An exploration method for altered rock-type gold deposits in shallowly covered areas.

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of geological prospecting technology, specifically disclosing a method for exploring structurally altered rock-type gold deposits in shallowly covered areas. The method includes the following steps: first, regional geochemical anomalies are used to select the working area; then, 1:25,000 geochemical surveys, 1:10,000 soil profile surveys, and 1:10,000 geological surveys are used to gradually narrow down the prospecting target area; then, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are used to identify linear negative topographic development areas, and reconnaissance samples are collected by stripping soil to quickly locate gold-bearing structural alteration zones; then, trenching is used for surface control; then, the structural superposition halo method is used in conjunction with contour maps of ore body grade, ore body thickness, and the product of ore body grade and thickness to predict target locations, and deep drilling is conducted for verification; finally, the topography is restored to clarify the morphology, occurrence, scale, and resource potential of the gold mineralization. This invention is simple, causes minimal environmental disturbance, requires low investment, and is effective in covered areas, achieving rapid prospecting. It has achieved excellent gold prospecting results in the Qimantag Mangya River East area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological prospecting technology, and in particular to a method for exploring altered rock-type gold deposits in shallow overburden areas. Background Technology

[0002] The East Kunlun metallogenic belt is an important gold-producing area in Northwest my country, often referred to as the "golden belt." Gold deposits in this belt are mainly found in the eastern section of the East Kunlun, while no promising gold deposits have been discovered in the Qimantag area of ​​the western section. In the Mangyahe East mining area, bedrock outcrops are only found in the steep central mountain terrain; the rest is covered by Quaternary sediments, making it extremely difficult to directly detect mineralization and alteration clues on the surface, resulting in low direct prospecting efficiency. Therefore, how to develop a prospecting method for structurally altered rock-type gold deposits that meets the requirements of green exploration in similar shallowly covered areas has become an urgent problem for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention discloses an exploration method for altered rock-type gold deposits in shallow overburden areas. The present invention utilizes orogenic gold deposit metallogenic theory, 1 / 5 stream sediment surveying, 1:25,000 geochemical surveying, soil chemical profiling, UAVs, soil stripping for reconnaissance sampling, trenching, drilling, and other technologies to gradually narrow down the target area and control the gold-bearing target body, thereby improving the success rate of mineral exploration.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] An exploration method for structurally altered rock-type gold deposits in shallowly covered areas includes the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Based on the metallogenic theory of orogenic gold deposits and regional geochemical anomalies, analyze the known tectonic alteration rock type gold deposits and surrounding geochemical anomalies, and select areas with good elemental overlap and obvious concentration centers as the first preferred target areas.

[0007] Step 2: Conduct 1:20,000 geochemical measurements in the first preferred target area, and select areas with anomalous development of Au, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Sb, and As, good elemental overlay, and obvious concentration centers as the second preferred target area;

[0008] Step 3: Conduct 1:10,000 soil profile measurements for the second preferred target area. In areas with good elemental overlay and obvious concentration centers, and with 1:10,000 geological surveys, identify structural fracture zones with obvious hydrothermal alteration characteristics such as silicification, sericitization, kaolinization, and limonite mineralization, and determine them as the third preferred target area.

[0009] Step 4: For the third preferred target area, use UAVs to identify linear structural development areas and use soil stripping to collect reconnaissance samples to quickly locate the gold-bearing structural alteration zone, which is then identified as the fourth preferred target area.

[0010] Step 5: For high-value points or high-value segments of reconnaissance samples within the fourth preferred target area, as well as for the strip-shaped soil geochemical anomaly zones distributed along the structural zone, trenching and shallow drilling are used to control shallow ore bodies and delineate shallow ore bodies on the surface.

[0011] Step Six: For shallow ore bodies, use tectonic superposition halo technology combined with contour maps of ore body grade, ore body thickness, and the product of ore body grade and thickness to predict target locations and conduct deep drilling verification to determine the grade, thickness, and occurrence variations of deep ore bodies, delineate ore bodies, and estimate gold resource reserves.

[0012] Preferably, in step two, the 1:20,000 geochemical measurement is a 1:20,000 stream sediment anomaly measurement, with Au, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Sb, and As as the main elements for working analysis; the basic density is measured at 16-32 points / km², and samples are collected using a -10 to +60 particle size cutoff. The weight of the sieved samples is greater than 300g, with half sent for testing and half retained. Geochemical maps are created using GeoExpl software, and single-element anomaly maps and combined anomaly maps are created using Mapgis 6.7 software. Comprehensive anomaly maps and anomaly analysis maps are created by combining geological background and tectonic distribution characteristics.

[0013] Preferably, the regional geochemical anomaly in step one is a 1:50,000 stream sediment measurement anomaly, and the characteristic elements of the anomaly are Au, Cu, V, Ni, Sb, and As;

[0014] In step two, the 1:20,000 geochemical measurement selects areas with anomalous distributions of Au, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Sb, and As.

[0015] In step three, the 1 / 10,000 soil profile measurement selects areas where the elements Au, As, Sb, Cu, Pb, and Zn show good correlation.

[0016] Preferably, the soil profile measurement scale in step three is 1:10000 or 1:5000. During soil profile measurement, a high-precision handheld GPS is used for positioning. Samples are collected at horizontal point intervals of 40m / 10m, using a -10 to +60mm particle size distribution. The sampling medium primarily consists of fine rock debris, fine sand, and silt from layer C, with a cover thickness greater than 0.8m. Residual slope deposits from the lower part of layer B are also collected. The sample collection layers must be consistent. The weight of the sample after sieving should be no less than 200g. Geochemical integrated profile maps and anomaly analysis maps are created using software based on the test data. Combined with structural distribution characteristics, high-value segments or banded geochemical anomaly zones are delineated in the geochemical profile. Areas with high Au, As, and Sb sub-anomaly intensity in soil profile measurements, well-developed and well-connected middle and inner zones, and obvious concentration centers are the most favorable areas for mineral exploration.

[0017] Preferably, the soil stripping method in step four is as follows: the soil stripping is carried out in linear negative terrain, areas with thin Quaternary cover and no vegetation identified by the UAV; the soil stripping depth is 30-50 cm and the width is 30-60 cm, with the aim of clearly observing the mineralization alteration zone and taking samples from the zone.

