Impedance-based formation water breakthrough monitoring tool and method

Abstract

The present specification provides a drilling formation water production monitoring tool and a monitoring method based on impedance characterization, comprising: a main body, a measurement circuit board and a pair of electrode plates; the main body is arranged between the while-drilling measurement tool and the screw rod, the side wall of the main body is provided with a first cavity and a second cavity, a lead hole is vertically and throughly arranged in the main body, and a power line is introduced into the lead hole and electrically connected with the measurement circuit board; the measurement circuit board is fixed in the first cavity, and a first cover plate is arranged on the first cavity; the pair of electrode plates are fixed in the second cavity, a second cover plate is arranged on the second cavity, the second cover plate is in a hollow shape, and the pair of electrode plates are electrically connected with the measurement circuit board; the measurement circuit board is used for applying a zero-phase alternating current input signal to the pair of electrode plates, detecting the phase difference between the measured signal generated by the pair of electrode plates in the oil-based drilling fluid and the input signal; and further used for determining the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid by using the phase difference and a fitting formula, and transmitting to the ground through the while-drilling measurement tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of downhole measurement while drilling technology, and in particular to a tool and method for monitoring formation water production while drilling based on impedance characterization. Background Technology

[0002] In drilling engineering, oil-based drilling fluids offer numerous advantages, including good wellbore stability, excellent lubrication, high-temperature resistance, resistance to salt and calcium intrusion, and minimal damage to oil and gas reservoirs. Currently, oil-based drilling fluids have become a crucial tool for drilling challenging, high-temperature deep wells, highly deviated directional wells, horizontal wells, and various complex formations. With the continuous advancement of oil exploration and increasingly complex geological conditions, the application of oil-based drilling fluids is becoming more widespread. Although a certain proportion of water is added during the preparation of oil-based drilling fluids, if formation water mixes into the drilling fluid during drilling, excessive water can alter the density and emulsification properties of the oil-based drilling fluid, thereby increasing drilling risks.

[0003] When drilling with oil-based drilling fluids, the presence of formation water will inevitably alter the water cut of the fluid, thus changing its oil-water ratio. Therefore, monitoring the water cut of oil-based drilling fluids using the sintered solids method can evaluate its oil-water ratio. It is important to note that this method can only be performed in a surface laboratory; each time testing is required, samples must be taken from the ground and measured under specific experimental conditions. The sintered solids method for detecting water cut is complex to operate, cannot provide timely monitoring of oil-based drilling fluid performance, and cannot immediately reflect the water cut of the fluid. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the purpose of this specification is to provide a drilling formation water production monitoring tool and method based on impedance characterization, so as to solve the problem that the prior art cannot reflect the water content of oil-based drilling fluid in real time.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the specific technical solution in this specification is as follows:

[0006] On the one hand, this specification provides a drilling-while-drilling water production monitoring tool based on impedance characterization, including:

[0007] The main body, measuring circuit board, and a pair of electrode plates;

[0008] The main body is located between the drilling measurement tool and the screw. The side wall of the main body has a first cavity and a second cavity. A lead wire hole is vertically connected inside the main body. An electric power line is introduced into the lead wire hole and electrically connected to the measurement circuit board.

[0009] The measuring circuit board is fixed inside the first cavity, and a first cover plate is provided on the first cavity;

[0010] The pair of electrode plates are fixed inside the second cavity, and a second cover plate is provided on the second cavity. The second cover plate is hollow in shape, and the pair of electrode plates are electrically connected to the measuring circuit board.

[0011] The measurement circuit board is used to apply a zero-phase AC input signal to the pair of electrode plates, detect the phase difference between the measured signal generated by the pair of electrode plates in the oil-based drilling fluid and the input signal; it is also used to determine the water cut of the oil-based drilling fluid using the phase difference and a fitting formula, and transmit the result to the surface via the measurement while drilling tool.

