Machining process for a high-temperature alloy shaft used in drilling equipment
By machining around the shaft hole in subsequent processes, combined with plug assistance and straightening procedures, the machining problem of high-temperature alloy shafts has been solved, achieving an efficient and stable machining process, which is suitable for mass production of shafts for high-temperature alloy drilling equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- IMPRO AEROSPACE COMPONENTS (WUXI) CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-31
AI Technical Summary
High-temperature alloy shafts for drilling equipment are extremely difficult to machine due to their material properties and thin-walled, deep-hole, eccentric structure. They are also prone to deformation, and existing technologies cannot achieve stable and efficient machining.
The process employs multiple steps, including subsequent machining around the shaft hole after machining, using plugs to assist in machining eccentric parts, interspersed straightening processes, using an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to detect and adjust the lathe jaws, and using drill bushings to assist in machining key holes, to ensure machining accuracy and stability.
It has achieved stable machining of shafts for high-temperature alloy drilling equipment, reduced the defect rate, improved machining efficiency and product quality, and is suitable for mass production.
Smart Images
Figure CN119635194B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machining technology, and specifically discloses a machining process for a shaft of drilling equipment made of high-temperature alloy material. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, drilling equipment shafts are typically 1750-1800 mm long, with an outer diameter of 95-100 mm for the eccentric portion and 115-120 mm for the coaxial portion. High-temperature alloy drilling equipment shafts, capable of operating for extended periods at temperatures above 600°C and under certain stress, possess high high-temperature strength, excellent oxidation and corrosion resistance, good fatigue performance, and fracture toughness, making them widely used in the energy and oil and gas sectors. However, the inherent difficulty in machining high-temperature alloys and the inherent tendency for deformation during thin-walled, deep-hole, eccentric machining of drilling equipment shafts make this product extremely challenging to process. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a processing technology for a shaft made of high-temperature alloy material for drilling equipment.
[0004] According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, the machining process of the high-temperature alloy drilling equipment shaft includes the following steps: S1. Take a cylindrical long shaft blank, first machine a shaft hole through the front and rear end faces of the long shaft blank, and then rough machine the outer circle of the long shaft blank that is concentric with the shaft hole. S2. First, mill a first keyway with a fixed rotation direction along the diameter direction at the front end of the long shaft blank. The first keyway is L-shaped and penetrates the wall at both ends of the front end of the long shaft blank in the diameter direction. Then, mark the positions of two first process holes and one second process hole on the front end face of the long shaft blank. S3. Determine the rotation direction of the long shaft blank based on the first keyway, and drill two first process holes and one second process hole using a gun drill according to the positions of the first process hole and the second process hole. S4. Rough turn the outer circle of the long shaft blank that is concentric with the shaft hole; S5. Check the runout at intervals and use an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to detect the wall thickness difference of the cross-section. Use a press to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to the specified range. S6. Insert the pre-machined plug into the front end shaft hole of the long shaft blank. Machin a pin hole on the front end face of both the plug and the long shaft blank. The pin hole on the plug is a through hole, and the pin hole on the front end face of the long shaft blank is a blind hole. Then, insert the pin into the pin hole of the plug and the pin hole on the front end face of the long shaft blank. Finally, drill a center hole on the plug that is eccentrically set with the shaft hole of the long shaft blank. The center hole facilitates the subsequent machining of the eccentric outer circle of the long shaft blank. S7. Using the center hole drilled on the plug as the rotation center, machine an eccentric outer circle on the long shaft blank; S8. Check the runout at intervals and use an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to detect the wall thickness difference of the cross-section. Use a press to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to the specified range. S9. Using the shaft hole of the long shaft blank as the rotation center, rough mill the process groove on the outer circle of the long shaft blank; S10. Check the runout at intervals and use an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to detect the wall thickness difference of the cross-section. Use a press to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to the specified range. S11. Using the shaft hole of the long shaft blank as the rotation center, finish turn the outer circle of the long shaft blank that is concentric with the shaft hole; S12. Check the runout at intervals and use an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to detect the wall thickness difference of the cross-section. Use a press to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to the specified range. S13. Using the center hole drilled on the plug as the rotation center, precision machine the outer circle of the long shaft blank that is eccentric to the shaft hole; S14. Check the runout at intervals and use an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to detect the wall thickness difference of the cross-section. Use a press to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to the specified range. S15. The outer shape structure, the process groove and the first threaded hole located in the process groove are precision milled on the outer circle of the long shaft blank that is concentric and eccentric with the shaft hole. S16. Check the runout at intervals and use an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to detect the wall thickness difference of the cross-section. Use a press to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to the specified range. S17. Mill the front and rear faces of the long shaft blank, and machine the second threaded hole, through hole and blind hole on the front and rear faces of the long shaft blank. Coaxially enlarge the front ends of the two first process holes, and use a drill sleeve to eccentrically enlarge the front end of one second process hole to obtain the finished shaft for drilling equipment.
