A simulation test device and method for damming body movement and accumulation characteristics

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of simulation test device and method of damming body movement and accumulation characteristics, device includes: chute one and chute two, chute one is inclined to be arranged, chute two is horizontally arranged, and the rotation angle of chute one and chute two can be adjusted;Rock-soil material slides from chute one into chute two, and slides, accumulates in chute two.This application test device can simulate the movement and accumulation process of full lateral limit debris flow and rock avalanche debris flow, not only can simulate straight type landslide of valley, but also can simulate valley deflection type landslide;By changing the vertical inclination of chute one and the horizontal angle of chute two, the accumulation of landslide under complex valley topography of different slope and slope foot deflection angle can be simulated.The method described in the application can more truly restore the movement and accumulation characteristics of debris flow and rock avalanche debris flow under complex valley topography, and can also simulate the movement process of different friction bottom bed, and place the impacted object in the horizontal tank to study the protection measures and hazards of landslide under complex valley topography.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of landslide dam simulation test technology, specifically relating to a simulation test device and method for the movement and accumulation characteristics of landslide dams. Background Technology

[0002] A landslide dam is a complex natural geological body formed under sudden extreme natural conditions such as earthquakes and heavy rainfall. It is created by the instability, sliding, or collapse of a mixture of soil and rock on a riverbank, resulting in its accumulation and stagnation in the river channel. The formation of a landslide dam determines that its material composition and structure differ from those of artificial dams and general geological bodies formed over a long period of time. Landslide dams have extremely irregular geometric shapes, highly heterogeneous material composition, poor structure and gradation, and a very high risk of collapse.

[0003] The formation processes of landslide dams vary considerably depending on their origin. The formation process mainly involves the movement of soil and rock masses and experiments on their depositional morphology. Related physical experiments primarily focus on the movement and depositional characteristics of debris flows and rockfalls. For example, Chinese patent application number 202010068991.2, entitled "A Simulation Test Platform for High-Level Landslide Debris Flow Anti-Collision Structure," uses a tilting hydraulic lifting platform to change the inclination angle of one of the primary chutes, simulating the movement of debris flows under various angle conditions. Another example is patent application number 202110678345.2, entitled "A Device and Test Method for Deducing the Collapse and Landslide Process of a Rock Block System," which studies the deposition of landslide debris within a depositional trough by controlling the slope angle to change the block velocity. Neither of the simulation test devices in these two documents can simulate gully-type landslides. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the limitations of existing devices in simulating gully-type landslides and studying the movement and deposition characteristics of debris flows and rockfalls in complex gully terrain. It proposes a simulation test device and method to simulate the movement and deposition characteristics of landslide dams.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] A simulation test device for the movement and accumulation characteristics of a landslide dam includes: a first chute and a second chute. One end of the first chute is hinged to a hinged support, and the other end of the first chute is connected to a lifting device. The lifting device lifts one end of the first chute, causing the first chute to be set at an angle.

[0007] One end of the second slide is set near the first slide via a rotating bracket. The first slide is connected to a hinged bracket. The bottom of the other end of the second slide is connected to a support roller. The rotating bracket and the support roller allow the second slide to be set horizontally, and the second slide can rotate horizontally relative to the first slide.

[0008] A connecting base plate and a side plate are provided between chute one and chute two; a material bin is provided in chute one, and the material in the material bin slides down from chute one, enters chute two through the connecting base plate, and accumulates in chute two.

[0009] This invention utilizes a horizontally positioned second chute to allow soil and rock material sliding down from an inclined first chute to continue sliding and accumulating within the second chute. This simulates the process of unstable, sliding, or collapsing riverbank soil-rock mixtures continuing to slide and accumulate within the river channel. In contrast, existing literature describes landslide material sliding directly from an inclined plate into the accumulation trough, without simulating the process of the landslide material sliding a distance before accumulating after entering the accumulation trough. This invention, by making the second chute horizontally adjustable, allows the device to simulate not only straight gully landslides but also gully deflection landslides. By changing the vertical inclination angle of the first chute and the horizontal angle of the second chute, it can simulate landslide accumulation in complex gully terrains with varying slope gradients and toe deflection angles.

[0010] Furthermore, the end faces of both chutes one and two are inverted trapezoids, which approximate the cross-sectional shape of the actual gully as closely as possible, simulating the movement and deposition process of fully confined debris flow and rockfall debris flow.

