of claims 1-7, or the laminated glass according to claim 9, in the automotive field.

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