[0005] Preferably, in step S5, a press is used to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to within 0.5mm.
[0006] Preferably, in steps S8, S10, S12, S14 and S16, a press is used to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to within 0.12mm.
[0007] Preferably, in step S15, the external structure includes a countersunk hole, a U-shaped groove, and a second keyway.
[0008] This invention ensures the stability of the production process. It is suitable for high-volume, rapid processing of products, effectively improving the efficiency of processing such parts and significantly reducing the defect rate in the production process. Attached Figure Description
[0009] Figure 1 This is the front view of the finished shaft for drilling equipment.
[0010] Figure 2 This is a magnified left-side view of the finished shaft for drilling equipment.
[0011] Figure 3 This is a right-side enlarged view of the finished shaft for drilling equipment. Detailed Implementation
[0012] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0013] Example 1 A machining process for a shaft used in drilling equipment made of high-temperature alloy material, the machining process including the following steps: S1. Take a cylindrical long shaft blank, first machine a shaft hole 1.1 through the front and rear end faces of the long shaft blank, and then rough machine the outer circle of the long shaft blank that is concentric with the shaft hole. S2. First, mill a first keyway 2.1 with a fixed rotation direction at the front end of the long shaft blank along its diameter direction. The first keyway 2.1 is L-shaped and penetrates the walls at both ends of the front end of the long shaft blank in the diameter direction. Then, mark the positions of two first process holes and one second process hole on the front end face of the long shaft blank. S3. Determine the rotation direction of the long shaft blank based on the first keyway 1.1, and drill two first process holes 3.1 and one second process hole 3.2 using a gun drill according to the marked positions of the first process hole and the second process hole. S4. Rough turn the outer circle of the long shaft blank that is concentric with the shaft hole; S5. Check the runout at intervals and use an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to detect the wall thickness difference of the cross-section. Use a press to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to the specified range. S6. Insert the pre-machined plug into the front end shaft hole of the long shaft blank. Machin a pin hole on the front end face of both the plug and the long shaft blank. The pin hole on the plug is a through hole, and the pin hole on the front end face of the long shaft blank is a blind hole. Then, insert the pin into the pin hole of the plug and the pin hole on the front end face of the long shaft blank. Finally, drill a center hole on the plug that is eccentrically set with the shaft hole of the long shaft blank. The center hole facilitates the subsequent machining of the eccentric outer circle of the long shaft blank. S7. Using the center hole drilled on the plug as the rotation center, machine an eccentric outer circle on the long shaft blank; S8. Check the runout at intervals and use an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to detect the wall thickness difference of the cross-section. Use a press to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to the specified range. S9. Using the shaft hole of the long shaft blank as the rotation center, rough mill the process groove on the outer circle of the long shaft blank; S10. Check the runout at intervals and use an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to detect the wall thickness difference of the cross-section. Use a press to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to the specified range. S11. Using the shaft hole of the long shaft blank as the rotation center, finish turn the outer circle of the long shaft blank that is concentric with the shaft hole; S12. Check the runout at intervals and use an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to detect the wall thickness difference of the cross-section. Use a press to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to the specified range. S13. Using the center hole drilled on the plug as the rotation center, precision machine the outer circle of the long shaft blank that is eccentric to the shaft hole; S14. Check the runout at intervals and use an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to detect the wall thickness difference of the cross-section. Use a press to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to the specified range. S15. Mill the outer shape structure (including countersunk hole, U-shaped groove and second keyway, etc.) on the outer circle of the long shaft blank that is concentric and eccentric with the shaft hole, mill the process groove 4.1 and the first threaded hole 5.1 located in the process groove 4.1; S16. Check the runout at intervals and use an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to detect the wall thickness difference of the cross-section. Use a press to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to the specified range. S17. Mill the front and rear faces of the long shaft blank, and machine the second threaded hole 6.1, through hole 7.1 and blind hole 8.1 on the front and rear faces of the long shaft blank. Coaxially enlarge the front ends of the two first process holes 3.1, and eccentrically enlarge the front end of the one second process hole 3.2 using a drill sleeve to obtain the finished shaft for drilling equipment.
[0014] The working principle and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. Since drilling the shaft hole after finishing inevitably causes the dimensional characteristics of the finished part to deform beyond the error range, the present invention adjusts the drilling of the shaft hole to the first part of the whole process flow. After the shaft hole is drilled, the subsequent processing steps are carried out around the shaft hole, which effectively avoids the impact of shaft hole processing on the overall size of the part.
[0015] 2. When machining the eccentric outer diameter of the shaft for high-temperature alloy drilling equipment, the part is long and has large runout, making it difficult to machine. Therefore, it is necessary to use the center of the lathe to assist in machining. The eccentric center hole is machined on the plug to prepare for the subsequent eccentric machining and effectively ensure the machining of the eccentric outer diameter.