[0012] As one embodiment of this specification, the measurement circuit board includes: a processing module, a power supply module, an oscillation module, a low-pass module, a filtering module, a rectification module, a sampling module, and a communication module;

[0013] The power supply module is used to receive the power supply signal sent by the power line, and to step down the power supply signal before sending it to the processing module, the oscillation module, the low-pass module, the filtering module, the rectifier module, the sampling module and the communication module;

[0014] The processing module is used to send an excitation signal to the oscillation module;

[0015] The oscillation module is used to generate a square wave and send it to the low-pass module;

[0016] The low-pass module is used to convert a square wave into a sine wave, and amplify the sine wave to generate the input signal, which is then sent to the filter module and the pair of electrode plates respectively. After receiving the input signal, the pair of electrode plates generate the measured signal in the oil-based drilling fluid.

[0017] The filtering module is used to filter noise from the input signal and the measured signal and send them to the rectification module.

[0018] The rectifier module is used to convert the input signal and the measured signal into DC form and send them to the sampling module;

[0019] The sampling module is used to sample the amplitude and phase of the input signal and the measured signal, and send them to the processing module;

[0020] The processing module is also used to calculate the phase difference between the input signal and the measured signal, and use the phase difference and the fitting formula to determine the water cut of the oil-based drilling fluid, and send it to the communication module.

[0021] The communication module is used to transmit the water content to the ground via the drilling measurement tool.

[0022] As one embodiment of this specification, the pair of electrode plates includes a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate;

[0023] The pair of electrode plates are electrically connected to the measurement circuit board via a pin module.

[0024] The pin module includes two high-temperature wires, two pins, and two pin sleeves;

[0025] One end of each of the two high-temperature wires is connected to the low-pass module to receive the input signal sent by the low-pass module, and the other end of each of the two high-temperature wires is connected to the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate respectively through pins;

[0026] Both the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are connected to the filtering module and send the measured signal to the filtering module.

[0027] As one embodiment of this specification, the measuring circuit board further includes a circuit temperature measuring device;

[0028] The circuit temperature measuring device is used to measure the circuit temperature of the measuring circuit board and send the data to the processing module.

[0029] After receiving the circuit temperature, the processing module switches between different fitting formulas to determine the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid.

[0030] As one embodiment of this specification, the measurement circuit board further includes a data storage module;

[0031] The data storage module is used to store the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid after receiving the storage instruction from the processing module.

[0032] As one embodiment of this specification, the measuring circuit board further includes a display module;

[0033] The display module is electrically connected to the data storage module and is used to display the moisture content stored in the data storage module.

[0034] As one embodiment of this specification, the main body is provided with sealing rings at both the upper and lower ends, and the internal material of the sealing rings is copper; the sealing ring at the upper end of the main body is connected to the drilling measurement tool; the sealing ring at the lower end of the main body is connected to the screw.

[0035] As one embodiment of this specification, flathead screws are also included;

[0036] The first cover plate and the second cover plate are respectively attached to the first cavity and the second cavity by the flat-head screws;

[0037] The first cavity and the second cavity are arranged vertically on the side wall of the main body.

[0038] As one embodiment of this specification, the first cover plate is a fully sealed shape;

[0039] The perforated shape of the second cover plate is interference-fitted with the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate so that the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate can penetrate the perforation of the second cover plate and contact the oil-based drilling fluid.

[0040] On the other hand, this specification also provides a method for monitoring formation water production during drilling based on impedance characterization, including:

[0041] Power is supplied to the measurement circuit board via a power line;

[0042] The measuring circuit board applies a zero-phase sinusoidal AC signal to a pair of electrode plates after stepping down the voltage.

[0043] The phase difference between the pair of electrode plates when they are in the oil-based drilling fluid is sampled, and the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid is calculated based on the phase difference and a preset fitting formula.

[0044] The water content of the oil-based drilling fluid is sent to the surface via a measurement-while-drilling tool.

[0045] By applying the above technical solution, a zero-phase AC input signal is applied to a pair of electrode plates. When the pair of electrode plates come into contact with the oil-based drilling fluid, the circuit of the electrode plates is changed, thereby changing the phase of the measured signal output by the electrode plates. By determining the phase difference between the measured signal and the input signal, the water cut of the oil-based drilling fluid is calculated using the phase difference and the fitting formula. Then, the result is transmitted to the surface in real time through the measurement while drilling tool, which can improve the real-time measurement of the water cut of the oil-based drilling fluid.