[0018] Samples were collected using a continuous block picking method, with a sample length of 1-2 meters and a sample weight of more than 500g. Only gold was tested. The spacing between soil stripping was 40-80 meters to indicate the direction of the mineralization alteration zone. Gold-bearing structural alteration zones were quickly identified based on the test results.

[0019] Preferably, the operation process of using trenching in step five to shallowly expose, trace, and control the specific location, morphology, and characteristics of mineralized zones or mineralized bodies involves, based on the preliminary determination of the location of the surface ore-bearing geological body and the mineralized strata, and on the basis of on-site reconnaissance and inspection, specifically laying out the trenching project. The trenches are placed in areas without vegetation cover, easy to construct, with a cover thickness not exceeding 3m, in high-value reconnaissance sample areas, perpendicular to the strike of the tectonic alteration zone and the strike of the strata; the trench bottom width is not less than 0.8m, the depth is not greater than 3m, and it penetrates into the bedrock at least 0.3m deep, so that the top and bottom plates or sub-plates of the mineralized body can be clearly observed. The purpose is to measure the interface between layers and to measure the occurrence elements. Chemical sampling trenches are arranged at the junction of the trench wall and the bottom, and marked with sample numbers. Continuous trenching method is used for sampling. The trench size is 10×5cm. The error rate between the theoretical weight and the actual weight of the sample shall not exceed 10%. During sampling, the rock surface at the sampling point is cleaned, and a sampling cloth is laid out to ensure that the sample is not contaminated or splashed. The collection method is strictly carried out in accordance with the specifications, and samples are arranged in the same orientation and at the same dip angle. In areas where no chemical samples are collected, rock samples are used for control. After the trenching project achieves its geological objectives and passes acceptance, reverse backfilling is carried out to restore the topography.

[0020] Through trenching, mineralization alteration zones and mineralized bodies are revealed and controlled, and the morphology, occurrence, and scale of mineralized bodies are preliminarily determined, thus delineating surface mineralized bodies.

[0021] Preferably, in step six, the specific operation process for determining the grade, thickness, and occurrence of the deep ore body using drilling engineering technology is as follows: Using the delineated shallow ore body, boreholes are deployed, specifically located in mineralized areas on the surface, taking into account the occurrence of the rock mass or strata and the topography; the ore body dips at 60°, and the drilling is performed using 65°-85° inclined holes, employing large-diameter directional drilling, with a final drill bit outer diameter of not less than 75mm; the average core recovery rate within 5m of the ore body and its top and bottom plates is not less than 85%, and the average layered core recovery rate of the surrounding rock is not less than 80%; the borehole sampling method... The process involves splitting the core in half along its long axis and ensuring uniformity of mineralization. One half is sent to a testing unit for basic analysis, while the other half is retained for verification and research. Sampling on the mineralized body is done without crossing layers, with a basic sample length of 1.0m, a maximum sample length of 1.5m, and a minimum sample length of 0.4m. One to two edge samples are taken from the upper and lower plates of the mineralized body. In areas where no chemical samples are collected, rock samples are used for control. The drilling project determines the deep grade, scale, and occurrence variations of the mineralized body. After the drilling project achieves its geological objectives and passes acceptance, roads, rigs, and water tanks are backfilled in reverse order to restore the topography. Environmentally friendly drilling mud is used during the drilling operation.

[0022] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following superior effects:

[0023] This invention features a simple workflow, direct and effective methods, and a short working cycle, resulting in the discovery of a medium-sized gold deposit in a short period. Prospecting is guided by the theory of the East Kunlun orogenic gold deposit system, prioritizing sections with good reproducibility of anomalies in 1 / 50,000 and 1 / 25,000 geochemical and soil surveys, high intensity of Au, As, and Sb sub-anomalies, well-developed and well-connected central zones, and obvious concentration centers. The location of gold-bearing structural alteration zones is rapidly determined using 1 / 10,000 geological surveys, UAV identification of linear negative topography, and soil stripping for reconnaissance sampling. Further, trenching and shallow drilling are used to control shallow gold mineralization. Then, the structural superposition halo method, combined with contour maps of ore grade, thickness, and the product of grade and thickness, is used to predict target locations, which are then verified through deep drilling to clarify the morphology, occurrence, scale, and resource potential of the gold mineralization. Finally, the topography is restored to minimize environmental disturbance. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an exploration method for altered rock type gold deposits in shallow overburden areas, according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This refers to the 1 / 50,000 scale of the Donghe area of ​​the Mangya River in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. (V, Ni, Au, Co, As) Comprehensive Anomaly Analysis Diagram;

[0027] Figure 3 In Embodiment 1 of this invention, the area of ​​the Mangya River East River region is 1 / 25,000 GA. 11 甲 Comprehensive anomaly profile of Au (Cu, Ni, As, Mo, Co, Cr, Ag, Pb, Zn, Sb);

[0028] Figure 4 The AP value of 1 / 10,000 soil measurement in the Donghe area of ​​Mangya River in Example 1 of this invention. 3 甲 Comprehensive anomaly profile of Au (As, Sb, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag);

[0029] Figure 5 This is a simplified geological survey map of the Mangyahe East area at a scale of 1:10,000, as shown in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This invention provides a landscape image of the Mangya River East region taken by drone in Embodiment 1, and interprets the orientation of the gold-bearing tectonic alteration zone.

[0031] Figure 7 This invention relates to the UAV linear negative terrain identification and reconnaissance sample collection between exploration lines 64-80 in the gold-bearing tectonic alteration zones I and II in the Mangyahe East region, as described in Example 1 of this invention.

[0032] Figure 8 These are photographs of the trenching and chemical samples exposed in the trenching project of the No. 1 gold-bearing structural alteration zone in the Mangya River East area of ​​this invention, as shown in Example 1 of this invention.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a sketch of the No. 1 gold-bearing alteration zone trench exploration project in the Mangya River East area of ​​Embodiment 1 of the present invention, 20MTC09.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of exploration line 64 of the gold-bearing tectonic alteration zones I and II in the Mangyahe East area of ​​the present invention, in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] refer to Figure 1-10 Taking the Qimantag Mangya River East area in the western section of the East Kunlun Mountains as an example, the mineral exploration effect of the present invention will be explained.

