Breathing training aids before pulmonary function test

Abstract

This invention belongs to the technical field of breathing training devices, specifically relating to a breathing training tool for use before pulmonary function testing. It includes a mouthpiece, a trachea, a variable resistance assembly, and a detection assembly. The variable resistance assembly includes a fixed block with a breathing channel and a variable resistance chamber within it. The variable resistance chamber includes a sliding chamber and a placement chamber. The placement chamber contains an electromagnet, a magnet, a slider, and an elastic element. The slider is fixedly connected to a variable resistance plate, which is slidably connected within the sliding chamber. The variable resistance plate has an air vent and a circular hole, the circular hole being covered by an elastic membrane. The sliding chamber communicates with the breathing channel. The detection assembly includes a flow sensor, a display screen, a vertical plate, a signal transmitter, a signal receiver, a controller, and a prompter. The vertical plate has an air vent and a signal shielding element. The trachea connects the breathing channel and the air vent on the vertical plate. This invention can adjust breathing resistance and detect the blowing flow rate and duration, thereby simulating the breathing state during pulmonary function testing, thus improving the success rate of the test and shortening the testing time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of breathing training devices, specifically relating to a breathing training teaching aid for use before lung function testing. Background Technology

[0002] Pulmonary function testing is an essential examination for respiratory diseases. It plays a crucial role in the early detection of lung and airway lesions, assessing disease severity and prognosis, evaluating the effectiveness of drugs or other treatments, identifying the cause of dyspnea, diagnosing lesion sites, evaluating lung function tolerance to surgery or physical exertion, and monitoring critically ill patients. Currently, during pulmonary function testing, patients should keep their mouths tightly closed to prevent air leakage and cooperate with the doctor's instructions by promptly inhaling and exhaling. However, some patients are undergoing pulmonary function testing for the first time and lack experience, which can lead to errors in inhalation and exhalation. Others may not fully understand the doctor's instructions or have poor coordination, hindering proper cooperation and making the examination difficult and significantly impacting its efficiency.

[0003] To avoid the aforementioned problems, patients can undergo breathing training before the pulmonary function test, familiarizing themselves with the procedure and allowing them to perform the test more calmly and quickly. Currently, most breathing training devices use resistance training principles, allowing trainees to strengthen their respiratory muscles under conditions of respiratory obstruction, thereby increasing respiratory muscle strength and endurance. However, during a routine pulmonary function test, patients must follow the doctor's instructions to immediately switch from a calm breathing state to a "rapid inhale and exhale" state. For adults, this exhalation process generally needs to be maintained for more than 6 seconds. Typical breathing training devices lack a timing function, making it impossible to determine whether the trainee has reached the "expulsion" standard. Furthermore, during routine pulmonary function tests, patients often experience significant breathing resistance. Unaware of this, patients are likely to remove their mouthpiece and tell the doctor they cannot inhale, thus affecting the test's progress. Typical breathing training devices only train the trainee's respiratory muscle strength and cannot simulate the breathing conditions during a pulmonary function test. Therefore, a training device that allows patients to simulate the breathing conditions during a pulmonary function test is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a breathing training tool for use before pulmonary function testing, in order to solve the problem that traditional breathing training devices cannot simulate the breathing state during pulmonary function testing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a respiratory training tool for pre-pulmonary function testing, comprising a mouthpiece and a trachea, as well as a variable resistance assembly and a detection assembly. The variable resistance assembly includes a fixed block, within which a breathing channel and a variable resistance cavity are formed. The variable resistance cavity includes a sliding cavity and a placement cavity. The placement cavity contains an electromagnet, a magnet, a slider, and an elastic element. The electromagnet is fixedly installed within the placement cavity, and the slider is slidably connected within the placement cavity. The magnet is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slider facing the electromagnet. One end of the elastic element is connected to the slider, and the other end is connected to the side wall of the placement cavity. When the electromagnet is energized, it pushes the magnet to move away from the electromagnet. The slider is fixedly connected to a variable resistance plate, which is slidably connected within the sliding cavity. The variable resistance plate has an air vent and a circular hole, the circular hole being covered with an elastic membrane. The sliding cavity communicates with the breathing channel, and initially, the air vent on the variable resistance plate completely coincides with the radial surface of the breathing channel. The detection component includes a flow sensor, a display screen, a vertical plate, a controller, and a prompter. The signal detected by the flow sensor is transmitted to the controller, which processes it to obtain a flow curve and displays it on the display screen. The vertical plate has an air vent, and a protruding plate is provided above the air vent. A signal shielding component is provided on the protruding plate. When air is discharged from the air vent, the bottom end of the signal shielding component moves away from the vertical plate. The bottom and top of the vertical plate are provided with horizontal plates. A signal transmitter is fixedly installed on one horizontal plate, and a signal receiver is fixedly installed on the other horizontal plate. The prompter, signal transmitter, and signal receiver are all connected to the controller. The trachea includes a first section and a second section. The mouthpiece is detachably connected to one end of the first section, and the other end of the first section is connected to the breathing channel. The flow sensor is fixedly installed at the end of the first section near the mouthpiece. One end of the second section is connected to the breathing channel, and the other end of the second section is connected to the air vent.

