A simulated bomb for rapid combustion testing

Abstract

This invention provides a simulated projectile for rapid combustion testing, comprising a simulated projectile casing and an electric heating element mounted on the casing to provide a thermal load. The simulated projectile is directly heated by the electric heating element mounted on the casing, converting electrical energy into heat energy, replacing expensive fuel oil. Furthermore, the electric heating element does not produce smoke, does not affect the test personnel or the precision instruments and equipment in the laboratory, and does not affect the reusability of the simulated projectile. The device has a simple structure and is easy to operate, providing a simple, clean, and stable thermal load for rapid combustion testing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dummy bullets, and more particularly to a simulated bullet for rapid combustion tests. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of modern warfare technology, the application of various weapons and ammunition is increasing. In modern warfare, ammunition is generally stored in specific storage compartments. However, if the storage compartment catches fire accidentally, the large amount of heat load caused by the fire may cause a chain explosion of ammunition. Therefore, the thermal response mechanism of ammunition under high temperature environment is an important issue that continues to be of concern to those skilled in the art.

[0003] Rapid combustion tests on ammunition are a conventional and effective method for examining the thermal response mechanism of ammunition under thermal load. By using a pre-set heating source, live ammunition is subjected to combustion to study the thermal response mechanism of the test projectile at different temperatures. Current rapid combustion tests generally use an oil bath as the ignition source, igniting fuel in the oil bath and subjecting the live ammunition to either suspension or support for combustion. However, the flame of an oil bath is greatly affected by the environment; factors such as air and wind can cause flame deviation, resulting in significant instability in the thermal load input.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN113804818B discloses a rapid combustion test device for warheads. This device uses a combustion pool filled with fuel oil to conduct rapid combustion tests on live ammunition. The device includes an auxiliary unit that remotely replenishes or discharges fuel oil to control the combustion liquid level, thereby controlling the relative height between the combustion liquid level and the live ammunition. The device also provides a winch assembly to control the lifting height of the live ammunition, adjusting the height between the live ammunition and the combustion liquid level. By controlling the relative height between the combustion liquid level and the live ammunition through these two devices, the flame on the combustion liquid level can stably input heat load onto the live ammunition. The device also incorporates a windbreak structure to restrict airflow around the combustion pool, stabilizing the flame and ensuring the stability of the heat load input from the combustion pool. This solves the problem of unstable heat load input from the combustion pool flame.

[0005] However, the heating scheme has problems. The flue gas produced by fuel combustion forms a carbonized layer on the shell of the live ammunition, which requires a lot of cleaning work before the live ammunition can be repeated. In addition, the flue gas contains a lot of solid particulate matter, which may affect the test personnel and the precision instruments and equipment near the laboratory. Moreover, in order to control the relative height of the fuel pool fire to the live ammunition to be constant, the device provides a variety of balance compensation methods and a complex fuel surface flame control structure. Adjusting the combustion liquid level and the height of the live ammunition through the above methods and structures all require manual assistance, which is complicated and increases the complexity of the rapid combustion experiment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a simulated projectile for rapid combustion testing. The simulated projectile is equipped with an electric heating element, which allows for simpler, cleaner, and more stable heating of the simulated projectile for rapid combustion testing. This solves the problems of unclean products generated by fuel oil ignition sources and the complexity of using fuel oil ignition sources to provide heat load in existing rapid combustion testing technologies.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a simulated projectile for a rapid combustion test, comprising a simulated projectile casing and a heat insulation layer, the heat insulation layer being in close contact with the inner surface of the simulated projectile casing; an internal cavity for filling filler is provided inside the heat insulation layer; and an electric heating element for providing thermal load is provided on the simulated projectile casing.

[0008] Furthermore, the simulated missile casing is provided with a mounting slot for installing an electric heating element, which is installed in the mounting slot on the simulated missile casing.

[0009] Furthermore, there are multiple sets of electric heating elements arranged axially on the simulated projectile casing, with each set consisting of multiple elements arranged circumferentially on the simulated projectile casing.

[0010] Furthermore, taking a cross-section through the axis of the simulated projectile casing as a reference, one side of this cross-section is defined as the upper half of the projectile's internal cavity, and the other side as the lower half. The heating power of the same group of electric heating elements on the simulated projectile casing gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0011] Furthermore, along the axial direction of the simulated projectile casing, the heating power of each group of electric heating elements gradually decreases from the middle to both ends.