[0038] I. The East Kunlun Orogenic Belt, where the Mangyahe East Gold Mining Area is located, is an important metallogenic belt in my country. Gold deposits within this belt are mainly found in the eastern section of the East Kunlun, while no promising gold deposits have yet been discovered in the Qimantag area of ​​the western section of the East Kunlun. This study utilizes orogenic gold mineralization theory and prioritizes the 1 / 50,000 scale stream sediment measurements in the Mangyahe East area of ​​the Qimantag area in the western section of the East Kunlun. (V, Ni, Au, Co, As) Comprehensive Anomaly ( Figure 2 This area serves as a key focus for anomaly checks.

[0039] Orogenic gold deposits were proposed by Groves et al. (1998) to emphasize the unique spatiotemporal connection between vein-like mineralization systems occurring in regional metamorphic terranes and orogeny. Initially, orogenic gold deposits referred only to syn-orogenic vein-like gold deposits occurring in the middle crust, compressional or transformed compressional environments. Later, the term was gradually expanded to include post-orogenic environments and continuous crustal mineralization models. Summarizing previous research, the main characteristics of orogenic gold deposits are as follows (Wang Jingbin et al., Classification, Metallogenic Model and Exploration of Orogenic Gold Deposits, 2024): ① Tectonically controlled epigenetic hydrothermal vein-like gold deposits occurring in metamorphic terranes; ② Close spatiotemporal connection with orogeny, developing in compressional or transformed compressional environments at convergent plate margins, mineralizing in the late stage of orogeny, with gold precipitation and tectonic deformation occurring simultaneously; ③ Continuous crustal mineralization, with mineralization depths ranging from 15 to 20 meters. The mineralization zone extends from km to near-surface environment and is divided into epizonal (<6km), mesozonal (6-12km), and hypozonal (>12km) zones based on mineralization depth. Mineralization can occur in metamorphic rocks ranging from granulite facies to greenschist facies, but most occur in greenschist facies environments. ④ The ore is composed of low-sulfide compounds, mainly pyrite-arsenopyrite, and the mineralization fluid is a low-salinity H2O-CO2-CH4 fluid.

[0040] The (V, Ni, Au, Co, As) composite anomaly is located in the north-central part of the Mangya River East region. The dominant element is Cu, and the characteristic assemblage elements are V, Ni, Au, Co, and As. The anomaly has an irregular morphology, with its long axis trending approximately northwest-southwest. The anomaly area is 24.8 km². 2 The Au and As anomalies show good correlation, while the Cu, V, Co, and Ni anomalies are closely related. The northwest segment of the anomaly consists of a large area of ​​Upper Pleistocene alluvial deposits; the terrain is flat and no geochemical samples were collected, therefore the northwest segment of the anomaly is not closed. The exposed rocks in the anomaly area are the Qimantag Group clastic rock group (OQ1) and the volcanic rock group (OQ2), which is a suite of clastic rocks, volcanic rocks, and carbonate rocks mainly composed of slightly metamorphosed clastic rocks. The long axis of the anomaly is consistent with the stratigraphic strike, indicating that it is stratigraphically controlled.

[0041] II. 1 / 25,000 Geochemical Measurement

[0042] The fieldwork methods for measuring sediments in 11,000 / 25,000 stream systems are as follows:

[0043] (1) Sample point layout

[0044] Sampling points were set up according to the characteristics of the work area and the geochemical conditions of the landscape. The sampling points for river sediments were set up using a 1:50,000 topographic map magnified to 1:25,000. The sampling density was controlled at 16-32 points / km², with no sampling in the main river system and the Quaternary alluvial-diluvial area. The sampling density was relatively increased in river system development areas, prospective mineralized areas, and remote sensing anomaly areas. In areas with difficult access, the sampling density could be appropriately reduced, generally not less than 16 points / km². Sampling points were mainly set up at the ends of river systems longer than 200 meters and at the mouths of tributary river systems. Additional sampling points were set up for river systems longer than 300 meters. In areas where small primary river systems developed in a feather-like pattern, the sampling points were set up in the middle of multiple river systems, and multiple river systems were sampled in combination. In intermittent flow, dry ditches, or dry riverbeds with little flow, sampling should be conducted at the bottom of the riverbed, primarily focusing on medium- to coarse-grained materials in the river sediments. Sampling points should be evenly distributed, using 0.25 square kilometers as the basic sampling unit on a 1 / 25,000 topographic map. Each basic sampling unit should be divided into four small grids (each small grid is 0.0625 square kilometers). The number of samples in each small grid should not exceed two, ensuring that each small grid has a sample distribution as much as possible, and there should not be five consecutive blank small grids.

[0045] (2) Sample point numbering

[0046] The sampling grid is divided into large sampling grids (0.25 square kilometers) using 500-meter lines, with each grid numbered sequentially from left to right and top to bottom. Each basic sampling unit is further divided into four smaller grids (0.0625 square kilometers each), numbered sequentially from left to right and top to bottom as a, b, c, and d. Samples collected in these smaller grids are labeled with Arabic numerals in descending order, such as a1, a2, b1, c1, etc. For example, 5c1 represents sample number 1 in the fifth large grid, c, and smaller grids.

[0047] (3) Determination of sampling particle size

[0048] The work area is located in the western section of the East Kunlun Mountains, and its geochemical characteristics categorize it as an arid and semi-arid alpine landscape. According to the Geochemical Survey Specification (1:50,000) (2015), the sampling grain size is -10 to +60 mesh. The "Qinghai Province 1:25,000 Geochemical Measurement Specification" (DB 63 / T 1936—2021) also recommends a sampling grain size of -10 to +60 mesh for geochemical scanning in alpine landscapes of Qinghai Province. Combined with previous 1:50,000 stream sediment measurements in this area, the sampling grain size was consistently -10 to +60 mesh, delineating multiple comprehensive anomalies including Au, Cu, V, Co, and Ni, yielding significant results. In conclusion, the use of a -10 to +60 mesh grain size in this geochemical measurement work effectively avoids interference from aeolian sands while enhancing anomalies, making it a feasible approach that effectively reflects the elemental geochemical distribution characteristics of this work area.

[0049] (4) Repeated sample layout

[0050] Taking into account the uniform distribution in the map sheet and different geological structural units, a repeat sampling grid and a repeat sampling point are randomly determined in advance. The number of repeat samples is 1% of the total number of samples, and each survey area should have more than or equal to 30 samples.

[0051] (5) Field sampling and location determination

[0052] Each day, the sampling points scheduled for the next working day are arranged into a flight path, and the coordinates of each sampling point on the flight path are measured from a 1:2.5000 topographic map, entered into GPS, and the alarm setting within 20m of the point is enabled to quickly locate the sampling points.

