Antifouling materials and methods of making the same

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of antifouling material manufacturing, in particular to an antifouling material and a preparation method thereof, which aims to solve the problems of insufficient early antifouling efficiency, excessively high late antifouling efficiency and excessively fast consumption speed of a complex antifouling material in the prior art. The antifouling material is a columnar particle, the columnar particle has a multilayer structure which is stacked from inside to outside along the radial direction of the columnar particle, the first layer structure is columnar, and the rest of the layer structures are annular structures, and a later layer structure is coated on the circumferential surface of an earlier layer structure; each layer structure comprises a polymer substrate and an antifouling effective component dispersed in the polymer substrate; the antifouling effective component is soluble in water, is in powder form, and in the radial direction gradually away from the first layer structure, in any two adjacent layer structures, under the same composition ratio, the average particle size of the antifouling effective component of the outer layer structure is smaller than that of the antifouling effective component of the inner layer structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of scale inhibitor manufacturing technology, and in particular to a scale inhibitor material and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the scale inhibition principles of scale inhibitors are generally divided into physical and chemical principles. Physical scale inhibition mechanisms include electromagnetic field scale inhibition, alloy scale inhibition, displacement scale inhibition, and isolation scale inhibition. Chemical scale inhibition mechanisms include dissolution scale inhibition, precipitation scale inhibition, and complexation scale inhibition.

[0003] Each scale inhibition mode has its own advantages and disadvantages to varying degrees. Complexation-type scale inhibition modes generally use liquid complexation scale inhibitors or salt glass scale inhibitors. Liquid complexation scale inhibitors dissolve rapidly and are consumed quickly, requiring a controller for use, making them difficult to apply in daily life. Salt glass scale inhibitors are slightly soluble glass composites composed of polyphosphates and polysilicates. Because these materials are sintered into a glass-like state, the release of the scale inhibitor is slow during use, requiring large quantities to effectively treat high-hardness, high-level water. Furthermore, they are very prone to clumping after drying, affecting replacement and use.

[0004] Therefore, the release rate of the effective scale-inhibiting components in complexing scale inhibitors is the most critical technology, which is related not only to the physical morphology of the scale inhibitor but also to its specific surface area. For granular scale inhibitors, as they dissolve and are consumed, the ratio of their specific surface area to volume increases, while their volume decreases as the material is consumed, resulting in a faster release rate of the effective components. This can easily lead to problems such as insufficient scale inhibition efficiency in the early stages and excessively high scale inhibition efficiency with excessively rapid consumption in the later stages. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, some embodiments of this application provide a scale inhibitor material. When used, this scale inhibitor material can solve the problems of insufficient scale inhibition efficiency in the early stage and excessively high scale inhibition efficiency and rapid consumption in the later stage of complex scale inhibitor materials in related technologies. This solves the problem that the release rate of the effective scale inhibitory component of complex scale inhibitor materials is difficult to control effectively, thus broadening the application scope and application scenarios of complex scale inhibitor materials. In addition, some embodiments of this application also provide a method for preparing the scale inhibitor material.

[0006] In a first aspect, a scale inhibitor material is provided, wherein the scale inhibitor material is columnar particles, and the columnar particles have a multi-layer structure stacked sequentially from the inside to the outside along their radial direction; the first layer is columnar, and the remaining layers are annular structures, with each subsequent layer covering the circumferential surface of the previous layer.

[0007] Each layer structure includes: a polymer substrate and a scale-inhibiting active ingredient dispersed in the polymer substrate;

[0008] The scale inhibitor is soluble in water, and its mass percentage in each layer is greater than or equal to 45%. The scale inhibitor is in powder form, and in any two adjacent layers moving radially away from the first layer, the average particle size of the scale inhibitor in the outer layer is smaller than that in the inner layer under the same composition ratio.

[0009] Optionally, the effective scale inhibitor includes: calcium polyphosphate and zinc polycarboxylate powder dispersed in the calcium polyphosphate.

[0010] Optionally, the scale inhibitor material satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0011] (1) The materials used to prepare the polymer substrate include: PE;

[0012] (2) In each layer structure, the polymer substrate accounts for 42% to 55% of the mass, the zinc polycarboxylate accounts for 10% to 20% of the mass, and the remainder is the calcium polyphosphate;

[0013] (3) The average particle size of the zinc polycarboxylate powder is 15μm~25μm.

[0014] Optionally, the columnar particle includes: a first columnar structure, a first annular structure and a second annular structure stacked sequentially along its radial direction, wherein the first annular structure covers the circumferential surface of the first columnar structure and the second annular structure covers the circumferential surface of the first annular structure.

[0015] In the first columnar structure, the average particle size of the scale-inhibiting active ingredient is 70μm~75μm; in the first annular structure, the average particle size of the scale-inhibiting active ingredient is 60μm~65μm; and in the second annular structure, the average particle size of the scale-inhibiting active ingredient is 50μm~55μm.

[0016] Optionally, the columnar particles are cylindrical, the diameter of the first columnar structure is 1.1 mm to 1.5 mm, the thickness of the first annular structure is 0.1 mm to 0.15 mm, and the thickness of the second annular structure is 0.1 mm to 0.15 mm.

[0017] Optionally, the diameter of the first columnar structure is 1.3 mm, the outer diameter of the first annular structure is 1.6 mm, and the outer diameter of the second annular structure is 1.9 mm.

[0018] Optionally, in the first columnar structure, the first annular structure, and the second annular structure, the mass percentage of the zinc polycarboxylate powder is 11.3% in each case, the mass percentage of the calcium polyphosphate is 44.3% in each case, and the mass percentage of the polymer substrate is 44.4% in each case; or,

[0019] In the first columnar structure, the first annular structure, and the second annular structure, the mass percentage of the zinc polycarboxylate powder is 19.6% in each case, the mass percentage of the calcium polyphosphate is 37.8% in each case, and the mass percentage of the polymer substrate is 42.6% in each case; or,

[0020] In the first columnar structure, the first annular structure, and the second annular structure, the zinc polycarboxylate powder accounts for 10.5% of the mass in each structure, the calcium polyphosphate accounts for 36.4% of the mass in each structure, and the polymer substrate accounts for 53.1% of the mass in each structure; or,

[0021] In the first columnar structure, the first annular structure, and the second annular structure, the mass percentage of the zinc polycarboxylate powder is 14.5%, the mass percentage of the calcium polyphosphate is 38.0%, and the mass percentage of the polymer substrate is 47.5%.

