Electromagnetic-friction nanohybrid generator for wind energy harvesting

Abstract

This invention discloses an electromagnetic-triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting, belonging to the field of wind energy technology. It includes a stator housing, within which a triboelectric nanogenerator module and an electromagnetic generator module are encapsulated. The electromagnetic generator module and the triboelectric nanogenerator module are coupled and interlocked, connected via a coaxial connector. This invention employs the aforementioned electromagnetic-triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting, redesigning its basic configuration and working principle. Based on a soft-contact triboelectric nanogenerator with a ternary dielectric triboelectric effect, this hybrid electromagnetic generator achieves highly efficient energy conversion by utilizing the triboelectric properties of the soft-contact material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind energy technology, and in particular to an electromagnetic-triboelectric nano-hybrid generator for wind energy harvesting. Background Technology

[0002] Among various forms of mechanical energy, wind energy has significant advantages. It is widely distributed, found almost globally, and has a wide range of wind speeds, making it valuable for use from light to strong winds. Wind energy is virtually unaffected by diurnal variations and weather conditions, providing a continuous energy supply even under variable climates, making it an ideal natural energy source. Furthermore, as a renewable resource, wind energy has a relatively small environmental impact, helping to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote sustainable development. Electromagnetic generators (EMGs) demonstrate good performance in wind energy conversion, but their large size, high construction costs, and complex mechanical design limit their widespread adoption and use in certain applications.

[0003] In recent years, significant progress has been made in the research of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) in the field of wind energy harvesting. Wind-driven triboelectric nanogenerators are gradually maturing and showing broad application prospects. With the continuous advancement of TENG technology, research on triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid nanogenerators has also developed rapidly.

[0004] Due to the characteristics of wind energy in real-world environments, such as large variations in wind speed, variable direction, and unpredictability, natural wind speed exhibits significant fluctuations in both time and space. From second-level to hourly levels, and even seasonal variations, wind speed can change considerably. Wind direction is not fixed but changes with climate conditions. The appearance and disappearance of natural winds are often difficult to predict accurately, especially on short timescales. This unpredictability poses challenges to the operation and scheduling of wind power systems, necessitating the use of advanced meteorological models and real-time monitoring technologies to improve prediction accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an electromagnetic-triboelectric nano-hybrid generator for wind energy harvesting. The basic configuration and working principle of the hybrid triboelectric nano-generator have been redesigned. Based on the triboelectric effect of ternary dielectric soft contact nano-generator, the hybrid electromagnetic generator achieves high-efficiency energy conversion by utilizing the triboelectric properties of soft contact materials.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an electromagnetic-triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting, comprising a stator housing, a triboelectric nanogenerator module and an electromagnetic generator module encapsulated within the stator housing, the electromagnetic generator module and the triboelectric nanogenerator module being coupled and fitted together, and the electromagnetic generator module and the triboelectric nanogenerator module being connected via a coaxial connector.

[0007] Preferably, the shape of the stator housing is adapted to the shape of the electromagnetic generator module and the triboelectric nanogenerator module.

[0008] Preferably, the triboelectric nanogenerator module includes a composite triboelectric layer, wherein the composite triboelectric layer includes a PDMS composite film electrode and a carbon cloth electrode. Both the PDMS composite film electrode and the carbon cloth electrode are disposed on the inner wall of the stator housing, and the PDMS composite film electrode and the carbon cloth electrode are arranged in seven sets of cross-arrangements.

[0009] Preferably, a copper foil is provided between the PDMS composite film electrode and the carbon cloth electrode, and the copper foil is electrically connected to an external circuit through a wire.

[0010] Preferably, the electromagnetic generator module includes electromagnetic coils, magnets, iron rod shafts, rotor supports, rotor housings, and gear sets. Both ends of the inner wall of the rotor housing are provided with internal toothed rings. There are eight electromagnetic coils, and every two are connected in series to form a coil group. The four coil groups are connected in parallel and distributed at equal intervals on the inner wall of the rotor housing. The coils are copper coils.