[0011] Furthermore, the sidewalls of both chutes 1 and 2 are made of transparent plexiglass, and high-speed cameras are installed on the top and sides of chutes 1 and 2. The transparent plexiglass sidewalls allow for direct monitoring of the sliding and accumulation process of the landslide dam. Simultaneously, the high-speed cameras capture the entire sliding and accumulation process from the side and front, and subsequent image processing enables quantitative analysis of particle motion morphology.

[0012] Furthermore, the sidewalls of both chutes 1 and 2 are made of two layers of transparent acrylic glass, with the outer layer being thicker than the inner layer, and the inner and outer layers are fixed together with bolts. Because the inner wall of the chutes is easily scratched by rock and soil materials, it is designed as a detachable two-layer structure to facilitate the replacement of the inner layer of acrylic glass on the sidewalls of the chutes.

[0013] Furthermore, a slot is provided near the supporting roller in chute two, and a baffle is slidably engaged in the slot. The baffle is used to prevent the sliding soil and rock material in chute two from sliding out.

[0014] Specifically, there are two hinge brackets, which are respectively set on both sides of the slide groove one; the connection structure between both sides of the slide groove one and the hinge brackets is the same, and it is described by one side of the slide groove one.

[0015] Bottom support 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of slide 1, and side support is fixedly connected to the side wall of slide 1. Bottom support 1 and side support are fixedly connected. Rotary connecting frame is fixedly connected to the side support. Rotary connecting frame and hinge bracket are correspondingly set. Hinges are provided in the hinge bracket and rotating connecting frame on the same side. Rotary connecting frame is connected to hinge shaft through bearing. Rotary connecting frame, side support and bottom support 1 are connected to the base together and form a whole with slide 1.

[0016] By using a lifting device to pull the top of the chute, the bottom of the chute can rotate around the hinged bracket, thus achieving an adjustable tilt angle.

[0017] Specifically, the rotating bracket includes a bearing base, a bearing, and a support plate. The bearing is supported on the bearing base, the bearing shaft is vertically arranged, and the support plate is set on the bearing. The bottom wall of the second slide is fixedly connected to a second bottom support. The bottom end of the second bottom support is fixedly connected to the support plate, so that the support plate, the second bottom support, and the second slide form a whole, which can rotate through the bearing.

[0018] When it is necessary to adjust the horizontal angle of slide 2, manually push the end of slide 2 where the support roller is installed, so that this end rotates around the rotating bracket, thereby making the horizontal angle adjustable.

[0019] Preferably, the connecting base plate overlaps between slide groove one and slide groove two, one end of the connecting base plate abuts against slide groove one, and the other end of the connecting base plate overlaps on the bottom support two of slide groove two, and this end has an arc structure.

[0020] Specifically, the side plates on both sides of slide rail one and slide rail two have the same structure. Taking one side as an example, the side plate includes:

[0021] Side plate 1, side plate 2, hinge baffle and hinge support, the hinge support is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting base plate, the hinge baffle is fixedly connected to the hinge support, the hinge baffle is vertically set, and a strip hole 1 is opened at one end of the hinge baffle near the slide groove 2;

[0022] One end of the side plate is fixedly connected to the slide groove two. The other end of the side plate is provided with a strip hole two. The position and size of the strip hole two are adapted to the strip hole one of the hinge baffle. By inserting a connector through the two strip holes, the side plate one is connected to the hinge baffle, and the side plate one and the hinge baffle are slidably connected.

[0023] One end of side plate two is fixedly connected to the hinge baffle, and the other end is a free end located outside of slide chute one. The material slides down from slide chute one and passes through side plate two, hinge baffle, and side plate one in sequence before entering slide chute two.

[0024] Because side plate 2 and connecting base plate are not fixedly connected to slide rail 1, slide rail 1 is not restricted by either of them when rotating vertically, and side plate 2 is always in a state of supporting slide rail 1; because side plate 1 is slidably connected to hinge baffle, and side plate 2 and side plate 1 are connected by hinge baffle, the end of side plate 1 and hinge baffle near slide rail 2 cannot be fixedly connected to connecting base plate, so slide rail 2 is not restricted by side plate when rotating horizontally.