[0022] Secondly, a method for preparing a scale inhibitor material is provided, comprising:

[0023] S11. Prepare multiple portions of raw materials for scale inhibitors; each portion of the raw material for scale inhibitors is a mixture of polymer-based particles and scale inhibitory active ingredients, wherein the scale inhibitory active ingredients are soluble in water, and the mass percentage of the scale inhibitory active ingredients in each portion of the raw material for scale inhibitors is greater than or equal to 45%, wherein the scale inhibitory active ingredients are in powder form, and under the same composition ratio, the average particle size of the scale inhibitory active ingredients in any two portions of the raw material for scale inhibitors is different from each other.

[0024] S12. Multiple portions of the scale inhibitor material raw materials are added to different chambers of a multilayer extruder according to the different particle sizes of their respective scale inhibitory active ingredients, and columnar particles are prepared by co-extrusion and cutting. Along the radial direction of the columnar particles, the columnar particles include a multilayer structure stacked sequentially from the inside to the outside. In the multilayer structure, the first layer is columnar, and the remaining layers are annular structures, with each subsequent layer covering the circumference of the previous layer. In the radial direction gradually away from the first layer, in any two adjacent layers, the average particle size of the scale inhibitory active ingredient in the outer layer is smaller than the average particle size of the scale inhibitory active ingredient in the inner layer.

[0025] Optionally, the multi-layer extruder includes multiple heating chambers, wherein the outlet of the first heating chamber is columnar, and the outlets of the remaining heating chambers are coaxially arranged with the outlet of the first heating chamber, and the outlet of each subsequent heating chamber surrounds the outlet of the preceding heating chamber; S12, including:

[0026] Multiple portions of the scale inhibitor material are added to multiple heating chambers arranged sequentially from the first heating chamber of the multilayer extruder according to the average particle size of the scale inhibitory active components in descending order. The molten material in each heating chamber is co-extruded by the screw in each heating chamber and then cooled to obtain a strip material.

[0027] The strip material is cut into segments along its length to obtain the columnar particles.

[0028] Optionally, S11 includes:

[0029] Preparation of calcium polyphosphate monomer;

[0030] The calcium polyphosphate monomer and zinc polycarboxylate powder are mixed and sintered to copolymerize the calcium polyphosphate monomer to obtain a block polymer, in which the zinc polycarboxylate powder is dispersed.

[0031] The block polymer is crushed into multiple powdered scale inhibitors, and the average particle size of any two powdered scale inhibitors is different.

[0032] Multiple portions of the powdered scale-inhibiting active ingredient are mixed with multiple portions of granules of the polymer matrix contained in the raw material for the scale-inhibiting material to prepare multiple portions of the raw material for the scale-inhibiting material.

[0033] Optionally, the preparation method satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0034] (1) The co-extrusion temperature is 140℃~230℃;

[0035] (2) The sintering temperature is 800℃~850℃ and the time is 20h~25h;

[0036] (3) The average particle sizes of the multiple powdered scale inhibitory active ingredients are 50μm~55μm, 60μm~65μm and 70μm~75μm, respectively;

[0037] (4) The average particle size of the polymer substrate granules is 20 μm ~ 25 μm.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned scale inhibitory materials and their preparation methods are as follows:

[0039] By setting the scale inhibitor material into a multi-layer structure that is stacked sequentially from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the columnar particles, with the first layer being columnar and the remaining layers being annular, when it is used for scale inhibition, the effective scale inhibitor component is soluble in water. Since the effective scale inhibitor component accounts for more than or equal to 45% of the mass of each layer, the polymer substrate will peel off and dissolve in the water as the effective scale inhibitor component dissolves. Therefore, the effective scale-inhibiting components in each layer of this scale-inhibiting material can be released at a certain rate as the material dissolves. As the material dissolves and is consumed, the specific surface area to volume ratio of the effective scale-inhibiting material increases. At this point, in any two adjacent layers moving radially away from the first layer, under the same composition ratio, the average particle size of the effective scale-inhibiting components in the outer layer is smaller than that in the inner layer. Therefore, as the material dissolves and is consumed, the average particle size of the effective scale-inhibiting components increases, effectively reducing the release rate of these components. This effectively balances the release rate of the effective scale-inhibiting components in the early and later stages of use, ensuring a stable release of the effective scale-inhibiting components. This solves the problems of insufficient scale inhibition efficiency in the early stages and excessively high scale inhibition efficiency with rapid consumption in the later stages of use in related technologies. It also solves the problem of difficulty in effectively controlling the release rate of the effective scale-inhibiting components in related technologies, thus broadening the application scope and scenarios of complex-type scale-inhibiting materials. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating a method for preparing a scale inhibitor material according to an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 2 The graph shows the change in phosphorus leaching in test water samples during the entire water flow process of the scale inhibitor materials provided in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0043] Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" is interpreted as open-ended and encompassing, meaning "including, but not limited to." In the description of the specification, terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiment," "exemplary," or "some examples," etc., are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic associated with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. The illustrative representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics mentioned may be included in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0044] This document describes exemplary embodiments with reference to cross-sectional views and / or plan views, which are idealized exemplary drawings. In the drawings, the thickness of layers and regions is enlarged for clarity. Therefore, variations in shape relative to the drawings are contemplated due to, for example, manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Thus, exemplary embodiments should not be construed as limited to the shapes of the regions shown herein, but rather include shape deviations due to, for example, manufacturing processes. For example, etched regions shown as rectangular would typically have curved features. Therefore, the regions shown in the drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to show the actual shapes of the regions of the device, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

[0045] In this document, terms such as "for example," "like," "example," and "exemplary" are used for descriptive purposes to indicate a connection in the coverage of different technical solutions presented earlier and later. However, they should not be construed as limitations on the preceding technical solution or as restrictions on the scope of protection outlined herein. Unless otherwise specified, in this document, A (e.g., B) indicates that B is a non-limiting example of A, and it can be understood that A is not limited to B.

[0046] In this article, "optionally," "optionally," and "optional" mean that something is optional, that is, it means that it is selected from either "with" or "without." If there are multiple "options" in a technical solution, unless otherwise specified, and there are no contradictions or mutual constraints, then each "option" is independent.

[0047] In this article, descriptions such as "optionally contains" and "optionally includes" indicate whether or not the component X is present. "Optional component X" indicates whether component X is present or absent, or whether or not component X is present.

[0048] In this document, the terms "first aspect," "second aspect," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or quantity, nor should they be construed as implicitly indicating the importance or quantity of the indicated technical features.

[0049] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0050] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0051] In this article, the technical features described in an open-ended manner include both closed technical solutions composed of the listed features and open technical solutions that include the listed features.