[0012] Furthermore, the electric heating element is specifically a resistance temperature detector (RTD), and the resistance wire of the RTD is a carbon fiber resistance wire.

[0013] Furthermore, the projectile cavity is filled with explosive simulation filler to replace the explosive, and the density, heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the explosive simulation filler are less than 15% different from those of real explosives; the projectile cavity is also equipped with a temperature sensor to detect the temperature of the projectile cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, multiple temperature sensors are arranged inside the missile's internal cavity, with these sensors positioned along the axial direction of the simulated missile.

[0015] Furthermore, multiple temperature sensors are evenly arranged along the axial direction.

[0016] Furthermore, taking a cross-section through the axis of the simulated projectile casing as a reference, one side of this cross-section is defined as the upper half of the projectile's internal cavity, and the other side as the lower half. Temperature sensors are all arranged in the lower half of the projectile's internal cavity.

[0017] Furthermore, the temperature sensors in the same group include a central sensor located on the axis of the simulated cartridge case, and peripheral sensors arranged in a semi-circle with the central sensor as the center point.

[0018] Furthermore, the peripheral sensors consist of multiple groups, all arranged concentrically.

[0019] Furthermore, the axial projections of the temperature sensors in each group coincide.

[0020] Furthermore, the temperature sensor is a thermocouple.

[0021] Furthermore, the explosive simulation filler is a mixture made by adding sugar and salt granules to molten paraffin and casting it.

[0022] Beneficial effects: This invention innovatively provides a simulated projectile for rapid combustion testing, comprising a simulated projectile shell and a heat insulation layer. The heat insulation layer is tightly attached to the inner surface of the simulated projectile shell, and an internal cavity for filling the projectile is provided inside the heat insulation layer. An electric heating element for inputting thermal load onto the simulated projectile is provided on the simulated projectile shell. The simulated projectile is directly heated by the electric heating element installed on the simulated projectile shell, converting electrical energy into heat energy, replacing expensive fuel oil. Heating with electric heating elements does not produce smoke, does not affect the test personnel or the precision instruments and equipment in the laboratory, does not affect the reusability of the simulated projectile, and allows for precise control of the thermal load. The heating method of the simulated projectile for rapid combustion testing is simple and easy to operate, solving the problem that oil pool fire cannot provide a simple, clean, and stable thermal load in the rapid combustion test of the prior art. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the electric heating elements in a simulated bomb used for rapid combustion tests; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view perpendicular to the axis of the simulated projectile at the location where the electric heating element is installed for the rapid combustion test; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of temperature sensors in a simulated bomb used for rapid combustion tests. Figure 4 A cross-sectional view perpendicular to the axis of the simulated projectile at the location where the temperature sensor is installed in the simulated projectile used for rapid combustion tests; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an active self-heating device.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Insulation layer; 2. Explosive simulated filler; 3. Warhead filler; 4. Simulated warhead base plate inner hexagon; 5. Simulated warhead base plate; 6. Simulated warhead casing; 601. Electric heating element; 8. Temperature sensor; 81. Center sensor; 82. Peripheral sensor; 9. Warhead internal cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0026] The principle of this invention is that by installing an electric heating element on the outer shell of the simulated projectile, the simulated projectile is heated. The electric heating element converts electrical energy into heat load and inputs it to the simulated projectile without producing unclean products. Moreover, the electric heating element is set on the outer shell of the simulated projectile, and the simulated projectile can be heated simply by turning on the power. The operation is simple and the heat load input is uniform.

[0027] Based on the above principles and concepts, the present invention provides various embodiments of a simulated bomb for rapid combustion tests for further explanation.

[0028] In a basic embodiment, such as Figure 1 The provided embodiment includes a simulated projectile for a rapid combustion test, comprising a simulated projectile casing 6 and a heat insulation layer 1. The heat insulation layer 1 is in close contact with the inner surface of the simulated projectile casing 6 to simulate the structure of a live projectile. The heat insulation layer 1 is provided with a projectile cavity 9 for filling with explosive simulated filler 2. An electric heating element 601 is provided on the simulated projectile casing 6 for inputting thermal load to the simulated projectile.