[0006] The working principle and beneficial effects of this scheme are as follows: This scheme utilizes a variable resistance component to adjust breathing resistance. When the air vent on the variable resistance plate completely aligns with the breathing channel, it provides trainees with simulated conditions of "rapid inhalation to the top and explosive exhalation to the bottom." During this training process, a flow sensor detects the exhalation flow rate and displays the flow rate curve on a screen to determine if the trainee has performed an explosive exhalation. Simultaneously, the detection component detects whether the trainee's exhalation duration reaches more than 6 seconds. During exhalation, the bottom of the signal blocking component moves under the action of the exhalation airflow, thus blocking the signal transmitter. The signal received by the signal receiver weakens or disappears, and the controller starts timing. After exhalation, the signal blocking component resets under its own weight and no longer blocks the signal transmitter. The signal received by the signal receiver recovers, and the controller stops timing. By comparing the time with the time threshold set in the controller, if the time exceeds 6 seconds, the controller activates the prompt device to indicate that the explosive exhalation is successful. In addition, when the circular hole on the variable resistance plate coincides with the breathing channel, the elastic membrane blocks the flow of gas, resulting in high breathing resistance for the trainee. This simulates a high-resistance breathing test for the trainee, so that the trainee will not panic and remove the mouthpiece when going on the machine for the test.

[0007] In summary, this method can simulate the breathing state during the pulmonary function test, so that trainees can familiarize themselves with the breathing mode of the pulmonary function test before going on the machine, thereby improving the success rate of the test and shortening the test time.

[0008] Optionally, the edge of the elastic membrane is fixed to the inner peripheral wall of the circular hole.

[0009] In this design, the edge of the elastic membrane is fixed to the inner circumferential wall of the circular hole. In this way, the elastic membrane will not be subjected to friction from the inner sidewall of the sliding cavity during the sliding process of the variable resistance sheet, thus extending the service life of the elastic membrane.

[0010] Optionally, both ends of the breathing channel are provided with internal thread sections, and the ends of the I-section tube and the II-section tube near the fixing block are provided with external thread tube I, which is threadedly engaged with the internal thread section of the breathing channel.

[0011] In this design, the first and second sections of the tubing are detachable from the breathing channel to allow for replacement of the first section tubing and / or the variable resistance assembly.

[0012] Optionally, the vertical plate is provided with an internally threaded tube, which is coaxial with the vent. The end of the second section tube near the vertical plate is provided with an externally threaded tube II, which is threadedly engaged with the internally threaded tube.

[0013] In this design, the second section of the pipe is detachable from the internally threaded pipe, allowing for the replacement of the second section of the pipe.

[0014] Optionally, both section I and section II of the pipe are provided with sealing gaskets.

[0015] In this solution, sealing gaskets are used to improve the sealing of the connections between section I pipe and the breathing channel, section II pipe and the breathing channel, and section II pipe and the internally threaded pipe.

[0016] Optionally, the signal shielding element is paper, cloth, or plastic sheet.

[0017] In this design, paper, cloth, and plastic sheets are lightweight and easily moved by airflow, thus obstructing the signal transmitter.

[0018] Optionally, the signal transmitter is an infrared transmitter, and the signal receiver is an infrared receiver.

[0019] In this solution, the infrared transmitter and receiver are common signal transmitters and receivers, and the infrared signal is stable.

[0020] Optionally, a support grid is provided below the convex plate.