[0052] In this article, "at least one" means one or more, such as one, two or more. "Multiple" or "several" means at least two, such as two, three, etc.

[0053] In this document, when referring to numerical intervals (i.e., numerical ranges), unless otherwise specified, the distribution of selectable values ​​within a numerical interval is considered continuous, and includes the two endpoints (i.e., the minimum and maximum values) of the numerical interval, as well as every value between these two endpoints. Unless otherwise specified, when a numerical interval refers only to integers within that interval, it includes the two endpoint integers of the numerical range, as well as every integer between the two endpoints, which is equivalent to directly listing every integer. When multiple numerical ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, these numerical ranges can be merged. In other words, unless otherwise specified, the numerical ranges disclosed herein should be understood to include any and all subranges included therein. The "numerical value" in this numerical interval can be any quantitative value, such as a number, percentage, ratio, etc. The term "numerical interval" can be broadly included to include percentage intervals, ratio intervals, proportion intervals, and other numerical interval types.

[0054] Unless otherwise specified, all percentage concentrations mentioned in this article refer to the final concentration. The final concentration refers to the proportion of the added ingredient in the system after the addition of that ingredient.

[0055] In this document, for methods involving multiple steps, unless otherwise explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order constraint on the execution of these steps; they may be executed in any order other than those described. Moreover, any step may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily completed at the same time, but may be executed at different times, and their execution order is not necessarily sequential, but may be executed in turn, alternately, or simultaneously with other steps or parts of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0056] To address the problems of insufficient initial scale inhibition efficiency, excessively high later-stage scale inhibition efficiency leading to rapid consumption, and difficulty in effectively controlling the release rate of the effective scale-inhibiting components in complexing scale inhibitors in related technologies, the specific implementation method of this application is described as follows:

[0057] In a first aspect, some embodiments of this application provide a scale inhibitor material, which is columnar particles having a multi-layer structure stacked sequentially from the inside to the outside along its radial direction; the first layer is columnar, and the remaining layers are annular structures, with each subsequent layer covering the circumferential surface of the previous layer. Each layer includes a polymer substrate and a scale inhibitory active ingredient dispersed in the polymer substrate; wherein the scale inhibitory active ingredient is soluble in water, the mass percentage of the scale inhibitory active ingredient in each layer is greater than or equal to 45%, the scale inhibitory active ingredient is in powder form, and in any two adjacent layers moving radially away from the first layer, under the same composition ratio, the average particle size of the scale inhibitory active ingredient in the outer layer is smaller than the average particle size of the scale inhibitory active ingredient in the inner layer.

[0058] The scale-inhibiting active ingredient is water-soluble, and its mass percentage in each layer is greater than or equal to 45%. Therefore, as the scale-inhibiting active ingredient dissolves, the polymer substrate is exfoliated and dissolved in the water, allowing the scale-inhibiting active ingredient to be continuously released into the water. This allows the active ingredient to complex calcium ions and other substances in the water, thereby inhibiting scale formation. The scale-inhibiting active ingredient may, for example, include a complexing scale-inhibiting material.

[0059] The scale inhibitor is in powder form. In each layer, the particle size of the scale inhibitor can be non-uniform, with some particles being large and others small. Here, the average particle size is used to characterize the relative size of the particles in different layers.

[0060] Here, in different layered structures, the particle size of the scale inhibitor can be considered to increase or decrease proportionally. Therefore, the average particle size can reflect the overall particle size of the scale inhibitor in each layered structure. For example, in any two adjacent layers moving radially away from the first layer, under the same composition ratio, the average particle size of the scale inhibitor in the outer layer is smaller than that in the inner layer. This means that when the outer and inner layers have the same composition, the overall particle size of the scale inhibitor in the outer layer is smaller than that in the inner layer. Here, the average particle size is used as a standard. There may be cases where the particle size of the larger scale inhibitor in the outer layer is greater than or equal to the particle size of the smaller scale inhibitor in the inner layer. This is not specifically limited here.

[0061] In the scale inhibitor material provided in this application embodiment, the scale inhibitor material is configured as a multi-layer structure stacked sequentially from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the columnar particles. The first layer is columnar and the remaining layers are annular structures. When it is used for scale inhibition, the scale inhibitory active ingredient is soluble in water. Since the mass percentage of the scale inhibitory active ingredient in each layer is greater than or equal to 45%, the polymer substrate will peel off and dissolve in the water as the scale inhibitory active ingredient dissolves. Therefore, the effective scale-inhibiting components in each layer of this scale-inhibiting material can be released at a certain rate as the material dissolves. As the material dissolves and is consumed, the specific surface area to volume ratio of the scale-inhibiting material increases. At this point, in any two adjacent layers moving radially away from the first layer, under the same composition ratio, the average particle size of the effective scale-inhibiting components in the outer layer is smaller than that in the inner layer. Therefore, as the material dissolves and is consumed, the average particle size of the effective scale-inhibiting components increases, effectively reducing the release rate of these components. This effectively balances the release rate of the effective scale-inhibiting components in the early and later stages of use, ensuring a stable release of the effective scale-inhibiting components. This solves the problems of insufficient scale inhibition efficiency in the early stages and excessively high scale inhibition efficiency with rapid consumption in the later stages of use in related technologies. It also solves the problem of difficulty in effectively controlling the release rate of the effective scale-inhibiting components in related technologies, thus broadening the application scope and scenarios of complex-type scale-inhibiting materials.

[0062] The specific selection of the effective scale inhibitor is not limited.

[0063] In some embodiments, the scale inhibitory active ingredient includes: calcium polyphosphate and zinc polycarboxylate powder dispersed in the calcium polyphosphate.

[0064] Calcium polyphosphate is an inorganic polymer composed of calcium phosphate units. Its basic chemical unit is calcium phosphate, and multiple calcium phosphate units are linked together by oxygen atoms in the phosphate group, forming long-chain or network-like polymer structures. From a chemical formula perspective, it can be represented as (CaP₂O₆). n The form is , where n represents the degree of polymerization and represents the number of repetitions of the calcium phosphate unit.

[0065] Meanwhile, calcium polyphosphate has good biocompatibility; it can interact with human tissues without causing a significant immune response and is often used for bone tissue repair and regeneration.

[0066] Zinc polycarboxylate is an organometallic compound mainly composed of polycarboxylate groups and zinc ions. The polycarboxylate groups are typically long-chain structures formed by the polymerization of monomers containing carboxyl groups. These carboxyl groups can partially or completely coordinate with zinc ions to form stable polymer-metal ion complexes. Structurally, it is a three-dimensional network structure, with the polycarboxylate chains forming the main framework, and zinc ions distributed between the chains or at the chain nodes, playing a role in cross-linking and stabilizing the structure.