[0029] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment, the electric heating element 601 is circumferentially surrounding the surface of the simulated projectile casing 6. This arrangement of the electric heating element 601 may result in damage during the handling of the simulated projectile. In a more preferred embodiment, such as... Figure 1 In the provided embodiment, the simulated missile casing 6 is provided with a mounting groove for mounting an electric heating element 601. The electric heating element 601 is mounted in the mounting groove on the simulated missile casing 6, which can protect the electric heating element 601. Moreover, the electric heating element 601 in the mounting groove has a larger contact area with the simulated missile casing 6, resulting in higher heat conduction efficiency.

[0030] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment, the mounting slots on the simulated projectile casing 6 are uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the simulated projectile casing 6. However, the main heat-affected part of the projectile in a fire environment is at and near the bottom end of the projectile in contact with the ground. Therefore, such uniformly arranged mounting slots cannot accurately simulate the heat-affected part of the projectile in a fire environment after the installation of electric heating elements. In a more preferred embodiment, such as... Figure 1In the provided embodiment, a total of 10 groups of electric heating elements 601 are provided and arranged along the axial direction of the simulated projectile casing 6. Each group has 8 electric heating elements 601, and the electric heating elements 601 in the same group are arranged in the circumferential direction of the simulated projectile casing 6.

[0031] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment, the electric heating elements 601 in the same group have the same power and model. The heating power of the group of electric heating elements at different positions on the circumference of the simulated projectile casing 6 is controlled by switching the power supply on and off at different positions of the electric heating elements 601. In another embodiment, such as Figure 1 The provided embodiment takes a cross-section through the axis of the simulated projectile casing as a reference, defining one side of the cross-section as the upper half of the projectile's internal cavity and the other side as the lower half. Eight electric heating elements 601 of different sizes are arranged in the same group of electric heating elements 601, arranged in the circumferential direction of the cross-section of the simulated projectile casing 6. The size of the electric heating elements 601 gradually decreases from the lower half to the upper half of the simulated projectile casing 6, and the heating power gradually decreases. This simplifies the operation process, eliminating the need to individually control the power supply of individual electric heating elements 601 in the same group.

[0032] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment, multiple sets of electric heating elements 601 are uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the simulated projectile casing 6; in a more preferred embodiment, such as... Figure 1 In the provided embodiment, in the axial direction of the simulated projectile casing 6, the volume of the mounting groove gradually decreases from the middle to both ends of the simulated projectile casing 6, and the volume of the electric heating element 601 installed in the mounting groove decreases accordingly, and the heating power gradually decreases. Since in a real fire environment, the heated area of ​​the middle part of the live projectile along the axial direction is the largest, and the heated area near the two ends of the live projectile gradually decreases, the electric heating element 601 arranged in this way can better simulate the heating situation of the live projectile in a fire environment.

[0033] Based on the above embodiments, such as Figure 1 In the provided embodiment, the electric heating element 601 uses a resistance temperature detector (RTD), and the resistance wire of the RTD is made of carbon fiber resistance wire, which has a long lifespan, high flexibility, and good insulation properties. In another embodiment, a metal resistance wire is used as the resistance wire of the RTD.

[0034] Based on the above embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3In the provided embodiment, the inner cavity 9 of the projectile is filled with explosive simulation filler 2 to replace the explosive. The density, heat capacity, and thermal conductivity of the explosive simulation filler 2 are less than 15% different from those of real explosives. A temperature sensor 8 is also installed in the inner cavity 9 of the projectile to detect the temperature of the inner cavity 9 of the projectile. Since the explosive simulation filler 2 is used to replace the real explosive, the simulated projectile can more accurately measure the temperature data inside the inner cavity 9 of the simulated projectile without exploding, and better simulate the heating and temperature rise of the live projectile.

[0035] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment, temperature sensors 8 are arranged in a spiral pattern within the internal cavity 9 of the projectile, thus providing multiple temperature data points at a certain radial position within the internal cavity 9 of the projectile. In one embodiment, such as... Figure 3 In the provided embodiment, 11 sets of temperature sensors 8 are arranged along the axial direction of the simulated projectile. The 11 sets of temperature sensors 8 arranged along the axial direction of the simulated projectile inside the explosive simulated filler 2 can better reflect the heating mechanism of the explosive simulated filler 2 and the inner cavity 9 of the projectile under thermal load, and better simulate the burning situation of the live projectile.

[0036] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment, the multiple sets of temperature sensors 8 are installed with gradually increasing spacing from the center to both ends along the axial direction of the simulated projectile; in another embodiment, such as Figure 3 In the provided embodiment, multiple sets of temperature sensors 8 are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the simulated projectile. The installation method of the temperature sensors 8 arranged in this way is simple and easy to operate manually.