[0053] During fieldwork, a 1:2.5000 topographic map was used for navigation, and GPS was used for positioning to locate the water system and its specific location on the sampling point layout map. Near the pre-set point (within 25m above and below the specific sampling point), areas where coarse and heavy particles of sediment are easily retained were identified as actual sampling points. The weight of the initial sample was determined based on the particle size of the sample, but was never less than 500g. Samples were packaged in cleaned sample bags, which were then covered with plastic bags to prevent cross-contamination. After sampling, the sample numbers were marked with paint at the actual sampling points.

[0054] The use of handheld GPS in field sampling not only greatly improves the speed and accuracy of point positioning, but also ensures the sampling completion rate through GPS track monitoring. The specific procedures are as follows: before starting work, the integrity and consistency of the GPS devices used by each work group were checked; relevant GPS parameters were uniformly set; each work group turned on the GPS before the first sampling point of the day, and during sample collection, the sampling point number, coordinates, and track were stored for each sampling point until the last sampling point of the day was completed, after which the GPS was turned off; after work, the GPS devices were promptly handed over to the track management personnel, and the day's waypoints and tracks were saved and checked, and archived as original data.

[0055] (6) Field logging

[0056] The field sampling record includes: the map sheet where the sampling point is located, grid number, bag number, location and coordinates of the sampling point, sample properties and surrounding geology and mineralization, sampling date and person in charge.

[0057] The 1:25,000 topographic map used in the field was marked with ink at the end of each day's fieldwork, marked with small circles of 2mm diameter and assigned grid numbers. After a certain period of work, the entire contents of the hand map were transferred to another topographic map of the same scale to create a base map of the sampling points, with a transfer error of less than 0.5mm.

[0058] (7) Preliminary sample processing and management

[0059] The processing of field samples includes the following steps: drying, crushing, sieving, mixing, weighing, packing into paper bags, and boxing.

[0060] The sample processing team strictly supervises the samples handed over by the sampling team, checking whether the sample weight and medium meet the requirements. Any samples found to be contaminated, mixed, or incorrectly numbered are reworked. Upon receipt, samples are promptly air-dried and occasionally rubbed to prevent particles from clumping together. After drying, the samples are gently tapped with a wooden mallet to break down particles in the clay aggregate, preparing them for effective sieving. The particle size range for sieving is -10 mesh to +60 mesh, and the weight of both analytical and auxiliary samples is no less than 150g. Standard stainless steel sieves are used for sieving. Before processing each sample, the sieving tools are carefully inspected and cleaned to prevent contamination or the introduction of non-retrievable particles. The amount of non-retrievable particles mixed in does not exceed 5% of the processed sample mass. Before sieving, mixing, and bagging, samples are checked against the original handover form, cloth bag number, and sample paper bag number to prevent sample mis-numbering and swapping. Samples are promptly and orderly packed according to the delivery batch and delivery form, with the sample quantity and start and end numbers clearly marked on the outside of the box. Individual sample bags are tightly sealed, and when packed, they are lined with waterproof and moisture-proof plastic sheeting. Samples are separated into layers or individual packages, and the top of the box is filled with cardboard before being covered. The sample boxes are kept free from moisture and damage during storage and transportation.

[0061] II. Anomalies in 1:25,000 Stream Sediment Measurements

[0062] Based on the identification of single-element anomalies in this area and surrounding areas, 39 comprehensive anomalies were delineated using 1:25,000 stream sediment measurements. According to the anomaly classification principles of the "Qinghai Province 1:25,000 Geochemical Measurement Specification" (DB 63 / T1936—2021), there are 4 Class A anomalies, 29 Class B anomalies, and 6 Class C anomalies.

[0063] Major Exception (GA) 11 甲 Au (Cu, Ni, As, Mo, Co, Cr, Ag, Pb, Zn, Sb) is the largest and most intense gold anomaly in the Mangya River East region. Figure 3 The anomaly area is located in the northeastern part of the Mangya River basin, exhibiting an irregular northwest-southeast trend. It covers an area of ​​approximately 6.94 km². 2 The access road is exceptionally convenient, making transportation easy.

[0064] The anomaly area is located in the northeastern part of the Mangya River basin, exhibiting an irregular northwest-southeast trend. It covers an area of ​​approximately 6.94 km². 2 The access road is exceptionally convenient, making transportation easy.

[0065] The main exposed strata in the anomalous area are the Ordovician Qimantag Group volcanic rocks, clastic rocks, and a small amount of Quaternary strata. The main rocks of the Ordovician Qimantag Group volcanic rocks are altered andesitic basalt; the main lithology of the clastic rocks is siliceous clayey slate, siliceous rocks, and crystalline rocks; the Quaternary strata are from the Late Pleistocene alluvial deposits; intrusive rocks are not well developed in the area; and there are several reverse faults that extend in a parallel northwest-southeast band within the anomalous area.

[0066] The dominant anomalous element is Au, with characteristic assemblage elements including Cu, Ni, As, Mo, Co, Cr, Ag, Pb, Zn, and Sb. The Au anomaly consists of six sub-anomalies: Au12, Au13, Au16, Au17, Au20, and Au22. Among these, Au13, Au16, and Au22 sub-anomalies all exhibit tertiary concentration zoning and are relatively large. The Au13 sub-anomaly comprises eight points with an area of ​​0.39 km². 2 The elemental average is 332.73 × 10⁻⁶. -9 The peak value is 1710.0×10 -9 Au16 sub-anomaly, with 11 anomaly points and an anomaly area of ​​0.41 km². 2 The average element value is 8.91 × 10⁻⁶. -9 The peak value is 15.8×10 -9 Au22 sub-anomaly, with 38 anomaly points and an anomaly area of ​​1.80 km². 2 The average element value is 9.24 × 10⁻⁶.-9 The peak value was 38.1×10 -9 Au, Cu, Ni, Cr, Co, and As elements show relatively good overlap, with obvious concentration zoning and large anomaly scale.

[0067] III. 1 / 10,000 Soil Measurement

[0068] This working method is applied to 1 / 25,000 geochemical measurement anomalies and is only deployed on the 1 / 25,000 composite anomaly GA. 11 甲 The target area is within the range of Au (Cu, Ni, As, Mo, Co, Cr, Ag, Pb, Zn, Sb) anomalies. The aim is to further narrow down the target area, delineate the anomaly region of gold polymetallic elements, and provide a basis for subsequent work.