[0021] In this design, the support grid allows airflow to pass through and prevents the signal shielding device from covering the air vents on the vertical plate when the trainee inhales rapidly. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the breathing training teaching aid used before lung function testing in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view along the BB direction;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the signal blocking component in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when it blocks the signal transmitter under the action of airflow;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the breathing channel coincides with the circular hole in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the breathing training teaching aid used before lung function testing in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the breathing training teaching aid used before lung function testing in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0030] The markings in the accompanying drawings include: mouthpiece 1, trachea 2, section I tube 210, section II tube 220, external threaded tube I 230, external threaded tube II 240, sealing gasket 250, variable resistance assembly 3, fixing block 310, breathing channel 3101, sliding cavity 3102, placement cavity 3103, electromagnet 320, magnet 330, slider 340, elastic element 350, variable resistance plate 360, vent 3601, round hole 3602, elastic membrane 370, detection assembly 4, flow sensor 410, display screen 420, vertical plate 430, vent 4301, convex plate 4302, horizontal plate 4303, support grid 4304, controller 440, indicator 450, signal shield 460, signal transmitter 470, signal receiver 480, and internal threaded tube 490.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] This embodiment is basically as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown: A breathing training apparatus for pre-pulmonary function testing, including a mouthpiece 1, a trachea 2, a variable resistance assembly 3, and a testing assembly 4. The variable resistance assembly 3 includes a fixing block 310, which is combined with... Figure 3As shown, the fixed block 310 has a breathing channel 3101 and a variable resistance cavity. The variable resistance cavity includes a sliding cavity 3102 and a placement cavity 3103. The placement cavity 3103 contains an electromagnet 320, a magnet 330, a slider 340, and an elastic element 350. The electromagnet 320 is fixedly installed in the placement cavity 3103, the slider 340 is slidably connected in the placement cavity 3103, and the magnet 330 is welded to the right side wall of the slider 340. When the electromagnet 320 is energized, it applies a magnetic repulsive force to the magnet 330, pushing the slider 340 to slide to the left. The left end of the elastic element 350 is welded to the slider 340, and the right end of the elastic element 350 is welded to the right side wall of the placement cavity 3103. In this embodiment, the elastic element 350 is a spring. A variable resistance plate 360 ​​is welded to the left side wall of the slider 340. The variable resistance plate 360 ​​is slidably connected within the sliding cavity 3102. The variable resistance plate 360 ​​has a vent hole 3601 and a circular hole 3602. The circular hole 3602 is covered with an elastic membrane 370, the edge of which is adhered to the inner peripheral wall of the circular hole 3602. In this embodiment, the elastic membrane 370 is made of the same material as the balloon, possessing a certain degree of elasticity and can be stretched under external force. The sliding cavity 3102 communicates with the breathing channel 3101, and in this embodiment, the sliding cavity 3102 is perpendicular to the breathing channel 3101; initially, the vent hole 3601 on the variable resistance plate 360 ​​completely overlaps with the breathing channel 3101.

[0033] The detection component 4 includes a flow sensor 410, a display screen 420, a vertical plate 430, a controller 440, and an indicator 450. The signal detected by the flow sensor 410 is transmitted to the controller 440, which processes the signal to obtain a flow curve, which is then displayed on the display screen 420. A vent 4301 is provided on the vertical plate 430, and a protruding plate 4302 is provided above the vent 4301. The protruding plate 4302 is welded to the right side wall of the vertical plate 430, and a signal blocking component 460 is provided on the protruding plate 4302. When air is emitted from the vent 4301, the bottom end of the signal blocking component 460 moves to the upper right. The signal blocking component 460 can be paper, cloth, or plastic. In this embodiment, the signal blocking component 460 is paper, and the top of the paper is attached to the protruding plate 4302 with tape, making the paper easily blown away.

[0034] Horizontal plates 4303 are welded to both the bottom and top of the vertical plate 430. A signal transmitter 470 is fixedly mounted on one horizontal plate 4303, and a signal receiver 480 is fixedly mounted on the other horizontal plate 4303. The indicator 450, signal transmitter 470, and signal receiver 480 are all connected to the controller 440. The signal receiver 480 is used to receive the signal emitted by the signal transmitter 470. In this embodiment, the signal transmitter 470 is an infrared transmitter, the signal receiver 480 is an infrared receiver, the indicator 450 is a buzzer, and the controller 440 is a PLC. In another embodiment, the signal transmitter 470 is a laser transmitter, and the signal receiver 480 is a laser receiver.