[0046] To make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this specification more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0047] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or prior art of this specification, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this specification. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0048] Figure 1 A top view of an impedance-based formation water monitoring tool according to an embodiment of this specification is shown.

[0049] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an impedance-based formation water monitoring tool according to an embodiment of this specification is shown.

[0050] Figure 3 A first schematic diagram of the measurement circuit board according to an embodiment of this specification is shown;

[0051] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the circuit circulation current in an embodiment of this specification is shown;

[0052] Figure 5 A second schematic diagram of the measurement circuit board according to an embodiment of this specification is shown;

[0053] Figure 6 A third schematic diagram of the measurement circuit board according to an embodiment of this specification is shown;

[0054] Figure 7 A fourth schematic diagram of the measurement circuit board according to an embodiment of this specification is shown;

[0055] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a drilling formation water monitoring method based on impedance characterization is shown in this specification.

[0056] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of this specification is shown.

[0057] Explanation of symbols in the attached drawings:

[0058] 1. Main body;

[0059] 2. Measure the circuit board;

[0060] 3. Lead wire hole;

[0061] 4. First cavity;

[0062] 5. First cover plate;

[0063] 6. Second cavity;

[0064] 7. Second cover plate;

[0065] 8. Flathead screws;

[0066] 9. Processing module;

[0067] 10. Power supply module;

[0068] 11. Oscillation module;

[0069] 12. Low-pass module;

[0070] 13. Filtering module;

[0071] 14. Rectifier module;

[0072] 15. Sampling module;

[0073] 16. Communication module;

[0074] 17. High-temperature conductors;

[0075] 18. Insert pin;

[0076] 19. Pin sleeve;

[0077] 20. First electrode plate;

[0078] 21. Second electrode plate;

[0079] 22. Circuit temperature measuring device;

[0080] 23. Data storage module;

[0081] 24. Display module;

[0082] 25. Sealing ring;

[0083] 902. Computer equipment;

[0084] 904, Processor;

[0085] 906. Memory;

[0086] 908. Drive mechanism;

[0087] 910. Input / Output Module;

[0088] 912. Input devices;

[0089] 914. Output devices;

[0090] 916. Presentation equipment;

[0091] 918. Graphical User Interface;

[0092] 920. Network interface;

[0093] 922. Communication link;

[0094] 924. Communication bus. Detailed Implementation

[0095] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this specification, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0096] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this specification, claims, and the foregoing drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, apparatus, product, or device that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0097] like Figure 1 The image shows a top view of a drilling-based formation water monitoring tool based on impedance characterization, and as shown... Figure 2 The cross-sectional view shown is of a drilling water production monitoring tool based on impedance characterization, including:

[0098] Main body 1, measuring circuit board 2, and a pair of electrode plates;

[0099] The main body 1 is located between the drilling measurement tool and the screw. The side wall of the main body 1 has a first cavity 4 and a second cavity 6. A lead wire hole 3 is vertically provided inside the main body 1. A power line is introduced into the lead wire hole 3 and electrically connected to the measurement circuit board 2.

[0100] The measuring circuit board 2 is fixed inside the first cavity 4, and the first cavity 4 is covered with a first cover plate 5;

[0101] The pair of electrode plates are fixed inside the second cavity 6. A second cover plate 7 is provided on the second cavity 6. The second cover plate 7 is hollow. The pair of electrode plates are electrically connected to the measuring circuit board 2.

[0102] The measurement circuit board 2 is used to apply a zero-phase AC input signal to the pair of electrode plates, detect the phase difference between the measured signal generated by the pair of electrode plates in the oil-based drilling fluid and the input signal; it is also used to determine the water cut of the oil-based drilling fluid using the phase difference and a fitting formula, and transmit the result to the surface via the measurement while drilling tool.