[0069] 1. Working Methods

[0070] Soil measurements were conducted using a GPS positioning system combined with a semi-instrumental method (compass) to locate the starting point of the sampling line. The sampling grid spacing was 100 meters (line spacing) and 40 meters (point spacing), with the sampling line azimuth at 40°. Sampling was conducted using a magnified 1:10,000 topographic map as a hand-drawn map to establish the soil measurement network. Each sampling group sampled along their respective sampling lines according to the network established on the hand-drawn map, with a sampling interval of 40 meters (horizontal distance). Samples were primarily collected within a 5-meter radius of the sampling point using a multi-pit (point) sampling method. Points where bedrock exposure, waste rock piles, riverbed deposits, or steep slopes prevented sampling were abandoned and noted in the records. Samples were primarily taken from the C layer (parent material layer) and residual layers. Sampling depths ranged from 10 to 40 centimeters in ridges and areas with good bedrock exposure, and from 50 to 100 centimeters in areas with thicker Quaternary cover. The sample composition mainly consisted of medium-coarse sand and rock fragments. The original weight of each sample was greater than 500 grams. The sample particle size was selected from -10 to +60 mesh, and a stainless steel sieve was used for sample processing. The weight of the sample after coarse processing was guaranteed to be 200 grams. Processed samples were sealed in plastic bags to prevent cross-contamination. Every five samples were clearly marked for future inspection.

[0071] Sampling records are kept using a soil measurement sampling record form, which includes the line number, point number, sample bag number, sampling location, sampling depth, stratigraphy, sample composition, geological and geomorphological features near the sampling point, sampling date, and the person who took the sample.

[0072] 2. Initial processing and management of field samples

[0073] After each day's sampling, field sampling personnel promptly fill out sample delivery forms and submit the samples to processing personnel for acceptance and registration. Processing personnel promptly correct or re-collect any incorrectly numbered, missed, or non-compliant samples. To prevent contamination, all sample bags are washed before use. Samples in the bags are allowed to air dry naturally, with occasional rubbing during drying to prevent soil clumping. After drying, samples are sieved through a -10 to +60 mesh stainless steel sieve. The sieved samples are then mixed using a diagonal folding method, placed in paper bags, and weighed. The sampling particle size is -10 to +60 mesh, and the final sample weight is greater than 150 grams. To prevent contamination during field sample processing, all tools that came into contact with the previous sample are cleaned with a brush after each sample is processed before moving on to the next. Each sample placed in a paper bag was clearly labeled with the work area, sample number, date, etc. After filling out the sample delivery form and compiling the sample processing number table, the samples were properly stored. Quality checks were carried out immediately after processing each day to ensure that the sample processing was accurate and error-free.

[0074] 3. Data processing and map compilation

[0075] (1) Data processing and anomaly identification

[0076] First, a comprehensive review was conducted on the detection limits, reporting rates, accuracy and precision of the analysis of Class II standard samples within the test area provided by the laboratory, as well as the sampling of duplicate samples and abnormal data, to determine the reliability of the analytical data. Under this premise, the analytical data of each element were processed by computer. The calculation method adopted was the "overall data outlier iterative processing method." This involves progressively eliminating values ​​greater than X+3S and less than X-3S (where X represents the average value and S represents the deviation) until no high or low points can be eliminated. The average value (X) and standard deviation (S) are then calculated. The average value plus twice the standard deviation (X+2S) is then approximated as an integer as the lower limit of anomalies (T). Concentration zonal values ​​are determined according to the standard Tz = 2K × T, where K = 0, 1, or 2. Based on the geochemical characteristics and geological mineralization conditions within the survey area, major mineralizing elements and associated elements were selected. Using the calculated lower limit value of anomalies as a standard, and in conjunction with the geochemical map, the lower limit values ​​for anomalies of the analytical elements within the survey area were determined. Anomaly concentration zones were then delineated using concentration zoning values, which constitute single-element anomalies. Subsequently, for elemental anomalies with good overlap and close correlation, corresponding anomaly characteristic parameters were statistically analyzed. The number of anomaly points, peak value, average intensity, contrast, scale, and concentration characteristics of each element were used as indicators to evaluate the anomaly elements, determine their main and associated elements, and, combined with the geological mineralization background of the anomaly overlap area, finally delineate the comprehensive anomaly.

[0077] (2) Map compilation

[0078] a. Compilation of Raw Data Maps and Single-Element Anomaly Maps: Based on the measured locations, the measurement area and point lines are drawn according to the measured point-line spacing. The raw analytical data are then marked on the corresponding points according to the analyzed test elements, thus creating the raw data map. On the single-element raw data map, the calculated anomaly lower limit values ​​and corresponding concentration zone values ​​for each element are used to delineate the anomaly boundary lines and the internal concentration zone boundaries. After review, any inappropriate anomaly lower limit values ​​are adjusted. The mechanically typed lines are then smoothed. Within the defined range, each element is colored according to its specified color, thus creating the single-element anomaly map.

[0079] b. Anomaly Profile Map: Using the same scale as the geochemical map, each geochemical anomaly is divided into blocks, displaying all individual element anomalies and their corresponding geological and mineral maps. The name of each element and its anomaly zone legend are marked within its respective block. The outer, middle, and inner zones of each element within the block are filled with colors common to all elements, from light to dark, to represent concentration zones. For areas with multiple concentration centers, they are numbered from top to bottom and left to right. A grid is divided on the block's single-line map frame, with the grid data marked on one block. AP (Average Aptitude) is used as the identifier for soil anomalies.