[0025] An experimental method for simulating the movement and accumulation characteristics of a landslide dam includes the following steps:

[0026] Step 1: Level the chute, close the baffle of the material hopper, and select the required graded soil and rock material according to the test requirements, and put it into the material hopper;

[0027] Step 2: According to the test requirements, use a lifting device to lift slide 1 to a specific angle, adjust the angle of slide 2 to a specific angle, and then fix the rollers;

[0028] Step 3: Adjust the height and angle of the high-speed camera to ensure that the front and side shots are clear and fully recorded;

[0029] Step 4: Turn on the air pump to extract the gas from the cylinder, causing the baffle of the material hopper to open quickly, and the rock and soil material to slide freely down the chute.

[0030] Step 5: Record images of the rock and soil material sliding down in the first chute under these conditions, the sliding and accumulation process in the first chute, and the final accumulation location and morphology.

[0031] Step 6: Remove the tail baffle of chute 2, clean the soil and rock material inside chute 2, and repeat the above steps for the next set of tests.

[0032] After conducting multiple sets of tests, the inner layer of plexiglass on the side wall of the slide can be replaced before starting the next set of tests.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0034] The experimental device of this invention can simulate the process of unstable, sliding, or collapsing soil-rock mixtures on riverbanks, followed by continued sliding and deposition within the river channel. This device can simulate the movement and deposition process of fully confined debris flows and rockfall debris flows. It can simulate not only straight gully landslides but also gully deflection landslides. By changing the vertical inclination angle of chute one and the horizontal angle of chute two, it can simulate the landslide deposition situation in complex gully terrains with different slopes and toe deflection angles.

[0035] Each module of the device of the present invention is designed independently, which facilitates the replacement of worn parts and upgrades.

[0036] The method described in this invention can realistically reproduce the movement and deposition characteristics of debris flows and rockfalls in complex valley terrain. It can also simulate the movement process of different frictional substrates and place impacted objects in the second chute to study the protective measures and hazards of landslides in complex valley terrain. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a side view of the device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a top view of the device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the slide and the hinged bracket;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the slide groove 2 and the rotating support;

[0041] Figure 5 The structure shown depicts a connecting base plate installed between two slides;

[0042] Figure 6 The structure of the side plate installed between the two slides is shown;

[0043] Figure 7 The connection structure between the cylinder and the material bin baffle is shown;

[0044] Figure 8 The structure of the cantilever is shown;

[0045] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1-Material bin, 2-Chutter 1, 3-Chutter 2, 4-Cylinder, 5-Material bin baffle, 6-Hinged bracket, 7-Rotating bracket, 8-Baffle, 9-Support roller, 10-Lifting device, 11-Bottom support 1, 12-Side support, 13-Base, 14-Rotating connecting frame, 16-Hinge shaft, 17-Bearing base, 18-Bearing, 19-Bottom support 2, 20-Support plate, 21-Support base, 22-Connecting base plate, 23-Side plate 1, 24-Side plate 2, 25-Hinge baffle, 26-Hinge support column, 27-Strip hole 1, 28-Rubber membrane, 29-High-speed camera. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] like Figure 1 , 2As shown, a simulation test device for the movement and accumulation characteristics of a landslide dam includes: a first chute 2 and a second chute 3. The discharge end of the first chute 2 is hinged to a hinged support 6, and the feed end of the first chute 2 is connected to a lifting device 10. The lifting device 10 lifts this end of the first chute 2, causing the first chute 2 to be set at an angle. The feed end of the second chute 3 is set at the discharge end of the first chute through a rotating support 7. The bottom of the other end of the second chute 3 is connected to a support roller 9. The rotating support and the support roller make the second chute set horizontally, and the second chute can rotate horizontally relative to the first chute. A material bin 1 is provided in the first chute 2 to hold rock and soil material. The rock and soil material slides from the first chute into the second chute and slides and accumulates in the second chute.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, the hinge structure between the hinged bracket 6 and the discharge end of the chute 2 is as follows:

[0049] Bottom support 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of slide 1, and side supports 12 are fixedly connected to both side walls of slide 1. Bottom support 11 and side supports 12 are fixedly connected, and a rotating connecting frame 14 is fixedly connected to the side supports 12. There are two hinge brackets 6, each corresponding to a rotating bracket on both sides of slide 2. The hinge bracket and the rotating bracket on the same side share a hinge shaft 16. The rotating bracket is connected to the hinge shaft through a bearing. The rotating bracket, side supports 12, and bottom support 11 are all connected to the base 13, forming a whole with slide 2. This whole structure can rotate relative to the hinge bracket through the bearing and the hinge shaft. The hinge bracket 6 is fixed to the ground or the support base 21.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, the connection structure between the feed end of chute 2 3 and the rotating support is as follows:

[0051] The rotating bracket 7 includes a bearing base 17, a bearing 18, and a support plate 20. The bearing base 17 is fixed to the ground or to the support base 21. The bearing is supported on the bearing base, and the bearing's axis of rotation is vertically oriented. The support plate 20 is a disc structure with a sleeve on its bottom surface. The outer diameter of the sleeve is equal to or slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the bearing. The sleeve is fitted into the central hole of the bearing. The bearing can be a planar bearing, allowing the support plate 20 to sit entirely on the bearing. Under external force, the support plate 20 can rotate relative to the bearing base because of the bearing. A bottom support 19 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the slide groove 2. The bottom support 19 is vertically oriented, and its bottom end is fixedly connected to the support plate 20, making the support plate 20, the bottom support 19, and the slide groove 2 a single unit that can rotate via the bearing.

[0052] like Figure 5As shown, a connecting base plate 22 overlaps between slide 1 and slide 2. One end of the connecting base plate abuts against slide 1, and the other end overlaps on the bottom support 19 of slide 2, with this end having an arc structure. The width of the connecting base plate is larger than the width of the slide base plate. The connecting base plate can be designed to be relatively long. When slide 1 rotates, manual operation ensures that one end of the connecting base plate always abuts against slide 1. When slide 2 rotates, because this end has an arc structure and the rotation angle is relatively small, there is no interference between it and slide 2, and no interference with the side plates located on both sides above the connecting base plate.

[0053] like Figure 6 As shown, the side plate structures on both sides of slide 1 2 and slide 2 3 are identical. Taking one side as an example, the side plate includes:

[0054] Side plate 1 23, side plate 24, hinge baffle 25, and hinge support 26 are provided. The hinge support 26 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting base plate 22, and the hinge baffle 25 is fixedly connected to the hinge support 26. The hinge baffle 25 has a vertically oriented hinge, and a slotted hole 27 is provided at one end of the hinge baffle 25 near the slide groove 2. Side plate 1 23 is fixedly connected to slide groove 2 at one end, and a slotted hole 2 is provided at the other end of side plate 1 23. The position and size of the slotted hole 2 are adapted to the slotted hole 27 of the hinge baffle 25. By inserting connecting pins or other connecting parts through the two slotted holes, side plate 1 23 and the hinge baffle are connected together, and side plate 1 23 and the hinge baffle 25 can slide together. The bottom ends of side plate 1 23 and the hinge baffle are not fixed to the connecting base plate 22. One end of the second side plate 24 is fixedly connected to the hinge baffle, and the other end is a free end located outside the first slide. The second side plate 24 can be designed to be relatively long, so that it can cradle the first slide. The soil material slides down from the first slide and passes through the second side plate 24, the hinge baffle 25, and the first side plate 23 in sequence before entering the second slide.

[0055] The side plates are located above the connecting base plate. The bottom ends of side plate 1 (23), side plate 2 (24), and hinge baffle 25 are not fixed to the connecting base plate. When the sliding groove 2 rotates, side plate 1 (23) and hinge baffle 25 deflect above the connecting base plate, and the connecting base plate does not interfere with the side plates on both sides. It is necessary to ensure that the gaps between side plate 1 (23), side plate 2 (24), hinge baffle 25, and the connecting base plate are as small as possible to prevent soil and rock material from leaking out of the gaps. A rubber membrane is installed on the lower surface of the connecting base plate, i.e., between the connecting base plate and the bottom support 2, for sealing.

[0056] To reduce friction between the side plate 23 and the hinge baffle 25, a rubber membrane 28 can be placed between them.

[0057] The hinge baffle 25 can be made of steel, while the side panel 1 23 and the side panel 2 24 can be made of transparent resin glass.

[0058] like Figure 3As shown, the end faces of both the first sluice 2 and the second sluice 3 are inverted trapezoidal, simulating the shape of an actual ditch.