[0103] By applying the above technical solution, a zero-phase AC input signal is applied to a pair of electrode plates. When the pair of electrode plates come into contact with the oil-based drilling fluid, the circuit of the electrode plates is changed, thereby changing the phase of the measured signal output by the electrode plates. By determining the phase difference between the measured signal and the input signal, the water cut of the oil-based drilling fluid is calculated using the phase difference and the fitting formula. Then, the result is transmitted to the surface in real time through the measurement while drilling tool, which can improve the real-time measurement of the water cut of the oil-based drilling fluid.

[0104] In this specification, the main body 1 can be made of non-magnetic steel and is located between the measurement-while-drilling tool (MSWD) and the screw, with a length of approximately 2000 mm. The main body 1 has sealing rings 25 at both its upper and lower ends, with the inner material of the sealing rings 25 being copper. The upper sealing ring 25 of the main body 1 is connected to the MSWD, and the lower sealing ring 25 of the main body 1 is connected to the screw. When using the detection device described in this specification, the main body 1 is connected to the MSWD via the upper sealing ring 25, and the main body 1 is connected to the screw via the lower sealing ring 25. In existing technologies, the diameter of the drill bit is typically larger than that of the drill pipe, drill collar, and measurement while drilling (MWD) tool. Oil-based drilling fluid is injected underground from the surface into the drill pipe, passing sequentially through the MWD tool, drill collar, screw, and drill bit, and then diffuses outside the drill bit before gradually returning to the surface. Due to the long sections of deep and ultra-deep wells (approximately 5000 meters or more), testing the water cut of the oil-based drilling fluid near the screw requires waiting for the fluid to return to the wellhead, which can take several hours. Therefore, existing technologies lack timeliness and accuracy. This specification, however, uses a pair of electrode plates in the main body 1 to determine the phase change of the signal caused by different water cuts in the oil-based drilling fluid. Finally, the water cut of the oil-based drilling fluid is calculated using a fitting formula. The water cut is then transmitted to the surface via the MWD tool. Surface personnel collect the water cut data and perform inversion analysis on the environment surrounding the screw and drill bit to guide drilling operations.

[0105] In this specification, the measuring circuit board 2 is fixed in the first cavity 4 with high-temperature resistant adhesive. Since the measuring circuit board 2 needs to be kept dry, the first cover plate 5 needs to be waterproof. In this specification, the first cover plate 5 is a fully sealed shape. The measuring circuit board 2 is fixed in the first cavity 4 by the cooperation of the first cover plate 5 with the first cavity 4.

[0106] In this specification, a pair of electrode plates needs to contact the oil-based drilling fluid. The pair of electrode plates includes a first electrode plate 20 and a second electrode plate 21. The second cover plate 7 in this specification is perforated, and its perforation fits the first electrode plate 20 and the second electrode plate 21 with an interference fit, allowing the first electrode plate 20 and the second electrode plate 21 to penetrate the perforation of the second cover plate 7 and contact the oil-based drilling fluid. In this structure, the second cover plate 7 is used to fix the first electrode plate 20 and the second electrode plate 21 within the second cavity 6, preventing the electrode plates from detaching due to drill pipe vibration.

[0107] In this specification, the first cover plate 5 and the second cover plate 7 are respectively covered on the first cavity 4 and the second cavity 6 by the flat-head screws 8.

[0108] In a preferred embodiment, the first cavity 4 and the second cavity 6 are vertically arranged on the side wall of the main body 1.

[0109] like Figure 3 The first schematic diagram of the measurement circuit board shown is provided. The measurement circuit board 2 includes: a processing module 9, a power supply module 10, an oscillation module 11, a low-pass module 12, a filtering module 13, a rectification module 14, a sampling module 15, and a communication module 16.

[0110] The power module 10 receives the power supply signal transmitted from the power line, and after stepping down the power supply signal, sends it to the processing module 9, the oscillation module 11, the low-pass module 12, the filtering module 13, the rectifier module 14, the sampling module 15, and the communication module 16. During on-site drilling, the power module 10 is supplied with 36V DC power via a single bus (one wire serves as both power supply and signal transmission). The power module 10 then steps down the 36V to 5V and sends it to the other modules.