[0080] AP3 soil anomaly ( Figure 4 )

[0081] The anomaly is located in the northeastern corner of the Mangya River, exhibiting an irregular northwest-southeast trend. The dominant element is Au, with associated elements including As, Sb, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Ag. The exposed strata in the anomaly area are the Ordovician Qimantag Group volcanic rocks (OQ2). Au, As, Sb, Cu, Pb, and Zn show good correlation, with distinct zonation of each element. The Au anomaly area is 0.36 km². 2 The peak value reached 1890×10 -9 Au aligns well with AS and Sb. Subsequent anomaly checks, including soil stripping and 33 trenching operations, revealed three new gold-bearing tectonic alteration zones (I-1, I-2, I-3, II-1, II-2, IV-1, IV-2, IV-3) located within this anomaly. Of the three gold zones within the anomaly, eight gold orebodies (I-1, I-2, I-3, II-1, II-2, IV-1, IV-2, IV-3) and one zinc orebodies (II-3) have been delineated. This anomaly is a mineralized anomaly, with ore-bearing lithology consisting of tectonic breccia, tectonic foliated altered andesitic basalt, and mylonite. The host rocks are altered andesitic basalt. The orebodies are of the tectonic alteration type. Currently, the control of the three gold-bearing tectonic alteration zones and the orebodies within them is generally low; therefore, this anomaly has good gold prospecting potential. This anomaly is consistent with the 1:25,000 geochemical survey GA. 11 甲 The central part of the Au (Cu, Ni, As, Mo, Co, Cr, Ag, Pb, Zn, Sb) composite anomaly shows good correspondence with the sub-anomalies of Au, As, Pb, and Zn.

[0082] IV. 1 / 1 Geological Draft Survey

[0083] The preliminary survey work was arranged at a scale of 1:25,000 GA. 11 甲 Within the soil anomaly range of Au (Cu, Ni, As, Mo, Co, Cr, Ag, Pb, Zn, Sb) and AP3, a 1:2,000 geological profile was constructed in a section of the grassland survey area with continuous bedrock outcrops, clear structure, and a relatively complete range of rock types. The profile is basically perpendicular to the structural lines and stratigraphic strike within the area. Portable GPS was used to determine the start and end coordinates of the profile, a compass was used to measure the traverse azimuth, slope angle, and strata attitude, a measuring tape was used to mark the topographic lines, sampling points were identified, and geological details were transferred. A 1:10,000 topographic map, created by digitizing a 1:50,000 topographic map, was used as the working map. The starting point of the route, geological points, and navigation direction were determined by interpreting the topographic map and referring to data from a portable GPS locator. The work employed a method primarily based on traversal, supplemented by tracing, with the aim of identifying fault structures, defining geological boundaries, and locating and discovering gold-bearing structural alteration zones and copper-lead-zinc mineralized geological bodies. A total of 35 routes were developed, each ranging from 2.0 to 5.5 km in length, with a total distance of 22.0 km completed. 2 (of which the bedrock area is 13.5 km) 2 The Quaternary system covers an area of ​​8.5 km². 2 A total of 911 geological observation points were identified (48 in the Quaternary system and 863 in the bedrock area), averaging 63.9 effective geological observation points per square kilometer. The route spacing was 200m; the point spacing varied from 20-200m, with larger spacing (150-200m) between control points in areas with a single lithology. Tectonic control points or lithological boundary points, defined by the delineation of geological structures and lithological boundaries, were generally spaced 20-100m apart. Various geological bodies and structural lines were systematically controlled, divided, and connected, ultimately forming a geological sketch map. Figure 5 b).

[0084] This work enabled a detailed division and definition of the strata, structures, and igneous rocks within the preliminary survey area. It accurately and objectively reflects the basic pattern of the strata, structures, and igneous rocks in the mapping area, and yielded relatively systematic and complete first-hand field data. Several new tectonic alteration zones were discovered, including five gold-bearing tectonic alteration zones and one lead-zinc mineralization zone, providing direct evidence for subsequent work. The scope of this work was well-planned and yielded significant results.

[0085] V. UAV Identification of Linear Negative Terrain

[0086] Using a certain brand of drone, the camera parameters were set as follows: 1080P resolution, 60fps, ISO 800-1600, shutter speed 1 / 30 second, auto aperture, and auto white balance. Photos were taken on a clear, windless day, at a flight altitude of 50-100 meters.

[0087] Photos taken by drones are exported and processed on a computer using photo processing tools to identify objects with obvious linear or arc-shaped tracks. Large-scale, long-extending tracks with negative terrain, a certain width (over 1 meter), and features such as fault scarps, fault triangular facets, or mountain faulting along the fault line are selected and marked with red lines as the basis for tracing and collecting reconnaissance samples. Figure 6 , Figure 7 ).

[0088] VI. Exfoliation should be conducted in areas identified by the drone as linear negative topography (where structures pass through), with thin Quaternary cover and no vegetation. Exfoliation depth is generally 30-50 cm, and width is 30-60 cm, with the aim of clearly observing the mineralization alteration zone and collecting samples from within it. Sample collection utilizes a continuous block-collecting method, with sample lengths of 1-2 meters and weights exceeding 500g. Only gold elemental analysis is performed. Exfoliation spacing of 40-80 meters is recommended along the direction of the mineralization alteration zone. Based on the test results (greater than 0.2g / t), gold-bearing structural alteration zones can be quickly identified, providing a basis for subsequent mineral exploration marker establishment and trenching deployment.

[0089] VII. Trenching Engineering

[0090] Trenching projects primarily reveal geophysical and geochemical anomalies through the identification of linear negative terrain using drones, geological surveys, and the collection of numerous soil stripping samples. Figure 7 The trenching project, based on feedback of mineralization clues, traced and controlled the orientation of newly discovered mineralized bodies. From the perspective of construction effectiveness, all trenching projects achieved their geological objectives. From the results achieved, various mineralization clues were revealed through the trenching projects, and multiple polymetallic mineralized bodies of gold, tungsten, cobalt (nickel), lead, and zinc were delineated within the area, yielding good results and significant effects. Figure 8 , 9 ).

[0091] The average bottom width of the constructed trenches ranged from 0.67 to 2.14 meters; the average opening width ranged from 1.04 to 2.84 meters; the average trench depth ranged from 0.54 to 3.00 meters; and the trenches penetrated more than 0.30 meters into the bedrock. Piles were erected at the trench heads, and the project numbers were clearly marked. All trenching work achieved its geological objectives, passed quality inspection, and the workload was confirmed as valid. Figure 8 a).

[0092] Sampling Quality: Basic chemical analysis samples were collected from areas with strong mineralization and alteration during trenching. Samples were taken at the junction of the trench wall and bottom. The sampling method was continuous trenching. The typical sample length was 1.00m, with a minimum of 0.40m (quartz vein) and a maximum of 1.50m. The trench cross-section was 10×5cm (gold ore body). Figure 8 (b) 10×3cm (lead-zinc polymetallic), with 1-2 sample perimeters for control at the top and bottom of the ore body. A total of 1817 chemical samples were collected during this trenching project, with 668 samples undergoing quality checks (36.76% inspection rate). Sampling layout was reasonable, with no mixed samples, cross-layer sampling, or other issues. The maximum deviation rate between the actual and theoretical weight of the collected chemical samples was 9.92%, meeting the specification requirement of within 10% of the allowable weight error (the theoretical weight of a 1.00m sample is 12.5kg). Areas where no chemical samples were collected were controlled using marked rock samples, with samples separated by red paint lines and marked with sample numbers at the corresponding locations. There were no cross-layer sampling issues. Sample layout was reasonable and standardized.