[0067] Meanwhile, zinc polycarboxylate acts as a binder in dental materials, firmly bonding tooth structure to restorative materials. It not only has good biocompatibility but also antibacterial properties.

[0068] In these embodiments, a mixture of calcium polyphosphate and zinc polycarboxylate powder is used as the effective scale inhibitor. On the one hand, the calcium polyphosphate is slightly soluble in water. Therefore, during the dissolution process of the scale inhibitor, the calcium polyphosphate can release phosphorus-containing groups with active carboxyl and hydroxyl groups into the water, which then complex with calcium and magnesium ions in the water to form water-soluble complexes, thereby achieving the scale inhibition function. On the other hand, the zinc polycarboxylate powder is slightly soluble in water. Similar to calcium polyphosphate, during the dissolution process of the scale inhibitor, the zinc polycarboxylate powder can release zinc ions into the water, thereby inhibiting the growth of bacteria in the water. Furthermore, the calcium polyphosphate and zinc polycarboxylate powder have good biocompatibility, which can further broaden the application scope and application scenarios of the scale inhibitor. For example, the scale inhibitor can be used in the scale inhibition and purification of water bodies with high requirements for toxicity and bacteria.

[0069] In some embodiments, the scale inhibitor material satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0070] (1) The materials used to prepare the polymer substrate include: PE;

[0071] (2) In each layer of the structure, the polymer substrate accounts for 42% to 55% of the mass, the zinc polycarboxylate powder accounts for 10% to 20% of the mass, and the remainder is calcium polyphosphate;

[0072] (3) The average particle size of the zinc polycarboxylate powder is 15μm~25μm.

[0073] In these embodiments, PE material is a commonly used adhesive for food packaging and water filter cartridges, and it also has good biocompatibility, enabling the scale inhibitor to be applied in water scale inhibition and purification scenarios with high requirements for toxicity and bacteria control. By limiting the mass ratios of the polymer matrix, calcium polyphosphate, and zinc polycarboxylate powder in the scale inhibitor to the aforementioned range, the scale inhibitor is facilitated in processing and molding; on the other hand, it provides sufficient effective scale inhibitory components for water scale inhibition and sterilization purification, thereby improving the scale inhibition rate and antibacterial rate of the scale inhibitor. By limiting the average particle size of the zinc polycarboxylate powder to 15μm~25μm, the dissolution and release rate of the zinc polycarboxylate powder in water can be further adjusted, thereby improving the bactericidal stability and bactericidal effect of the scale inhibitor in water.

[0074] In some embodiments, the columnar particles may include two or more layers, such as four, five, or even seven or eight layers, without any specific limitation.

[0075] In some embodiments, the columnar particles comprise: a first columnar structure, a first annular structure, and a second annular structure stacked sequentially along its radial direction, wherein the first annular structure covers the circumferential surface of the first columnar structure, and the second annular structure covers the circumferential surface of the first annular structure. In this case, the average particle size of the scale-inhibiting active ingredient in the first columnar structure is 70 μm to 75 μm, the average particle size of the scale-inhibiting active ingredient in the first annular structure is 60 μm to 65 μm, and the average particle size of the scale-inhibiting active ingredient in the second annular structure is 50 μm to 55 μm.

[0076] In these embodiments, the scale-inhibiting active ingredients in the scale-inhibiting material can be released smoothly in different layer structures, thereby improving the scale inhibition effect.

[0077] In some embodiments, the columnar particle is cylindrical, the diameter of the first columnar structure is 1.1 mm to 1.5 mm, the thickness of the first annular structure is 0.1 mm to 0.15 mm, and the thickness of the second annular structure is 0.1 mm to 0.15 mm.

[0078] In these embodiments, when the diameter of the first columnar structure is 1.1 mm, the thickness of the first annular structure can be 0.1 mm or 0.15 mm, and the outer diameter of the first annular structure can be 1.3 mm or 1.4 mm respectively. When the diameter of the first columnar structure is 1.2 mm, the thickness of the first annular structure can be 0.1 mm or 0.15 mm, and the outer diameter of the first annular structure can be 1.4 mm or 1.5 mm respectively. Similarly, when the diameter of the first columnar structure is 1.3 mm, the outer diameter of the first annular structure can be 1.5 mm or 1.6 mm; when the diameter of the first columnar structure is 1.4 mm, the outer diameter of the first annular structure can be 1.6 mm or 1.7 mm; and when the diameter of the first columnar structure is 1.5 mm, the outer diameter of the first annular structure can be 1.7 mm or 1.8 mm.

[0079] Similar to the first annular structure described above, the outer diameter of the second annular structure can be calculated from the outer diameter of the first annular structure and the thickness of the second annular structure.

[0080] For example, when the outer diameter of the first annular structure is 1.3 mm, the outer diameter of the second annular structure can be 1.5 mm or 1.6 mm; when the outer diameter of the first annular structure is 1.4 mm, the outer diameter of the second annular structure can be 1.6 mm or 1.7 mm; when the outer diameter of the first annular structure is 1.5 mm, the outer diameter of the second annular structure can be 1.7 mm or 1.8 mm; when the outer diameter of the first annular structure is 1.6 mm, the outer diameter of the second annular structure can be 1.8 mm or 1.9 mm; when the outer diameter of the first annular structure is 1.7 mm, the outer diameter of the second annular structure can be 1.9 mm or 2.0 mm; and when the outer diameter of the first annular structure is 1.8 mm, the outer diameter of the second annular structure can be 2.0 mm or 2.1 mm.

[0081] In some embodiments, the diameter of the first columnar structure is 1.3 mm, the outer diameter of the first annular structure is 1.6 mm, and the outer diameter of the second annular structure is 1.9 mm.

[0082] In these embodiments, the release rate and stability of the scale-inhibiting active ingredients in the scale-inhibiting material can be controlled within a better range.

[0083] In some embodiments, in the first columnar structure, the first annular structure, and the second annular structure, the mass percentage of zinc polycarboxylate powder is 11.3% in each, the mass percentage of calcium polyphosphate is 44.3% in each, and the mass percentage of the polymer substrate is 44.4% in each; or,

[0084] In the first columnar structure, the first annular structure, and the second annular structure, the mass percentage of zinc polycarboxylate powder is 19.6% in both cases, the mass percentage of calcium polyphosphate is 37.8% in both cases, and the mass percentage of the polymer substrate is 42.6% in both cases; or,

[0085] In the first columnar structure, the first annular structure, and the second annular structure, the mass percentage of zinc polycarboxylate powder is 10.5% in both cases, the mass percentage of calcium polyphosphate is 36.4% in both cases, and the mass percentage of the polymer substrate is 53.1% in both cases; or,

[0086] In the first columnar structure, the first annular structure, and the second annular structure, the mass percentage of zinc polycarboxylate powder is 14.5%, the mass percentage of calcium polyphosphate is 38.0%, and the mass percentage of polymer substrate is 47.5%.