[0111] The processing module 9 is used to send an excitation signal to the oscillation module 11. In this specification, the excitation signal is generated by the processing module 9, and the excitation signal can be a square wave, a pulse wave, or a triangular wave, which is not limited here.

[0112] The oscillation module 11 is used to generate a square wave and send it to the low-pass module 12;

[0113] The low-pass module 12 is used to convert a square wave into a sine wave, and amplify the sine wave to generate the input signal, which is then sent to the filter module 13 and the pair of electrode plates respectively. After receiving the input signal, the pair of electrode plates generate the measured signal in the oil-based drilling fluid. The low-pass module 12 applies a 1V, 500kHz zero-phase sine wave input signal to the first electrode plate 20.

[0114] The filtering module 13 is used to filter noise from the input signal and the measured signal and send them to the rectifier module 14. During this process, the drill rod inevitably vibrates during the rotation of the screw, generating sharp burrs in the signal. Therefore, if it is not filtered, the processing module 9 will receive a relatively discrete signal, which is not conducive to signal processing.

[0115] The rectifier module 14 is used to convert the input signal and the measured signal into DC form and send them to the sampling module 15; in this specification, the AC input and measured signals are not easy to calculate, so rectification is required.

[0116] The sampling module 15 is used to sample the amplitude and phase of the input signal and the measured signal, and send them to the processing module 9;

[0117] The processing module 9 is also used to calculate the phase difference between the input signal and the measured signal, and use the phase difference and the fitting formula to determine the water cut of the oil-based drilling fluid, and send it to the communication module 16.

[0118] The communication module 16 is used to transmit the water content to the surface via the measurement while drilling (MWD) tool. In this specification, the communication module 16 can be made using a 485 chip, and uses a motor cable to transmit signals to the MWD tool for data transmission.

[0119] In this manual, the measured signal obtained by a pair of electrode plates through oil-based drilling fluid needs to be sent to the measurement circuit board 2. Therefore, the pin module in this manual is required for signal transmission.

[0120] The pair of electrode plates are electrically connected to the measurement circuit board 2 via a pin module.

[0121] The pin module includes two high-temperature wires 17, two pins 18, and two pin sleeves 19;

[0122] One end of each of the two high-temperature wires 17 is connected to the low-pass module 12 to receive the input signal sent by the low-pass module 12, and the other end of each of the two high-temperature wires 17 is connected to the first electrode plate 20 and the second electrode plate 21 respectively through the pin 18.

[0123] Both the first electrode plate 20 and the second electrode plate 21 are connected to the filter module 13 and send the measured signal to the filter module 13.

[0124] like Figure 4The circuit loop diagram shown illustrates that, when using the circuit, a resistor is usually added to protect the circuit and the output signal. Therefore, this specification adds a first resistor between the low-pass module 12 and the first electrode plate 20. The output signal of the low-pass module 12 first passes through the first resistor, at which point the potential Vsine on the first resistor is a zero-phase sinusoidal AC signal (output signal). Then, the filter module 13 receives the output signal from the first resistor and sends it to the processing module 9 through the rectifier module 14 and the sampling module 15. At this time, the processing module 9 receives the zero-phase sinusoidal AC signal (output signal) and records it. Simultaneously, the first resistor can also send the output signal to the first electrode plate 20 through the first pin in the pin 18. When in a vacuum or without a dielectric, because the first electrode plate 20 is isolated from the second electrode plate 21, the output signal cannot be transmitted to the second electrode plate 21. When the oil-based drilling fluid simultaneously contacts the first electrode plate 20 and the second electrode plate 21, it is equivalent to a resistive wire connecting the first electrode plate 20 and the second electrode plate 21. Experiments have shown that the higher the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid, the greater the impedance of the equivalent wire. Therefore, the output signal is sent to the second resistor through the first electrode plate 20, the second electrode plate 21, and the second pin of the pin 18. At this time, the potential Vshift on the second resistor is the measured signal. Since the output signal passes through the oil-based drilling fluid with impedance, the phase of the output signal is changed and becomes the measured signal. Therefore, the filtering module 13 receives the measured signal on the second resistor and sends it to the processing module 9 through the rectifier module 14 and the sampling module 15.