[0093] Logging quality: All trenching project logging is carried out on-site. Generally, the left wall and bottom are logged according to the project orientation. If the left wall is missing, the right wall and bottom are logged. A development diagram of one wall and one bottom is drawn. The logged data is complete, accurate, timely and neat.

[0094] VIII. Drilling Engineering

[0095] According to the design plan, the drilling spacing is 80-320 meters, controlling the gold ore body's dip depth to 80-160 meters. The project team constructed 24 boreholes targeting the gold-bearing enrichment areas in zones I, II, and IV within the area. Each gold-bearing structural alteration zone extends stably to depth, and the mineralization and alteration are all relatively strong. Gold ore bodies I-1, I-3, II-1, II-2, and II-5 in zones I and II exhibit stable extension at depth. This work has yielded significant results. Figure 10 ).

[0096] According to the eight indicators of the "Drilling Quality Acceptance Grade Standard", all drill holes were qualified and the quality rating was "good" or above.

[0097] IX. Constructing Superimposed Halo Method

[0098] The gold orebody extends stably along its dip direction, with a maximum dip depth of 340m. The main orebody remains unclosed at depth. A structural superposition halo study was conducted on the gold-bearing main orebody within the altered structures of No. I and No. II. Ten samples were collected for analysis and testing from surface trenching to deep drilling (Table 1). Comparing the structural superposition halo models with those of the national Wulonggou gold deposit in the East Kunlun Mountains, the characteristic indicator element combination for the leading edge halo in this area was determined as: As, Sb, Hg; the characteristic indicator element combination for the near-ore halo as: Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn; and the characteristic indicator element combination for the tail halo as: Co, W, Mo, Ni. Among them, the study of ore bodies I-4 and I-6 in the southeast of the No. I gold-bearing structural alteration zone, from an elevation of 3500m to 3100m, shows that the near-ore halo at depth exhibits an inner or strong zone anomaly, the leading edge halo exhibits an outer zone, and the tail halo exhibits a middle-inner zone, indicating that the ore body (I-6) extends significantly into the depth; the study of ore body I-3 in the middle of the No. I gold-bearing structural alteration zone, from an elevation of 3350m to 3100m, shows that the near-ore halo at depth exhibits a middle-inner zone anomaly, and the leading edge halo and tail halo exhibit a coexistence of middle-inner zone anomalies, indicating the presence of a blind ore body at depth; the study of ore body II-3 in the middle of the No. II gold-bearing structural alteration zone, from an elevation of 3410m to 3175m, shows that the near-ore halo at depth exhibits a middle-inner zone anomaly, and the leading edge halo and tail halo exhibit a coexistence of middle-inner zone anomalies, indicating the presence of a blind ore body at depth.

[0099] Table 1. Comprehensive Deep Characteristics of the Superimposed Holite Structure of the Gold Main Ore Body in the Mangya River East Area

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] In summary, the exploration target area was initially narrowed down using 1:50,000 stream sediment anomaly surveys. Then, 1:25,000 geochemical surveys were used to further narrow down the target area. 1:10,000 soil profile surveys and 1:10,000 geological surveys were used to further narrow down the target area. UAVs were then used to identify linear negative topographic features to pinpoint favorable exploration locations. Reconnaissance sampling using soil stripping was used to quickly locate gold-bearing structural alteration zones. Trenching was used for surface control. Finally, the structural halo method, combined with contour maps of ore grade, ore thickness, and the product of ore grade and thickness, was used to predict target locations and conduct deep drilling verification. Ultimately, the topography was restored to clarify the morphology, occurrence, scale, and resource potential of the gold mineralization. The exploration method combination is: area geochemical exploration + 1:10,000 geological survey + 1:10,000 soil survey + UAV structural identification + soil stripping reconnaissance sampling + shallow engineering verification + structural halo prediction + deep engineering verification.

[0103] Using this method, five gold-bearing structural alteration zones were ultimately delineated in the Mangyahe East area, containing 18 gold ore bodies. These 18 gold ore bodies range in length from 70 to 1210 m, with a true thickness of 0.8 to 9.34 m and a grade of 1.01 to 8.86 × 10⁻⁶ m. -6The average grade of the ore deposit is 2.91 × 10⁻⁶. -6 The industrial grade ore body accounts for 65.63%, and the preliminary estimate of the inferred resource volume is of medium scale, with further work expected to reach large scale.

[0104] The exploration method of this invention has achieved a major breakthrough in gold prospecting in the Mangyahe East area, demonstrating that this combination of exploration techniques and methods has good prospecting results in the Qimantag area of ​​the East Kunlun Mountains for tectonic alteration-type gold deposits related to orogenic movements. It should be noted that this method for prospecting tectonic alteration-type gold deposits in shallowly overburdened areas is not limited to the Mangyahe East deposit, but is specifically illustrated using the Qimantag area as an example.