[0087] In these embodiments, these scale inhibitors exhibit good phosphorus leaching stability, and the scale inhibitors have good processing and molding properties, resulting in higher scale inhibition and antibacterial rates.

[0088] Phosphorus leaching stability is used to characterize the change in phosphorus leaching amount. During the entire dissolution process of the scale inhibitor material, the greater the change in phosphorus leaching amount over time, the worse its phosphorus leaching stability is, and vice versa.

[0089] Secondly, some embodiments of this application provide a method for preparing a scale inhibitor material, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the preparation method includes the following steps S11~S12:

[0090] S11. Prepare multiple portions of raw materials for scale inhibitors; each portion of raw material for scale inhibitors is a mixture of polymer-based granules and scale inhibitory active ingredients, wherein the polymer-based granules and the scale inhibitory active ingredients are soluble in water, the scale inhibitory active ingredients are in powder form, and under the same composition ratio, the average particle size of the scale inhibitory active ingredients in any two portions of raw materials for scale inhibitors is different from each other.

[0091] The fact that the polymer substrate and the effective scale inhibitor are water-soluble means that when multiple parts of the scale inhibitor material are prepared into a scale inhibitor material from raw materials, the scale inhibitor material can dissolve in water, thereby allowing the effective scale inhibitor in the scale inhibitor material to be continuously released into the water. This effective scale inhibitor then complexes calcium ions and other ions in the water, thus achieving a scale-inhibiting effect. The effective scale inhibitor may, for example, include a complexing scale inhibitor material.

[0092] Under the same composition ratio, the average particle size of the scale-inhibiting active ingredients in any two parts of the raw materials for scale inhibitory materials are different. The explanation of the average particle size can be found in the above description, and will not be repeated here.

[0093] S12. Multiple portions of scale inhibitor material are added to different chambers of a multilayer extruder according to the different average particle sizes of their respective scale inhibitory active components, and columnar particles are prepared by co-extrusion and cutting. Along the radial direction of the columnar particles, the columnar particles include a multilayer structure stacked sequentially from the inside to the outside. In the multilayer structure, the first layer is columnar, and the remaining layers are annular structures, with each subsequent layer covering the circumference of the previous layer. In the radial direction gradually away from the first layer, in any two adjacent layers, the average particle size of the scale inhibitory active component in the outer layer is smaller than the average particle size of the scale inhibitory active component in the inner layer.

[0094] In the method for preparing scale inhibitor materials provided in this application embodiment, multiple portions of scale inhibitor raw materials are added to different chambers of a multilayer extruder according to the different average particle sizes of their respective scale inhibitory active components. The multilayer extruder is used to mix, melt, and extrude the multiple portions of scale inhibitor raw materials through different heating chambers, resulting in a multilayer scale inhibitor material. By adjusting the feeding chambers of the multiple portions of scale inhibitor raw materials, a multilayer structure can be obtained, ordered from the inside out by the average particle size of the scale inhibitory active components, from largest to smallest. During use, the ratio of the specific surface area to the volume of the scale inhibitor material increases with dissolution, thus reducing the average particle size of the scale inhibitory active components in the scale inhibitor material. As the dissolution rate increases, the system can effectively increase the release rate of the effective scale-inhibiting components in the early stage while decreasing the release rate in the later stage. This effectively balances the release rate of the effective scale-inhibiting components in the early and late stages of use, ensuring a stable release of the effective scale-inhibiting components in both stages. This solves the problems of insufficient scale inhibition efficiency in the early stage and excessively high scale inhibition efficiency leading to rapid consumption in the later stage, which are common with complexing scale-inhibiting materials in related technologies. Furthermore, it addresses the difficulty in effectively controlling the release rate of the effective scale-inhibiting components in complexing scale-inhibiting materials, thus broadening the application scope and scenarios of complexing scale-inhibiting materials.

[0095] In some embodiments, the multilayer extruder includes a plurality of heating chambers, wherein the outlet of the first heating chamber is cylindrical, and the outlets of the remaining heating chambers are coaxially arranged with the outlet of the first heating chamber, and the outlet of the subsequent heating chamber is arranged around the outlet of the preceding heating chamber; S12, including:

[0096] Multiple scale inhibitor materials are added to multiple heating chambers arranged sequentially from the first heating chamber in a multilayer extruder according to the average particle size of their respective scale inhibitory active components from largest to smallest. The molten material in each heating chamber is co-extruded by the screw in each heating chamber and then cooled to obtain strip material.

[0097] The strip material is cut into segments along its length to obtain columnar particles.

[0098] In these embodiments, multiple portions of scale inhibitor material raw materials are added to multiple heating chambers arranged sequentially from the first heating chamber in order of decreasing average particle size of their respective scale inhibitory active components. Since the outlet of the first heating chamber is columnar, and the outlets of the remaining heating chambers are coaxially arranged with the outlet of the first heating chamber, and the outlet of the subsequent heating chamber surrounds the outlet of the previous heating chamber, after the scale inhibitor material raw materials in each heating chamber are heated to melt, the molten material in each heating chamber is co-extruded by the screw in each heating chamber. This yields a multi-layer strip structure in which the average particle size of the scale inhibitory active components is arranged from the inside to the outside in descending order. By segmenting the multi-layer strip structure along its length, columnar particles of the multi-layer structure can be obtained.

[0099] In some embodiments, the temperature of the co-extrusion can be 140°C to 230°C.

[0100] In some embodiments, the columnar particle can be a cylinder with a diameter of 1.9 mm to 2.2 mm and a height of 9.8 mm to 10.2 mm.

[0101] In these embodiments, when the columnar particle comprises a first columnar structure, a first annular structure, and a second annular structure, the diameter of the cylinder is equal to the outer diameter of the second annular structure.

[0102] In some embodiments, S11 includes:

[0103] S111, Preparation of calcium polyphosphate monomer;

[0104] S112. The calcium polyphosphate monomer and zinc polycarboxylate powder are mixed and sintered to copolymerize the calcium polyphosphate monomer to obtain a block polymer, and the zinc polycarboxylate powder is dispersed in the block polymer.