[0125] Processing module 9 calculates the phase difference between the input signal and the measured signal, uses the phase difference and a fitting formula to determine the water cut of the oil-based drilling fluid, and sends it to the communication module 16.

[0126] Specifically, since the temperature rises by 2.5°C for every 100 meters the screw penetrates underground, the fitting formula is closely related to the current ambient temperature in some cases. Therefore, several fitting formulas are provided in the processing module 9.

[0127] like Figure 5 The second schematic diagram of the measuring circuit board shown is an embodiment of this specification. The measuring circuit board 2 further includes a circuit temperature measuring device 22.

[0128] The circuit temperature measuring device 22 is used to measure the circuit temperature of the measuring circuit board 2 and send the data to the processing module 9;

[0129] After receiving the circuit temperature, the processing module 9 switches between different fitting formulas to determine the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid.

[0130] This manual can use the fitting formula corresponding to the range of 6000 meters underground (pressure resistance 138Mpa, temperature resistance 150℃) for calculation. The fitting formula in this manual is obtained by computer calculation based on a large amount of data. For example, y=-1.709ln(x)+16.036, where x is the water content and y is the phase difference, as shown in Table 1.

[0131] Table 1 Relationship between moisture content and phase difference

[0132] 1 15.9 7.25 25 11.6 14.87 40 8.8 18.51

[0133] As shown in the table, when the impedance of the oil-based drilling fluid is 7.25, it can change the phase of the zero-phase sinusoidal AC signal by 15.9 degrees, corresponding to a water cut of 1% in the oil-based drilling fluid; when the impedance of the oil-based drilling fluid is 14.87, it can change the phase of the zero-phase sinusoidal AC signal by 11.6 degrees, corresponding to a water cut of 25% in the oil-based drilling fluid; and when the impedance of the oil-based drilling fluid is 18.51, it can change the phase of the zero-phase sinusoidal AC signal by 8.8 degrees, corresponding to a water cut of 40% in the oil-based drilling fluid. In subsequent measurements, by measuring the phase difference of the oil-based drilling mud, the change in the water cut of the oil-based drilling mud can be inferred, enabling real-time monitoring of formation water production.

[0134] like Figure 6 The third schematic diagram of the measurement circuit board shown is an embodiment of this specification. In order to ensure the accuracy of the data, in some emergency situations, if the MWD transmission fails, it is necessary to record the current water content of the formation. Therefore, the measurement circuit board 2 described in this specification also includes a data storage module 23.

[0135] The data storage module 23 is used to store the water cut of the oil-based drilling fluid after receiving the storage instruction from the processing module 9. If MWD transmission fails, the current water cut can be reproduced through the data storage block for the construction personnel to replicate.

[0136] like Figure 7 The fourth schematic diagram of the measuring circuit board shown is an embodiment of this specification. Since the data storage module 23 in this specification transmits data through the processing module 9 at a low rate, the measuring circuit board 2 in this specification also includes a display module 24.

[0137] The display module 24 is electrically connected to the data storage module 23 and is used to display the moisture content stored in the data storage module 23.

[0138] By directly reading data from the data storage module 23 through the display module 24, the data transmission rate can be greatly improved.

[0139] like Figure 8The schematic diagram shown illustrates a method for monitoring formation water production during drilling based on impedance characterization, including:

[0140] Step 801: Power supply is supplied to the measurement circuit board via the power line;

[0141] Step 802: After the measurement circuit board reduces the voltage, it applies a zero-phase sinusoidal AC signal to a pair of electrode plates;

[0142] Step 803: Sample the phase difference of the pair of electrode plates when they are in the oil-based drilling fluid, and calculate the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid based on the phase difference and a preset fitting formula;

[0143] Step 804: The water content of the oil-based drilling fluid is sent to the surface via a measurement-while-drilling tool.