[0011] Preferably, the rotor support is fixedly connected to the iron rod shaft, the rotor support is placed inside the rotor housing, and both ends of the iron rod shaft connected to the rotor support are connected to gear sets. Eight magnets are placed on the rotor support, with two magnets forming a group, for a total of four groups, which are evenly distributed on the rotor support.

[0012] Preferably, the gear set consists of two sets, each including a main gear and four auxiliary gears. The main gear meshes with the four auxiliary gears respectively, and the auxiliary gears mesh with the internal gear ring on the rotor housing. The main gear is coaxially arranged with the coaxial connector.

[0013] Preferably, seven sets of PET supports are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rotor housing, and friction copper is connected to the end of the PET supports. The friction copper is in contact with the PDMS composite film electrode and the carbon cloth electrode.

[0014] Therefore, this invention adopts the above-mentioned electromagnetic-triboelectric nano-hybrid generator for wind energy harvesting. By redesigning the basic configuration and working principle of the hybrid triboelectric nano-generator, a soft contact triboelectric nano-generator based on the ternary dielectric triboelectric effect is used to achieve efficient energy conversion by utilizing the triboelectric properties of soft contact materials.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of an electromagnetic-triboelectric nanohybrid generator for wind energy harvesting according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor support structure of an embodiment of an electromagnetic-triboelectric nanohybrid generator for wind energy harvesting according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor housing structure of an embodiment of an electromagnetic-triboelectric nanohybrid generator for wind energy harvesting according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor housing and PET support structure of an embodiment of an electromagnetic-triboelectric nanohybrid generator for wind energy harvesting according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the stator housing structure of an embodiment of an electromagnetic-triboelectric nanohybrid generator for wind energy harvesting according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This invention relates to the voltage and current of an electromagnetic generator module at different speeds in an embodiment of an electromagnetic-triboelectric nanohybrid generator for wind energy harvesting.

[0022] Figure 7 This invention relates to a triboelectric nanogenerator module with voltage and current at different rotational speeds, representing an embodiment of an electromagnetic-triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting.

[0023] Figure Labels

[0024] 1. Stator housing; 2. Coaxial connector; 3. Rotor support; 4. Magnet; 5. Rotor housing; 6. Electromagnetic coil; 7. PET support; 8. Friction copper; 9. Carbon cloth electrode; 10. PDMS composite film electrode; 11. Copper foil; 12. Gear set. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, this invention provides an electromagnetic-triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting, comprising a stator housing 1, within which a triboelectric nanogenerator module and an electromagnetic generator module are encapsulated. The stator housing 1 protects the internal triboelectric nanogenerator module and electromagnetic generator module. The electromagnetic generator module and the triboelectric nanogenerator module are coupled and fitted together, connected via a coaxial connector 2. The electromagnetic generator module is lighter than the triboelectric nanogenerator module. Both the triboelectric nanogenerator module and the electromagnetic generator module are electrically connected to an intelligent energy management module.

[0029] The triboelectric nanogenerator module can generate electricity through the triboelectric effect under light to moderate wind speeds, while the electromagnetic generator module can effectively generate electricity under medium to high wind speeds. The intelligent energy management module is responsible for monitoring wind speed changes and dynamically adjusting the energy output ratio between the two parts based on real-time data, ensuring that the entire system can maintain a highly efficient and stable working state under various wind speed conditions.

[0030] Figure 6 In the figure, (a) represents the voltage of the electromagnetic generator module at different speeds. Figure 6 (b) in the figure represents the current of the electromagnetic generator module at different speeds. The five speeds are 30 r / min, 90 r / min, 150 r / min, 180 r / min and 240 r / min. Among the five speed gradients, the best performance is achieved at a speed of 240 r / min, with the voltage reaching 1.1V and the current reaching 150mA.