[0059] like Figure 7 As shown, the structure of material hopper 1 is as follows: it includes a material hopper baffle 5, which is an inverted trapezoidal plate. The material hopper baffle 5 is rotatably connected to the slide chute 1 via a hinge shaft. A portion of the material hopper baffle is located in the slide chute 1, and the material hopper 1 is formed by the material hopper baffle and the inner wall of the slide chute 1. A cylinder 4 is connected to the top side wall of the slide chute 1 via a hinge seat. The non-extension end of the cylinder is hinged in the hinge seat, and the extension end of the cylinder is hinged to the material hopper baffle. The cylinder 4 is connected to an air pump via a thin tube. By pumping air in and out, the material hopper baffle 5 is rapidly opened and closed around the hinge shaft. When the material hopper baffle 5 is located in the slide chute 1 and abuts against the inner side wall of the slide chute 1, the material in the material hopper will not leak out from the connection point; this is the closed state of the material hopper baffle. When the cylinder pulls the material hopper baffle to rotate, and the material hopper baffle is no longer in contact with the inner side wall of the slide chute 1, the material in the material hopper will slide out from the opening; this is the open state of the material hopper baffle.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the sidewall of slide 2 is made of transparent plexiglass, and the tilt angle of slide 2 is adjustable, while the rotation angle can be designed from 0 to 60 degrees; Figure 2 As shown, the sidewall of chute two is also made of transparent plexiglass. Both chute sidewalls can be double-layered, with the outer layer thicker than the inner layer, and secured with bolts. Because the inner wall of the chute is easily scratched by soil and rock, it is designed as a detachable double-layer structure for easy replacement of the inner plexiglass sidewall. A slot is provided at the tail of chute two, into which a baffle 8 is inserted. The baffle restricts the material sliding within chute two. Through the supporting rollers 9 and the rotating bracket 7, chute two can rotate horizontally, with a rotation angle designed from 0 to 45 degrees. The device consisting of chute one and chute two can be used to simulate gully-type landslides.

[0061] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, high-speed cameras 29 can be installed on the front and side of chute 1 2 and chute 3 2 to capture images of the movement process of the rock and soil material.

[0062] The base plates of chutes one and two can be made of steel, with a blue paint finish. Different friction pads of varying materials can also be laid on the chute base plates to simulate the movement and deposition characteristics of rockfall debris flows on different friction surfaces. Trapezoidal blocks of different sizes can also be added, such as... Figure 8 As shown, it is used to simulate the motion characteristics under the condition of sloping slope. Impacting objects can also be placed in the second sluice to study the landslide protection measures and hazards in complex valley terrain.

[0063] An experimental method for simulating the movement and accumulation characteristics of a landslide dam includes the following steps:

[0064] Step 1: Place the chute 12 flat, close the material hopper baffle 5, and select the required graded soil and rock material according to the test requirements, and put it into the material hopper 1;

[0065] Step 2: According to the test requirements, use the lifting device 10 to lift the slide 1 2 to a specific angle, adjust the angle of the slide 2 3 to a specific angle, and then fix the support roller 9 to ensure that it will not slip.

[0066] Step 3: Adjust the height and angle of the high-speed camera 29 to ensure that the front and side images are clear and fully recorded;

[0067] Step 4: Turn on the air pump to extract the gas from cylinder 4, causing the material bin baffle 5 to open quickly, and the granular material to slide freely down the chute 2.

[0068] Step 5: Record images of the granular material sliding down in chute 2, sliding and accumulating in chute 3, and the final accumulation location and morphology of the material under these conditions using a high-speed camera.

[0069] Step 6: Remove the baffle 8 at the tail of chute 2 3, clean the soil and rock material in chute 2, and repeat the above steps to conduct the next set of tests;

[0070] Step 7: After multiple sets of tests, replace the inner layer of plexiglass on the side wall of the slide and begin the next set of tests.