[0144] By applying the above technical solution, a zero-phase AC input signal is applied to a pair of electrode plates. When the pair of electrode plates come into contact with the oil-based drilling fluid, the circuit of the electrode plates is changed, thereby changing the phase of the measured signal output by the electrode plates. By determining the phase difference between the measured signal and the input signal, the water cut of the oil-based drilling fluid is calculated using the phase difference and the fitting formula. Then, the result is transmitted to the surface in real time through the measurement while drilling tool, which can improve the real-time measurement of the water cut of the oil-based drilling fluid.

[0145] like Figure 9 As shown, an embodiment of this specification provides a computer device that runs a method for monitoring formation water production while drilling based on impedance characterization as described in this specification. The computer device 902 may include one or more processors 904, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs), each of which can implement one or more hardware threads. The computer device 902 may also include any memory 906 for storing information of any kind, such as code, settings, data, etc. Non-limitingly, for example, the memory 906 may include any type of RAM, any type of ROM, flash memory, hard disk, optical disk, etc. More generally, any memory can use any technology to store information. Furthermore, any memory can provide volatile or non-volatile retention of information. Furthermore, any memory can represent a fixed or removable component of the computer device 902. In one case, when the processor 904 executes associated instructions stored in any memory or combination of memories, the computer device 902 can perform any operation of the associated instructions. The computer device 902 also includes one or more drive mechanisms 908 for interacting with any memory, such as a hard disk drive mechanism, an optical disk drive mechanism, etc.

[0146] Computer device 902 may also include an input / output module 910 (I / O) for receiving various inputs (via input device 912) and providing various outputs (via output device 914). A specific output mechanism may include a presentation device 916 and an associated graphical user interface (GUI) 918. In other embodiments, the input / output module 910 (I / O), input device 912, and output device 914 may be omitted, and the device may function solely as a computer device within a network. Computer device 902 may also include one or more network interfaces 920 for exchanging data with other devices via one or more communication links 922. One or more communication buses 924 couple the components described above together.

[0147] Communication link 922 can be implemented in any way, such as via a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN) (e.g., the Internet), a point-to-point connection, or any combination thereof. Communication link 922 may include any combination of hardwired links, wireless links, routers, gateway functions, name servers, etc., governed by any protocol or combination of protocols.

[0148] Corresponding to Figure 8 In addition to the methods described above, embodiments of this specification also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the methods described above.

[0149] This specification also provides computer-readable instructions, wherein when a processor executes the instructions, the program therein causes the processor to perform the following... Figure 8 The method shown.

[0150] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this specification, the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this specification.

[0151] It should also be understood that, in the embodiments of this specification, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this specification generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0152] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this specification can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of each example have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this specification.

[0153] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0154] In the several embodiments provided in this specification, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the couplings or direct couplings or communication connections shown or discussed may be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices, or units, or they may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms of connection.

[0155] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiments described in this specification, depending on actual needs.

[0156] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this specification can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0157] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this specification, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this specification. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0158] This specification uses specific embodiments to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this specification. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this specification. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this specification. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this specification.

Claims

1. A drilling-while-drilling formation water monitoring tool based on impedance characterization, characterized in that, include: The main body, the measuring circuit board, and a pair of electrode plates; The main body is located between the drilling measurement tool and the screw. The side wall of the main body has a first cavity and a second cavity. A lead wire hole is vertically connected inside the main body. An electric power line is introduced into the lead wire hole and electrically connected to the measurement circuit board. The measuring circuit board is fixed inside the first cavity, and a first cover plate is provided on the first cavity; The pair of electrode plates are fixed inside the second cavity, and a second cover plate is provided on the second cavity. The second cover plate is hollow in shape, and the pair of electrode plates are electrically connected to the measuring circuit board. The measurement circuit board includes a processing module, a power supply module, an oscillation module, a low-pass module, a filtering module, a rectification module, a sampling module, and a communication module. It is used to apply a zero-phase AC input signal to the pair of electrode plates, detect the phase difference between the measured signal generated by the pair of electrode plates within the oil-based drilling fluid and the input signal, and further to determine the water cut of the oil-based drilling fluid using the phase difference and a fitting formula, and transmit the result to the surface via the measurement-while-drilling tool. After the pair of electrode plates come into contact with the oil-based drilling fluid, the circuit of the pair of electrode plates is changed, thereby changing the phase of the measured signal output by the pair of electrode plates. The measuring circuit board also includes a circuit temperature measuring device; The circuit temperature measuring device is used to measure the circuit temperature of the measuring circuit board and send the data to the processing module. After receiving the circuit temperature, the processing module switches between different fitting formulas to determine the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid.