[0031] Figure 7In the figure, (a) represents the voltage of the triboelectric nanogenerator module at different rotational speeds. Figure 7 (b) in the figure represents the current of the triboelectric nanogenerator module at different speeds. The five speeds are 30 r / min, 90 r / min, 150 r / min, 180 r / min and 240 r / min. In the five speed gradients, the voltage in the steady-state state reaches 150 V and the current is 5.5 μA. The different speeds result in different frequencies of voltage and current.

[0032] The stator housing 1 is shaped to fit the electromagnetic generator module and the triboelectric nanogenerator module, with dimensions of 25cm × 20cm × 0.5cm. There are two sets of gears 12, each set including one main gear and four auxiliary gears. The main gear meshes with the auxiliary gears, and the auxiliary gears mesh with the internal gear ring on the rotor housing 5. The main gear has a diameter of 6cm, and the auxiliary gears have a diameter of 4cm.

[0033] The triboelectric nanogenerator module includes a composite triboelectric layer, which comprises a PDMS composite film electrode 10 and a carbon cloth electrode 9. The PDMS composite film electrode 10 is prepared by: preparing a PDMS adhesive solution with a PDMS adhesive and a curing agent in a 10:1 ratio; embedding barium titanate and carbon nanotubes in the PDMS adhesive solution in a certain proportion; removing air bubbles by ultrasonic vibration; pouring the solution into a template; and drying it in a vacuum drying oven to prepare the PDMS composite film electrode 10.

[0034] Both the PDMS composite film electrode 10 and the carbon cloth electrode 9 are disposed on the inner wall of the stator housing 1, arranged in seven sets of cross-shaped configurations. Through rotational friction with the friction copper 8, a potential difference is generated between the composite friction layers, thereby driving charge to flow between the layers and generating current. A copper foil 11 is disposed between the PDMS composite film electrode 10 and the carbon cloth electrode 9. The copper foil 11 can collect charge and is electrically connected to an external circuit via wires for efficient conduction and collection of the generated current. This structural design not only improves the triboelectric charging efficiency but also ensures effective charge transfer.

[0035] The electromagnetic generator module includes an electromagnetic coil 6, a magnet 4, an iron rod shaft, a rotor support 3, a rotor housing 5, and a gear set 12. Both ends of the inner wall of the rotor housing 5 are equipped with internal gear rings, such as... Figure 2As shown, the rotor support 3 is fixedly connected to the iron rod shaft, and the iron rod shaft is rotatably connected to the gear set 12 via bearings. The rotor support 3 measures 14cm × 15cm × 0.3cm and is placed inside the rotor housing 5. Both ends of the iron rod shaft connected to the rotor support 3 are connected to the gear set 12. Eight magnets 4, each measuring 40mm × 10mm × 4mm, are placed on the rotor support 3, arranged in four groups of two, evenly distributed on the rotor support 3. When the magnet groups on the rotor support 3 rotate clockwise, the electromagnetic coil 6 on the inner wall of the rotor housing 5 rotates counterclockwise under the drive of the gear set 12, inducing a current.

[0036] The electromagnetic coils 6 have a diameter of 3.5cm and there are eight of them. Every two are connected in series to form a coil group. The four coil groups are connected in parallel and evenly spaced on the inner wall of the rotor housing 5. The coils are copper coils. The arrangement of the coil groups ensures the high efficiency of electromagnetic induction.

[0037] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, seven sets of PET supports 7 are mounted on the outer surface of the rotor housing 5. Friction copper 8 is connected to the end of each PET support 7. The friction copper 8 is in contact with the PDMS composite film electrode 10 and the carbon cloth electrode 9. The PET supports 7 and the friction copper 8 are made of PET material film cut into 10mm × 10mm curved sheets. The rotor housing 5 measures 15cm × 20cm × 0.3cm. The friction copper 8 generates charge through friction with the PDMS composite film electrode 10 and the carbon cloth electrode 9 during rotation, and this charge is collected by the copper foil 11.