[0037] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment, a cross-section passing through the axis of the simulated projectile casing is used as a reference. One side of this cross-section is defined as the upper half of the projectile's internal cavity, and the other side as the lower half. Temperature sensors 8 are arranged in both the upper and lower halves of the projectile's internal cavity 9. Since the main heat-affected parts of a live projectile in a fire environment are concentrated in the lower half of the projectile, installing an equal number of temperature sensors 8 in the upper half of the projectile's internal cavity 9 as in the lower half has little practical value. In an optimized embodiment, such as... Figure 4 In the provided embodiment, the same set of temperature sensors 8 is arranged only in the lower half of the internal cavity 9 of the projectile.

[0038] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment, the temperature sensors 8 in the same group include a central sensor 81 and peripheral sensors 82 located on the axis of the simulated projectile casing 6. The peripheral sensors 82 are arranged in a semi-circle with the central sensor 81 as the center point. In order to acquire temperature data at more points in the radial direction, the peripheral sensors 82 have multiple groups, and each group is distributed in a concentric circle. Figure 4For example, the peripheral sensors 82 are arranged in three groups. The diameter of the concentric circles in the three groups gradually increases along the axis of the simulated projectile towards the cavity wall of the projectile's internal cavity 9. Four peripheral sensors 82 are evenly arranged on each concentric circle. Because the diameter of the semicircle closest to the axis of the simulated projectile is smaller, this group has a large number of four peripheral sensors 82 with small spacing. However, the spacing between the multiple peripheral sensors 82 in the outermost group is too large, which may prevent accurate measurement of the temperature of the projectile's internal cavity 9. In a more preferred embodiment, such as Figure 4 In the provided embodiment, within the same group of temperature sensors 8, a central sensor 81 is set on the simulated projectile axis. Centered on the central sensor 81, three peripheral sensor groups 82 are arranged in a semi-circle from near to far. The radii of the three semi-circles are 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 times the radius of the circular cross-section where the temperature sensor 8 is installed in the projectile cavity 9, respectively. Three peripheral sensors 82 are arranged around the semi-circle with a radius of 0.2 times the projectile radius at 0°, 90°, and 180°. Four peripheral sensors 82 are arranged around the semi-circle with a radius of 0.4 times the projectile radius at 0°, 45°, 135°, and 180°. Five peripheral sensors 82 are arranged around the semi-circle with a radius of 0.6 times the projectile radius at 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, and 180°. This semi-circular radial arrangement of the temperature sensors 8 better conforms to the geometry of the projectile cavity 9 and can better reflect the temperature of the projectile cavity 9.

[0039] Based on the above embodiments, such as Figure 4 In the provided embodiment, the projections of multiple sets of temperature sensors 8 on the cross section of the simulated projectile perpendicular to the axis coincide; in another embodiment, the projections of one part of the multiple sets of temperature sensors 8 on the cross section of the simulated projectile perpendicular to the axis are misaligned with those of another part.

[0040] Based on the above embodiments, such as Figure 3-4 In the provided embodiments, the present invention uses a thermocouple as a temperature sensor 8.

[0041] Based on the above embodiments, such as Figure 3-4 In the provided embodiments, the explosive simulation filler 2 uses a mixture made by adding sugar and salt particles to molten paraffin and casting. The density, heat capacity and thermal conductivity of this explosive simulation filler 2 are less than 15% different from those of live explosives, and it can effectively replace live explosives.

[0042] Based on the above embodiments, such as Figure 1The provided embodiment further includes a projectile filler 3, a simulated projectile bottom sealing plate hexagon 4, and a simulated projectile bottom sealing plate 5; the heat insulation layer 1 is closely attached to the inner side of the simulated projectile shell 6, and the simulated projectile bottom sealing plate 5 has a simulated bottom sealing plate hexagon 4 in the center for easy manual installation; the outermost side of the simulated projectile bottom sealing plate 5 is provided with a threaded structure to cooperate and fasten with the simulated projectile shell 6; the projectile filler 3 is installed at the tip of the inner cavity 9 of the projectile.

[0043] Based on the above embodiments, such as Figure 1-4 The provided embodiment heats the simulated projectile using an electric heating element 601 mounted on the simulated projectile casing 6. The electric heating element 601 converts electrical energy into a heat load that is input to the simulated projectile, avoiding the use of high-cost fuel. Furthermore, the electric heating element 601 does not produce smoke containing a large amount of particulate matter when it is energized, protecting the test personnel and the precision instruments and equipment in the laboratory. Only power needs to be supplied to the installed electric heating element 601 to input a stable and uniform heat load to the simulated projectile. The structure is simple and the operation is convenient.