[0035] The trachea 2 is a corrugated tube, which includes a first section tube 210 and a second section tube 220. The mouthpiece 1 is detachably connected to one end of the first section tube 210, and the other end of the first section tube 210 is connected to the breathing channel 3101. The flow sensor 410 is fixedly installed on the end of the first section tube 210 near the mouthpiece 1. One end of the second section tube 220 is connected to the breathing channel 3101, and the other end of the second section tube 220 is connected to the ventilation port 4301. Specifically, both ends of the breathing channel 3101 are provided with internal thread sections, and the ends of section I pipe 210 and section II pipe 220 near the breathing channel 3101 are provided with external thread pipe I 230, which is threadedly engaged with the internal thread section of the breathing channel 3101; an internal thread pipe 490 is welded on the vertical plate 430, which is coaxial with the air vent 4301, and an external thread pipe II 240 is provided at the end of section II pipe 220 near the vertical plate 430, which is threadedly engaged with the internal thread pipe 490.

[0036] In practical use, before undergoing pulmonary function testing, patients perform breathing training at the nurses' station or in a dedicated room. First, the patient closes their mouthpiece 1 and begins calm breathing. At this time, the air vent 3601 of the variable resistance plate 360 ​​coincides with the breathing channel 3101, allowing airflow to pass normally through the breathing channel 3101. Then, the patient begins the breathing exercise of "rapid inhalation to the top and explosive exhalation to the bottom." During rapid inhalation and explosive exhalation, the flow sensor 410 detects the gas flow rate in the trachea 2 and converts it into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the controller 440. The controller 440 processes the signal to obtain a flow curve, which is displayed on the screen 420. The flow curve on the screen 420 allows medical staff to monitor the gas flow rate during the patient's rapid inhalation and explosive exhalation, thereby controlling the patient's inhalation and exhalation rates. If the inhalation and / or exhalation rates are insufficient, the patient can be asked to increase their inhalation and / or exhalation rates and continue practicing.

[0037] Furthermore, during the bursting process, the gas flows through section I pipe 210, breathing channel 3101, and section II pipe 220, finally exiting through vent 4301. This blows the bottom end of the signal blocking component 460, causing it to rotate counterclockwise around its top end. The bottom end of the signal blocking component 460 moves between the signal transmitter 470 and the signal receiver 480. Figure 4As shown, when the signal received by the signal receiver 480 weakens or disappears, the controller 440 starts timing. After the burst of air ends, the signal blocking component 460 rotates clockwise under its own weight and returns to an upright position. The signal blocking component 460 no longer blocks the signal transmitter 470, the signal received by the signal receiver 480 returns to normal, and the controller 440 stops timing. The controller 440 compares the recorded time with a preset time threshold. If the recorded time is greater than 6 seconds (the preset time threshold), the controller 440 activates the prompter 450, which beeps to indicate that the burst of air was maintained for the required time. If the prompter 450 does not beep, it indicates that the burst of air was not maintained. In this way, the flow curve displayed on the screen 420 and the presence or absence of a beep from the prompter 450 are used to determine whether the patient's "rapid inhalation to the top and burst of air to the bottom" is maintained, so that the patient can become familiar with the breathing state of "rapid inhalation to the top and burst of air to the bottom" in advance.

[0038] After completing the breathing exercise of "inhaling quickly to the top and exhaling forcefully to the bottom," close the switch controlling the on / off state of the electromagnet 320. This energizes the electromagnet 320, causing it to generate magnetism and exert a magnetic repulsive force on the magnet 330. This pushes the slider 340 to overcome the tension of the elastic element 350 and slide to the left, further pushing the variable resistance plate 360 ​​to slide to the left. The circular hole 3602 on the variable resistance plate 360 ​​coincides with the breathing channel 3101. The elastic membrane 370 inside the circular hole 3602 blocks the breathing channel 3101. Figure 5 As shown. Thus, during the patient's calm breathing, when the patient inhales, the gas in the second-stage tube 220 enters the breathing channel 3101. The elastic membrane 370 expands to the left under the action of air pressure. However, the elastic membrane 370 has a restoring force when it shrinks, so the patient experiences great resistance during inhalation. When the patient exhales, the elastic membrane 370 expands to the right under the action of air pressure, and exhalation also experiences great resistance. This simulates the breathing test under conditions of great resistance, so that the patient can become familiar with this situation and avoid having to remove the mouthpiece 1 due to breathing resistance during the machine test.