[0038] When the electromagnetic-triboelectric nano-hybrid generator for wind energy harvesting provided by this invention is used, the magnet assembly on the rotor support 3 rotates clockwise, and the electromagnetic coil 6 on the inner wall of the rotor housing 5 rotates counterclockwise under the drive of the gear set 12, inducing a current. Simultaneously, the rotor housing 5 rotates, driving the PET support 7 to rotate as well. The rotation of the PET support 7 causes the friction copper to rotate and rub against the carbon cloth electrode 9 and the PDMS composite film electrode 10, creating a potential difference between the composite friction layers. This drives the flow of charge between the composite friction layers, generating a current. The copper foil collects the generated current and transmits it through wires.

[0039] Therefore, this invention adopts the above-mentioned electromagnetic-triboelectric nano-hybrid generator for wind energy harvesting. By redesigning the basic configuration and working principle of the hybrid triboelectric nano-generator, a soft contact triboelectric nano-generator based on the ternary dielectric triboelectric effect is used to achieve efficient energy conversion by utilizing the triboelectric properties of soft contact materials.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic-triboelectric nanohybrid generator for wind energy harvesting, characterized in that: The system includes a stator housing, within which a triboelectric nanogenerator module and an electromagnetic generator module are encapsulated. The electromagnetic generator module and the triboelectric nanogenerator module are coupled and fitted together. The electromagnetic generator module and the triboelectric nanogenerator module are connected via a coaxial connector. Both the triboelectric nanogenerator module and the electromagnetic generator module are electrically connected to an intelligent energy management module. The electromagnetic generator module includes electromagnetic coils, magnets, iron rod shafts, rotor supports, rotor housings, and gear sets. There are eight electromagnetic coils, with each pair connected in series to form a coil group. The four coil groups are connected in parallel and evenly spaced on the inner wall of the rotor housing. The coils are copper coils. Both ends of the inner wall of the rotor housing are provided with internal toothed rings. There are two gear sets, including one main gear and four auxiliary gears. The main gear meshes with the four auxiliary gears, and the auxiliary gears mesh with the internal toothed rings on the rotor housing. The main gear is coaxially arranged with the coaxial connector. The rotor support is fixedly connected to the iron rod shaft. The rotor support is placed inside the rotor housing. Both ends of the iron rod shaft connected to the rotor support are connected to gear sets. Eight magnets are placed on the rotor support, with two magnets forming a group, for a total of four groups, which are evenly distributed on the rotor support. The triboelectric nanogenerator module includes a composite triboelectric layer, which includes a PDMS composite film electrode and a carbon cloth electrode. Both the PDMS composite film electrode and the carbon cloth electrode are disposed on the inner wall of the stator shell, and the PDMS composite film electrode and the carbon cloth electrode are arranged in seven sets of cross-arrangements. The PDMS composite membrane electrode was prepared by mixing PDMS adhesive and curing agent in a 10:1 ratio to form a PDMS adhesive solution. Barium titanate and carbon nanotubes were embedded in the PDMS adhesive solution. After removing air bubbles by ultrasonic vibration, the solution was poured into a template and dried in a vacuum drying oven to prepare the PDMS composite membrane electrode.

2. The electromagnetic-triboelectric nanohybrid generator for wind energy harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the stator housing is adapted to the shapes of the electromagnetic generator module and the triboelectric nanogenerator module.

3. The electromagnetic-triboelectric nanohybrid generator for wind energy harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A copper foil is placed between the PDMS composite film electrode and the carbon cloth electrode, and the copper foil is electrically connected to an external circuit through a wire.

4. The electromagnetic-triboelectric nanohybrid generator for wind energy harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Seven sets of PET supports are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rotor housing. Friction copper is connected to the end of the PET supports, and the friction copper is in contact with the PDMS composite film electrode and the carbon cloth electrode.

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