[0105] S113. The block polymer is crushed into multiple powdered scale inhibitors, and the average particle size of any two powdered scale inhibitors is different.

[0106] S114. Mix multiple portions of powdered scale inhibitory active ingredients with multiple portions of polymer matrix granules contained in the raw materials for scale inhibitory materials to prepare multiple portions of raw materials for scale inhibitory materials.

[0107] In these embodiments, the calcium polyphosphate monomer and zinc polycarboxylate powder are mixed and sintered to copolymerize the calcium polyphosphate monomer, thereby obtaining a calcium polyphosphate block polymer. The zinc polycarboxylate powder is dispersed in the block polymer. Then, by crushing the block polymer, a scale inhibitory active ingredient with a uniform composition but different average particle sizes can be obtained. By mixing multiple powdered scale inhibitory active ingredients with different average particle sizes with multiple granules of the polymer matrix contained in the scale inhibitory material raw material, multiple scale inhibitory material raw materials with the same composition ratio but different average particle sizes of the scale inhibitory active ingredient can be prepared.

[0108] In some embodiments, S111, preparing calcium polyphosphate monomer, may include:

[0109] Preparation of phosphoric acid aqueous solution;

[0110] A suspension of calcium hydroxide is prepared by mixing calcium hydroxide and water;

[0111] Slowly add the phosphoric acid aqueous solution to the calcium hydroxide suspension while stirring, until the pH of the liquid is 2~2.5;

[0112] The mixed liquid with a pH of 2-2.5 is reacted at a constant temperature of 60℃-90℃ for 0.5h-3h to precipitate solid calcium polyphosphate monomer. Then, the solid calcium polyphosphate monomer is separated from the solution by centrifugation to obtain the calcium polyphosphate monomer.

[0113] The preparation of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution may include: mixing phosphoric acid and water and heating to prepare the phosphoric acid aqueous solution, wherein the mass percentage of phosphoric acid in the phosphoric acid aqueous solution may be 60% to 80%, and the heating temperature may be 60°C to 90°C.

[0114] In some embodiments, the mass percentage of calcium hydroxide in the suspension can be 20% to 30%, and the temperature of the suspension can be 60°C to 90°C.

[0115] In some embodiments, in S112, the particle size of the zinc polycarboxylate powder can be 15 μm to 25 μm.

[0116] In some embodiments, in S113, the sintering temperature can be 800°C to 850°C, and the time can be 20h to 25h.

[0117] In these embodiments, the degree of polymerization of calcium polyphosphate can be effectively increased, thereby increasing the molecular weight of calcium polyphosphate to reduce solubility and improve sustained-release performance.

[0118] In some embodiments, in S114, the average particle size of the polymer substrate granules is 20 μm to 25 μm.

[0119] In order to objectively evaluate the technical effects of the embodiments of this application, this application will be described in detail by way of example through the following embodiments and comparative examples.

[0120] In the following examples and comparative examples, all raw materials were commercially available, and to maintain the reliability of the experiments, the raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples had the same physical and chemical parameters or were prepared by the same processing method.

[0121] Example 1

[0122] Example 1 provides a scale inhibitor material, and the preparation method of the scale inhibitor material is as follows:

[0123] (1) Preheat the phosphoric acid aqueous solution with a mass percentage of 70% to 80°C.

[0124] (2) Mix calcium hydroxide and water evenly to form a suspension with a calcium hydroxide mass percentage of 25%, and maintain the temperature of the suspension at 80℃.

[0125] (3) Slowly add the phosphoric acid aqueous solution prepared in step (1) to the calcium hydroxide suspension prepared in step (2) while stirring until the pH value of the liquid is 2.3.

[0126] (4) The liquid after mixing in step (3) is reacted at 80°C for 2 hours to precipitate solid calcium polyphosphate monomer. The solid calcium polyphosphate monomer is separated from the solution by centrifugation and set aside for later use.

[0127] (5) The solid calcium polyphosphate monomer prepared in step (4) and the zinc polycarboxylate powder with an average particle size of 20 μm are mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 44.3:11.3, and then sintered at 820℃ for 22 h to obtain a block polymer material.

[0128] (6) The block polymer material prepared in step (5) is crushed into three polymer powders (i.e. scale inhibitors) by a crushing device. The average particle sizes of the three scale inhibitors are 52 μm, 62 μm and 72 μm, respectively.

[0129] (7) The three effective scale inhibitors prepared in step (6) are mixed with PE micro powder with an average particle size of 22 μm at a mass ratio of 55.6:44.4, and extruded and cut by a three-layer hot extruder to form columnar particles with a diameter of 2 mm and a height of 10 mm. The three-layer hot extruder includes three heating chambers. The outlet of the first heating chamber is columnar with an inner diameter of 1.3 mm. The outlets of the second and third heating chambers are coaxially arranged with the outlet of the first heating chamber. The outlet of the second heating chamber surrounds the outlet of the first heating chamber with an inner diameter of 1.6 mm. The outlet of the third heating chamber surrounds the outlet of the second heating chamber with an inner diameter of 1.9 mm. The extrusion temperature is 200 °C.

[0130] Example 2

[0131] The preparation method of the scale inhibitor material provided in Example 2 is basically the same as that of the scale inhibitor material provided in Example 1, except that:

[0132] In step (5), the mass ratio of solid calcium polyphosphate monomer and zinc polycarboxylate powder with an average particle size of 20 μm is 37.8:19.6.

[0133] In step (7), the mass ratio of the three effective scale inhibitors to PE micro powder with an average particle size of 22 μm is 57.4:42.6.

[0134] Example 3

[0135] The preparation method of the scale inhibitor material provided in Example 3 is basically the same as that of the scale inhibitor material provided in Example 1, except that:

[0136] In step (5), the mass ratio of solid calcium polyphosphate monomer and zinc polycarboxylate powder with an average particle size of 20 μm is 36.4:10.5;

[0137] In step (7), the mass ratio of the three effective scale inhibitors to PE micro powder with an average particle size of 22 μm is 46.9:53.1.

[0138] Example 4

[0139] The preparation method of the scale inhibitor material provided in Example 4 is basically the same as that of the scale inhibitor material provided in Example 1, except that:

[0140] In step (5), the mass ratio of solid calcium polyphosphate monomer and zinc polycarboxylate powder with an average particle size of 20 μm is 38.0:14.5;

[0141] In step (7), the mass ratio of the three effective scale inhibitors to PE micro powder with an average particle size of 22 μm is 52.5:47.5.