[0016] 3. Shafts used in high-temperature alloy drilling equipment are prone to bending deformation during processing, especially during milling and the removal of large allowances. Therefore, straightening processes are continuously interspersed in the process route to ensure that the runout of the parts is always qualified before processing, effectively avoiding the situation where the position accuracy of the shaft hole deteriorates during processing.
[0017] 4. Use an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to check the minimum wall thickness of the part before each machining operation, and adjust the lathe jaws according to the comparison between the measured value and the theoretical value, which effectively ensures the position accuracy of the shaft hole in each machining operation.
[0018] 5. When precision milling the front end face, rear end face, second threaded hole, through hole and blind hole, the stepped hole part of the second process hole 3.2 has an eccentric structure with the main body part of the second process hole 3.2. The end face of the stepped hole part of the second process hole 3.2 is far from the front end face of the part. It is difficult to guarantee the machining dimensions by directly using the cutting tool. Therefore, a drill bushing is used for auxiliary machining, which can guarantee the machining dimensions to a certain extent.
[0019] Therefore, the process of this invention for producing shafts for high-temperature alloy drilling equipment can fully meet the various characteristics of shafts for drilling equipment, and effectively avoid the impact of part deformation on processing and the final product. It can be widely promoted in the processing of similar parts.
[0020] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A machining process for a shaft made of high-temperature alloy material used in drilling equipment, characterized by: The processing technology includes the following steps: S1. Take a cylindrical long shaft blank, first machine a shaft hole through its front and rear end faces on the long shaft blank, and then rough machine the outer circle of the long shaft blank that is concentric with the shaft hole. S2. First, mill a first keyway with a fixed rotation direction along the diameter direction at the front end of the long shaft blank. The first keyway is L-shaped and penetrates the wall at both ends of the front end of the long shaft blank in the diameter direction. Then, mark the positions of two first process holes and one second process hole on the front end face of the long shaft blank. S3. Determine the rotation direction of the long shaft blank based on the first keyway, and drill two first process holes and one second process hole using a gun drill according to the positions of the first process hole and the second process hole. S4. Rough turn the outer circle of the long shaft blank that is concentric with the shaft hole; S5. Check the runout at intervals and use an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to detect the wall thickness difference of the cross-section. Use a press to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to the specified range. S6. Insert the pre-machined plug into the front end shaft hole of the long shaft blank. Machin a pin hole on the front end face of both the plug and the long shaft blank. The pin hole on the plug is a through hole, and the pin hole on the front end face of the long shaft blank is a blind hole. Then, insert the pin into the pin hole of the plug and the pin hole on the front end face of the long shaft blank. Finally, drill a center hole on the plug that is eccentrically set with the shaft hole of the long shaft blank. The center hole facilitates the subsequent machining of the eccentric outer circle of the long shaft blank. S7. Using the center hole drilled on the plug as the rotation center, machine an eccentric outer circle on the long shaft blank; S8. Check the runout at intervals and use an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to detect the wall thickness difference of the cross-section. Use a press to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to the specified range. S9. Using the shaft hole of the long shaft blank as the rotation center, rough mill the process groove on the outer circle of the long shaft blank; S10. Check the runout at intervals and use an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to detect the wall thickness difference of the cross-section. Use a press to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to the specified range. S11. Using the shaft hole of the long shaft blank as the rotation center, finish turn the outer circle of the long shaft blank that is concentric with the shaft hole; S12. Check the runout at intervals and use an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to detect the wall thickness difference of the cross-section. Use a press to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to the specified range. S13. Using the center hole drilled on the plug as the rotation center, precision machine the outer circle of the long shaft blank that is eccentric to the shaft hole; S14. Check the runout at intervals and use an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to detect the wall thickness difference of the cross-section. Use a press to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to the specified range. S15. The outer shape structure, the process groove and the first threaded hole located in the process groove are precision milled on the outer circle of the long shaft blank that is concentric and eccentric with the shaft hole. S16. Check the runout at intervals and use an ultrasonic wall thickness gauge to detect the wall thickness difference of the cross-section. Use a press to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to the specified range. S17. Mill the front and rear faces of the long shaft blank, and machine the second threaded hole, through hole and blind hole on the front and rear faces of the long shaft blank. Coaxially enlarge the front ends of the two first process holes, and use a drill sleeve to eccentrically enlarge the front end of one second process hole to obtain the finished shaft for drilling equipment.
2. The machining process of the high-temperature alloy shaft for drilling equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Step S5 In the process, a press is used to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to within 0.5mm.
3. The machining process of the high-temperature alloy shaft for drilling equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In steps S8, S10, S12, S14 and S16, a press is used to correct the runout of the bent and deformed long shaft blank to within 0.12mm.
4. The machining process of the high-temperature alloy shaft for drilling equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S15, the external structure includes a countersunk hole, a U-shaped groove, and a second keyway.