[0039] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the external threaded tube I230 of section I tube 210 is threadedly connected to the breathing channel 3101. Therefore, section I tube 210 can be separated from the fixing block 310 when needed. Also, the external threaded tube I230 of section II tube 220 is threadedly connected to the breathing channel 3101, and the external threaded tube II240 of section II tube 220 is threadedly connected to the internal threaded tube 490 on the vertical plate 430. Therefore, when needed, section II tube 220 can be separated from the fixing block 310 and the vertical plate 430 to replace the new air tube 2.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, both section I pipe 210 and section II pipe 220 are provided with sealing gaskets 250. Specifically, section I pipe 210 has a sealing gasket 250 at its right end, and section II pipe 220 has sealing gaskets 250 at both ends. Thus, when the external threaded pipe I 230 is threadedly connected to the breathing channel 3101, the sealing gasket 250 is tightly attached to the outer wall of the fixing block 310, thereby improving the connection sealing performance; when the external threaded pipe II 240 is threadedly connected to the internal threaded pipe 490, the sealing gasket 250 is tightly attached to the outer wall of the internal threaded pipe 490, thereby improving the connection sealing performance.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that: Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, a support grille 4304 is welded onto the convex plate 4302, and the support grille 4304 is located below the convex plate 4302. Thus, during the patient's inhalation, when air flows into the ventilation port 4301 of the vertical plate 430, the signal blocking member 460 is supported by the support grille 4304, and the signal blocking member 460 will not cover the ventilation port 4301. During the patient's exhalation, the support grille 4304 does not affect the effect of the airflow on the signal blocking member 460.

[0044] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention. The invention is not limited to the fields covered by these embodiments. Commonly known structures and characteristics are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are aware of all existing technologies in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can improve and implement this solution based on the guidance provided in this application and their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention, and will not affect the effectiveness or practicality of the invention. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims. The specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A breathing training aid for use prior to lung function testing, comprising a mouthpiece and a tube, characterised in that: It also includes a variable resistance assembly and a detection assembly. The variable resistance assembly includes a fixed block with a breathing channel and a variable resistance cavity inside. The variable resistance cavity includes a sliding cavity and a placement cavity. The placement cavity contains an electromagnet, a magnet, a slider, and an elastic element. The electromagnet is fixedly installed in the placement cavity, the slider is slidably connected in the placement cavity, and the magnet is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slider facing the electromagnet. One end of the elastic element is connected to the slider, and the other end is connected to the side wall of the placement cavity. When the electromagnet is energized, it pushes the magnet to move away from the electromagnet. The slider is fixedly connected to a variable resistance plate, which is slidably connected in the sliding cavity. The variable resistance plate has a vent hole and a circular hole, the circular hole being covered with an elastic membrane. The sliding cavity communicates with the breathing channel, and the vent hole on the variable resistance plate initially coincides completely with the radial surface of the breathing channel. The detection assembly includes a flow sensor, a display screen, and... The system includes a vertical plate, a controller, and a prompter. The signal detected by the flow sensor is transmitted to the controller, which processes the signal to obtain a flow curve, which is then displayed on a screen. The vertical plate has an air vent, and above the air vent is a protruding plate with a signal shield. When air is discharged from the air vent, the bottom of the signal shield moves away from the vertical plate. The vertical plate has horizontal plates at both its bottom and top. A signal transmitter is fixedly installed on one horizontal plate, and a signal receiver is fixedly installed on the other. The prompter, signal transmitter, and signal receiver are all connected to the controller. The airway includes a first section and a second section. The mouthpiece is detachably connected to one end of the first section, and the other end of the first section is connected to the breathing channel. The flow sensor is fixedly installed at the end of the first section near the mouthpiece. One end of the second section is connected to the breathing channel, and the other end is connected to the air vent.

2. The breathing training teaching aid for pre-pulmonary function testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the elastic membrane is fixed to the inner peripheral wall of the circular hole.

3. The breathing training teaching aid for pre-pulmonary function testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the breathing channel are provided with internal thread sections, and the ends of the I section tube and the II section tube near the fixing block are provided with external thread tube I, which is threadedly engaged with the internal thread section of the breathing channel.

4. The breathing training teaching aid for pre-pulmonary function testing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vertical plate is provided with an internally threaded tube, which is coaxial with the vent. The end of the II section tube near the vertical plate is provided with an externally threaded tube II, which is threadedly engaged with the internally threaded tube.

5. The breathing training teaching aid for pre-pulmonary function testing according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both section I and section II of the pipe are equipped with sealing gaskets.

6. The breathing training teaching aid for pre-pulmonary function testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal blocking component is made of paper, cloth, or plastic sheet.

7. The breathing training teaching aid for pre-pulmonary function testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal transmitter is an infrared transmitter, and the signal receiver is an infrared receiver.

8. The breathing training teaching aid for pre-pulmonary function testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support grille is provided below the convex plate.

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