[0142] Example 5

[0143] The preparation method of the scale inhibitor material provided in Example 5 is basically the same as that of the scale inhibitor material provided in Example 1, except that:

[0144] In step (5), the mass ratio of solid calcium polyphosphate monomer and zinc polycarboxylate powder with an average particle size of 20 μm is 35.2:21.2;

[0145] In step (7), the mass ratio of the three effective scale inhibitors to PE micro powder with an average particle size of 22 μm is 56.4:43.6.

[0146] Example 6

[0147] The preparation method of the scale inhibitor material provided in Example 6 is basically the same as that of the scale inhibitor material provided in Example 1, except that:

[0148] In step (5), the mass ratio of solid calcium polyphosphate monomer and zinc polycarboxylate powder with an average particle size of 20 μm is 47.7:8.2;

[0149] In step (7), the mass ratio of the three scale-inhibiting active ingredients to PE micro powder with an average particle size of 22 μm is 55.9:44.1.

[0150] Example 7

[0151] The preparation method of the scale inhibitor material provided in Example 7 is basically the same as that of the scale inhibitor material provided in Example 1, except that:

[0152] In step (5), the mass ratio of solid calcium polyphosphate monomer to zinc polycarboxylate powder with an average particle size of 20 μm is 43.2:18.9;

[0153] In step (7), the mass ratio of the three effective scale inhibitors to PE micro powder with an average particle size of 22 μm is 62.1:37.9.

[0154] Example 8

[0155] The preparation method of the scale inhibitor material provided in Example 8 is basically the same as that of the scale inhibitor material provided in Example 1, except that:

[0156] In step (5), the mass ratio of solid calcium polyphosphate monomer to zinc polycarboxylate powder with an average particle size of 20 μm is 33.2:10.4;

[0157] In step (7), the mass ratio of the three scale-inhibiting active ingredients to PE micro powder with an average particle size of 22 μm is 43.6:56.4.

[0158] Comparative Example 1

[0159] The preparation method of the scale inhibitor material provided in Example 1 is basically the same as that provided in Example 1, except that:

[0160] In step (5), the mass ratio of solid calcium polyphosphate monomer to zinc polycarboxylate powder with an average particle size of 20 μm is 33.2:10.4;

[0161] In step (6), the block polymer material prepared in step (5) is crushed into a polymer powder with an average particle size of 62 μm by a crushing device, and the polymer powder is used as the effective scale inhibitor.

[0162] In step (7), the scale inhibitory active ingredient prepared in step (6) is mixed with PE micro powder with an average particle size of 22 μm at a mass ratio of 43.6:56.4, and then extruded and cut into columnar particles of the same size as in Example 1 by a single-layer hot extruder. That is, the single-layer hot extruder contains only one columnar outlet with an inner diameter of 1.9 mm.

[0163] Test case

[0164] 1. The phosphorus leaching amount of the scale inhibitor materials provided in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1 was tested. The test method was as follows: A filter cartridge containing 10g of scale inhibitor material was subjected to a 40°C water flow test at a flow rate of 4.4L / min using water with a hardness of 320mg / L and an alkalinity of 160mg / L. A total of 48t of water was passed through, and water samples were taken every 4 tons. The phosphorus leaching amount in the test water samples of the scale inhibitor materials provided in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1 was tested using ICP analysis. The changes in phosphorus leaching amount in the test water samples of the scale inhibitor materials provided in Examples 1 and Comparative Example 1 during the entire water flow process are shown below. Figure 2 As shown.

[0165] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that the phosphorus leaching amount of scale inhibitors produced by multi-layer extrusion is significantly more stable during water flow than that of scale inhibitors produced by single-layer extrusion.

[0166] The stability of phosphorus leaching was evaluated by taking the squared difference of the phosphorus leaching amount measured in the test water samples of the scale inhibitors provided in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1. The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0167] 2. The scale inhibition rate of the scale inhibitors provided in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1 was tested. The test method was as follows: 1L of test water with a total hardness of 700mg / L and a total alkalinity of 360mg / L was taken, 10g of scale inhibitor was soaked in it for 30min, and the supernatant was taken out as the scale inhibition water sample. The scale inhibition rate of the scale inhibitors provided in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1 was tested and calculated according to 8.0-9.0 of GB / T16632-2019 Determination of Scale Inhibition Performance of Water Treatment Agents by Calcium Carbonate Deposition Method. The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0168] 3. The molding of the scale inhibitors provided in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1 during the hot extrusion process was examined, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0169] 4. The antibacterial rates of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli of the scale inhibitors provided in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1 were tested. The antibacterial tests were conducted in accordance with the Chinese National Standard GB / T 21510-2008 "Test Method for Antibacterial Properties of Nano-Inorganic Materials".

[0170] Table 1

[0171]

[0172] As shown in Table 1, the scale inhibitor materials provided in Examples 1-6 and Example 8 of this application exhibit good stability in phosphorus leaching, with a squared difference in phosphorus leaching amount ≤3. They also demonstrate high scale inhibition rates, reaching over 91.1% and even over 99%. Furthermore, the antibacterial rates against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli can reach over 99.5%, demonstrating excellent antibacterial properties. However, in Example 7, the low PE powder content led to failure in hot extrusion molding of the scale inhibitor material, making it impossible to prepare the desired shape.

[0173] Comparative Examples 1-8 show that by controlling the mass percentage of the polymer substrate within the range of 42%-55%, the mass percentage of zinc polycarboxylate powder within the range of 10%-20%, and the remainder being calcium polyphosphate, the scale inhibitor material can maintain a high scale inhibition rate, Staphylococcus aureus antibacterial rate, and Escherichia coli antibacterial rate, as well as a high phosphorus leaching stability, while achieving normal molding of the scale inhibitor material, thus exhibiting excellent comprehensive performance.

[0174] Comparing Example 5 with Examples 1-4, it can be seen that when the content of zinc polycarboxylate powder is too high, the content of solid calcium polyphosphate monomer will be too low, thereby reducing the scale inhibition rate.

[0175] Comparing Example 6 with Examples 1-4, it can be seen that when the content of zinc polycarboxylate powder is too low, the antibacterial rate of Staphylococcus aureus and the antibacterial rate of Escherichia coli decrease.

[0176] Comparing Example 8 with Examples 1-4, it can be seen that when the PE powder content is too high, the content of solid calcium polyphosphate monomer will be too low, thereby reducing the scale inhibition rate.

[0177] Comparing Comparative Example 1 and Example 1, it can be seen that the stability of phosphorus leaching is significantly reduced when using a single-layer extrusion process.