[0071] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation test device for the movement and accumulation characteristics of a landslide dam, characterized in that, include: Slide 1 (2) and slide 2 (3), the end faces of slide 1 and slide 2 are both inverted trapezoidal. One end of slide 1 (2) is hinged to the hinge bracket (6), and the other end of slide 1 (2) is connected to the lifting device (10). The lifting device (10) lifts one end of slide 1 (2) so that slide 1 (2) is tilted. One end of the slide groove 2 (3) is set near the end of the slide groove 1 (2) by a rotating bracket (7). This end of the slide groove 1 (2) is connected to the hinge bracket. The bottom of the other end of the slide groove 2 is connected to a support roller (9). The rotating bracket (7) and the support roller (9) make the slide groove 2 horizontally set, and the slide groove 2 can rotate horizontally relative to the slide groove 1. A connecting base plate (22) and a side plate are provided between chute 1 (2) and chute 2 (3); a material bin (1) is provided in chute 1 (2), and the material in the material bin slides down from chute 1, enters chute 2 through the connecting base plate, and accumulates in chute 2; The rotating bracket (7) includes a bearing base (17), a bearing (18) and a support plate (20). The bearing is supported on the bearing base, the bearing shaft is set vertically, and the support plate is set on the bearing. The bottom wall of the slide groove is fixedly connected to the bottom support (19). The bottom end of the bottom support is fixedly connected to the support plate (20), so that the support plate, the bottom support and the slide groove form a whole and can rotate through the bearing. The side plates on both sides of slide rail one and slide rail two have the same structure. Taking one side as an example, the side plate includes: Side plate 1 (23), side plate 2 (24), hinge baffle (25) and hinge support (26), the hinge support is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting base plate (22), the hinge baffle (25) is fixedly connected to the hinge support (26), the hinge baffle (25) is vertically set, and a strip hole 1 (27) is opened at one end of the hinge baffle (25) near the slide groove 2; One end of the side plate (23) near the slide groove (3) is fixedly connected to the slide groove. The other end of the side plate has a strip hole (2). The position and size of the strip hole (2) are adapted to the strip hole (27) of the hinge baffle (25). By inserting a connector through the two strip holes, the side plate (23) is connected to the hinge baffle (25), and the side plate (23) and the hinge baffle (25) are slidably connected. One end of the second side plate (24) is fixedly connected to the hinge baffle, and the other end is a free end located outside the first slide. The material slides down from the first slide and passes through the second side plate (24), the hinge baffle (25), and the first side plate (23) in sequence before entering the second slide.

2. The simulation test device for the movement and accumulation characteristics of a landslide dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side walls of both slides 1 and 2 are made of transparent plexiglass, and high-speed cameras are installed on the top and sides of slides 1 and 2.

3. The simulation test device for the movement and accumulation characteristics of a landslide dam according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sidewalls of both slide 1 and slide 2 are made of two layers of transparent plexiglass, with the outer layer being thicker than the inner layer, and the inner and outer layers are fixed together with bolts.

4. The simulation test device for the movement and accumulation characteristics of a landslide dam as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A slot is provided near the support roller in the second (3) slide, and a baffle (8) is provided in the slot.

5. The simulation test device for the movement and accumulation characteristics of a landslide dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two hinge brackets (6), which are respectively set on both sides of the slide groove (2); the connection structure of both sides of the slide groove is the same as that of the hinge bracket, and is described by one side of the slide groove. Bottom support 1 (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of slide 1, and side support 12 is fixedly connected to the side wall of slide 1. Bottom support 1 (11) and side support 12 are fixedly connected. Rotary connecting frame (14) is fixedly connected to the side support. Rotary connecting frame and hinge bracket are correspondingly set. Hinges (16) are set in the hinge bracket and rotating connecting frame on the same side. Rotary connecting frame is connected to hinge shaft through bearing. Rotary connecting frame, side support and bottom support 1 are connected to base (13) together and form a whole with slide 1 (2).

6. The simulation test device for the movement and accumulation characteristics of a landslide dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting base plate (22) overlaps between slide 1 and slide 2. One end of the connecting base plate abuts against slide 1, and the other end of the connecting base plate overlaps on the bottom support 2 (19) of slide 2, and this end is an arc structure.

7. A test method for simulating the movement and accumulation characteristics of a landslide dam, characterized in that, Based on the test apparatus according to any one of claims 1-6, the steps include: Step 1: Flatten the chute (2), close the baffle (5) of the material silo, select the required graded soil and rock material according to the test requirements, and put it into the material silo (1); Step 2: According to the test requirements, use the lifting device (10) to lift the first slide (2) to a specific angle, adjust the angle of the second slide (3) to a specific angle, and then fix the roller (9). Step 3: Adjust the height and angle of the high-speed camera (29) to ensure that the front and side images are clear and recorded completely; Step 4: Turn on the air pump to extract the gas from the cylinder (4), so that the baffle (5) of the material bin opens quickly and the rock and soil material slides freely down the chute (2); Step 5: Record the images of the rock and soil material sliding in chute 1 (2), sliding and accumulating in chute 2 (3), and the final accumulation location and accumulation shape under the requirements of this test; Step 6: Remove the tail baffle (8) of the slide 2 (3), clean the soil and rock material in the slide 2, and repeat the above steps to conduct the next set of tests.

Images