2. The drilling-based formation water monitoring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply module is used to receive the power supply signal sent by the power line, and to step down the power supply signal before sending it to the processing module, the oscillation module, the low-pass module, the filtering module, the rectifier module, the sampling module and the communication module; The processing module is used to send an excitation signal to the oscillation module; The oscillation module is used to generate a square wave and send it to the low-pass module; The low-pass module is used to convert a square wave into a sine wave, and amplify the sine wave to generate the input signal, which is then sent to the filter module and the pair of electrode plates respectively. After receiving the input signal, the pair of electrode plates generate the measured signal in the oil-based drilling fluid. The filtering module is used to filter noise from the input signal and the measured signal and send them to the rectification module. The rectifier module is used to convert the input signal and the measured signal into DC form and send them to the sampling module; The sampling module is used to sample the amplitude and phase of the input signal and the measured signal, and send them to the processing module; The processing module is also used to calculate the phase difference between the input signal and the measured signal, and use the phase difference and the fitting formula to determine the water cut of the oil-based drilling fluid, and send it to the communication module. The communication module is used to transmit the water content to the ground via the drilling measurement tool.

3. The drilling-based formation water monitoring tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pair of electrode plates includes a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate; The pair of electrode plates are electrically connected to the measurement circuit board via a pin module. The pin module includes two high-temperature wires, two pins, and two pin sleeves; One end of each of the two high-temperature wires is connected to the low-pass module to receive the input signal sent by the low-pass module, and the other end of each of the two high-temperature wires is connected to the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate respectively through pins; Both the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are connected to the filtering module and send the measured signal to the filtering module.

4. The drilling-based formation water monitoring tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The measurement circuit board also includes a data storage module; The data storage module is used to store the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid after receiving the storage instruction from the processing module.

5. The drilling-based formation water monitoring tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The measurement circuit board also includes a display module; The display module is electrically connected to the data storage module and is used to display the moisture content stored in the data storage module.

6. The drilling-based formation water monitoring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body is provided with sealing rings at both the top and bottom ends, and the internal material of the sealing rings is copper; the sealing ring at the top end of the main body is connected to the drilling measurement tool; the sealing ring at the bottom end of the main body is connected to the screw.

7. The drilling-based formation water monitoring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes flathead screws; The first cover plate and the second cover plate are respectively attached to the first cavity and the second cavity by the flat-head screws; The first cavity and the second cavity are arranged vertically on the side wall of the main body.

8. The drilling water production monitoring tool based on impedance characterization according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first cover plate is a fully sealed shape; The perforated shape of the second cover plate is interference-fitted with the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate so that the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate can penetrate the perforation of the second cover plate and contact the oil-based drilling fluid.

9. A method for monitoring formation water production while drilling based on impedance characterization, characterized in that... An impedance-based formation water monitoring tool for any one of claims 1-8, comprising: Power is supplied to the measurement circuit board via power lines; The measuring circuit board applies a zero-phase sinusoidal AC signal to a pair of electrode plates after stepping down the voltage. The phase difference of the pair of electrode plates when they are in the oil-based drilling fluid is sampled, and the water cut of the oil-based drilling fluid is calculated based on the phase difference and a preset fitting formula. When the pair of electrode plates comes into contact with the oil-based drilling fluid, the circuit of the pair of electrode plates is changed, thereby changing the phase of the measured signal output by the pair of electrode plates. The circuit temperature of the measuring circuit board is measured, and different fitting formulas are switched based on the circuit temperature to determine the water cut of the oil-based drilling fluid. The water content of the oil-based drilling fluid is sent to the surface via a measurement-while-drilling tool.

Images