[0044] Based on the above embodiments, the electric heating element 601 is also connected to an active self-heating device, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the active self-heating device includes a temperature information processing module, a PID controller, and a transformer. The temperature information processing module is specifically a CPU, connected to a temperature sensor 8 and a PID controller, which is connected to the transformer. The temperature information processing module compares the temperature reflected by the temperature sensor 8 with the design temperature. When the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor 8 is lower than the design temperature of the simulated explosive charge, the temperature information processing module controls the PID controller to adjust the transformer, increasing the power supply voltage of the electric heating element 601. When the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor 8 is higher than the design temperature of the simulated explosive charge, the temperature information processing module controls the PID controller to adjust the transformer, decreasing the power supply voltage of the electric heating element 601, thereby achieving self-temperature control. By controlling the temperature of the projectile's internal cavity 9 and recording the real-time temperature of each component of the simulated projectile, the thermal response mechanism of a real projectile under thermal load can be better determined, improving the accuracy of the rapid combustion test.

[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims. Similarly, any equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention shall also be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulated projectile for rapid combustion testing, characterized in that, It includes a simulated missile casing and a heat insulation layer, with the heat insulation layer closely attached to the inner surface of the simulated missile casing; the heat insulation layer has an internal cavity for filling the missile body with filler; the simulated missile casing has an electric heating element for providing thermal load; the simulated missile casing has a mounting groove for installing the electric heating element, and the electric heating element is embedded in the mounting groove on the simulated missile casing.

2. The simulated bomb for rapid combustion testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple sets of electric heating elements, arranged axially on the simulated projectile casing, with multiple elements in each set arranged circumferentially on the simulated projectile casing.

3. A simulated bomb for rapid combustion testing according to claim 2, characterized in that, Using a cross-section through the axis of the simulated projectile casing as a reference, one side of the cross-section is defined as the upper half of the projectile's internal cavity, and the other side as the lower half. The heating power of the same group of electric heating elements on the simulated projectile casing gradually decreases from the lower half to the upper half.

4. A simulated bomb for rapid combustion testing according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the simulated projectile casing, from the middle to both ends, the heating power of each group of electric heating elements gradually decreases.

5. A simulated bomb for rapid combustion testing according to claim 1, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The electric heating element is a resistance temperature detector (RTD), and the resistance wire of the RTD is a carbon fiber resistance wire.

6. A simulated bomb for rapid combustion testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The projectile cavity is filled with explosive simulation filler to replace the explosive. The density, heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the explosive simulation filler are less than 15% different from those of real explosives. The projectile cavity is also equipped with a temperature sensor to detect the temperature of the projectile cavity.

7. A simulated bomb for rapid combustion testing according to claim 6, characterized in that, Multiple temperature sensors are arranged inside the missile's internal cavity, along the axial direction of the simulated missile.

8. A simulated bomb for rapid combustion testing according to claim 7, characterized in that, Multiple temperature sensors are evenly arranged along the axial direction.

9. A simulated bomb for rapid combustion testing according to claim 8, characterized in that, Using a cross-section through the axis of the simulated projectile casing as a reference, one side of the cross-section is defined as the upper half of the projectile's internal cavity, and the other side as the lower half. Temperature sensors are all arranged in the lower half of the projectile's internal cavity.

10. A simulated bomb for rapid combustion testing according to claim 9, characterized in that, The temperature sensors in the same group include a central sensor located on the axis of the simulated cartridge case, and peripheral sensors arranged in a semi-circle with the central sensor as the center point.

11. A simulated bomb for rapid combustion testing according to claim 10, characterized in that, The peripheral sensors are arranged in multiple groups, with each group positioned concentrically.

12. A simulated bomb for rapid combustion testing according to any one of claims 7-11, characterized in that, The axial projections of the temperature sensors in each group coincide.

13. A simulated bomb for rapid combustion testing according to any one of claims 6-11, characterized in that, The temperature sensor is a thermocouple.

14. A simulated bomb for rapid combustion testing according to any one of claims 6-11, characterized in that, The explosive filler is a mixture made by adding sugar and salt granules to molten paraffin and then casting it.

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