[0105] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0106] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for exploring altered rock-type gold deposits in shallowly overburdened areas, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Based on the metallogenic theory of orogenic gold deposits and regional geochemical anomalies, analyze the known tectonic alteration rock type gold deposits and surrounding geochemical anomalies, and select areas with good elemental overlap and obvious concentration centers as the first preferred target areas. Step 2: Conduct 1:25,000 geochemical measurements in the first preferred target area, and select areas with anomalous development of Au, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Sb, and As, good elemental alignment, and obvious concentration centers as the second preferred target area; Step 3: Conduct 1:10,000 soil profile measurements for the second preferred target area. In areas with good elemental alignment and obvious concentration centers, and with 1:10,000 geological surveys, identify tectonic alteration zones with obvious hydrothermal alteration characteristics of silicification, sericitization, kaolinization, and limonite mineralization, and determine them as the third preferred target area. Step 4: For the third preferred target area, use UAVs to identify linear structural development areas and use soil stripping to collect reconnaissance samples to quickly locate the gold-bearing structural alteration zone, which is then identified as the fourth preferred target area. That is, use UAVs to identify linear negative terrain and select the location of the linear negative terrain identified by the UAVs to quickly locate the gold-bearing structural alteration zone by stripping soil to collect reconnaissance samples. Step 5 involves using trenching and shallow drilling to control shallow ore bodies, targeting high-value points or segments of reconnaissance samples within the fourth preferred target area, as well as strip-shaped soil geochemical anomaly zones extending along the structural belt. This process delineates the shallow ore bodies on the surface. Step 5 involves using trenching to reveal, trace, and control the specific location, morphology, and characteristics of mineralized zones or mineralized bodies. This is achieved by initially determining the location of the ore-bearing geological body and the mineralized strata. Based on on-site reconnaissance, trenching is specifically deployed in areas without vegetation cover, easy to construct, and with a cover thickness not exceeding 3m, perpendicular to the strike of the structural alteration zone and the direction of the rock strata. The trench bottom should be at least 0.8m wide and no more than 3m deep, penetrating at least 0.3m into the bedrock, with the aim of clearly observing the top and bottom plates or stratification interfaces of the mineralized body, and using measurement of occurrence elements as a reference. Chemical sample wells are placed at the junction of the wall and bottom of the well and marked with sample numbers. The continuous grooving method is used for sampling. The sample well size is 10×5cm. The error rate between the theoretical weight and the actual weight of the sample shall not exceed 10%. When sampling, the rock surface at the sampling point is cleaned and the sampling cloth is laid out to ensure that the sample is not contaminated or splashed. The collection method is strictly carried out in accordance with the specifications, and the samples are laid out in the same orientation and at the same angle. In areas where no chemical samples were collected, rock samples were used for control; after the trenching project achieved its geological objectives and passed acceptance, reverse backfilling was carried out to restore the topography. Through trenching, mineralization alteration zones and mineralized bodies are revealed and controlled, and the morphology, occurrence, and scale of mineralized bodies are preliminarily determined, thus delineating surface mineralized bodies. Step Six involves using tectonic superposition halo technology to analyze the distribution characteristics of indicator element combinations at the leading edge, near-ore halo, and tail halo of shallow ore bodies. This analysis, combined with contour maps of ore body grade, thickness, and the product of grade and thickness, predicts target locations and verifies these locations through drilling. This process determines the grade, thickness, and occurrence variations of the deep ore body, delineates the ore body, and estimates gold reserves. The drilling technology used in Step Six to determine the variations in grade, thickness, and occurrence of the deep ore body further supports this process. The specific operational process for delineating the ore body is as follows: Using the delineated shallow ore body, boreholes are deployed, specifically located in areas rich in surface mineralization, taking into account the rock mass or strata occurrence and topography; the ore body dips at 60°, and drilling is conducted using 65°-85° inclined holes, employing large-diameter directional drilling, with the final drill bit outer diameter not less than 75mm; the average core recovery rate within 5m of the ore body and its top and bottom plates is not less than 85%, and the average layered core recovery rate of the surrounding rock is not less than 80%. The drilling sampling method involves splitting the core in half along its long axis and considering the uniformity of mineralization. One half is sent to a testing unit for basic analysis, while the other half is retained for verification and research. Sampling on the mineralized body does not cross layers. The basic sample length is 1.0m, with a maximum length not exceeding 1.5m and a minimum length not less than 0.4m. One to two edge samples are taken from the upper and lower walls of the mineralized body. In areas where no chemical samples are collected, rock samples are used for control. The drilling project determines the deep grade, scale, and occurrence variations of the mineralized body. After the drilling project achieves its geological objectives and passes acceptance, roads, rigs, and water tanks are backfilled in reverse order to restore the topography. Environmentally friendly drilling mud is used during the drilling operation.

2. The exploration method for altered rock type gold deposits in shallow overburden areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, the 1:20,000 geochemical measurement is a 1:20,000 stream sediment measurement anomaly, and the working analysis elements are mainly Au, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Sb, and As. The basic density was measured at 16-32 points / km². Samples were collected using a particle size cutoff of -10 to +60. The weight of the sieved samples was greater than 300g, with half sent for testing and half retained. Geochemical maps were created using GeoExpl software, and single-element anomaly maps and combined anomaly maps were created using Mapgis 6.7 software. Comprehensive anomaly maps and anomaly analysis maps were created by combining geological background and tectonic distribution characteristics.

3. The exploration method for altered rock type gold deposits in shallow overburden areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The regional geochemical anomaly in step one is a 1:50,000 stream sediment measurement anomaly, and the characteristic elements of the anomaly are Au, Cu, V, Ni, Sb, and As. In step two, the 1:20,000 geochemical measurement selects areas with anomalous distributions of Au, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Sb, and As. In step three, the 1 / 10,000 soil profile measurement selects areas where the elements Au, As, Sb, Cu, Pb, and Zn show good correlation.

4. The exploration method for altered rock type gold deposits in shallow overburden areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step three, the soil profile measurement scale is 1:10000 or 1:5000. High-precision handheld GPS positioning is used during soil profile measurement. Samples are collected at horizontal point intervals of 40m / 10m, with a particle size cutoff of -10 to +60. The sampling medium primarily consists of fine rock debris, fine sand, and silt from layer C, with a cover thickness greater than 0.8m. Residual slope deposits from the lower part of layer B are also collected. The sample collection layers must be consistent. The weight of the sample after sieving should be no less than 200g. Geochemical integrated profile maps and anomaly analysis maps are created using software based on the test data. Combined with structural distribution characteristics, high-value segments or banded geochemical anomaly zones are delineated in the geochemical profile. Areas with high Au, As, and Sb sub-anomaly intensity in soil profile measurements, well-developed middle and inner zones, good overlap, and obvious concentration centers are the most favorable areas for mineral exploration.

5. The exploration method for altered rock type gold deposits in shallow overburden areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step four, the soil stripping method using reconnaissance sampling is as follows: soil stripping is conducted in linear negative terrain, areas with thin Quaternary cover, and no vegetation, as identified by the UAV; the stripping depth is 30-50 cm and the width is 30-60 cm, with the aim of clearly observing the mineralization alteration zone and collecting samples from within the zone; sample collection utilizes the continuous block picking method, with sample lengths of 1-2 meters and sample weights greater than 500g, and only gold element analysis is performed; the stripping spacing along the direction of the mineralization alteration zone is 40-80 meters; and the gold-bearing structural alteration zone is quickly identified based on the test results.

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