[0178] In summary, the scale inhibitor prepared by the method provided in this application has good performance in various aspects (such as phosphorus leaching stability, scale inhibition rate, antibacterial rate, and extrusion molding properties). It can make the scale inhibitor material have both good scale inhibition performance and antibacterial performance, and the raw materials have good biocompatibility, which can broaden the application scope and application scenarios of the scale inhibitor material.

[0179] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0180] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A scale inhibitor material, characterized in that, The scale inhibitor is columnar particles, which have a multi-layer structure stacked sequentially from the inside to the outside along their radial direction. The first layer is columnar, and the remaining layers are all ring-shaped, with each subsequent layer covering the periphery of the previous layer. Each layer structure includes: a polymer substrate and a scale-inhibiting active ingredient dispersed in the polymer substrate; The scale inhibitor is water-soluble and includes calcium polyphosphate and zinc polycarboxylate powder dispersed in the calcium polyphosphate. The scale inhibitor accounts for more than or equal to 45% of the mass of each layer. The scale inhibitor is in powder form, and in any two adjacent layers in a radial direction gradually away from the first layer, the average particle size of the scale inhibitor in the outer layer is smaller than that in the inner layer under the same composition ratio.

2. The scale inhibitor material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scale inhibitor material satisfies at least one of the following conditions: (1) The materials used to prepare the polymer substrate include: PE; (2) In each layer structure, the polymer substrate accounts for 42% to 55% of the mass, the zinc polycarboxylate accounts for 10% to 20% of the mass, and the remainder is the calcium polyphosphate; (3) The average particle size of the zinc polycarboxylate powder is 15μm~25μm.

3. The scale inhibitor material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The columnar particles include: a first columnar structure, a first annular structure, and a second annular structure stacked sequentially along its radial direction, wherein the first annular structure covers the circumferential surface of the first columnar structure, and the second annular structure covers the circumferential surface of the first annular structure. In the first columnar structure, the average particle size of the scale-inhibiting active ingredient is 70μm~75μm; in the first annular structure, the average particle size of the scale-inhibiting active ingredient is 60μm~65μm; and in the second annular structure, the average particle size of the scale-inhibiting active ingredient is 50μm~55μm.

4. The scale inhibitor material according to claim 3, characterized in that, The columnar particles are cylindrical, the diameter of the first columnar structure is 1.1 mm to 1.5 mm, the thickness of the first annular structure is 0.1 mm to 0.15 mm, and the thickness of the second annular structure is 0.1 mm to 0.15 mm.

5. The scale inhibitor material according to claim 4, characterized in that, The diameter of the first columnar structure is 1.3 mm, the outer diameter of the first annular structure is 1.6 mm, and the outer diameter of the second annular structure is 1.9 mm.

6. The scale inhibitor material according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the first columnar structure, the first annular structure, and the second annular structure, the zinc polycarboxylate powder accounts for 11.3% of the mass in each structure, the calcium polyphosphate accounts for 44.3% of the mass in each structure, and the polymer substrate accounts for 44.4% of the mass in each structure; or, In the first columnar structure, the first annular structure, and the second annular structure, the mass percentage of the zinc polycarboxylate powder is 19.6% in each case, the mass percentage of the calcium polyphosphate is 37.8% in each case, and the mass percentage of the polymer substrate is 42.6% in each case; or, In the first columnar structure, the first annular structure, and the second annular structure, the zinc polycarboxylate powder accounts for 10.5% of the mass in each structure, the calcium polyphosphate accounts for 36.4% of the mass in each structure, and the polymer substrate accounts for 53.1% of the mass in each structure; or, In the first columnar structure, the first annular structure, and the second annular structure, the mass percentage of the zinc polycarboxylate powder is 14.5%, the mass percentage of the calcium polyphosphate is 38.0%, and the mass percentage of the polymer substrate is 47.5%.

7. A method for preparing a scale inhibitor material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, include: S11. Prepare multiple portions of raw materials for scale inhibitors; each portion of the raw material for scale inhibitors is a mixture of polymer-based granules and scale inhibitory active ingredients, wherein the scale inhibitory active ingredients are soluble in water, and the mass percentage of the scale inhibitory active ingredients in each portion of the raw material for scale inhibitors is greater than or equal to 45%, wherein the scale inhibitory active ingredients are in powder form, and under the same composition ratio, the average particle size of the scale inhibitory active ingredients in any two portions of the raw material for scale inhibitors is different from each other. S12. Multiple portions of the scale inhibitor material raw materials are added to different chambers of a multilayer extruder according to the different particle sizes of their respective scale inhibitory active ingredients, and columnar particles are prepared by co-extrusion and cutting. Along the radial direction of the columnar particles, the columnar particles include a multilayer structure stacked sequentially from the inside to the outside. In the multilayer structure, the first layer is columnar, and the remaining layers are annular structures, with each subsequent layer covering the circumference of the previous layer. In the radial direction gradually away from the first layer, in any two adjacent layers, the average particle size of the scale inhibitory active ingredient in the outer layer is smaller than the average particle size of the scale inhibitory active ingredient in the inner layer.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The multi-layer extruder includes multiple heating chambers, wherein the outlet of the first heating chamber is cylindrical, and the outlets of the remaining heating chambers are coaxially arranged with the outlet of the first heating chamber, and the outlet of each subsequent heating chamber is arranged around the outlet of the preceding heating chamber; S12, including: Multiple portions of the scale inhibitor material are added to multiple heating chambers arranged sequentially from the first heating chamber of the multilayer extruder according to the average particle size of the scale inhibitory active components in descending order. The molten material in each heating chamber is co-extruded by the screw in each heating chamber and then cooled to obtain a strip material. The strip material is cut into segments along a direction perpendicular to its length to obtain the columnar particles.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, S11 includes: Preparation of calcium phosphate monomer; The calcium phosphate monomer and zinc polycarboxylate powder are mixed and sintered to copolymerize the calcium phosphate monomer to obtain a block polymer, in which the zinc polycarboxylate powder is dispersed. The block polymer is crushed into multiple powdered scale inhibitors, and the average particle size of any two powdered scale inhibitors is different. Multiple portions of the powdered scale-inhibiting active ingredient are mixed with multiple portions of granules of the polymer matrix contained in the raw material for the scale-inhibiting material to prepare multiple portions of the raw material for the scale-inhibiting material.

10. The preparation method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The preparation method satisfies at least one of the following conditions: (1) The co-extrusion temperature is 140℃~230℃; (2) The sintering temperature is 800℃~850℃ and the time is 20h~25h; (3) The average particle sizes of the multiple powdered scale inhibitory active ingredients are 50μm~55μm, 60μm~65μm and 70μm~75μm, respectively; (4) The average particle size of the polymer substrate granules is 20 μm ~ 25 μm.

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